Increased serum gastrin in patients with different clinical forms of Chagas disease coinfected with Helicobacter pylori

Trypanosoma cruzi and Helicobacter pylori (HP) are pathogens that cause chronic diseases and have been associated with hypergastrinemia. The aim of this study was to evaluate the fasting gastrin levels in patients with different clinical forms of Chagas disease (CD), coinfected or not by HP. The enrolled individuals were outpatients attending at the university hospital. HP infection was assessed by serology and 13 C-urea breath test. Fasting serum gastrin concentration was measured by chemiluminescence assay. Gastric endoscopic and histological features were also evaluated. Associations between CD and serum gastrin level were evaluated in a logistical model, adjusting for age, gender and HP status. A total of 113 patients were evaluated (45 with Chagas disease and 68 controls). In the multivariate analysis, increasing serum gastrin levels (OR= 1.02; 95% CI= 1.01-1.12), increasing age (OR= 1.05; 95% CI= 1.02 - 1.09) and HP-positive status (OR = 2.88; 95% CI = 1.10 - 7.51) remained independently associated with CD. The serum gastrin levels were significantly higher in the group of patients with the cardiodigestive form ( P = 0.03) as well as with digestive form ( P = <0.001) of Chagas disease than in the controls. In conclusion, patients with cardiodigestive and digestive clinical forms of CD have increased basal serum gastrin levels in comparison with controls. Moreover, we also demonstrated that H. pylori coinfection contributes to the hypergastrinemia shown in CD.

Estudo da microflora do megaesôfago chagásico

Pacientes portadores de megaesôfago chagásico foram submetidos à endoscopia digestiva alta e coleta do material com pinças e sondas especiais, em condições estéreis. Foram realizadas quatro coletas, sendo uma do líquido de estase e três fragmentos da mucosa esofagiana respectivamente a um, três e cinco centímetros da transição esôfago-gástrica (linha Z). O material foi enviado em meio de cultura aos laboratórios de microbiologia e de anatomia patológica para a identificação dos germes presentes. Posteriormente, os resultados foram correlacionados ao grau de evolução do megaesôfago segundo a classificação de Ferreira-Santos. Observou-se que é alta a incidência de germes patogênicos no megasôfago, independentemente do grau de dilatação, transformando a cirurgia para o tratamento desta afecção em potencialmente contaminada. Não houve diferença significativa quanto à positividade das culturas em relação ao grau de dilatação esofágica.

[Microflora in chagasic megaesophagus]

Chagasic patients with megaesophagus were submitted to an endoscopy of the upper digestive tract and the samples were collected with special instruments under sterilized conditions. One of the four samples collected was from the stase liquid and the other three samples were collected from fragments of the esophageal mucosa at one, three and five centimeters from the esophageal-stomach transition (Z line). The samples were analyzed by the Microbiology and Pathologic labs for the identification of microorganisms. After that, the results were correlated with the degree of mega esophagus according to Ferreira-Santos. We observed that the incidence of pathogenic microorganism is very high in megaesophagus, with no relation with the degree of dilatation making the surgery for the treatment of this affection potentially contaminated. There was no significant difference concerning the positivity of the culture relating to the degree of esophagus dilatation.