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Heise M, Dillard J, Taft-Benz S, Knight A, Anderson E, Pressey K, Parotti B, Martinez S, Diaz J, Sarkar S, Madden E, De la Cruz G, Adams L, Dinnon K, Leist S, Martinez D, Schaefer A, Powers J, Yount B, Castillo I, Morales N, Burdick J, Evangelista MK, Ralph L, Pankow N, Linnertz C, Lakshmanane P, Montgomery S, Ferris M, Baric R, Baxter V. Adjuvant-dependent effects on the safety and efficacy of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines during heterologous infection by a SARS-related coronavirus. Res Sq 2023:rs.3.rs-3401539. [PMID: 37961507 PMCID: PMC10635311 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3401539/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Inactivated whole virus SARS-CoV-2 vaccines adjuvanted with aluminum hydroxide (Alum) are among the most widely used COVID-19 vaccines globally and have been critical to the COVID-19 pandemic response. Although these vaccines are protective against homologous virus infection in healthy recipients, the emergence of novel SARS-CoV-2 variants and the presence of large zoonotic reservoirs provide significant opportunities for vaccine breakthrough, which raises the risk of adverse outcomes including vaccine-associated enhanced respiratory disease (VAERD). To evaluate this possibility, we tested the performance of an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (iCoV2) in combination with Alum against either homologous or heterologous coronavirus challenge in a mouse model of coronavirus-induced pulmonary disease. Consistent with human results, iCoV2 + Alum protected against homologous challenge. However, challenge with a heterologous SARS-related coronavirus, Rs-SHC014-CoV (SHC014), up to at least 10 months post-vaccination, resulted in VAERD in iCoV2 + Alum-vaccinated animals, characterized by pulmonary eosinophilic infiltrates, enhanced pulmonary pathology, delayed viral clearance, and decreased pulmonary function. In contrast, vaccination with iCoV2 in combination with an alternative adjuvant (RIBI) did not induce VAERD and promoted enhanced SHC014 clearance. Further characterization of iCoV2 + Alum-induced immunity suggested that CD4+ T cells were a major driver of VAERD, and these responses were partially reversed by re-boosting with recombinant Spike protein + RIBI adjuvant. These results highlight potential risks associated with vaccine breakthrough in recipients of Alum-adjuvanted inactivated vaccines and provide important insights into factors affecting both the safety and efficacy of coronavirus vaccines in the face of heterologous virus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Heise
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
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- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Prem Lakshmanane
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC
| | | | | | | | - Victoria Baxter
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
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Mallory M, Munt JE, Narowski TM, Castillo I, Cuadra E, Pisanic N, Fields P, Powers JM, Dickson A, Harris R, Wargowsky R, Moran S, Allabban A, Raphel K, McCaffrey TA, Brien JD, Heaney CD, Lafleur JE, Baric RS, Premkumar L. Longitudinal Analysis of Humoral and Cellular Immune Response Following SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination Supports Utilizing Point-Of-Care Tests to Enhance COVID-19 Booster Uptake. medRxiv 2023:2023.04.03.23287498. [PMID: 37066219 PMCID: PMC10104219 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.03.23287498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Individuals with weaker neutralizing responses show reduced protection with SARS-CoV-2 variants. Booster vaccines are recommended for vaccinated individuals, but the uptake is low. We present the feasibility of utilizing point-of-care tests (POCT) to support evidence-based decision-making around COVID-19 booster vaccinations. Using infectious virus neutralization, ACE2 blocking, spike binding, and TCR sequencing assays, we investigated the dynamics of changes in the breadth and depth of blood and salivary antibodies as well as T-cell clonal response following mRNA vaccination in a cohort of healthcare providers. We evaluated the accuracy of two POCTs utilizing either blood or saliva to identify those in whom humoral immunity was inadequate. >4 months after two doses of mRNA vaccine, SARS-CoV-2 binding and neutralizing Abs (nAbs) and T-cell clones declined 40-80%, and 2/3rd lacked Omicron nAbs. After the third mRNA booster, binding and neutralizing Abs increased overall in the systemic compartment; notably, individuals with previously weak nAbs gained sharply. The third dose failed to stimulate secretory IgA, but salivary IgG closely tracked systemic IgG levels. Vaccine boosting increased Ab breadth against a divergent bat sarbecovirus, SHC014, although the TCR-beta sequence breadth was unchanged. Post 3rd booster dose, Ab avidity increased for the Wuhan and Delta strains, while avidity against Omicron and SHC014 increased to levels seen for Wuhan after the second dose. Negative results on POCTs strongly correlated with a lack of functional humoral immunity. The third booster dose helps vaccinees gain depth and breadth of systemic Abs against evolving SARS-CoV-2 and related viruses. Our findings show that POCTs are useful and easy-to-access tools to inform inadequate humoral immunity accurately. POCTs designed to match the circulating variants can help individuals with booster vaccine decisions and could serve as a population-level screening platform to preserve herd immunity. One Sentence Summary SARS-CoV-2 point-of-care antibody tests are valuable and easy-to-access tools to inform inadequate humoral immunity and to support informed decision-making regarding the current and future booster vaccination.
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Blasco Valls P, Prieto Prieto C, Fernández Rodríguez M, Russo G, Mut Salud N, Gutiérrez Sánchez R, Castillo I, érez P. PO-1111 Is Calendula useful for radiation dermatitis in breast cancer? A single-centre clinical trial. Radiother Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)07562-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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de la Vega JM, Ríos B, Del Río JT, Guerrero R, Castillo I, Guirado D. Management of interruptions to fractionated radiotherapy treatments: Four and a half years of experience. Phys Med 2016; 32:1551-1558. [PMID: 27890566 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2016.11.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The study objective was to report our four-and-a half years experience (March 1 2011-August 15 2015) of a program to manage interruptions in fractionated radiotherapy treatments. METHODS A program was developed, based on a specific database, to manage treatment interruptions. Benefits of the program were analyzed in reference to previously published data. Analysis was also performed of two measures to reduce OTT prolongation and improve treatment outcomes: working on public holidays and conducting treatment unit maintenance on Saturdays. RESULTS The study included 2352 patients. Patients with head and neck cancer obtained the greatest benefit from the program, with a mean increase in TCP of 3.5% and a benefit of at least 4% in 45.6% of them. In prostate cancer patients, the likelihood of biochemical failure was reduced by a mean of 2.0% and was reduced by at least 4% in 19.7% of them. Application of the two proposed measures would have improved the TCP by a mean of 5.4% in head and neck cancer patients. The impact of the compensations program and proposed measures is lesser in the remaining cancer types studied. CONCLUSIONS Implementation of a compensation program has a significant impact on patients with head and neck or prostate cancer but OTT prolongation remains excessive in many treatments. The introduction of fractions on public holidays would assist in the meeting of recommendations for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M de la Vega
- Unidad de Radiofísica, Hospital San Cecilio de Granada, Avda. de la Investigación, 2, E-18016 Granada, Spain.
| | - B Ríos
- Hospital Vithas Xanit Internacional, Avda. de los Argonautas, s/n, E-29631 Benalmádena, Spain
| | - J Torres Del Río
- Unidad de Radiofísica, Hospital San Cecilio de Granada, Avda. de la Investigación, 2, E-18016 Granada, Spain
| | - R Guerrero
- Unidad de Radiofísica, Hospital San Cecilio de Granada, Avda. de la Investigación, 2, E-18016 Granada, Spain
| | - I Castillo
- Servicio de Oncología Radioterápica, Complejo Hospitalario de Granada, Avda. de la Investigación, 2, E-18016 Granada, Spain
| | - D Guirado
- Unidad de Radiofísica, Hospital San Cecilio de Granada, Avda. de la Investigación, 2, E-18016 Granada, Spain
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González L, Tomás I, Castillo I, Duda JL, Balaguer I. A test of basic psychological needs theory in young soccer players: time-lagged design at the individual and team levels. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2016; 27:1511-1522. [PMID: 27671792 DOI: 10.1111/sms.12778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Within the framework of basic psychological needs theory (Deci & Ryan, 2000), multilevel structural equation modeling (MSEM) with a time-lagged design was used to test a mediation model examining the relationship between perceptions of coaches' interpersonal styles (autonomy supportive and controlling), athletes' basic psychological needs (satisfaction and thwarting), and indicators of well-being (subjective vitality) and ill-being (burnout), estimating separately between and within effects. The participants were 597 Spanish male soccer players aged between 11 and 14 years (M = 12.57, SD = 0.54) from 40 teams who completed a questionnaire package at two time points in a competitive season. Results revealed that at the individual level, athletes' perceptions of autonomy support positively predicted athletes' need satisfaction (autonomy, competence, and relatedness), whereas athletes' perceptions of controlling style positively predicted athletes' need thwarting (autonomy, competence, and relatedness). In turn, all three athletes' need satisfaction dimensions predicted athletes' subjective vitality and burnout (positively and negatively, respectively), whereas competence thwarting negatively predicted subjective vitality and competence and relatedness positively predicted burnout. At the team level, team perceptions of autonomy supportive style positively predicted team autonomy and relatedness satisfaction. Mediation effects only appeared at the individual level.
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Affiliation(s)
- L González
- Faculty of Health Sciences, European University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - I Tomás
- Faculty of Psychology, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - I Castillo
- Faculty of Psychology, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - J L Duda
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - I Balaguer
- Faculty of Psychology, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
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Correa R, Paredes C, Leiva JE, Munoz R, Avendano G, Castillo I. BRAIN METASTASES FROM EPITHELIAL OVARIAN CANCER: CLINICOPATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS. A RETROSPECTIVE SINGLE INSTITUTION STUDY: IGCS-0067 06. Ovarian Cancer. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/00009577-201505001-00048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Castillo I, Lopez J, Leiva JE, Paredes C, Correa R. MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF GESTATIONAL TROPHOBLASTIC DISEASE: IGCS-0097 Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/00009577-201505001-00033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Muirhead C, Pilatzke K, Tripple A, Philippi N, McCrimmon K, Castillo I, Boniface H, Suppiah S. Production of Highly Tritiated Water for Tritium Exposure Studies. Fusion Science and Technology 2015. [DOI: 10.13182/fst14-t62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Muirhead
- Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, Chalk River Laboratories, Chalk River, Ontario, Canada, K0J 1J0
| | - K. Pilatzke
- Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, Chalk River Laboratories, Chalk River, Ontario, Canada, K0J 1J0
| | - A. Tripple
- Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, Chalk River Laboratories, Chalk River, Ontario, Canada, K0J 1J0
| | - N. Philippi
- Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, Chalk River Laboratories, Chalk River, Ontario, Canada, K0J 1J0
| | - K. McCrimmon
- Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, Chalk River Laboratories, Chalk River, Ontario, Canada, K0J 1J0
| | - I. Castillo
- Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, Chalk River Laboratories, Chalk River, Ontario, Canada, K0J 1J0
| | - H. Boniface
- Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, Chalk River Laboratories, Chalk River, Ontario, Canada, K0J 1J0
| | - S. Suppiah
- Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, Chalk River Laboratories, Chalk River, Ontario, Canada, K0J 1J0
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Suppiah S, McCrimmon K, Lalonde S, Ryland D, Boniface H, Muirhead C, Castillo I. Tritium Handling Experience at Atomic Energy of Canada Limited. Fusion Science and Technology 2015. [DOI: 10.13182/fst14-t86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Suppiah
- Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, Chalk River Laboratories, Chalk River, Ontario, Canada, K0J 1J0
| | - K. McCrimmon
- Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, Chalk River Laboratories, Chalk River, Ontario, Canada, K0J 1J0
| | - S. Lalonde
- Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, Chalk River Laboratories, Chalk River, Ontario, Canada, K0J 1J0
| | - D. Ryland
- Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, Chalk River Laboratories, Chalk River, Ontario, Canada, K0J 1J0
| | - H. Boniface
- Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, Chalk River Laboratories, Chalk River, Ontario, Canada, K0J 1J0
| | - C. Muirhead
- Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, Chalk River Laboratories, Chalk River, Ontario, Canada, K0J 1J0
| | - I. Castillo
- Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, Chalk River Laboratories, Chalk River, Ontario, Canada, K0J 1J0
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Thomson S, Pilatzke K, McCrimmon K, Castillo I, Suppiah S. Tritium Permeation Characterization of Materials for Fusion and Generation IV Very High Temperature Reactors. Fusion Science and Technology 2015. [DOI: 10.13182/fst14-t58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Thomson
- Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, Chalk River Laboratories, Chalk River, Ontario, Canada, K0J 1J0
| | - K. Pilatzke
- Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, Chalk River Laboratories, Chalk River, Ontario, Canada, K0J 1J0
| | - K. McCrimmon
- Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, Chalk River Laboratories, Chalk River, Ontario, Canada, K0J 1J0
| | - I. Castillo
- Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, Chalk River Laboratories, Chalk River, Ontario, Canada, K0J 1J0
| | - S. Suppiah
- Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, Chalk River Laboratories, Chalk River, Ontario, Canada, K0J 1J0
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Thomson SN, Carson R, Ratnayake A, Muirhead C, Li H, Castillo I, Boniface H, Suppiah S, Robinson J. Characterization of Commercial Proton Exchange Membrane Materials after Exposure to Beta and Gamma Radiation. Fusion Science and Technology 2015. [DOI: 10.13182/fst14-t50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. N. Thomson
- Canadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River, K0J1J0, Ontario, Canada
| | - R. Carson
- Canadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River, K0J1J0, Ontario, Canada
| | - A. Ratnayake
- Tyne Engineering Inc., Burlington, L7L 5V1, Ontario, Canada
| | - C. Muirhead
- Canadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River, K0J1J0, Ontario, Canada
| | - H. Li
- Canadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River, K0J1J0, Ontario, Canada
| | - I. Castillo
- Canadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River, K0J1J0, Ontario, Canada
| | - H. Boniface
- Canadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River, K0J1J0, Ontario, Canada
| | - S. Suppiah
- Canadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River, K0J1J0, Ontario, Canada
| | - J. Robinson
- Tyne Engineering Inc., Burlington, L7L 5V1, Ontario, Canada
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Castillo I, Boniface H, Suppiah S, Kennedy B, Minichilli A, Mitchell T. Replacement of Tritiated Water from Irradiated Fuel Storage Bay. Fusion Science and Technology 2015. [DOI: 10.13182/fst14-t14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- I. Castillo
- Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, Chalk River Laboratories, Chalk River, Ontario, Canada, K0J iJ0
| | - H. Boniface
- Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, Chalk River Laboratories, Chalk River, Ontario, Canada, K0J iJ0
| | - S. Suppiah
- Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, Chalk River Laboratories, Chalk River, Ontario, Canada, K0J iJ0
| | - B. Kennedy
- Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, Chalk River Laboratories, Chalk River, Ontario, Canada, K0J iJ0
| | - A. Minichilli
- Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, Chalk River Laboratories, Chalk River, Ontario, Canada, K0J iJ0
| | - T. Mitchell
- Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, Chalk River Laboratories, Chalk River, Ontario, Canada, K0J iJ0
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Boniface HA, Gnanapragasam NV, Ryland DK, Suppiah S, Castillo I. Multi-Purpose Hydrogen Isotopes Separation Plant Design. Fusion Science and Technology 2015. [DOI: 10.13182/fst14-t5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. A. Boniface
- Atomic Energy of Canada Limited (AECL), Chalk River, Ontario, K0J 1J0, Canada
| | - N. V. Gnanapragasam
- Atomic Energy of Canada Limited (AECL), Chalk River, Ontario, K0J 1J0, Canada
| | - D. K. Ryland
- Atomic Energy of Canada Limited (AECL), Chalk River, Ontario, K0J 1J0, Canada
| | - S. Suppiah
- Atomic Energy of Canada Limited (AECL), Chalk River, Ontario, K0J 1J0, Canada
| | - I. Castillo
- Atomic Energy of Canada Limited (AECL), Chalk River, Ontario, K0J 1J0, Canada
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Sánchez-Eguía BN, Flores-Alamo M, Orio M, Castillo I. Side-on cupric–superoxo triplet complexes as competent agents for H-abstraction relevant to the active site of PHM. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:11134-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc02332g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Side-on cupric–superoxo complexes with triplet ground states mimic the active site of PHM and are capable of H-abstraction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M. Flores-Alamo
- Facultad de Química
- División de Estudios de Posgrado
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
- México DF
- Mexico
| | - M. Orio
- Laboratoire de Spectrochimie Infrarouge et Raman
- Université des Sciences et Technologies de Lille
- 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex
- France
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires de Marseille
| | - I. Castillo
- Instituto de Química
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
- México DF
- Mexico
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15
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Pedemonte JC, Vargas R, Castillo V, Hodali T, Gutiérrez S, Tapia G, Castillo I, Videla LA, Fernández V. A combined iron and thyroid hormone protocol suppresses ischemia–reperfusion injury in rat livers. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra15863f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver preconditioning (PC) against ischemia–reperfusion (IR) injury is attained by iron (Fe) or thyroid hormone (T3) administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. C. Pedemonte
- Program of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences
- Faculty of Medicine
- University of Chile
- Santiago
| | - R. Vargas
- Program of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences
- Faculty of Medicine
- University of Chile
- Santiago
| | - V. Castillo
- Program of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences
- Faculty of Medicine
- University of Chile
- Santiago
| | - T. Hodali
- Program of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences
- Faculty of Medicine
- University of Chile
- Santiago
| | - S. Gutiérrez
- Program of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences
- Faculty of Medicine
- University of Chile
- Santiago
| | - G. Tapia
- Program of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences
- Faculty of Medicine
- University of Chile
- Santiago
| | - I. Castillo
- School of Medicine
- Faculty of Medicine
- Catholic University of Talca
- Chile
| | - L. A. Videla
- Program of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences
- Faculty of Medicine
- University of Chile
- Santiago
| | - V. Fernández
- Program of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences
- Faculty of Medicine
- University of Chile
- Santiago
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López Torrecilla J, Zapatero A, Herruzo I, Calvo FA, Cabeza MA, Palacios A, Guerrero A, Hervás A, Lara P, Ludeña Martínez B, Del Cerro Peñalver E, Nagore G, Sancho G, Mengual JL, Mira M, Mairiño A, Samper P, Pérez S, Castillo I, Martínez Cedrés JC, Ferrer E, Rodriguez S, Maldonado X, Gómez Caamaño A, Ferrer C. Infrastructures, treatment modalities, and workload of radiation oncology departments in Spain with special attention to prostate cancer. Clin Transl Oncol 2014; 16:447-54. [PMID: 24682792 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-013-1121-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2013] [Accepted: 10/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM The purpose of the study was to describe infrastructures, treatment modalities, and workload in radiation oncology (RO) in Spain, referred particularly to prostate cancer (PC). METHODS An epidemiologic, cross-sectional study was performed during 2008-2009. A study-specific questionnaire was sent to the 108 RO-registered departments. RESULTS One hundred and two departments answered the survey, and six were contacted by telephone. Centers operated 236 treatment units: 23 (9.7 %) cobalt machines, 37 (15.7 %) mono-energetic linear accelerators, and 176 (74.6 %) multi-energy linear accelerators. Sixty-one (56.4 %) and 33 (30.5 %) departments, respectively, reported intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and image-guided RT (IGRT) capabilities; three-dimensional-conformal RT was used in 75.8 % of patients. Virtual simulators were present in 95 departments (88.0 %), 35 use conventional simulators. Fifty-one departments (47.2 %) have brachytherapy units, 38 (35.2 %) perform prostatic implants. Departments saw a mean of 24.9 new patients/week; the number of patients treated annually was 102,054, corresponding to 88.4 % of patients with a RT indication. In 56.5 % of the hospitals, multidisciplinary teams were available to treat PC. CONCLUSIONS Results provide an accurate picture of current situation of RO in Spain, showing a trend toward the progressive introduction of new technologies (IMRT, IGRT, brachytherapy).
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Affiliation(s)
- J López Torrecilla
- Department of Radiation Oncology-ERESA, Hospital General Universitario, Avda. Tres Cruces 2, 46007, Valencia, Spain,
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Molina-Garcia J, Castillo I, Queralt A, Sallis JF. Bicycling to university: evaluation of a bicycle-sharing program in Spain. Health Promot Int 2013; 30:350-8. [DOI: 10.1093/heapro/dat045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Castillo I, Ojea MA, Boqué C, Asensio A, Hermosilla MM, Blanes M. [Effectiveness and safety of lenalidomide in myelofibrosis patients: a case series from the Spanish compassionate use program]. Farm Hosp 2013; 37:135-42. [PMID: 23789757 DOI: 10.7399/fh.2013.37.2.375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Myelofibrosis (MF) is a chronic myeloproliferative neoplasm (CMPN) characterized by clonal proliferation of the pluripotent hematopoietic germinal cell, fibrosis, and bone marrow angiogenesis, and with extra medullary hematopoiesis. Lenalidomide is an immunomodulatory and antiangiogenic agent that has shown clinical benefit in MF patients in several phase II clinical trials. In this work, we present the results of the retrospective assessment of a series of 32 patients diagnosed with MF that received treatment with lenalidomide within the Spanish program of hospital compassionate use. METHOD Multicenter, retrospective study of a case series of MF patients receiving compassionate treatment with lenalidomide. RESULTS We gathered information on 32 MF patients that were treated with lenalidomide at 17 Spanish hospitals. The mean age was 68 years (range, 50-83), 72% males. Twenty-six (81%) patients had intermediate-high risk according to Dupriez prognostic score. In 16 patients, the daily dose scheduled was 10 mg/day for 21 days in 28-day cycles; the remaining patients received lower doses or other regimes. In 29 out of 32 patients, response assessment was available. Two patients had complete clinical and hematologic response and 14 had partial response. The most common adverse events observed were neutropenia (56%), thrombocytopenia (50%), and anemia (40%). CONCLUSIONS Continuous treatment with lenalidomide is active in MF patients pretreated heavily. Lenalidomide-induced myelosuppression and other associated toxicities are manageable with dose adjustments.
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Palmer S, Ruospo M, Pellgrini F, Strippoli GFM, Palmer S, Ruospo M, Natale P, Saglimbene V, Pellegrini F, Craig JC, Hegbrant J, Strippoli GFM, Ferraresi M, Pereno A, Castelluccia N, Clari R, Moro I, Colombi N, Di Giorgio G, Barbero S, Piccoli GB, Krishnan M, Bond TC, Brunelli S, Nissenson A, Kara B, Palmer S, Wong G, Craig JC, Strippoli GFM, Hanafusa N, Wakai K, Iseki K, Tsubakihara Y, Ogata S, Bikbov B, Tomilina N, Suleymanlar G, Altiparmak MR, Seyahi N, Trabulus S, Serdengecti K, Huang ST, Shu KH, Kao CH, Palmer S, Ruospo M, Natale P, Johnson DW, Craig JC, Gargano L, Saglimbene V, Pellegrini F, Strippoli GFM, Bernasconi AR, Waisman R, Lapidus A, Montoya P, Heguilen R, Suzuki A, Shoji T, Tsubakihara Y, Hayashi T, Tomida K, Guinsburg A, Thijssen S, Usvyat L, Xiao Q, van der Sande F, Marelli C, Etter M, Marcelli D, Levin N, Wang Y, Kotanko P, Kooman J, Schiller A, Schiller O, Andrei C, Mihaescu A, Olariu N, Anton C, Ivacson Z, Roman V, Berca S, Bansal V, Hwang SJ, Lee JJ, Lin MY, Chang JS, Okamura K, Kishi T, Miyazono M, Ikeda Y, Fukumitsu T, Sanai T, Reyes-Bahamonde J, Raimann J, Usvyat LA, Thijssen S, Van der Sande F, Kooman J, Levin N, Kotanko P, Allehbi AM, Bunani AD, Noor A, Laplante S, Rutherford P, Kulcsar I, Szegedi J, Ladanyi E, Torok M, Reusz G, Kiss I, Sparacino V, Agnello V, Di Gaetano P, Guaiana V, Almasio P, Rainone F, Merlino L, Ritchie JP, Marcatti M, Kalra PA, Toprak O, Quintaliani G, Ranocchia D, Germini F, Notargiacomo A, Ariete ML, Palmer S, Ruospo M, Pellegrini F, Strippoli GFM, Bunani AD, Bunani ED, Herrero Berron JC, Mon C, Ortiz M, Hinostroza J, Cobo G, Gallar P, Ortega O, Rodriguez Villarreal I, Oliet A, Digiogia C, Vigil A, Trigka K, Douzdampanis P, Aggelakou-Vaitsi M, Vaitsis N, Fourtounas K, Vigotti FN, Apostu AL, Boscolo M, Chegui LK, Ferrero S, Gallicchio M, Garassino G, Ionescu A, Portonero I, Tarea CA, Valentino E, Piccoli GB, Sikole A, Trajceska L, Gelev S, Dzekova P, Selim G, Amitov V, Borg Cauchi A, Buhagiar L, Calleja N, Demarco D, Nikitidou O, Liakopoulos V, Michalaki A, Demirtzi P, Christidou F, Papagianni A, Daskalopoulou E, Nikolaidis P, Dombros N, Vassallo DM, Chinnadurai R, Robinson H, Middleton R, Donne R, Saralegui I, Garcia O, Robledo C, Gabilondo E, Ortalda VVO, Tomei PPT, Yabarek TTY, Spatola LLS, Dalla Gassa AADG, Lupo AAL, Barril G, Quiroga JA, Arenas D, Cigarran S, Garcia N, Glez Parra E, Martin A, Bartolome J, Castillo I, Carreno V, Baamonde E, Bosch E, Perez G, Ramirez I, Checa MD, Palmer S, Ruospo M, Pellegrini F, Strippoli GFM, Shifris I, Dudar I, Rudenko A, Gonchar I, Mademtzoglou S, Tsikliras NC, Balaskas EV, Montalto G, Lupica R, Fazio MR, Aloisi C, Donato V, Lucisano S, Buemi M, Trimboli D, Cernaro V, Donia A, Denewar A, Khil M, Dudar I, Khil V, Shifris I. Epidemiology CKD 5D - A. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gft121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Molina-García J, Castillo I, Queralt A, Sallis J. Implementation of a bicycle-sharing program: An effective way of introducing cycling as mode of transport. J Sci Med Sport 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2012.11.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Miyazaki N, Matsumoto J, Alberici F, Palmisano A, Maritati F, Oliva E, Buzio C, Vaglio A, Mjoen G, Norby GE, Vikse BE, Svarstad E, Rune B, Knut A, Szymczak M, Kuzniar J, Kopec W, Marchewka Z, Klinger M, Arrizabalaga P, Silvarino R, Sant F, Espinosa G, Sole M, Cervera R, Gude D, Chennamsetty S, Demin A, Kozlov V, Lisukov I, Kotova O, Sizikov A, Sergeevicheva V, Demina L, Borjesson O, Wendt M, Avik A, Qureshi AR, Bratt J, Miller EJ, Gunnarsson I, Bruchfeld A, Sugiyama K, Hasegawa M, Yamamoto K, Hayashi H, Koide S, Murakami K, Tomita M, Yoshida S, Yuzawa Y, Yew S, Jayne D, Westman K, Hoglund P, Flossman O, Mahr A, Luqmani R, Robson J, Thervet E, Levi C, Guiard E, Roland M, Nochy D, Daniliuc C, Guillevin L, Mouthon L, Jacquot C, Karras A, Kimura Y, Morita H, Debiec H, Yamada H, Miura N, Banno S, Ronco P, Imai H, Shin DH, Famee D, Koo HM, Han SH, Choi KH, Yoo TH, Kang SW, Fofi C, Fofi C, Scabbia L, Festuccia F, Stoppacciaro A, Mene' P, Shimizu A, Fukui M, MII A, Kaneko T, Masuda Y, Iino Y, Katayama Y, Fukuda Y, Kuroki A, Matsumoto K, Akizawa T, Jurubita R, Ismail G, Bobeica R, Rusu E, Zilisteanu D, Andronesi A, Motoi O, Ditoiu V, Copaci I, Voiculescu M, Irazabal MV, Eirin A, Lieske JC, Beck LH, Dillon JJ, Nachman PH, Sethi S, Erickson SB, Cattran DC, Fervenza FC, Svobodova B, Hruskova Z, Janatkova I, Jancova E, Tesar V, Seo MS, Kwon SH, Lee EB, You JY, Hyun YK, Woo SA, Park MY, Choi SJ, Jeon JS, Noh H, Kim JG, Han DC, Hwang SD, Choi TY, Jin SY, Kwon SH, Loiacono E, Loiacono E, Defedele D, Puccinelli MP, Camilla R, Gallo R, Peruzzi L, Rollino C, Beltrame G, Ferro M, Vergano L, Campolo F, Amore A, Coppo R, Knoop T, Vikse BE, Svarstad E, Bostad L, Leivestad T, Bjorneklett R, Teranishi J, Yamamoto R, Nagasawa Y, Shoji T, Iwatani H, Okada N, Moriyama T, Yamauchi A, Tsubakihara Y, Imai E, Rakugi H, Isaka Y, Koo HM, Doh FM, Kim SJ, Kang SW, Choi KH, Han DS, Han SH, Suzuki Y, Matsuzaki K, Suzuki H, Okazaki K, Yanagawa H, Maiguma M, Muto M, Sato T, Horikoshi S, Novak J, Hotta O, Tomino Y, Gutierrez* E, Zamora I, Ballarin J, Arce Y, Jimenez S, Quereda C, Olea T, Martinez-Ara J, Segarra A, Bernis C, Garcia A, Goicoechea M, Garcia de Vinuesa S, Rojas J, Praga M, Ristovska V, Petrushevska G, Grcevska L, Knoop T, Vikse BE, Svarstad E, Bostad L, Leivestad T, Bjorneklett R, Satake K, Shimizu Y, Mugitani N, Suzuki H, Suzuki Y, Horikoshi S, Honda S, Shibuya K, Shibuya A, Tomino Y, Papale M, Rocchetti MT, DI Paolo S, Suriano IV, D'apollo A, Vocino G, Montemurno E, Varraso L, Grandaliano G, Gesualdo L, Huerta A, Bomback AS, Canetta PA, Radhakrishnan J, Herlitz L, Stokes B, D'agati V, Markowitz G, Appel GB, Ristovska V, Grcevska L, Mouna H, Nasr BD, Mrabet I, Ahmed L, Sabra A, Mohamed Ammeur F, Mezri E, Habib S, Innocenti M, Pasquariello A, Pasquariello G, Mattei P, Bottai A, Fumagalli G, Bozzoli L, Samoni S, Cupisti A, Caldin B, Hung J, Repizo L, Malheiros DM, Barros R, Woronik V, Giammarresi C, Bono L, Ferrantelli A, Tortorici C, Licavoli G, Rotolo U, Huang X, Wang Q, Shi M, Chen W, Liu Z, Scarpioni R, Cantarini L, Lazzaro A, Ricardi M, Albertazzi V, Melfa L, Concesi C, Vallisa D, Cavanna L, Gungor G, Ataseven H, Demir A, Solak Y, Biyik M, Ozturk B, Polat I, Kiyici A, Ozer Cakir O, Polat H, Martinez-Ara J, Castillo I, Carreno V, Aguilar A, Madero R, Hernandez E, Bernis C, Bartolome J, Gea F, Selgas R, El Aggan HAM, El Banawy HS, Wagdy E, Tchebotareva N, LI O, Bobkova I, Kozlovskaya L, Varshavskiy V, Golicina E, Chen Y, Gong Z, Chen X, Tang L, Zhou J, Cao X, Wei R, Koo EH, Koo EH, Park JH, Kim HK, Kim MS, Jang HR, Lee JE, Huh W, Kim DJ, Oh HY, Kim YG, Tchebotareva N, Bobkova I, Kozlovskaya L, LI O, Eskova O, Shvetsov M, Golytsina E, Varshavskiy V, Popova O, Quaglia M, Monti S, Fenoglio R, Menegotto A, Airoldi A, Izzo C, Rizzo MA, Dianzani U, Stratta P, Vaglio A, Vaglio A, Alberici F, Gianfreda D, Buzio C. Primary and secondary glomerulonephritis I. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfs223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Boniface HA, Castillo I, Everatt AE, Ryland DK. A Light-Water Detritiation Project at Chalk River Laboratories. Fusion Science and Technology 2011. [DOI: 10.13182/fst11-a12674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. A. Boniface
- Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, Chalk River Laboratories, Chalk River, Ontario, Canada, K0J 1J0
| | - I. Castillo
- Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, Chalk River Laboratories, Chalk River, Ontario, Canada, K0J 1J0
| | - A. E. Everatt
- Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, Chalk River Laboratories, Chalk River, Ontario, Canada, K0J 1J0
| | - D. K. Ryland
- Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, Chalk River Laboratories, Chalk River, Ontario, Canada, K0J 1J0
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Abstract
An analysis of psychological well-being (self-esteem and subjective vitality) of 639 Spanish university students was performed, while accounting for the amount of leisure-time physical activity. The Spanish versions of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and Subjective Vitality Scale were employed. Participants were divided into four groups (Low, Moderate, High, and Very high) depending on estimation of energy expenditure in leisure-time physical activity. Men and women having higher physical activity rated higher mean subjective vitality; however, differences in self-esteem were observed only in men, specifically between Very high and the other physical activity groups.
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Grzegorzewska AE, Wobszal P, Jagodzinski PP, Barril G, Quiroga JA, Arenas D, Cigarran S, Herrero J, Caro P, Garcia N, Alcazar JM, Martinez P, Martin Gomez MA, Gonzalez Parra E, Castillo I, Bartolome J, Carreno V, Fukuma S, Akizawa T, Saito A, Akiba T, Kurokawa K, Fukuhara S, Sens F, Labeeuw M, Schott-Pethelaz AM, Colin C, Villar E, Wabel P, Chazot C, Wieskotten S, Moissl U, Chamney P, Wizemann V, Raimann JG, Liu L, Abbas S, Zhu F, Kaysen GA, Kotanko P, Levin NW. Dialysis / Complications. Clin Kidney J 2011. [DOI: 10.1093/ndtplus/4.s2.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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López J, Marin M, Pineda M, Angora R, Codesal R, Castillo I, Vazquez J, Aragües M. P02-13 - Epidemiological study of immigrant population attendend in the emergency services of a general hospital in Madrid. Eur Psychiatry 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-9338(10)70626-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Pozo MR, Pacios R, Guirado D, Castillo I, Delgado M, Guerrero R, Garcia-Puche J. 2046 Interruptions in fractionated radiotherapy: incidence, causes and impact in tumour control probability. EJC Suppl 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(09)70562-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Castillo I, Bartolomé J, Quiroga JA, Barril G, Carreño V. Presence of HCV-RNA after ultracentrifugation of serum samples during the follow-up of chronic hepatitis C patients with a sustained virological response may predict reactivation of hepatitis C virus infection. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2009; 30:477-86. [PMID: 19523175 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2009.04066.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Concentration of viral particles by ultracentrifugation of serum prior to PCR allows detection of hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA in patients with undetectable viral RNA by conventional PCR assays. AIM To analyse if HCV-RNA is detected after serum ultracentrifugation in chronic hepatitis C patients with a sustained virological response to antiviral therapy (defined as serum HCV-RNA negativity by conventional assays 6 months after the end of therapy). METHODS HCV-RNA was tested using real-time PCR in ultracentrifuged sera collected during the post-treatment follow-up (mean: 42 +/- 27 months) in 57 sustained virological responders (SVR). RESULTS After serum ultracentrifugation, HCV-RNA was detected on at least one occasion during the follow-up in 29/57 (51%) SVR. Thirteen (23%) of these 57 SVR suffered a reactivation 18 +/- 8 months after the end of therapy (reappearance of serum HCV-RNA detectable by conventional assays). Among reactivated patients, 11/13 (85%) had HCV-RNA in ultracentrifuged serum samples (detectable 10 +/- 5 months before reactivation), while HCV-RNA was positive after ultracentrifugation in 18/44 (41%) long-term SVR (P = 0.01). Persistence of detectable HCV-RNA after serum ultracentrifugation was associated with reactivation (P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Serum ultracentrifugation prior to PCR allows detection of HCV-RNA in SVR and its persistence may predict late reactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Castillo
- Fundación para el Estudio de las Hepatitis Virales, Madrid, Spain.
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Berenguer J, Bellon JM, Miralles P, Alvarez E, Castillo I, Cosin J, Lopez JC, Sanchez Conde M, Padilla B, Resino S. Association between Exposure to Nevirapine and Reduced Liver Fibrosis Progression in Patients with HIV and Hepatitis C Virus Coinfection. Clin Infect Dis 2008; 46:137-43. [DOI: 10.1086/524080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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López-Alcorocho JM, Rodríguez-Iñigo E, Castillo I, Castellanos ME, Pardo M, Bartolomé J, Quiroga JA, Carreño V. The role of genomic and antigenomic HCV-RNA strands as predictive factors of response to pegylated interferon plus ribavirin therapy. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2007; 25:1193-201. [PMID: 17451565 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2007.03314.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatitis C virus replicates by the synthesis of an antigenomic HCV-RNA. As the end point of anti-viral therapy is to decrease viral replication, the amount of antigenomic HCV-RNA could influence the response. AIM To study if amounts of genomic and antigenomic HCV-RNA in the baseline liver biopsy are predictive factors of response to anti-viral therapy. METHODS Eighty-eight patients with chronic HCV infection (anti-HIV-negative) treated with pegyltaed-interferon-alpha2b plus ribavirin for 12 months were included. Intrahepatic genomic and antigenomic HCV-RNA concentrations were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction and percentage of infected hepatocytes by in situ hybridization. RESULTS Of the 88 patients, 31% were responders while 69% were not. Median of antigenomic HCV-RNA in liver of responders and non-responders was 120 000 copies/microg RNA (range: 10,000-775,000) vs. 150,000 copies/microg RNA (range: 100-3,200,000; P = 0.38). Median of genomic HCV-RNA in liver of responders was 1,250,000 copies/microg RNA (range: 5000-9,000,000) and in non-responders 3,180,000 copies/microg RNA (range: 4600-18,000,000; P = 0.0191). Predictive factors of response in the logistic regression were: intrahepatic amount of genomic HCV-RNA, percentage of infected hepatocytes and previous therapy. CONCLUSION Response to 12 months of therapy with pegylated interferon-alpha2b plus ribavirin depends on the amount of genomic HCV-RNA in the pre-treatment liver biopsy.
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Castillo I, Calvo M, Alonso L, Juárez M, Fontecha J. Changes in lipolysis and volatile fraction of a goat cheese manufactured employing a hygienized rennet paste and a defined strain starter. Food Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2005.09.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Abstract
We have recently described the presence of occult hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection (HCV-RNA in liver in the absence of anti-HCV and serum HCV-RNA) in patients with persistently abnormal liver function tests of unknown aetiology. The aim of this study was to compare the characteristics of patients with occult HCV infection vs those of patients with chronic hepatitis C. We compared clinical features of 68 patients with occult HCV infection and 69 untreated chronic HCV patients (anti-HCV and serum HCV-RNA positive), matched for age, gender, duration of abnormal liver function tests and body mass index. Aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase were higher (P < 0.001) in chronic HCV, but cholesterol and triglycerides were significantly higher in patients with occult HCV infection (P < 0.001 and P = 0.002). Chronic HCV patients had higher gamma-globulin (P = 0.005), alpha-foetoprotein (P < 0.001) and iron (P < 0.001) levels. Percentage of patients with necroinflammatory activity and fibrosis was higher (P < 0.001) in chronic HCV than in occult HCV infection. Mean percentage of infected hepatocytes was higher (P = 0.001) in chronic HCV (10.1%) than in occult HCV infection (5.3%). This occult HCV infection is a milder disease than chronic HCV, and this could be related to the significantly lower number of infected hepatocytes observed in occult HCV.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Pardo
- Fundación Para el Estudio de las Hepatitis Virales, Madrid, Spain
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Occult hepatitis C virus infection is defined by the presence of hepatitis C virus-RNA in liver but with undetectable anti-hepatitis C virus and serum viral RNA. AIM To study the response to anti-viral therapy in occult hepatitis C virus infection to assess the pathogenic effect of occult hepatitis C virus. METHODS Ten patients with occult hepatitis C virus infection were treated with pegylated-interferon plus ribavirin for 24 weeks and were followed-up 24 weeks after therapy. All patients had abnormal alanine aminotransferase, hepatitis C virus-RNA positive in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and liver necroinflammation. RESULTS At the end of treatment and follow-up, the percentage of patients with normal alanine aminotransferase was 80% (95% CI: 48-96%) and 60% (95% CI: 31-84%) respectively, and hepatitis C virus-RNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells was negative in 80% (95% CI: 48-96%) and 70% (95% CI: 40-90%) cases. At the end of follow-up sustained response was observed in 30% (95% CI: 11-61%) of cases. Five patients underwent a second liver biopsy. In all cases, liver hepatitis C virus-RNA persisted, although hepatitis C virus-RNA load was significantly lower (3.2 x 10(4) +/- 5.1 x 10(4) copies/microg RNA) than in the basal biopsy (2.4 x 10(5) +/- 3.8 x 10(5) copies/microg RNA); (P = 0.043). Necroinflammation and fibrosis decreased in three cases. CONCLUSION The biochemical, virological and histological response to therapy achieved in patients with occult hepatitis C virus infection demonstrates the pathologic effects of occult hepatitis C virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Pardo
- Fundación para el Estudio de las Hepatitis Virales, Madrid, Spain
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Rodríguez-Iñigo E, Bartolomé J, Ortiz-Movilla N, Platero C, López-Alcorocho JM, Pardo M, Castillo I, Carreño V. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) can coinfect the same hepatocyte in the liver of patients with chronic HCV and occult HBV infection. J Virol 2006; 79:15578-81. [PMID: 16306629 PMCID: PMC1316020 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.79.24.15578-15581.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, we have shown that hepatitis C virus (HCV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) can coexist in the same hepatocyte using double fluorescent in situ hybridization in liver biopsy samples from patients with chronic HCV infection with occult HBV infection. Digital image analysis of hybridization signals showed that the HBV DNA levels in coinfected hepatocytes were lower than those in cells infected only with HBV. This finding supports the hypothesis of inhibition of HBV replication by HCV. Furthermore, HCV RNA levels were lower in coinfected cells than in cells infected only with HCV, suggesting that HBV may also inhibit HCV replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Rodríguez-Iñigo
- Fundación para el Estudio de las Hepatitis Virales, C/ Guzmán El Bueno, 72, 28015 Madrid, Spain
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Castillo I, Rodríguez-Iñigo E, Bartolomé J, de Lucas S, Ortíz-Movilla N, López-Alcorocho JM, Pardo M, Carreño V. Hepatitis C virus replicates in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with occult hepatitis C virus infection. Gut 2005; 54:682-5. [PMID: 15831916 PMCID: PMC1774478 DOI: 10.1136/gut.2004.057281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Occult hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is characterised by the presence of HCV-RNA in the liver in the absence of anti-HCV, and serum viral RNA. Up to 70% of these patients also have HCV-RNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) but it is not known if HCV is replicating in these cells. AIM We studied possible HCV replication in PBMC of 18 patients with an occult HCV infection who were selected on the basis of HCV-RNA positivity in PBMC. METHODS Detection of HCV-RNA positive and negative strands in PBMC was done by strand specific reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and by in situ hybridisation. RESULTS The presence of HCV-RNA positive strand in PBMC was confirmed in all patients by strand specific RT-PCR and by in situ hybridisation. Mean percentage of PBMC which had the HCV-RNA positive strand was 3.3% (95% confidence interval (CI) 2.1-4.4) The HCV-RNA negative strand was found in the PBMC of 11/18 (61%) patients by strand specific RT-PCR and confirmed by in situ hybridisation, and the percentage of PBMC harbouring the HCV-RNA negative strand was 3.1% (95% CI 0.8-5.5). There was a significant correlation (p = 0.001, r = 0.84) between the percentage of PBMC with the HCV-RNA positive strand and that of PBMC with the HCV-RNA negative strand. CONCLUSION HCV replicates in the PBMC of patients with occult HCV infection and thus, although these patients do not have serum HCV-RNA, they could be potentially infectious.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Castillo
- Fundación para el Estudio de las Hepatitis Virales, Guzmán el Bueno, 72, 28015 Madrid, Spain
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Barril G, Castillo I, Arenas D, Rodriguez-Inigo E, Espinosa M, Garcia Valdecases J, Selgas R, Carreno V. High frequency of occult HCV infection in HD patients. Hemodial Int 2005. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1492-7535.2005.1121aj.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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39
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Barrueco N, Castillo I, Ais A, Martínez C, Sanjurjo M. Programa de atención farmacéutica a pacientes pediátricos en tratamiento antirretroviral. Farmacia Hospitalaria 2005; 29:367-74. [PMID: 16433569 DOI: 10.1016/s1130-6343(05)73698-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To present a pharmaceutical care program for pediatric patients receiving antiretroviral therapy. METHOD In order to establish the pharmaceutical care procedure, papers published up to 2004 on the pharmaceutical care provided to patients receiving antiretroviral therapy were reviewed through a search in Medline and the journal Farmacia Hospitalaria. In addition, bibliographic references that can be systematically used to analyze the pharmacotherapy of each patient have been selected. RESULTS The pharmaceutical care procedure is divided in three stages (data collection, analysis of the pharmacotherapeutic profile and resolution of the drug-related problems identified) that take place through a semi-structured type of interview. In order to systematize the role of the pharmacist, a table with information on antiretroviral drugs used in Pediatrics was created, as well as an information three-page leaflet and a data collection form. CONCLUSIONS The program includes the goals of the pharmaceutical care process as defined in the recommendations of GESIDA-SEFH-National AIDS Plan 2004 and systematizes the proposed intervention strategies, in an attempt to provide the patient and the caregiver with the information required for an optimum management, in the most comprehensive way and tailored to their individual characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Barrueco
- Servicio de Farmacia, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, C/Dr. Esquerdo 46, 28007 Madrid, Spain.
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40
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Veldt BJ, Saracco G, Boyer N, Cammà C, Bellobuono A, Hopf U, Castillo I, Weiland O, Nevens F, Hansen BE, Schalm SW. Long term clinical outcome of chronic hepatitis C patients with sustained virological response to interferon monotherapy. Gut 2004; 53:1504-8. [PMID: 15361504 PMCID: PMC1774235 DOI: 10.1136/gut.2003.038257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2004] [Accepted: 03/31/2004] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The key end point for treatment efficacy in chronic hepatitis C is absence of detectable virus at six months after treatment. However, the incidence of clinical events during long term follow up of patients with sustained virological response is still poorly documented and may differ between the Eastern and Western world. AIMS To assess clinical end points during long term follow up of European patients with a sustained virological response to interferon monotherapy. METHODS Meta-analysis of individual patient data from eight European protocolled follow up studies of interferon treatment for chronic hepatitis C. RESULTS A total of 286 sustained virological responders and 50 biochemical responders (detectable virus but normal alanine aminotransferase levels) were followed up for 59 months. Fifteen sustained virological responders (5.2%) had cirrhosis before treatment and 112 (39%) had genotype 1. The late virological relapse rate after five years of follow up was 4.7% (95% confidence interval (CI) 2.0-7.4) among sustained virological responders; all late relapses occurred within four years after treatment. Among sustained virological responders, the rate of decompensation after five years of follow up was 1.0% (95% CI 0.0-2.3) and none developed hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Survival was comparable with the general population, matched for age and sex, the standard mortality ratio being 1.4 (95% CI 0.3-2.5). Clinical outcome of patients with cirrhosis was similar to other sustained virological responders. For biochemical responders, the rates of development of decompensation and HCC during long term follow up were 9.1% (95% CI 0.5-17.7) and 7.1% (95% CI 0-15.0), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Five year survival of European sustained virological responders was similar to the overall population, matched for age and sex. No HCCs were detected during long term follow up.
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Affiliation(s)
- B J Veldt
- Erasmus MC, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Room CA 326, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Hernández C, Aragonés N, Estanyol N, Bartra J, Castillo I, Villalonga A. [Two cases of anaphylactic shock after metamizol given during postoperative recovery]. Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim 2004; 51:168-9. [PMID: 15200191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
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42
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Bartolomé J, Castillo I, Carreño V. Ribozymes as antiviral agents. Minerva Med 2004; 95:11-24. [PMID: 15041923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Ribozymes are RNA molecules with cleavage activity that can be engineered to specifically target a given RNA molecule. The hammerhead, hairpin and hepatitis delta virus ribozymes have been widely studied for their use as therapeutical agents. This review discusses the structure and properties of these ribozymes, along with the advances made in the development of these molecules for their application in the treatment of hepatitis B, hepatitis C and human immunodeficiency virus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Bartolomé
- Viral Hepatitis Research Foundation, Madrid, Spain
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43
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Codina Jané C, Tuset Creus M, Ibarra Barrueta O, Delgado Sánchez O, Morancho Echevarría O, García Díaz B, Escobar A, Martínez B, Butiñá T, Amador P, Estaún E, Sáinz A, Martínez N, Cal S, Gómez MR, López RM, Carmona A, Jiménez I, Moriel C, León J, Iranzo MD, Caro L, Castillo I, Bachiller P, Irastorza B, Gine M, Sala ML, Requena T, Santolaya R, Lluch A, Iruin A, Alfaro J. [Evaluation of a pharmaceutical care program to improve adherence to antiretroviral therapy]. Farm Hosp 2004; 28:19-26. [PMID: 15649112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To establish the impact of a pharmaceutical care program on the improvement of adherence to antiretroviral therapy, and on patient immunologic and virologic outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS A multicenter, observational, prospective study in a HIV-infected patient cohort under treatment with antiretrovirals selected by random sampling in 19 Spanish hospitals. The study lasted 12 months, in which the program was applied through a baseline preprocedural visit and 4 quarterly visits. Adherence estimation was based on pill counting. An adherence > or = 90, or > or = 95% was considered adequate (in two time points). RESULTS 541 patients were included, most of them were males (68.8%) between 20 and 78 years of age. Major risk groups included injecting drug users (43.4%) and heterosexuals (29.4%). Sixty percent had already received treatment for more than 3 years. Mean baseline viral load and CD4 count values were 32,866 copies/ml and 485 cells/mm3, respectively. Throughout the study a slight increase in the percentage of adherent patients was seen; however, statistical significance was not reached (64.3 and 79.2% of patients showed an adherence > 95 and > 90%, respectively, during the fourth quarter, versus 59.8 and 75.5% at baseline). A statistically significant decrease in viral load and increase in CD4 cells was seen following program application. The percentage of patients with a viral load < 200 copies/ml was 72.2, 76.7, and 75.0% at the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th quarters, respectively, versus 64.2% at baseline. CD4 cell counts increased by 50 cells/mm3 on average from the start to the end of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Patients included in the program had a good immunologic and virologic outcome, and a trend towards an increased percentage of patients with good adherence was also seen. These results confirm the need to implement follow-up programs for patients receiving antiretrovirals in order to ensure maximum therapeutic benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Codina Jané
- Servicio de Farmacia, Hospital Clín, 08036 Barcelona.
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Abstract
AIM To determine the clinical features of amiodarone induced optic neuropathy, which may help distinguish it from non-arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy. METHODS Retrospective observational case series of patients diagnosed with amiodarone induced optic neuropathy at the neuro-ophthalmology service from March 1998 to February 2001. Amiodarone was discontinued after discussion with the patient's cardiologist. Visual acuity, colour vision, automated perimetry, and funduscopy were performed on initial and follow up examinations. RESULTS Three patients with amiodarone induced optic neuropathy presented with mildly decreased vision, visual field defects, and bilateral optic disc swelling. Upon discontinuing the medication, visual function and optic disc swelling slowly improved in all three patients. CONCLUSION Amiodarone induced optic neuropathy can present with visual dysfunction, and is typically a bilateral process. Upon discontinuation of amiodarone, slow resolution of optic disc swelling occurs and visual function improves in some patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- P K Nagra
- Neuro-Ophthalmology Service, Wills Eye Hospital, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
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45
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Castillo I, Requena T, De Palencia PF, Fontecha J, Gobbetti M. Isolation and characterization of an intracellular esterase fromLactobacillus caseisubsp.caseiIFPL731. J Appl Microbiol 2001. [DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2672.1999.00708.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- I. Castillo
- Department of Dairy Science and Technology, Instituto del Frío (CSIC), Ciudad Universitaria, Madrid, Spain, and
| | - T. Requena
- Department of Dairy Science and Technology, Instituto del Frío (CSIC), Ciudad Universitaria, Madrid, Spain, and
| | - P. Fernández De Palencia
- Department of Dairy Science and Technology, Instituto del Frío (CSIC), Ciudad Universitaria, Madrid, Spain, and
| | - J. Fontecha
- Department of Dairy Science and Technology, Instituto del Frío (CSIC), Ciudad Universitaria, Madrid, Spain, and
| | - M. Gobbetti
- Instituto di Produzioni e Preparazioni Alimentari, Facoltà di Agraria di Foggia, Foggia, Italy
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Abstract
To investigate the potential role of Sm-Ph species as intermediates in the samarium-catalyzed redistribution of PhSiH3 to Ph2SiH2 and SiH4, the samarium phenyl complex [Cp*2SmPh]2 (1) was prepared by oxidation of Cp2*Sm (2) with HgPh2. Compound 1 thermally decomposes to yield benzene and the phenylene-bridged disamarium complex Cp*2Sm(mu-1,4-C6H4)SmCp*2 (3). This decomposition reaction appears to proceed through dissociation of 1 into monomeric Cp*2SmPh species which then react via unimolecular and bimolecular pathways, involving rate-limiting Cp* metalation and direct C-H activation, respectively. The observed rate law for this process is of the form: rate = k1[1] + k2[1]2. Complex 1 efficiently transfers its phenyl group to PhSiH3, with formation of Ph2SiH2 and [Cp*2Sm(mu-H)]2 (4). Quantitative Si-C bond cleavage of C6F5SiH3 is effected by the samarium hydride complex 4, yielding silane and [Cp*2Sm(mu-C6F5)]2 (5). In contrast, Si-H activation takes place upon reaction of 4 with o-MeOC6H4SiH3, affording the samarium silyl species [structure: see text] Cp*2SmSiH2(o-MeOC6H4) (7). Complex 7 rapidly decomposes to [Cp*2Sm(mu-o-MeOC6H4)]2 (6) and other samarium-containing products. Compounds 5 and 6 were prepared independently by oxidation of 2 with Hg(C6F5)2 and Hg(o-MeOC6H4)2, respectively. The mechanism of samarium-mediated redistribution at silicon, and chemoselectivity in sigma-bond metathesis reactions, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Castillo
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, USA
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47
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Castillo I, Lodeiros C, Núñez M, Campos I. [In vitro evaluation of antibacterial substances produced by bacteria isolated from different marine organisms]. REV BIOL TROP 2001; 49:1213-22. [PMID: 12189804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteria from several groups of marine organisms were isolated and, using direct antibiograms, identified those that produce antibacterial substances, using a human pathogenic strain of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC6538 as revealing microorganism. Bacteria which produce substances that inhibited S. aureus growth were identified through morphological, physiological and biochemical tests. Out of 290 bacteria, 54 (18.6%) inhibited the growth of S. aureus, but only 27 survived for identification. Bivalves, sponges and corals were the most represented from which 41.2, 33.3 and 29.7%, respectively, produced antibacterial substances of the isolated bacteria in each group. The marine species with highest proportions of these bacteria were the hard coral Madracis decactis (62.5%), the sponges Cliona sp. (57.1%) and the octocoral Plexaura flexuosa (50.0%). Out of the 27 strains that produced antibacterial substances, 51.8% were Aeromonas spp. and 14.8% Vibrio spp. Marine bacteria that produce antibacterial substances are abundant, most belong in the Vibrionacea group and were isolated mainly from corals and bivalve mollusks.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Castillo
- Laboratorio de Acuicultura, Dpto. Biología Pesquera, Instituto Oceanográfico de Venezuela
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48
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López-Alcorocho JM, Mariscal LF, de Lucas S, Rodríguez-Iñigo E, Casqueiro M, Castillo I, Bartolomé J, Herrero M, Manzano ML, Pardo M, Carreño V. Presence of TTV DNA in serum, liver and peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with chronic hepatitis. J Viral Hepat 2000; 7:440-7. [PMID: 11115056 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2893.2000.00252.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The main site of TT virus (TTV) replication remains unknown. Therefore, we have studied the presence and titres of TTV DNA in paired serum, liver and PBMC samples from 50 patients with liver disease (32 with chronic hepatitis B or C, seven with cryptogenic hepatitis and 11 with nonviral liver disease) were included. TTV DNA was analysed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using primers from the open reading frame 1 (ORF 1) and from the untranslated region (UTR) and titres were semiquantified by PCR using an external standard. TTV DNA was detected in 26% of serum, 24% of liver and 14% of PBMC samples with ORF 1 primers. When UTR primers were used, 70% of serum and liver samples and 64% of PBMC were TTV DNA positive. No differences between TTV positive and negative patients were found regarding epidemiological or biochemical parameters. Trypsin treatment and fluorescent in situ hybridization confirm the intracellular location of TTV in PBMC. The mean of TTV DNA titres was statistically higher in liver than in serum or PBMC. TTV titres in serum correlated with those in PBMC but not with those in liver. In conclusion, although the liver seems to be the main site for TTV replication, this virus is also able to infect PBMC.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS There are no data about the influence of handling conditions of liver biopsies on the integrity of viral RNAs. We studied the influence of the time delay between obtaining and freezing the liver biopsy on the stability of intrahepatic positive and negative hepatitis C virus RNA (HCV-RNA) strands. METHODS Liver samples from 30 anti-HCV patients were included. For each case, one portion of the liver biopsy (first sample) was immediately frozen (20-28 s), while the other section (second sample) was kept at room temperature (1-30 min) before freezing. Each experimental time point was performed in triplicate using liver samples from three different patients. Semi-quantitative analysis of the positive and negative HCV-RNA strands and of the al-antitrypsin mRNA was performed by a Tth-based reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS A significant time-related decrease in both positive (r=-0.8412, p=0.001) and negative (r=-0.8539, p=0.001) HCV-RNA strand titres was found in the second liver fractions. There were no appreciable changes in RNA titres in those samples frozen after less than 3 min. The RNA titres decreased in all but two samples incubated for 4-30 min. Thus, 3/15 (20%) and 7/11 (64%) of these samples lost positive and negative HCV-RNA strands, respectively. Alpha-1-antitrypsin mRNA titres decreased significantly (r=-0.8935, p=0.01) in those samples kept at room temperature for more than 4 min. CONCLUSION Freezing of liver samples immediately after extraction is crucial to avoid false negative HCV-RNA detection results, especially for the antigenomic RNA strand.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Madejón
- Department of Hepatology, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, and Fundación para el Estudio de las Hepatitis Virales, Madrid, Spain
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50
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Pedraza V, Cueto J, Castillo I, Gonzalo C, Romero MJ, Zuluaga A. [Critical vision in the treatment of invasive vesical cancer with ionizing radiation]. ARCH ESP UROL 1999; 52:662-74. [PMID: 10484850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review the treatment of invasive bladder cancer with ionizing radiation. METHODS Patient selection criteria, prognostic factors, treatment of different tumor types with radiation using different strategies alone or in combination with chemotherapy are analyzed in the literature. RESULTS/CONCLUSIONS The role of radiotherapy in the treatment of invasive carcinoma of the bladder is crucial: 1) preoperative radiotherapy in combination with radical surgery achieves results comparable with those of cystectomy in terms of survival and a higher local control rate; 2) used in combination with cisplatin post-TUR, irradiation is highly effective for local control of the tumor and bladder preservation, with complete remission rates ranging from 60-70%, which are higher than those of radical cystectomy; 3) in this latter therapeutic modality the effect of radiotherapy is dose-related and is influenced by factors such as tumor size, presence or absence of urinary obstruction, presence of multiple lesions on the bladder wall and extravesical spread. Over the last few years, a number of therapeutic procedures have been developed, which can improve the previously mentioned results when used appropriately. Among these are hyperfractionation, accelerated irradiation and concomitant radio and chemotherapy. Studies to determine tumor radiosensitivity (Fs2/a) and the use of gene therapy could enhance the tumor control rate in the future, although a system for the selection on patients for conservative or multilating treatment based on clinical, clinicopathological and scientific criteria will have to be developed. Finally, the use of special techniques, particularly brachytherapy and intraoperative irradiation, in combination with external radiotherapy has achieved excellent results (high local control and survival rates) in certain situations, basically in single/small-sized tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Pedraza
- Servicio de Radioterapia, Hospital Clinico Universitario, Granada, España
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