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Clergé A, Le Goff J, Brotin E, Abeillard E, Vaudorne I, Denoyelle C, Le Hegarat L, Delépée R. In vitro genotoxicity potential investigation of 7 oxy-PAHs. Environ Mol Mutagen 2023; 64:176-186. [PMID: 36757094 DOI: 10.1002/em.22531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Air pollutants include many compounds among them oxygenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (oxy-PAHs). As they are suspected to generate DNA damage and mutagenicity, an understanding of their mode of action could highlight a carcinogenic potential risk in exposed population. In this article, a prospective study on seven oxy-PAHs selected in terms of occurrence in the environment was conducted on mutagenicity, genotoxicity, and cytotoxicity potentials using in vitro assays including Ames test on five strains, kinetic analysis of cytotoxicity and apoptosis, phosphorylation of histone H2AX, and p53 induction assays on human lung cell line BEAS-2B. Ames test demonstrated that mutagenicity pattern depended on the oxy-PAH tested. Except for BAQ, all oxy-PAHs tested gave mutagenic effect, in the absence and/or in the presence of metabolic activation (S9 fraction). At 24 h of exposure, the majority of oxy-PAHs induced γ-H2AX in BEAS-2B cells and/or phosphorylation of p53 at serine 15 and cell death at highest tested concentrations. Although 9,10-AQ and B[b]FO were mutagenic in bacteria, they failed to induce any of the other genotoxicity biomarkers. In comparison with the benzo[a]pyrene, all oxy-PAHs were less potent in terms of genotoxic potential at the same concentration. These results highlighted the genotoxic and mutagenic potential of these oxy-PAHs and provide preliminary information concerning their possible mechanism of action for toxicity, contributing to a better evaluation of the real associated health risks for human and environment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jérémie Le Goff
- INSERM U1086 ANTICIPE (Interdisciplinary Research Unit for Cancers Prevention and Treatment), Caen, France
| | - Emilie Brotin
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PLATON Service Unit, ImpedanCELL, Caen, France
| | - Edwige Abeillard
- INSERM U1086 ANTICIPE (Interdisciplinary Research Unit for Cancers Prevention and Treatment), Caen, France
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PLATON Service Unit, ImpedanCELL, Caen, France
- Comprehensive Cancer Center François Baclesse, UNICANCER, Caen, France
| | - Isabelle Vaudorne
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PRISMM Platform, PLATON Service Unit, Caen, France
| | - Christophe Denoyelle
- INSERM U1086 ANTICIPE (Interdisciplinary Research Unit for Cancers Prevention and Treatment), Caen, France
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PLATON Service Unit, ImpedanCELL, Caen, France
- Comprehensive Cancer Center François Baclesse, UNICANCER, Caen, France
| | - Ludovic Le Hegarat
- Anses, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Fougeres Laboratory, Toxicology of Contaminant Unit, Fougères, France
| | - Raphaël Delépée
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, UNIROUEN, ABTE, Caen, France
- Comprehensive Cancer Center François Baclesse, UNICANCER, Caen, France
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PRISMM Platform, PLATON Service Unit, Caen, France
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Clergé A, Le Goff J, Lopez-Piffet C, Meier S, Lagadu S, Vaudorne I, Babin V, Cailly T, Delépée R. Investigation by mass spectrometry and 32P post-labelling of DNA adducts formation from 1,2-naphthoquinone, an oxydated metabolite of naphthalene. Chemosphere 2021; 263:128079. [PMID: 33297078 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Naphthalene is the simplest representative of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). It is detected as major pollutant in the different compartments of the environment. This compound is considered by the international agency for research on cancer (IARC), the specialized cancer agency of the World Health Organisation (WHO), as a possible carcinogenic (group 2B) since 2002, mainly based on studies on chronic inhalation in rodent by the national toxicology program of the U.S. department of health and human services. In humans, its main metabolites correspond to derivatives substituted in position and 1 and 2 as 1,2-naphthoquinone (1,2-NphQ). Based on previous studies, 1,2-NphQ is supposed to react with DNA to form mostly depurinating adducts, a possible initiating step of carcinogenicity. To confirm this potentiality, adducts were synthetized by the reaction of 1,2-NphQ with 2'-deoxyguanosine (2'-dG) in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), water and calf thymus DNA. 2'-dG adducts were analyzed by 32P post-labelling, HPLC with ultra-violet detection and ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). We found stable DNA adducts detected in DNA. We proposed a formation mechanism by a 1,4-Michael addition with 2'-dG. Adducts with 2'-deoxyxanthosine are formed after a spontaneous deamination of 2'-dG. These adducts are good candidates as biomarkers allowing evaluation of exposure to naphthalene and its derivatives in the development of pathologies such as cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeline Clergé
- Normandy University, UNICAEN, UNIROUEN, ABTE, Caen, France.
| | | | - Claire Lopez-Piffet
- Normandy University, UNICAEN, UNIROUEN, ABTE, Caen, France; Normandy University, UNICAEN, PRISMM Platform ICORE, Caen, France
| | | | - Stéphanie Lagadu
- Normandy University, UNICAEN, UNIROUEN, ABTE, Caen, France; Normandy University, UNICAEN, PRISMM Platform ICORE, Caen, France; Comprehensive Cancer Center François Baclesse, UNICANCER, Caen, France
| | - Isabelle Vaudorne
- Normandy University, UNICAEN, UNIROUEN, ABTE, Caen, France; Normandy University, UNICAEN, PRISMM Platform ICORE, Caen, France; Comprehensive Cancer Center François Baclesse, UNICANCER, Caen, France
| | - Victor Babin
- Normandy University, UNICAEN, Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche sur le Médicament de Normandie (CERMN), 14000, Caen, France
| | - Thomas Cailly
- Normandy University, UNICAEN, Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche sur le Médicament de Normandie (CERMN), 14000, Caen, France; Normandy University, UNICAEN, IMOGERE, Caen, France; Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Côte de Nacre, Caen, France
| | - Raphaël Delépée
- Normandy University, UNICAEN, UNIROUEN, ABTE, Caen, France; Normandy University, UNICAEN, PRISMM Platform ICORE, Caen, France; Comprehensive Cancer Center François Baclesse, UNICANCER, Caen, France.
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