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Cardoso CS, de Carvalho FF, Gomes RC, Gianini RJ, Fanelli C, Noronha IDL, Dos Santos NB, Komatsu D, Randazzo-Moura P. New approaches to second-degree burn healing: Polyvinyl alcohol membrane loaded to arnica combined to laser therapy. J Biomater Appl 2024; 38:1058-1072. [PMID: 38470813 DOI: 10.1177/08853282241238609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Second-degree burns require greater care, as the damage is more extensive and worrisome and the use of a biomaterial can help in the cell repair process, with better planning, low cost, and better accessibility. Arnica has anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties in skin lesions treatments and laser therapy is another therapeutic alternative for burns. Evaluate the effects of arnica incorporated into PVA associated or not with low intensity laser on burns in rats. PVA and PVA with arnica (PVA+A) were obtained and characterized physicochemically. Through in vivo studies, the effects of PVA and PVA+A with or without the application of laser on the lesions allowed histological and immunohistochemical analyzes. PVA+A was biocompatible and with sustained release of the active, being a promising pharmacological tool and confirmed that laser therapy was effective in accelerating the healing process, due to its potential biomodulator, improving inflammatory aspects, promoting rapid healing in skin lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Silva Cardoso
- Program of Postgraduate in Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo (PUC-SP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Filipe Feitosa de Carvalho
- Program of Postgraduate in Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo (PUC-SP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo César Gomes
- Biomaterials Laboratory, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo (PUC-SP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Reinaldo José Gianini
- Program of Postgraduate in Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo (PUC-SP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Camilla Fanelli
- Laboratory of Cellular, Genetic, and Molecular Nephrology, Renal Division, University of São Paulo Medical School (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Irene de Lourdes Noronha
- Laboratory of Cellular, Genetic, and Molecular Nephrology, Renal Division, University of São Paulo Medical School (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nelson Brancaccio Dos Santos
- Biomaterials Laboratory, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo (PUC-SP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniel Komatsu
- Program of Postgraduate in Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo (PUC-SP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Priscila Randazzo-Moura
- Program of Postgraduate in Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo (PUC-SP), São Paulo, Brazil
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Castro LUC, Otsuki DA, Sanches TR, Souza FL, Santinho MAR, da Silva C, Noronha IDL, Duarte-Neto AN, Gomes SA, Malbouisson LMS, Andrade L. Terlipressin combined with conservative fluid management attenuates hemorrhagic shock-induced acute kidney injury in rats. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20443. [PMID: 36443404 PMCID: PMC9705717 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24982-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemorrhagic shock (HS), a major cause of trauma-related mortality, is mainly treated by crystalloid fluid administration, typically with lactated Ringer's (LR). Despite beneficial hemodynamic effects, such as the restoration of mean arterial pressure (MAP), LR administration has major side effects, including organ damage due to edema. One strategy to avoid such effects is pre-hospitalization intravenous administration of the potent vasoconstrictor terlipressin, which can restore hemodynamic stability/homeostasis and has anti-inflammatory effects. Wistar rats were subjected to HS for 60 min, at a target MAP of 30-40 mmHg, thereafter being allocated to receive LR infusion at 3 times the volume of the blood withdrawn (liberal fluid management); at 2 times the volume (conservative fluid management), plus terlipressin (10 µg/100 g body weight); and at an equal volume (conservative fluid management), plus terlipressin (10 µg/100 g body weight). A control group comprised rats not subjected to HS and receiving no fluid resuscitation or treatment. At 15 min after fluid resuscitation/treatment, the blood previously withdrawn was reinfused. At 24 h after HS, MAP was higher among the terlipressin-treated animals. Terlipressin also improved post-HS survival and provided significant improvements in glomerular/tubular function (creatinine clearance), neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin expression, fractional excretion of sodium, aquaporin 2 expression, tubular injury, macrophage infiltration, interleukin 6 levels, interleukin 18 levels, and nuclear factor kappa B expression. In terlipressin-treated animals, there was also significantly higher angiotensin II type 1 receptor expression and normalization of arginine vasopressin 1a receptor expression. Terlipressin associated with conservative fluid management could be a viable therapy for HS-induced acute kidney injury, likely attenuating such injury by modulating the inflammatory response via the arginine vasopressin 1a receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Urbano Cardoso Castro
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722Laboratory of Basic Science in Renal Diseases, Division of Nephrology, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, 3º Andar, sala 3310, São Paulo, SP CEP 01246-903 Brazil
| | - Denise Aya Otsuki
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Division of Anesthesiology, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Talita Rojas Sanches
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722Laboratory of Basic Science in Renal Diseases, Division of Nephrology, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, 3º Andar, sala 3310, São Paulo, SP CEP 01246-903 Brazil
| | - Felipe Lima Souza
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722Laboratory of Cellular, Genetic, and Molecular Nephrology, Renal Division, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mirela Aparecida Rodrigues Santinho
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722Laboratory of Basic Science in Renal Diseases, Division of Nephrology, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, 3º Andar, sala 3310, São Paulo, SP CEP 01246-903 Brazil
| | - Cleonice da Silva
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722Laboratory of Cellular, Genetic, and Molecular Nephrology, Renal Division, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Irene de Lourdes Noronha
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722Laboratory of Cellular, Genetic, and Molecular Nephrology, Renal Division, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Amaro Nunes Duarte-Neto
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722Department of Pathology, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Samirah Abreu Gomes
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722Laboratory of Cellular, Genetic, and Molecular Nephrology, Renal Division, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz-Marcelo Sá Malbouisson
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Division of Anesthesiology, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucia Andrade
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722Laboratory of Basic Science in Renal Diseases, Division of Nephrology, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, 3º Andar, sala 3310, São Paulo, SP CEP 01246-903 Brazil
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de Sandes-Freitas TV, Cristelli MP, Requião-Moura LR, Modelli de Andrade LG, Viana LA, Garcia VD, de Oliveira CMC, Esmeraldo RDM, de Lima PR, Charpiot IMMF, Ferreira TCA, Franco RF, Costa KMAH, Simão DR, Ferreira GF, Santana VBBDM, Almeida RAMDB, Deboni LM, Saldanha ALDR, Noronha IDL, de Oliveira LC, de Carvalho DDBM, Oriá RB, Medina-Pestana JO, Tedesco-Silva Junior H. Temporal Reduction in COVID-19-Associated Fatality Among Kidney Transplant Recipients: The Brazilian COVID-19 Registry Cohort Study. Transpl Int 2022; 35:10205. [PMID: 35185380 PMCID: PMC8842378 DOI: 10.3389/ti.2022.10205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Data from the general population suggest that fatality rates declined during the course of the pandemic. This analysis, using data extracted from the Brazilian Kidney Transplant COVID-19 Registry, seeks to determine fatality rates over time since the index case on March 3rd, 2020. Data from hospitalized patients with RT-PCR positive SARS-CoV-2 infection from March to August 2020 (35 sites, 878 patients) were compared using trend tests according to quartiles (Q1: <72 days; Q2: 72–104 days; Q3: 105–140 days; Q4: >140 days after the index case). The 28-day fatality decreased from 29.5% (Q1) to 18.8% (Q4) (pfor-trend = 0.004). In multivariable analysis, patients diagnosed in Q4 showed a 35% reduced risk of death. The trend of reducing fatality was associated with a lower number of comorbidities (20.7–10.6%, pfor-trend = 0.002), younger age (55–53 years, pfor-trend = 0.062), and better baseline renal function (43.6–47.7 ml/min/1.73 m2, pfor-trend = 0.060), and were confirmed by multivariable analysis. The proportion of patients presenting dyspnea (pfor-trend = 0.001) and hypoxemia (pfor-trend < 0.001) at diagnosis, and requiring intensive care was also found reduced (pfor-trend = 0.038). Despite possible confounding variables and time-dependent sampling differences, we conclude that COVID-19-associated fatality decreased over time. Differences in demographics, clinical presentation, and treatment options might be involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tainá Veras de Sandes-Freitas
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas, Departamento de Medicina Clínica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil.,Hospital Universitário Walter Cantídio, Fortaleza, Brazil.,Hospital Geral de Fortaleza, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | | | - Lucio Roberto Requião-Moura
- Hospital do Rim, Fundção Oswaldo Ramos, São Paulo, Brazil.,Departamento de Medicina, Divisão de Nefrologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Unidade de Transplante Renal, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Paula Roberta de Lima
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas, Departamento de Medicina Clínica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | | | | | - Rodrigo Fontanive Franco
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Irene de Lourdes Noronha
- Hospital Beneficência Portuguesa de São Paulo (BP), São Paulo, Brazil.,Divisão de Nefrologia, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lívia Cláudio de Oliveira
- Unidade de Transplantes, Hospital Universitário de Brasília, Universidade de Brasília (UnB), Brasília, Brazil
| | | | - Reinaldo Barreto Oriá
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas, Departamento de Medicina Clínica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Jose Osmar Medina-Pestana
- Hospital do Rim, Fundção Oswaldo Ramos, São Paulo, Brazil.,Departamento de Medicina, Divisão de Nefrologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Helio Tedesco-Silva Junior
- Hospital do Rim, Fundção Oswaldo Ramos, São Paulo, Brazil.,Departamento de Medicina, Divisão de Nefrologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Arai RJ, de Lourdes Noronha I, Nicolau JC, Schmidt C, de Albuquerque GM, Mahaffey KW, Krieger EM, Júnior JOCA. Academic health centers: integration of clinical research with healthcare and education. Comments on a workshop. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2018; 73:e515s. [PMID: 30281697 PMCID: PMC6131216 DOI: 10.6061/clinics/2017/e515s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Jun Arai
- Instituto do Cancer do Estado de São Paulo (ICESP), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
- Comissão de Facilitação de Pesquisa Clínica, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
- *Corresponding author. E-mail:
| | - Irene de Lourdes Noronha
- Comissão de Facilitação de Pesquisa Clínica, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
- Laboratório de Nefrologia Celular, Genética e Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
| | - José Carlos Nicolau
- Comissão de Facilitação de Pesquisa Clínica, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
- Instituto do Coração, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
| | - Charles Schmidt
- Comissão de Facilitação de Pesquisa Clínica, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
- Instituto Central, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
| | - Gustavo Moreira de Albuquerque
- Instituto do Cancer do Estado de São Paulo (ICESP), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
| | - Kenneth W Mahaffey
- Stanford Center for Clinical Research, Stanford University, California, USA
| | - Eduardo Moacyr Krieger
- Instituto do Coração, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
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de Souza Moreira R, Irigoyen MCC, Gutierrez PS, de Lourdes Noronha I, Capcha JMC, Sanches TR, Guarnica MR, da Conceição Andrade L. Protective effect of the apo A-I 4F on cardiac and renal injury induced by acute myocardial infarction in hypercholesterolemic rats receiving iodinated contrast. J Crit Care 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2017.09.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Rodrigues CE, Capcha JMC, de Bragança AC, Sanches TR, Gouveia PQ, de Oliveira PAF, Malheiros DMAC, Volpini RA, Santinho MAR, Santana BAA, Calado RDT, Noronha IDL, Andrade L. Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stromal cells protect against premature renal senescence resulting from oxidative stress in rats with acute kidney injury. Stem Cell Res Ther 2017; 8:19. [PMID: 28129785 PMCID: PMC5273809 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-017-0475-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) represent an option for the treatment of acute kidney injury (AKI). It is known that young stem cells are better than are aged stem cells at reducing the incidence of the senescent phenotype in the kidneys. The objective of this study was to determine whether AKI leads to premature, stress-induced senescence, as well as whether human umbilical cord-derived MSCs (huMSCs) can prevent ischaemia/reperfusion injury (IRI)-induced renal senescence in rats. Methods By clamping both renal arteries for 45 min, we induced IRI in male rats. Six hours later, some rats received 1 × 106 huMSCs or human adipose-derived MSCs (aMSCs) intraperitoneally. Rats were euthanised and studied on post-IRI days 2, 7 and 49. Results On post-IRI day 2, the kidneys of huMSC-treated rats showed improved glomerular filtration, better tubular function and higher expression of aquaporin 2, as well as less macrophage infiltration. Senescence-related proteins (β-galactosidase, p21Waf1/Cip1, p16INK4a and transforming growth factor beta 1) and microRNAs (miR-29a and miR-34a) were overexpressed after IRI and subsequently downregulated by the treatment. The IRI-induced pro-oxidative state and reduction in Klotho expression were both reversed by the treatment. In comparison with huMSC treatment, the treatment with aMSCs improved renal function to a lesser degree, as well as resulting in a less pronounced increase in the renal expression of Klotho and manganese superoxide dismutase. Treatment with huMSCs ameliorated long-term kidney function after IRI, minimised renal fibrosis, decreased β-galactosidase expression and increased the expression of Klotho. Conclusions Our data demonstrate that huMSCs attenuate the inflammatory and oxidative stress responses occurring in AKI, as well as reducing the expression of senescence-related proteins and microRNAs. Our findings broaden perspectives for the treatment of AKI. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13287-017-0475-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Eleuterio Rodrigues
- Division of Nephrology, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, 01246-903, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - José Manuel Condor Capcha
- Division of Nephrology, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, 01246-903, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina de Bragança
- Division of Nephrology, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, 01246-903, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Talita Rojas Sanches
- Division of Nephrology, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, 01246-903, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Priscila Queiroz Gouveia
- Division of Nephrology, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, 01246-903, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Rildo Aparecido Volpini
- Division of Nephrology, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, 01246-903, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Bárbara Amélia Aparecida Santana
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Haematology, University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, 14049-900, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo do Tocantins Calado
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Haematology, University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, 14049-900, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Irene de Lourdes Noronha
- Division of Nephrology, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, 01246-903, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lúcia Andrade
- Division of Nephrology, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, 01246-903, São Paulo, Brazil
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Carpio VN, Noronha IDL, Martins HL, Jobim LF, Gil BC, Külzer AS, Loreto MDS, Gonçalves LFS, Manfro RC, Veronese FV. Expression patterns of B cells in acute kidney transplant rejection. EXP CLIN TRANSPLANT 2014; 12:405-414. [PMID: 25299368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate B-cell expression patterns and association with function and survival in dysfunctional kidney allografts. MATERIALS AND METHODS There were 110 kidney transplant recipients included who had for-cause biopsies. Demographic and transplant data were collected. Immunostaining for B cells, plasma cells, and C4d was performed by the immunoperoxidase technique in paraffin-embedded samples. Circulating antihuman leukocyte antigen donor-specific antibodies were detected in a single-antigen assay at biopsy. The main outcomes were kidney graft survival and function. The patients were evaluated in 3 groups according to the Banff classification: no rejection (40 patients), T-cell-mediated rejection (50 patients), and antibody-mediated rejection (20 patients). RESULTS The CD138-positive plasma cell-rich infiltrates predominated in antibody-mediated rejection and were associated with stronger reactivity against panel antibodies (r = 0.41; P ≤ .001) and positive donor-specific antibodies (r = 0.32; P ≤ .006). The CD20-positive lymphocytes were associated with T-cell-mediated rejection, increased human leukocyte antigen mismatch, and frequency of retransplant. The CD138-positive cell infiltrates also were significantly greater in patients who had late than early rejection. There was no correlation between cellular CD20 and CD138 expression, and neither CD20 nor CD138 predicted worse graft function or survival. Other markers of antibody-mediated rejection such as C4d and donor-specific antibodies were associated with worse graft function and survival at 4 years after transplant. In multivariate analysis, C4d was the only risk factor associated with graft loss. CONCLUSIONS After kidney transplant, CD20-positive B-cell infiltrates were associated with T-cell-mediated rejection, and CD138-positive plasma cells were associated with antibody-mediated rejection. Graft loss was associated with the presence of C4d.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virna Nowotny Carpio
- From the Postgraduate Program in Medicine/Medical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Division of Nephrology and Laboratory of Molecular Biology Applied to Nephrology, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Gomes SA, dos Reis LM, de Oliveira IB, Noronha IDL, Jorgetti V, Heilberg IP. Usefulness of a quick decalcification of bone sections embedded in methyl methacrylate[corrected]: an improved method for immunohistochemistry. J Bone Miner Metab 2008; 26:110-3. [PMID: 18095073 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-007-0788-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2007] [Accepted: 06/29/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Immunohistochemistry of undecalcified bone sections embedded in methyl methacrylate (MMA) is not commonly employed because of potential destruction of tissue antigenicity by highly exothermic polymerization. The aim of the present study was to describe a new technique in which a quick decalcification of bone sections embedded in MMA improves the results for immunohistochemistry. The quality of interleukin 1alpha (IL-1alpha) immunostaining according to the present method was better than the conventional one. Immunostaining for osteoprotegerin (OPG) and the receptor activator of NF-kappaB ligand (RANKL) in bone sections of chronic kidney disease patients with mineral bone disorders (CKD-MBD) was stronger than in controls (postmortem healthy subjects). The present study suggested that this method is easy, fast, and effective to perform both histomorphometry and immunohistochemistry in the same bone fragment, yielding new insights into pathophysiological aspects and therapeutic approaches in bone disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samirah Abreu Gomes
- Division of Nephrology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Botucatu, 740 Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP Brazil 04023-062.
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Gonçalves ARR, Fujihara CK, Mattar AL, Malheiros DMAC, Noronha IDL, de Nucci G, Zatz R. Renal expression of COX-2, ANG II, and AT1 receptor in remnant kidney: strong renoprotection by therapy with losartan and a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2003; 286:F945-54. [PMID: 15075190 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00238.2003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic renal injury can be mediated by angiotensin II (ANG II) and prostanoids through hemodynamic and inflammatory mechanisms and attenuated by individual suppression of these mediators. In rats with (5/6) renal ablation (Nx), we investigated 1) the intrarenal distribution of COX-2, ANG II, and the AT(1) receptor (AT(1)R); 2) the renoprotective and antiinflammatory effects of an association between the AT(1)R blocker, losartan (Los), and the gastric sparing anti-inflammatory nitroflurbiprofen (NOF). Adult male Munich-Wistar rats underwent Nx or sham operation (S), remaining untreated for 30 days, after which renal structure was examined in 12 Nx rats (Nx(pre)). The remaining rats were followed during an additional 90 days, distributed among 4 treatment groups: Nx(V) (vehicle), Nx(Los) (Los), Nx(NOF) (NOF), and Nx(Los/NOF) (Los/NOF). Nx(pre) rats exhibited marked albuminuria, hypertension, glomerulosclerosis, interstitial expansion, and macrophage infiltration, accompanied by abnormal glomerular, vascular, and interstitial COX-2 expression. ANG II appeared in interstitial cells, in contrast to S, in which ANG II was virtually confined to afferent arterioles. Intrarenal AT(1)R distribution shifted from mostly tubular in S to predominantly interstitial in Nx(pre). All these changes were aggravated at 120 days and attenuated by Los and NOF monotherapies. Los/NOF treatment arrested renal structural injury and ANG II expression and reversed hypertension, albuminuria, and renal inflammation. In conclusion, abnormal expression of COX-2, ANG II, and AT(1)R may be key to development of renal injury in Nx. Concomitant COX-2 inhibition and AT(1)R blockade arrested renal injury and may represent a useful strategy in the treatment of chronic nephropathies.
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Fujihara CK, Mattar AL, Vieira JM, Malheiros DMAC, Noronha IDL, Gonçalves ARR, De Nucci G, Zatz R. Evidence for the existence of two distinct functions for the inducible NO synthase in the rat kidney: effect of aminoguanidine in rats with 5/6 ablation. J Am Soc Nephrol 2002; 13:2278-87. [PMID: 12191972 DOI: 10.1097/01.asn.0000027354.12330.f4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The functional role of the NO synthase (NOS) isoforms in the normal or diseased kidney is uncertain. This study examined the renal expression of the endothelial (eNOS), neuronal (nNOS), and inducible (iNOS) isoforms by both immunohistochemistry and Western blot analyses in sham-operated rats (S) and in rats subjected to 5/6 nephrectomy (Nx). Primary antibodies from two different sources were used to detect iNOS. Additional S and Nx rats were chronically treated with aminoguanidine (AG), a selective iNOS inhibitor. All three isoforms were clearly expressed in S kidney. Their renal abundance, evaluated by Western blot analysis, fell in Nx rats. With the use of anti-iNOS antibodies from two distinct sources, the immunohistochemical analysis showed the presence of what appeared to be two distinct iNOS fractions: a "tubular" fraction, present in S and with decreased intensity in Nx; and an "interstitial" fraction, observed only in inflamed areas of Nx rats. AG treatment greatly attenuated renal injury in Nx rats by a direct antiinflammatory effect, likely related to iNOS inhibition, rather than to amelioration of renal hemodynamics or to reduced protein glycation. These observations suggest that: (1) the functional role of the renal iNOS isoform may vary dramatically under different physiologic conditions; (2) caution should be taken in the interpretation of immunohistochemical iNOS data, because antibodies from different sources may detect different iNOS fractions; and (3) AG treatment may become useful in the treatment of human progressive nephropathies, even those not associated with diabetes or aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarice Kazue Fujihara
- Renal Division, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Fujihara CK, Avancini Costa Malheiros DM, de Lourdes Noronha I, De Nucci G, Zatz R. Mycophenolate Mofetil Reduces Renal Injury in the Chronic Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibition Model. Hypertension 2001; 37:170-175. [PMID: 11208773 DOI: 10.1161/01.hyp.37.1.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
-We and others have recently shown that mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) reduces renal inflammation and glomerular and interstitial injury in the 5/6 renal ablation model. In the present study, we investigated whether MMF limits renal injury in a model of chronic nitric oxide (NO) inhibition associated with a high-salt diet and characterized by progressive systemic hypertension, albuminuria, glomerular sclerosis and ischemia, interstitial expansion, and progressive macrophage infiltration. Adult male Münich-Wistar rats were distributed among 3 groups: HS, rats receiving a high-salt diet (3.2% Na); HS+N, HS rats orally treated with the NO inhibitor N(omega)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), 25 mg. kg(-1). d(-1); and HS+N+MMF, HS+N rats orally treated with MMF, 10 mg. kg(-1). d(-1). Renal hemodynamics were studied after 15 days of treatment; histological and immunohistochemical studies were conducted after 30 days of treatment. MMF treatment did not reverse the hemodynamic alterations characteristic of this model. Renal injury in the HS+N group was associated with macrophage and lymphocyte infiltration. Treatment with MMF reduced glomerular and interstitial injury and limited macrophage and lymphocyte infiltration. These results suggest that renal inflammation is a strong independent factor in the pathogenesis of the nephropathy associated with the HS+N model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarice Kazue Fujihara
- Renal Division, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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