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Halewood M, Jamora N, Noriega IL, Anglin NL, Wenzl P, Payne T, Ndjiondjop MN, Guarino L, Kumar PL, Yazbek M, Muchugi A, Azevedo V, Tchamba M, Jones CS, Venuprasad R, Roux N, Rojas E, Lusty C. Germplasm Acquisition and Distribution by CGIAR Genebanks. Plants (Basel) 2020; 9:plants9101296. [PMID: 33019539 PMCID: PMC7601315 DOI: 10.3390/plants9101296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The international collections of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture (PGRFA) hosted by 11 CGIAR Centers are important components of the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization's global system of conservation and use of PGRFA. They also play an important supportive role in realizing Target 2.5 of the Sustainable Development Goals. This paper analyzes CGIAR genebanks' trends in acquiring and distributing PGRFA over the last 35 years, with a particular focus on the last decade. The paper highlights a number of factors influencing the Centers' acquisition of new PGRFA to include in the international collections, including increased capacity to analyze gaps in those collections and precisely target new collecting missions, availability of financial resources, and the state of international and national access and benefit-sharing laws and phytosanitary regulations. Factors contributing to Centers' distributions of PGRFA included the extent of accession-level information, users' capacity to identify the materials they want, and policies. The genebanks' rates of both acquisition and distribution increased over the last decade. The paper ends on a cautionary note concerning the potential of unresolved tensions regarding access and benefit sharing and digital genomic sequence information to undermine international cooperation to conserve and use PGRFA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Halewood
- Alliance of Bioversity International and the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (Alliance of Bioversity and CIAT), Via dei Tre Denari 472/a, 00057 Maccarese (Fiumicino) Rome, Italy; (I.L.N.); (P.W.); (N.R.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Nelissa Jamora
- Global Crop Diversity Trust (Crop Trust), Platz der Vereinten Nationen 7, 53113 Bonn, Germany; (N.J.); (L.G.); (C.L.)
| | - Isabel Lopez Noriega
- Alliance of Bioversity International and the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (Alliance of Bioversity and CIAT), Via dei Tre Denari 472/a, 00057 Maccarese (Fiumicino) Rome, Italy; (I.L.N.); (P.W.); (N.R.)
| | - Noelle L. Anglin
- International Potato Center (CIP), Av. La Molina 1895, La Molina Apartado 1558, Lima 12, Peru; (N.L.A.); (E.R.)
| | - Peter Wenzl
- Alliance of Bioversity International and the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (Alliance of Bioversity and CIAT), Via dei Tre Denari 472/a, 00057 Maccarese (Fiumicino) Rome, Italy; (I.L.N.); (P.W.); (N.R.)
| | - Thomas Payne
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Apdo. Postal 6-641, 06600 Mexico, D.F., Mexico;
| | | | - Luigi Guarino
- Global Crop Diversity Trust (Crop Trust), Platz der Vereinten Nationen 7, 53113 Bonn, Germany; (N.J.); (L.G.); (C.L.)
| | - P. Lava Kumar
- International Institute for Tropical Agriculture (IITA), PMB 5320, Ibadan 200001, Oyo State, Nigeria; (P.L.K.); (M.T.)
| | - Mariana Yazbek
- International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), P.O. Box 114/5055, Beirut, Lebanon;
| | - Alice Muchugi
- World Agroforestry (ICRAF), Box 30677, Nairobi 00100, Kenya;
| | - Vania Azevedo
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru 502 324, Telangana State, India;
| | - Marimagne Tchamba
- International Institute for Tropical Agriculture (IITA), PMB 5320, Ibadan 200001, Oyo State, Nigeria; (P.L.K.); (M.T.)
| | - Chris S. Jones
- International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Box 30709, Nairobi 00100, Kenya;
| | - Ramaiah Venuprasad
- International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Los Baños 4030, Laguna, Philippines;
| | - Nicolas Roux
- Alliance of Bioversity International and the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (Alliance of Bioversity and CIAT), Via dei Tre Denari 472/a, 00057 Maccarese (Fiumicino) Rome, Italy; (I.L.N.); (P.W.); (N.R.)
| | - Edwin Rojas
- International Potato Center (CIP), Av. La Molina 1895, La Molina Apartado 1558, Lima 12, Peru; (N.L.A.); (E.R.)
| | - Charlotte Lusty
- Global Crop Diversity Trust (Crop Trust), Platz der Vereinten Nationen 7, 53113 Bonn, Germany; (N.J.); (L.G.); (C.L.)
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Halewood M, Lopez Noriega I, Ellis D, Roa C, Rouard M, Sackville Hamilton R. Using Genomic Sequence Information to Increase Conservation and Sustainable Use of Crop Diversity and Benefit-Sharing. Biopreserv Biobank 2018; 16:368-376. [PMID: 30325667 PMCID: PMC6204560 DOI: 10.1089/bio.2018.0043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This article describes how CGIAR centers and partners are using genomic sequence information to promote the conservation and sustainable use of crop genetic diversity, and to generate and share benefits derived from those uses. The article highlights combined institutional, and benefit-sharing-related challenges that need to be addressed to support expanded use of digital sequence information in agricultural research and development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dave Ellis
- 2 International Potato Center , Lima, Peru
| | - Carolina Roa
- 3 Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical , Cali, Colombia
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