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Djaafar S, Dunand-Sautier I, Gonelle-Gispert C, Lacotte S, DE Agostini A, Petro M, Rubbia-Brandt L, Morel P, Toso C, Mentha G. Enoxaparin Attenuates Mouse Colon Cancer Liver Metastases by Inhibiting Heparanase and Interferon-γ-inducible Chemokines. Anticancer Res 2016; 36:4019-4032. [PMID: 27466508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) has been suggested to reduce the risk of cancer progression in both preclinical and clinical studies but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly explored. The aim of the study was to investigate the anti-metastatic role of enoxaparin, a clinically-used LMWH, in a murine model of colon cancer and to explore its underlying mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using a reproducible mouse model of colon carcinomas, we assessed the capacity of enoxaparin, a LMWH, to affect tumor metastasis of colon carcinoma cell lines in mice. RESULTS The hepatic growth of colon carcinoma metastases was strongly inhibited by enoxaparin compared to (Ctrl) group (p=0.001). This effect was associated to an inhibition of heparanase mRNA expression and protein production both in vivo and in vitro. In addition, enoxaparin inhibited the liver and serum production of interferon gamma (Ifnγ)-inducible chemokine receptor ligands. Overexpression of heparanase prompted proliferation, migration and growth of colon carcinoma in vitro and in vivo to a point that was not affected by enoxaparin in vivo anymore. CONCLUSION Enoxaparin decreased liver metastases in a mouse model of colon carcinoma. These results suggest that enoxaparin may benefit patients with cancer and deserves further laboratory and clinical investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souad Djaafar
- Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Isabelle Dunand-Sautier
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Geneva University Hospitals, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Carmen Gonelle-Gispert
- Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Center, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stephanie Lacotte
- Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Ariane DE Agostini
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Geneva University Hospitals, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Majno Petro
- Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Center, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Laura Rubbia-Brandt
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Geneva University Hospitals, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Morel
- Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Center, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Christian Toso
- Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Center, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Gilles Mentha
- Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Center, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
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