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Machado MAM, Chapartegui-González I, Castro VS, Figueiredo EEDS, Conte-Junior CA, Torres AG. Biofilm-producing Escherichia coli O104:H4 overcomes bile salts toxicity by expressing virulence and resistance proteins. Lett Appl Microbiol 2024; 77:ovae032. [PMID: 38573831 DOI: 10.1093/lambio/ovae032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
We investigated bile salts' ability to induce phenotypic changes in biofilm production and protein expression of pathogenic Escherichia coli strains. For this purpose, 82 pathogenic E. coli strains isolated from humans (n = 70), and animals (n = 12), were examined for their ability to form biofilms in the presence or absence of bile salts. We also identified bacterial proteins expressed in response to bile salts using sodium dodecyl-sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-electrophoresis) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Lastly, we evaluated the ability of these strains to adhere to Caco-2 epithelial cells in the presence of bile salts. Regarding biofilm formation, two strains isolated from an outbreak in Republic of Georgia in 2009 were the only ones that showed a high and moderate capacity to form biofilm in the presence of bile salts. Further, we observed that those isolates, when in the presence of bile salts, expressed different proteins identified as outer membrane proteins (i.e. OmpC), and resistance to adverse growth conditions (i.e. F0F1, HN-S, and L7/L12). We also found that these isolates exhibited high adhesion to epithelial cells in the presence of bile salts. Together, these results contribute to the phenotypic characterization of E. coli O104: H4 strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxsueli Aparecida Moura Machado
- Food Science Program (PPGCAL), Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil
- Center for Food Analysis (NAL), Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitaria, Rio de Janeiro 21941-598, RJ, Brazil
- Laboratory of Advanced Analysis in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (LAABBM), Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitaria, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, RJ, Brazil
| | - Itziar Chapartegui-González
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB), Galveston, TX 77555, United States
| | - Vinicius Silva Castro
- Animal Science Program (PPGCA). Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiabá, Mato Grosso 78060-900, Brazil
- Nutrition, Food and Metabolism Program (PPGNAM). Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiabá, Mato Grosso 78060-900, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Eustáquio de Souza Figueiredo
- Animal Science Program (PPGCA). Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiabá, Mato Grosso 78060-900, Brazil
- Nutrition, Food and Metabolism Program (PPGNAM). Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiabá, Mato Grosso 78060-900, Brazil
| | - Carlos Adam Conte-Junior
- Food Science Program (PPGCAL), Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil
- Center for Food Analysis (NAL), Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitaria, Rio de Janeiro 21941-598, RJ, Brazil
- Laboratory of Advanced Analysis in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (LAABBM), Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitaria, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, RJ, Brazil
| | - Alfredo G Torres
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB), Galveston, TX 77555, United States
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Khakhum N, Baruch-Torres N, Stockton JL, Chapartegui-González I, Badten AJ, Adam A, Wang T, Huerta-Saquero A, Yin YW, Torres AG. Decoration of Burkholderia Hcp1 protein to virus-like particles as a vaccine delivery platform. Infect Immun 2024; 92:e0001924. [PMID: 38353543 PMCID: PMC10929448 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00019-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Virus-like particles (VLPs) are protein-based nanoparticles frequently used as carriers in conjugate vaccine platforms. VLPs have been used to display foreign antigens for vaccination and to deliver immunotherapy against diseases. Hemolysin-coregulated proteins 1 (Hcp1) is a protein component of the Burkholderia type 6 secretion system, which participates in intracellular invasion and dissemination. This protein has been reported as a protective antigen and is used in multiple vaccine candidates with various platforms against melioidosis, a severe infectious disease caused by the intracellular pathogen Burkholderia pseudomallei. In this study, we used P22 VLPs as a surface platform for decoration with Hcp1 using chemical conjugation. C57BL/6 mice were intranasally immunized with three doses of either PBS, VLPs, or conjugated Hcp1-VLPs. Immunization with Hcp1-VLPs formulation induced Hcp1-specific IgG, IgG1, IgG2c, and IgA antibody responses. Furthermore, the serum from Hcp1-VLPs immunized mice enhanced the bacterial uptake and opsonophagocytosis by macrophages in the presence of complement. This study demonstrated an alternative strategy to develop a VLPs-based vaccine platform against Burkholderia species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nittaya Khakhum
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Noe Baruch-Torres
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sealy Center for Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Jacob L. Stockton
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Alexander J. Badten
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
- Institute for Translational Sciences, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Awadalkareem Adam
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Tian Wang
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Alejandro Huerta-Saquero
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
- Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico
| | - Y. Whitney Yin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sealy Center for Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Alfredo G. Torres
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
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Bowser S, Melton-Celsa A, Chapartegui-González I, Torres AG. Efficacy of EHEC gold nanoparticle vaccines evaluated with the Shiga toxin-producing Citrobacter rodentium mouse model. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0226123. [PMID: 38047703 PMCID: PMC10783022 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02261-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) remains an important cause of diarrheal disease and complications worldwide, especially in children, yet there are no available vaccines for human use. Inadequate pre-clinical evaluation due to inconsistent animal models remains a major barrier to novel vaccine development. We demonstrate the usefulness of Stx2d-producing Citrobacter rodentium in assessing vaccine effectiveness because it more closely recapitulates human disease caused by EHEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Bowser
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Angela Melton-Celsa
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Itziar Chapartegui-González
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Alfredo G. Torres
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
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Huerta-Saquero A, Chapartegui-González I, Bowser S, Khakhum N, Stockton JL, Torres AG. P22-Based Nanovaccines against Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli. Microbiol Spectr 2023:e0473422. [PMID: 36943089 PMCID: PMC10100862 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.04734-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) is an important causative agent of diarrhea in humans that causes outbreaks worldwide. Efforts have been made to mitigate the morbidity and mortality caused by these microorganisms; however, the global incidence is still high, causing hundreds of deaths per year. Several vaccine candidates have been evaluated that demonstrate some stability and therapeutic potential but have limited overarching effect. Virus-like particles have been used successfully as nanocontainers for the targeted delivery of drugs, proteins, or nucleic acids. In this study, phage P22 nanocontainers were used as a carrier for the highly antigenic T3SS structural protein EscC that is conserved between EHEC and other enteropathogenic bacteria. We were able to stably incorporate the EscC protein into P22 nanocontainers. The EscC-P22 particles were used to intranasally inoculate mice, which generated specific antibodies against EscC. These antibodies increased the phagocytic activity of murine macrophages infected with EHEC in vitro and reduced bacterial adherence to Caco-2 epithelial cells in vitro, illustrating their functionality. The EscC-P22-based particles are a potential nanovaccine candidate for immunization against EHEC O157:H7 infections. IMPORTANCE This study describes the initial attempt to use P22 viral-like particles as nanocontainers expressing enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) proteins that are immunogenic and could be used as effective vaccines against EHEC infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Huerta-Saquero
- Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ensenada, Baja California, México
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Sarah Bowser
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Nittaya Khakhum
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Jacob L Stockton
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Alfredo G Torres
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
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Lázaro-Díez M, Chapartegui-González I, Suberbiola B, Ocejo-Vinyals JG, López-Hoyos M, Ramos-Vivas J. Gene expression profiling in human neutrophils after infection with Acinetobacter baumannii in vitro. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0242674. [PMID: 33253325 PMCID: PMC7703911 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii is a Gram negative nosocomial pathogen that has acquired increasing worldwide notoriety due to its high antibiotic resistance range and mortality rates in hospitalized patients. Therefore, it is necessary to better understand key aspects of A. baumannii pathogenesis such as host-pathogen interactions. In this report, we analyzed both gene expression and cytokine production by human neutrophils infected with A. baumannii. Our assays reveal a proinflammatory response of neutrophils after A. baumannii infection, since intracellular transcription of effector proteins such as COX-2, transcription factors, and proinflammatory cytokines resulted significantly upregulated in neutrophils infected by A. baumannii, compared with unstimulated human neutrophils. Translation and release of CXCL-8, IL-1β and TNF-α by neutrophils was confirmed by protein quantification in culture supernatants. Results obtained in this report reinforce the importance of human neutrophils in controlling A. baumannii infections but also emphasize the proinflammatory nature of these host-pathogen interactions as a target for future immunomodulatory therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Lázaro-Díez
- Health Research Institute Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, UCSD, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Itziar Chapartegui-González
- Health Research Institute Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, UTMB, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Borja Suberbiola
- Health Research Institute Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
- Intensive Care Department, University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain
| | | | - Marcos López-Hoyos
- Health Research Institute Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
- Immunology Department, University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain
| | - José Ramos-Vivas
- Health Research Institute Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
- Spanish Network for Research in Infectious Diseases (REIPI), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail:
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Ramos-Vivas J, Chapartegui-González I, Fernández-Martínez M, González-Rico C, Barrett J, Fortún J, Escudero R, Marco F, Linares L, Nieto J, Aranzamendi M, Muñoz P, Valerio M, Aguado JM, Chaves F, Gracia-Ahufinger I, Paez-Vega A, Martínez-Martínez L, Fariñas MC. Adherence to Human Colon Cells by Multidrug Resistant Enterobacterales Strains Isolated From Solid Organ Transplant Recipients With a Focus on Citrobacter freundii. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:447. [PMID: 33042855 PMCID: PMC7525035 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Enterobacteria species are common causes of hospital-acquired infections, which are associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. Immunocompromised patients such as solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients are especially at risk because they are frequently exposed to antibiotics in the course of their treatments. In this work, we used a collection of 106 Escherichia coli, 78 Klebsiella pneumoniae, 25 Enterobacter spp., and 24 Citrobacter spp. multidrug resistant strains isolated from transplant patients (hepatic, renal or renal/pancreatic) in order to examine their ability to adhere in vitro to HT-29 human colon cells, and to determine if some adhesive characteristics are associated with prevalence and persistence of these strains. A total of 33 E. coli (31%), 21 K. pneumoniae (27%), 7 Enterobacter spp. (28%), and 5 Citrobacter spp. (21%), adhered to the colon epithelial cells. Two main adherence patterns were observed in the four species analyzed, diffuse adherence, and aggregative adherence. Under transmission electronic microscopy (TEM), most bacteria lacked visible fimbria on their surface, despite their strong adherence to epithelial cells. None of the strains studied was able to induce any cytotoxic effect on HT-29 cells although some of them strongly colonizing both cells and glass coverslips at high density. Some of the strains failed to adhere to the epithelial cells but adhered strongly to the cover-slide, which shows that microscopy studies are mandatory to elucidate the adherence of bacteria to epithelial cells in vitro, and that quantitative assays using colony forming unit (CFUs) counting need to be supplemented with pictures to determine definitively if a bacterial strain adheres or not to animal cells in vitro. We report here, for the first time, the aggregative adherence pattern of two multidrug resistant (MDR) Citrobacter freundii strains isolated from human patients; importantly, biofilm formation in Citrobacter is totally dependent on the temperature; strong biofilms were formed at room temperature (RT) but not at 37°C, which can play an important role in the colonization of hospital surfaces. In conclusion, our results show that there is a great variety of adhesion phenotypes in multidrug-resistant strains that colonize transplanted patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marta Fernández-Martínez
- Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla-IDIVAL, Santander, Spain.,Service of Microbiology, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain
| | - Claudia González-Rico
- Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla-IDIVAL, Santander, Spain.,Service of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain
| | - John Barrett
- Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla-IDIVAL, Santander, Spain.,New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jesús Fortún
- Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa Escudero
- Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francesc Marco
- Service of Microbiology, Hospital Clínic-IDIBAPS, Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Linares
- Infectious Diseases Service, Hospital Clínic-IDIBAPS, Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Nieto
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital Universitario de Cruces, Barakaldo, Spain
| | | | - Patricia Muñoz
- Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maricela Valerio
- Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose María Aguado
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Chaves
- Service of Microbiology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene Gracia-Ahufinger
- Microbiology Unit, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain.,Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain.,Department of Microbiology, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Aurora Paez-Vega
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Luis Martínez-Martínez
- Microbiology Unit, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain.,Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain.,Department of Microbiology, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - María Carmen Fariñas
- Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla-IDIVAL, Santander, Spain.,Service of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain
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Rocha DJP, Azevedo V, Brenig B, Silva A, Blom J, Ramos RT, Aguiar ERG, Chapartegui-González I, Fernández-Martínez M, Martínez-Martínez L, Pacheco LGC, Navas J. Whole-genome sequencing reveals misidentification of a multidrug-resistant urine clinical isolate as Corynebacterium urealyticum. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2020; 23:16-19. [PMID: 32777440 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2020.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Corynebacterium urealyticum is a non-diphtherial urease-producing clinically relevant corynebacterium associated with urinary tract infections. Most clinical C. urealyticum isolates are multidrug-resistant. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of C. urealyticum VH4248 isolated from a clinical urine sample at Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain, was performed to predict its antimicrobial resistance profile and to compare it with results of culture-based phenotypic antimicrobial susceptibility testing. METHODS Classical microbiological methods and VITEK® MS were used for isolation and initial identification of strain VH4248. Draft genome sequencing was performed on an Illumina HiSeq 2500 platform, followed by assembly and annotation using SPAdes and RAST. Resistance genes were identified through PATRIC, the Pathosystems Resource Integration Center. Average nucleotide identity (ANI) analysis was done using the EDGAR and OrthoANI databases. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by Etest. RESULTS Isolate VH4248 was initially identified asC. urealyticum. Its genome size is 2 261 231 bp with 64.4% GC content. Genome-based identification tools showed an average 93.7% similarity between VH4248 and C. urealyticum genomes deposited in public databases. Therefore, this isolate must be classified as Corynebacterium sp. The blaA and ermX genes as well as a class 1 integron including the aadB and sul1 genes are present in the VH4248 genome. This isolate is highly resistant to ampicillin, erythromycin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, and moderately resistant to gentamicin and kanamycin. CONCLUSIONS WGS is a powerful tool forCorynebacterium identification to species level and for detection of unusual resistance determinants, such as that encoded by the class 1 integron in isolate VH4248.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo J P Rocha
- Post-Graduate Program in Biotechnology, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador-BA, Brazil
| | - Vasco Azevedo
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte-MG, Brazil
| | - Bertram Brenig
- University of Göttingen, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Artur Silva
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Para, Belém-PA, Brazil
| | - Jochen Blom
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Justus Liebig University Gießen, Ludwigstraße 23, D-35390 Gießen, Germany
| | - Rommel T Ramos
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Para, Belém-PA, Brazil
| | - Eric R G Aguiar
- Post-Graduate Program in Biotechnology, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador-BA, Brazil
| | - Itziar Chapartegui-González
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Cantabria, Herrera Oria 2, 39011 Santander, Spain
| | | | - Luis Martínez-Martínez
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Av. Menéndez Pidal, s/n, 14004 Córdoba, Spain; Departamento de Microbiología, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus Rabanales. Edif. Severo Ochoa (C6), 14071 Córdoba, Spain; Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Av. Menéndez Pidal, s/n, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Luis G C Pacheco
- Post-Graduate Program in Biotechnology, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador-BA, Brazil
| | - Jesús Navas
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Cantabria, Herrera Oria 2, 39011 Santander, Spain.
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Khakhum N, Chapartegui-González I, Torres AG. Combating the great mimicker: latest progress in the development of Burkholderia pseudomallei vaccines. Expert Rev Vaccines 2020; 19:653-660. [PMID: 32669008 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2020.1791089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Burkholderia pseudomallei is an environmental intracellular Gram-negative bacterium that causes melioidosis, a severe infectious disease affecting humans and animals. An increase in melioidosis cases worldwide and the high mortality rate of the disease makes it a public health concern. Melioidosis is known as the 'great mimicker' because it presents with a wide range of disease manifestations. B. pseudomallei is naturally resistant to antibiotics and delay in diagnosis leads to ineffective treatment. Furthermore, there is no approved vaccine to prevent melioidosis infection in humans. Therefore, it is a priority to license a vaccine that can be used for both high-risk endemic areas and for biodefense purposes. Areas covered In this review, we have focussed on recent progress in the USA for the development and advancement of lead B. pseudomallei vaccine candidate(s) ready for testing in pre-clinical trials. Those candidates include live-attenuated vaccines, glycoconjugate vaccines, outer-membrane vesicles, and gold nanoparticle vaccines. Expert opinion Side-by-side comparison of the leading B. pseudomallei vaccine candidates will provide important information to further advance studies into pre-clinical trials. The likelihood of any of these current vaccines becoming the selected candidate that will reduce the occurrence of melioidosis worldwide is closer than ever.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nittaya Khakhum
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch , Galveston, TX, USA
| | | | - Alfredo G Torres
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch , Galveston, TX, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch , Galveston, TX, USA
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9
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Ramos-Vivas J, Chapartegui-González I, Fernández-Martínez M, González-Rico C, Fortún J, Escudero R, Marco F, Linares L, Montejo M, Aranzamendi M, Muñoz P, Valerio M, Aguado JM, Resino E, Ahufinger IG, Vega AP, Martínez-Martínez L, Fariñas MC. Biofilm formation by multidrug resistant Enterobacteriaceae strains isolated from solid organ transplant recipients. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8928. [PMID: 31222089 PMCID: PMC6586660 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45060-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients are especially at risk of developing infections by multidrug resistant bacteria (MDR). In this study, the biofilm-forming capability of 209 MDR strains (Escherichia coli n = 106, Klebsiella pneumoniae n = 78, and Enterobacter spp. n = 25) isolated from rectal swabs in the first 48 hours before or after kidney (93 patients), liver (60 patients) or kidney/pancreas transplants (5 patients) were evaluated by using a microplate assay. Thirty-nine strains were isolated before transplant and 170 strains were isolated post-transplant. Overall, 16% of E. coli strains, 73% of K. pneumoniae strains and 4% Enterobacter strains showed moderate or strong biofilm production. Nine strains isolated from infection sites after transplantation were responsible of infections in the first month. Of these, 4 K. pneumoniae, 1 E. coli and 1 Enterobacter spp. strains isolated pre-transplant or post-transplant as colonizers caused infections in the post-transplant period. Our results suggest that in vitro biofilm formation could be an important factor for adhesion to intestine and colonization in MDR K. pneumoniae strains in SOT recipients, but this factor appears to be less important for MDR E. coli and Enterobacter spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Ramos-Vivas
- Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla-IDIVAL, Avd. Cardenal Herrera Oria, 39011, Santander, Spain
| | | | - Marta Fernández-Martínez
- Service of Microbiology, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Avd. Valdecilla, 39008, Santander, Spain
| | - Claudia González-Rico
- Infectious Diseases Unit. Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain. Avd. Valdecilla, 39008, Santander, Spain
| | - Jesús Fortún
- Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Ctra. Colmenar Viejo, km. 9, 100, 28034, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa Escudero
- Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Ctra. Colmenar Viejo, km. 9, 100, 28034, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francesc Marco
- Service of Microbiology, Hospital Clínic-IDIBAPS, Universidad de Barcelona, Carrer de Villarroel, 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Linares
- Infectious Diseases Service, Hospital Clínic-IDIBAPS, Universidad de Barcelona, Carrer de Villarroel, 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel Montejo
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital Universitario Cruces, Plaza de Cruces, S/N, 48903, Baracaldo, Vizcaya, Spain
| | - Maitane Aranzamendi
- Service of Microbiology, Hospital Universitario Cruces, Plaza de Cruces, S/N, 48903, Baracaldo, Vizcaya, Spain
| | - Patricia Muñoz
- Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Calle del Dr. Esquerdo, 46, 28007, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maricela Valerio
- Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Calle del Dr. Esquerdo, 46, 28007, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose María Aguado
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Av. Córdoba, s/n, 28004, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Resino
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Av. Córdoba, s/n, 28004, Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene Gracia Ahufinger
- Service of Microbiology, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Av. Menéndez Pidal, s/n, 14004, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Aurora Paz Vega
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Av. Menéndez Pidal, s/n, 14004, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Luis Martínez-Martínez
- Service of Microbiology, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Avd. Valdecilla, 39008, Santander, Spain.,Service of Microbiology, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Av. Menéndez Pidal, s/n, 14004, Córdoba, Spain
| | - María Carmen Fariñas
- Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla-IDIVAL, Avd. Cardenal Herrera Oria, 39011, Santander, Spain. .,Infectious Diseases Unit. Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain. Avd. Valdecilla, 39008, Santander, Spain.
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Chapartegui-González I, Lázaro-Díez M, Bravo Z, Navas J, Icardo JM, Ramos-Vivas J. Acinetobacter baumannii maintains its virulence after long-time starvation. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0201961. [PMID: 30133491 PMCID: PMC6104976 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii is a cause of healthcare-associated infections. Although A. baumannii is an opportunistic pathogen, its infections are notoriously difficult to treat due to intrinsic and acquired antimicrobial resistance, often limiting effective therapeutic options. A. baumannii can survive for long periods in the hospital environment, particularly on inanimate surfaces. Such environments may act as a reservoir for cross-colonization and infection outbreaks and should be considered a substantial factor in infection control practices. Moreover, clothing of healthcare personnel and gadgets may play a role in the spread of nosocomial bacteria. A link between contamination of hospital surfaces and A. baumannii infections or between its persistence in the environment and its virulence has not yet been established. Bacteria under stress (i.e., long-term desiccation in hospital setting) could conserve factors that favor infection. To investigate whether desiccation and/or starvation may be involved in the ability of certain strains of A. baumannii to retain virulence factors, we have studied five well-characterized clinical isolates of A. baumannii for which survival times were determined under simulated hospital conditions. Despite a considerable reduction in the culturability over time (up to 88% depending on strain and the condition tested), some A. baumannii strains were able to maintain their ability to form biofilms after rehydration, addition of nutrients, and changing temperature. Also, after long-term desiccation, several clinical strains were able to grow in the presence of non-immune human serum as fine as their non-stressed homologs. Furthermore, we also show that the ability of bacterial strains to kill Galleria mellonella larvae does not change although A. baumannii cells were stressed by long-term starvation (up to 60 days). This means that A. baumannii can undergo a rapid adaptation to both the temperature shift and nutrients availability, conditions that can be easily found by bacteria in a new patient in the hospital setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itziar Chapartegui-González
- Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla IDIVAL, Santander, Spain
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain
| | - María Lázaro-Díez
- Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla IDIVAL, Santander, Spain
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain
- Red Española de Investigación en Patología Infecciosa (REIPI), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Zaloa Bravo
- Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla IDIVAL, Santander, Spain
| | - Jesús Navas
- Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla IDIVAL, Santander, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - José M. Icardo
- Departamento de Anatomía y Biología Celular, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - José Ramos-Vivas
- Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla IDIVAL, Santander, Spain
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain
- Red Española de Investigación en Patología Infecciosa (REIPI), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail:
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Bravo Z, Chapartegui-González I, Lázaro-Díez M, Ramos-Vivas J. Acinetobacter pittii biofilm formation on inanimate surfaces after long-term desiccation. J Hosp Infect 2017; 98:74-82. [PMID: 28764931 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2017.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The survival of pathogenic micro-organisms in the healthcare environment has a major role in nosocomial infections. Among the responsible mechanisms enabling nosocomial pathogens to persist with these stress conditions is their ability to resist desiccation and to form biofilms. AIM To investigate the survival behaviour of Acinetobacter pittii isolates on inert surfaces and saline microcosms. METHODS Five A. pittii clinical strains were spotted over white laboratory coat fragments, glass, and plastic surfaces, or inoculated into sterile saline and monitored at room temperature for a period of 43 days. FINDINGS Although the permanence on solid surfaces negatively affected the culturability of the strains used, a fraction of stressed cells survived for at least the period of study. On average, A. pittii culturability was reduced by 77.3%, 80.9%, and 68.1% in white coat, plastic, and glass surfaces, respectively. However, ∼85.6% of the populations retain their culturability in saline solution. Culturability correlated with the presence of cells with an intact membrane, as demonstrated after live/dead staining. Supplementation of the culture medium with sodium pyruvate favoured the culturability of strains from all conditions; but, in general, A. pittii populations did not enter a viable but non-culturable state. CONCLUSION After long-term desiccation, all A. pittii strains retained, or even increased, their ability to form biofilms after they had been fed with nutrient media. This suggests that A. pittii may recover easily from desiccation and may express adherence factors to infect new hosts after rehydration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Bravo
- Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla IDIVAL, Santander, Spain; Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain
| | - I Chapartegui-González
- Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla IDIVAL, Santander, Spain; Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain
| | - M Lázaro-Díez
- Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla IDIVAL, Santander, Spain; Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain; Red Española de Investigación en Patología Infecciosa (REIPI), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Ramos-Vivas
- Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla IDIVAL, Santander, Spain; Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain; Red Española de Investigación en Patología Infecciosa (REIPI), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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Lázaro-Díez M, Chapartegui-González I, Redondo-Salvo S, Leigh C, Merino D, Segundo DS, Fernández A, Navas J, Icardo JM, Acosta F, Ocampo-Sosa A, Martínez-Martínez L, Ramos-Vivas J. Human neutrophils phagocytose and kill Acinetobacter baumannii and A. pittii. Sci Rep 2017; 7:4571. [PMID: 28676640 PMCID: PMC5496873 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-04870-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii is a common cause of health care associated infections worldwide. A. pittii is an opportunistic pathogen also frequently isolated from Acinetobacter infections other than those from A. baumannii. Knowledge of Acinetobacter virulence factors and their role in pathogenesis is scarce. Also, there are no detailed published reports on the interactions between A. pittii and human phagocytic cells. Using confocal laser and scanning electron microscopy, immunofluorescence, and live-cell imaging, our study shows that immediately after bacteria-cell contact, neutrophils rapidly and continuously engulf and kill bacteria during at least 4 hours of infection in vitro. After 3 h of infection, neutrophils start to release neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) against Acinetobacter. DNA in NETs colocalizes well with human histone H3 and with the specific neutrophil elastase. We have observed that human neutrophils use large filopodia as cellular tentacles to sense local environment but also to detect and retain bacteria during phagocytosis. Furthermore, co-cultivation of neutrophils with human differentiated macrophages before infections shows that human neutrophils, but not macrophages, are key immune cells to control Acinetobacter. Although macrophages were largely activated by both bacterial species, they lack the phagocytic activity demonstrated by neutrophils.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Lázaro-Díez
- Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla IDIVAL, Santander, 39011, Spain
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, 39008, Spain
- Red Española de Investigación en Patología Infecciosa (REIPI), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Itziar Chapartegui-González
- Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla IDIVAL, Santander, 39011, Spain
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, 39008, Spain
| | | | - Chike Leigh
- New York University School of Medicine, New York, 10003, USA
| | - David Merino
- Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla IDIVAL, Santander, 39011, Spain
- Servicio de Inmunología, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, 39008, Spain
| | - David San Segundo
- Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla IDIVAL, Santander, 39011, Spain
- Servicio de Inmunología, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, 39008, Spain
| | - Adrián Fernández
- Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla IDIVAL, Santander, 39011, Spain
| | - Jesús Navas
- Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla IDIVAL, Santander, 39011, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, 39011, Spain
| | - José Manuel Icardo
- Departamento de Anatomía y Biología Celular, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, 39011, Spain
| | - Félix Acosta
- Grupo de Investigación en Acuicultura, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Gran Canaria, 35214, Spain
| | - Alain Ocampo-Sosa
- Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla IDIVAL, Santander, 39011, Spain
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, 39008, Spain
- Red Española de Investigación en Patología Infecciosa (REIPI), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Luis Martínez-Martínez
- Red Española de Investigación en Patología Infecciosa (REIPI), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, 14004, Spain
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, 14004, Spain
| | - José Ramos-Vivas
- Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla IDIVAL, Santander, 39011, Spain.
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, 39008, Spain.
- Red Española de Investigación en Patología Infecciosa (REIPI), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain.
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Chapartegui-González I, Lázaro-Díez M, Redondo-Salvo S, Amaro-Prellezo E, Esteban-Rodríguez E, Ramos-Vivas J. Biofilm formation in Hafnia alvei HUMV-5920, a human isolate. AIMS Microbiol 2016. [DOI: 10.3934/microbiol.2016.4.412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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