Porto TS, Medeiros da Silva IG, de Freitas Vallerini B, Fernando de Goes M. Different surface treatment strategies on etchable CAD-CAM materials: Part 1-Effect on the surface morphology.
J Prosthet Dent 2023;
130:761-769. [PMID:
35094771 DOI:
10.1016/j.prosdent.2021.10.020]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
Polymer-based computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) materials have either a high content of ceramic filler particles or a ceramic network structure. Proper etching of these materials is challenging. Therefore, it is relevant to assess different surface etching strategies and morphological alterations as a result of these techniques.
PURPOSE
The purpose of this 2-part in vitro study was to evaluate different etching strategies on the surface roughness and its relationship to the surface contact angle with a subsequent morphological characterization of different CAD-CAM materials.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Two CAD-CAM polymer-based materials and 1 CAD-CAM ceramic material were selected for this study. The materials were treated with different strategies, including a combination of airborne-particle abrasion and an application of 9% hydrofluoric acid etching. After the surface treatment, roughness measurements (Sa) were assessed by using an optical profilometer on an area of 1.47 mm2. Subsequently, the contact angle on the surface was examined by means of the sessile drop technique and an optical contact angle meter. The data were analyzed by using a 2-way analysis of variance, the post hoc Tukey test (α=.05), and the Pearson correlation coefficient.
RESULTS
The 3 materials tested showed an increase in surface roughness when treated with surface airborne-particle abrasion. However, the materials with polymer in their composition concomitantly increased the contact angle. More hydrophilic surfaces were observed when hydrofluoric acid was applied, regardless of the composition of the materials. The surface roughness presented a strong positive linear tendency in the surface treatments used.
CONCLUSIONS
The application of airborne-particle abrasion on the surface of the polymer-based CAD-CAM materials increased the roughness and contact angle. However, the application of acid etching after the airborne-particle abrasion decreased the contact angle for polymer-based CAD-CAM materials, resulting in considerable enhancement of the surface quality for proper bonding.
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