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Lopes ACCB, do Nascimento JR, Camara MBP, Lima ADS, Lopes GLN, do Nascimento MO, Xavier JKAM, de Jesus CM, Mendonça CDJS, Carvalho ALM, Silva LA, da Rocha CQ. Chemical Characterization, Leishmanicidal Activity and In Vitro Cytotoxicity of the Essential Oil Extracted from Pectis brevipedunculata (Gardner) Sch.Bip. and Its Incorporation into Microemulsion Systems. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:87. [PMID: 38258098 PMCID: PMC10818420 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16010087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Pectis brevipedunculata (Gardner) Sch.Bip., known in Brazil as alecrim do campo, is a small Asteraceae family plant with a calming effect and consumed as tea. This species contains components, such as neral and geranial, that display various biological activities, such as leishmanicidal. The aim was to chemically characterize the essential oil (EO) obtained from P. brevipedunculata (EO-PB) by hydrodistillation and a microemulsion formulated with EO (ME-PB), Tween 80 and Transcutol P, assess the leishmanicidal effect against Leishmania (L.) amazonensis promastigotes and cytotoxicity against RAW 264.7. EO-PB and ME-PB were analyzed by Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS). Monoterpene hydrocarbons were noteworthy among the identified compounds. The main EO-PB constituents were α-pinene and limonene, followed by neral and geranial, which were maintained in ME-PB. EO-PB presented an inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 20 µg/mL and ME-PB of 0.93 µg/mL. ME-PB inhibition towards the parasite was 20-fold higher than that of EO-PB. This indicated that EO incorporation to the microemulsion resulted in optimized biological activity. Selectivity indices indicate that ME-PB is more selective concerning parasite inhibition. Thus, ME-PB may comprise an adequate approach against Leishmania, as the inhibitory concentration (IC50) promastigotes was lower than that considered toxic for cells cell cytotoxicity of 50% (CC50).
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Affiliation(s)
- Auxiliadora Cristina Correa Barata Lopes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia da Rede BIONORTE (PPG-BIONORTE), Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís 65080-805, MA, Brazil; (A.C.C.B.L.); (M.B.P.C.)
| | | | - Marcos Bispo Pinheiro Camara
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia da Rede BIONORTE (PPG-BIONORTE), Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís 65080-805, MA, Brazil; (A.C.C.B.L.); (M.B.P.C.)
| | - Aldilene da Silva Lima
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís 65080-805, MA, Brazil; (A.d.S.L.); (J.K.A.M.X.); (C.d.J.S.M.)
| | - Gláucia Laís Nunes Lopes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil; (G.L.N.L.); (M.O.d.N.); (A.L.M.C.)
| | - Matheus Oliveira do Nascimento
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil; (G.L.N.L.); (M.O.d.N.); (A.L.M.C.)
| | - Júlia Karla Albuquerque Melo Xavier
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís 65080-805, MA, Brazil; (A.d.S.L.); (J.K.A.M.X.); (C.d.J.S.M.)
| | - Caroline Martins de Jesus
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Imperatriz 65900-410, MA, Brazil;
| | - Cáritas de Jesus Silva Mendonça
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís 65080-805, MA, Brazil; (A.d.S.L.); (J.K.A.M.X.); (C.d.J.S.M.)
| | - André Luis Menezes Carvalho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil; (G.L.N.L.); (M.O.d.N.); (A.L.M.C.)
| | - Lucilene Amorim Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís 65080-805, MA, Brazil;
| | - Cláudia Quintino da Rocha
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia da Rede BIONORTE (PPG-BIONORTE), Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís 65080-805, MA, Brazil; (A.C.C.B.L.); (M.B.P.C.)
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís 65080-805, MA, Brazil; (A.d.S.L.); (J.K.A.M.X.); (C.d.J.S.M.)
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