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Vermeersch AS, Ali M, Gansemans Y, Van Nieuwerburgh F, Ducatelle R, Geldhof P, Deforce D, Callens J, Opsomer G. An in-depth investigation of the microbiota and its virulence factors associated with severe udder cleft dermatitis lesions. J Dairy Sci 2024; 107:3219-3234. [PMID: 38135052 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-24180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Udder cleft dermatitis (UCD) is a skin condition affecting the anterior parts of the udder in dairy cattle. In the present study, we aimed to shed light on the microbiota in severe UCD lesions versus healthy udder skin by putting forward a taxonomic and functional profile based on a virulence factor analysis. Through shotgun metagenomic sequencing, we found a high proportion of bacteria in addition to a low abundance of archaea. A distinct clustering of healthy udder skin versus UCD lesion samples was shown by applying principal component analysis and (sparse) partial least squares analysis on the metagenomic data. Proteobacteria, Bacillota, and Actinomycetota were among the most abundant phyla in healthy udder skin samples. In UCD samples, Bacteroidota was the most abundant phylum. At genus level, Bifidobacterium spp. had the highest relative abundance in healthy skin samples, whereas Porphyromonas spp. and Corynebacterium spp. had the highest relative abundance in UCD samples. In the differential abundance analysis, Porphyromonas spp. and Bacteroides spp. were significantly differentially abundant in UCD samples, whereas Bifidobacterium spp., Staphylococcus sp. AntiMn-1, and Staphylococcus equorum were more commonly found in healthy samples. Moreover, the abundance of several treponeme phylotypes was significantly higher in lesion samples. The streptococcal cysteine protease speB was among the most abundant virulence factors present in severe UCD lesions, while a plethora of virulence factors such as the antitoxin relB were downregulated, possibly contributing to creating the ideal wound climate for the dysbiotic community. Network analysis showed healthy lesion samples had a large network ofpositive, correlations between the abundances of beneficial species such as Aerococcus urinaeequi and Bifidobacterium angulatum, indicating that the healthy skin microbiome forms an active protective bacterial network, which is disrupted in case of UCD. In UCD samples, a smaller microbial network mainly consisting of positive correlations between the abundances of Bacteroides fragilis and anaerobic Bacteroidota was exposed. Moreover, a high correlation between the taxonomic data and virulence factors was revealed, concurrently with 2 separate networks of microbes and virulence factors. One network, matching with the taxonomic findings in the healthy udder skin samples, showcased a community of harmless or beneficial bacteria, such as Bifidobacterium spp. and Butyrivibrio proteoclasticus, associated with hcnB, hcnC, relB, glyoxalase, and cupin 2. The other network, corresponding to UCD samples, consisted of pathogenic or facultative pathogenic and mainly anaerobic bacteria such as Treponema spp., Mycoplasmopsis spp., and bovine gammaherpesvirus 4, that correlated with virulence factors SpvB, fhaB, and haemagglutination activity domain-associated factor. Our results point toward a dysbiotic community with a notable decrease in diversity and evenness, with a loss of normal skin inhabitants and innocuous or useful species making way for predominantly anaerobic, facultative pathogens. The shift in the abundance of virulence factors such as fhaB and SpvB could play a role in the manifestation of a local micro-environment favorable to the microbiome associated with udder skin lesions. Lastly, the presence of specific networks between microbial species, and between microbes and virulence factors was shown.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Vermeersch
- Department of Internal Medicine, Reproduction and Population Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
| | - M Ali
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Y Gansemans
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - F Van Nieuwerburgh
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - R Ducatelle
- Department of Pathobiology, Pharmacology and Zoological Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - P Geldhof
- Department of Translational Physiology, Infectiology and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - D Deforce
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - J Callens
- Dierengezondheidszorg Vlaanderen, 8820 Torhout, Belgium
| | - G Opsomer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Reproduction and Population Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
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Vermeersch AS, Ali M, Gansemans Y, Van Nieuwerburgh F, Geldhof P, Ducatelle R, Deforce D, Callens J, Opsomer G. Severe udder cleft dermatitis lesion transcriptomics points to an impaired skin barrier, defective wound repair and a dysregulated inflammatory response as key elements in the pathogenesis. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0288347. [PMID: 37486897 PMCID: PMC10365316 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
This study is the first to investigate the transcriptomic changes occurring in severe udder cleft dermatitis lesions (UCD) in Holstein-Friesian cows. An examination of the gene expression levels in natural UCD lesions and healthy udder skin through RNA Seq-Technology provided a deeper insight into the inflammatory pathways associated with this disease. A clear distinction between the gene expression patterns of UCD lesions and healthy skin was shown in the principal component analysis. Genes coding for inflammatory molecules were upregulated such as the chemokines C-X-C motif ligand 2 (CXCL2), 5 (CXCL5) and 8 (CXCL8), and C-C motif ligand 11 (CCL11). Moreover, the genes coding for the multifunctional molecules ADAM12 and SLPI were amongst the highest upregulated ones, whereas the most downregulated genes included the ones coding for keratins and keratin-associated molecules. Predominantly inflammatory pathways such as the chemokine signaling, cytokine receptor interaction and IL-17 signaling pathway were significantly upregulated in the pathway analysis. These results point towards a fulminant, dysregulated inflammatory response concomitant with a disruption of the skin barrier integrity and a hampered wound repair mechanism in severe UCD lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Vermeersch
- Department of Internal Medicine, Reproduction and Population Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - M Ali
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Y Gansemans
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - F Van Nieuwerburgh
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - P Geldhof
- Department of Translational Physiology, Infectiology and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - R Ducatelle
- Department of Pathobiology, Pharmacology and Zoological Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - D Deforce
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - J Callens
- Dierengezondheidszorg Vlaanderen, Torhout, Belgium
| | - G Opsomer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Reproduction and Population Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
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Kemel C, Salamone M, Van Loo H, Latour C, Vandeputte S, Callens J, Hostens M, Opsomer G. Unaffected semen quality parameters in Neospora caninum seropositive Belgian Blue bulls. Theriogenology 2022; 191:10-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Pardon B, Callens J, Maris J, Allais L, Van Praet W, Deprez P, Ribbens S. Pathogen-specific risk factors in acute outbreaks of respiratory disease in calves. J Dairy Sci 2020; 103:2556-2566. [PMID: 31954585 PMCID: PMC7094370 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2019-17486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Respiratory tract infections (bovine respiratory disease) are a major concern in calf rearing. The objective of this study was to identify pathogen-specific risk factors associated with epidemic respiratory disease in calves. A cross-sectional study was conducted, involving 128 outbreaks (29 dairy, 58 dairy-mixed, and 41 beef) in Belgium (2016–2018). A semiquantitative PCR for 7 respiratory pathogens was done on a pooled nonendoscopic bronchoalveolar lavage sample for each herd. Potential risk factors were collected by questionnaire and derived from the national cattle registration databank. Most outbreaks occurred between October and March, and single and multiple viral infections were detected in 58.6% (75/128) and 13.3% (17/128), respectively. Bovine coronavirus (BCV) was the most frequently isolated virus (38.4%), followed by bovine respiratory syncytial virus (bRSV; 29.4%) and parainfluenzavirus type 3 (PI-3; 8.1%). Mycoplasma bovis, Mannheimia haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, and Histophilus somni were detected in 33.3, 41.2, 89.1, and 36.4% of the herds, respectively. Specific risk factors for BCV detection were detection of M. haemolytica [odds ratio (OR) = 2.8 (95% confidence interval = 1.1–7.5)], increasing herd size [OR = 1.3 (1.0–1.8) for each increase with 100 animals] and detection of BCV by antigen ELISA on feces in calves in the last year [OR = 3.6 (1.2–11.1)]. A seasonal effect was shown for bRSV only {more in winter compared with autumn [OR = 10.3 (2.8–37.5)]}. Other factors associated with bRSV were PI-3 detection [OR = 13.4 (2.1–86.0)], prevalence of calves with respiratory disease [OR = 1.02 (1.00–1.04) per 1% increase], and number of days with respiratory signs before sampling [OR = 0.99 (0.98–0.99) per day increase]. Next to its association with BCV, M. haemolytica was more frequently detected in herds with 5 to 10 animals per pen [OR = 8.0 (1.4–46.9)] compared with <5 animals, and in herds with sawdust as bedding [OR = 18.3 (1.8–191.6)]. Also, for H. somni, housing on sawdust was a risk factor [OR = 5.2 (1.2–23.0)]. Purchase of cattle [OR = 2.9 (1.0–8.0)] and housing of recently purchased animals in the same airspace [OR = 5.0 (1.5–16.5)] were risk factors for M. bovis. This study identified pathogen-specific risk factors that might be useful for the development of customized control and prevention and for the design of decision support tools to justify antimicrobial use by predicting the most likely pathogen before sampling results are available.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Pardon
- Department of Large Animal Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
| | - J Callens
- Animal Health Service Flanders (DGZ Vlaanderen), Industrielaan 29, 8820 Torhout, Belgium
| | - J Maris
- Boehringer Ingelheim Belgium, Arianelaan 16, 1200 Sint-Lambrechts-Wolume, Belgium
| | - L Allais
- Animal Health Service Flanders (DGZ Vlaanderen), Industrielaan 29, 8820 Torhout, Belgium
| | - W Van Praet
- Animal Health Service Flanders (DGZ Vlaanderen), Industrielaan 29, 8820 Torhout, Belgium
| | - P Deprez
- Department of Large Animal Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - S Ribbens
- Animal Health Service Flanders (DGZ Vlaanderen), Industrielaan 29, 8820 Torhout, Belgium
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De Bie J, Proost K, Van Loo H, Callens J, Bols PEJ, Fransen E, Leroy JLMR. β-carotene and vitamin E in the dairy industry: blood levels and influencing factors – a case study in Flanders. VLAAMS DIERGEN TIJDS 2019. [DOI: 10.21825/vdt.v88i3.16018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In this case study performed in Flemish dairy herds, it is shown that lactation stage, farm type (grazing (fresh grass) or zero-grazing) and season are interrelated factors associated with circulating β-carotene (bC) and Vitamin E (VitE) concentrations. The iCheck bC is an easy applicable cow-side test to evaluate a cow’s bC status. One third of the dairy cows in the study had deficiencies in circulating bC and VitE, especially cows in early lactation and cows from zerograzing farms. Fresh grass in the diet could not resolve the early post-partum decline in plasma bC and VitE. However, the bC and VitE statuses of dry cows were significantly better on grazing farms. These findings can help updating antioxidant recommendations since it is clear that there is a need for optimization of antioxidant nutritional management in the Flemish dairy industry in order to feed for optimal dairy cow health.
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Wauters L, Peeters K, Van Hootegem A, Goetstouwers P, Delvaux P, Callens J. Meckel's enterolith : a rare cause of mechanical small bowel subobstruction. Acta Gastroenterol Belg 2018; 81:534-537. [PMID: 30645926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Meckel's diverticulum is the most common congenital gastrointestinal malformation and may present with bleeding, obstruction and diverticulitis. Symptomatic Meckel's diverticulum is associated with age <50 years, male gender, diverticular length > 2 cm and ectopic mucosa. Formation of enteroliths is a rare complication of Meckel's diverticulum and the majority of stones will remain in the diverticulum. Factors promoting enterolith formation through precipitation of calcium in the small intestinal alkaline environment include stasis as well as diverticular anatomy and histology. Mechanical obstruction due to liberation of enteroliths is even more rare and other mechanisms include intussusception, adhesions, volvulus and neoplasms. Visualization of enteroliths on plain abdominal films is challenging because not all stones are radiopaque. Surgical diverticulectomy or segmental bowel resection with anastomosis is preferred in case of complications. We present a case of mechanical small bowel sub-obstruction resulting from an expelled Meckel's enterolith.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Wauters
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - K Peeters
- Department of General Surgery, AZ Klina, Brasschaat, Belgium
| | - A Van Hootegem
- Department of Gastroenterology, AZ Klina, Brasschaat, Belgium
| | - P Goetstouwers
- Department of Gastroenterology, AZ Klina, Brasschaat, Belgium
| | - P Delvaux
- Department of General Surgery, AZ Klina, Brasschaat, Belgium
| | - J Callens
- Department of Gastroenterology, AZ Klina, Brasschaat, Belgium
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Gille L, Callens J, Supré K, Boyen F, Haesebrouck F, Van Driessche L, van Leenen K, Deprez P, Pardon B. Use of a breeding bull and absence of a calving pen as risk factors for the presence of Mycoplasma bovis in dairy herds. J Dairy Sci 2018; 101:8284-8290. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-14940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Fahrleitner-Pammer A, Papaioannou N, Gielen E, Feudjo Tepie M, Toffis C, Frieling I, Geusens P, Makras P, Boschitsch E, Callens J, Anastasilakis AD, Niedhart C, Resch H, Kalouche-Khalil L, Hadji P. Factors associated with high 24-month persistence with denosumab: results of a real-world, non-interventional study of women with postmenopausal osteoporosis in Germany, Austria, Greece, and Belgium. Arch Osteoporos 2017; 12:58. [PMID: 28643265 PMCID: PMC5486684 DOI: 10.1007/s11657-017-0351-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Persistence with osteoporosis therapy is vital for fracture prevention. This non-interventional study of postmenopausal women receiving denosumab in Germany, Austria, Greece, and Belgium found that persistence with denosumab remains consistently high after 24 months in patients at high risk of fracture. PURPOSE Continued persistence with osteoporosis therapy is vital for fracture prevention. This non-interventional study of clinical practice evaluated medication-taking behavior of postmenopausal women receiving denosumab in Germany, Austria, Greece, and Belgium and factors influencing persistence. METHODS Subcutaneous denosumab (60 mg every 6 months) was assigned according to prescribing information and local guidelines before and independently of enrollment; outcomes were recorded during routine practice for up to 24 months. Persistence was defined as receiving the subsequent injection within 6 months + 8 weeks of the previous injection and adherence as administration of subsequent injections within 6 months ± 4 weeks of the previous injection. Medication coverage ratio (MCR) was calculated as the proportion of time a patient was covered by denosumab. Associations between pre-specified baseline covariates and 24-month persistence were assessed using multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS The 24-month analyses included 1479 women (mean age 66.3-72.5 years) from 140 sites; persistence with denosumab was 75.1-86.0%, adherence 62.9-70.1%, and mean MCR 87.4-92.4%. No covariate had a significant effect on persistence across all four countries. For three countries, a recent fall decreased persistence; patients were generally older with chronic medical conditions. In some countries, other covariates (e.g., older age, comorbidity, immobility, and prescribing reasons) decreased persistence. Adverse drug reactions were reported in 2.3-6.9% patients. CONCLUSIONS Twenty-four-month persistence with denosumab is consistently high among postmenopausal women in Europe and may be influenced by patient characteristics. Further studies are needed to identify determinants of low persistence.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Fahrleitner-Pammer
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - N Papaioannou
- Medical School, Laboratory for the Research of Musculoskeletal System, KAT Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - E Gielen
- Department of Geriatrics and Center for Metabolic Bone Diseases, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | | | | | - P Geusens
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
- University Hasselt, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - P Makras
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, 251 Hellenic Airforce and VA General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - E Boschitsch
- Ambulatorium KLIMAX, Menopause and Osteoporosis Clinic, Vienna, Austria
| | - J Callens
- Department of Orthopedics, Rheumatology and Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, AZ Zeno, Knokke, Belgium
| | - A D Anastasilakis
- Department of Endocrinology, 424 General Military Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - H Resch
- Medical Department II, St Vincent Hospital, Academic Teaching Hospital of the Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Medical Faculty, Sigmund Freud University, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - P Hadji
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Krankenhaus Nordwest, Frankfurt, Germany.
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Callens J, Van Eycken L, Henau K, Garmyn M. Epidemiology of basal and squamous cell carcinoma in Belgium: the need for a uniform and compulsory registration. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2016; 30:1912-1918. [PMID: 27256411 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.13703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is the most common type of cancer among Caucasians, however, few data exist on its incidence. Because of a sheer volume of these tumours, NMSC is often not systematically registered. OBJECTIVE To describe and analyse the incidence of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in Belgium. METHODS Incidence data of BCC and SCC, including multiple primary skin tumours in the same patient, were extracted from the Belgian Cancer Registry from 2004 to 2012 (predominantly coming from pathology notifications). Belgian legislation makes cancer registration compulsory for oncological care programmes and for all pathological anatomy laboratories. RESULTS Between 2004 and 2012, 113 254 BCC and 33 153 SCC cases were reported in Belgium. A total of 130 339 patients had 146 407 tumours. Approximately, 10% of the patients (12 759 patients) had multiple tumours. The world age-standardised incidence rate (WSR) for BCC increased from 36.9 in 2004 to 98.4 per 100 000 person years in 2012 for males and from 34.2 in 2004 to 102.0 in 2012 for females. For SCC, the WSR increased from 14.9 in 2004 to 24.7 in 2012 for males and from 6.8 in 2004 to 13.5 in 2012 for females. CONCLUSIONS From 2004 to 2012, the incidence of BCC and SCC markedly rose in Belgium, as also seen worldwide. Known causes are increased sun exposure caused by changed sunlight-related behaviour (increased outdoor activities and holidays, use of tanning beds and changes in clothing style), ageing and improved registration. Because of their high and increasing incidence, these cancers will have major implications on healthcare planning and preventive measures. Therefore, we recommend compulsory registration, whenever is possible, of BCC and SCC, although it is an ambitious objective, especially in countries with a high burden of these tumours and in countries where registration is currently unavailable.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Callens
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | | | - K Henau
- Belgian Cancer Registry, Brussels, Belgium
| | - M Garmyn
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Van Hulle SWH, Callens J, Mampaey KE, van Loosdrecht MCM, Volcke EIP. N2O and NO emissions during autotrophic nitrogen removal in a granular sludge reactor--a simulation study. Environ Technol 2012; 33:2281-2290. [PMID: 23393969 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2012.665492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
This contribution deals with NO and N2O emissions during autotrophic nitrogen removal in a granular sludge reactor. Two possible model scenarios describing this emission by ammonium- oxidizing biomass have been compared in a simulation study of a granular sludge reactor for one-stage partial nitritation--Anammox. No significant difference between these two scenarios was noticed. The influence of the bulk oxygen concentration, granule size, reactor temperature and ammonium load on the NO and N2O emissions has been assessed. The simulation results indicate that emission maxima of NO and N2O coincide with the region for optimal Anammox conversion. Also, most of the NO and N2O are present in the off-gas, owing to the limited solubility of both gases. The size of granules needs to be large enough not to limit optimal Anammox activity, but not too large as this implies an elevated production of N2O. Temperature has a significant influence on N2O emission, as a higher temperature results in a better N-removal efficiency and a lowered N2O production. Statistical analysis of the results showed that there is a strong correlation between nitrite accumulation and N2O production. Further, three regions of operation can be distinguished: a region with high N2O, NO and nitrite concentration; a region with high N2 concentrations and, as such, high removal percentages; and a region with high oxygen and nitrate concentrations. There is some overlap between the first two regions, which is in line with the fact that maximum emission of NO and N2O coincides with the region for optimal Anammox conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- S W H Van Hulle
- Research Group EnBiChem, University College West Flanders, Ghent University Association, Graaf Karel de Goedelaan 5, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium
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Pardon B, De Bleecker K, Dewulf J, Callens J, Boyen F, Catry B, Deprez P. Prevalence of respiratory pathogens in diseased, non-vaccinated, routinely medicated veal calves. Vet Rec 2011; 169:278. [DOI: 10.1136/vr.d4406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B. Pardon
- Department of Large Animal Internal Medicine; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Ghent University; Salisburylaan 133 9820 Merelbeke Belgium
| | - K. De Bleecker
- Animal Health Service Flanders; Industrielaan 29 8820 Torhout Belgium
| | - J. Dewulf
- Veterinary Epidemiology Unit; Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Ghent University; Salisburylaan 133 9820 Merelbeke Belgium
| | - J. Callens
- Animal Health Service Flanders; Industrielaan 29 8820 Torhout Belgium
| | - F. Boyen
- Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Medicine; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Ghent University; Salisburylaan 133 9820 Merelbeke Belgium
| | - B. Catry
- Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance; Scientific Institute of Public Health; Rue Juliette Wytsmanstraat 14 1050 Brussels Belgium
| | - P. Deprez
- Department of Large Animal Internal Medicine; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Ghent University; Salisburylaan 133 9820 Merelbeke Belgium
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Garigliany M, De Leeuw I, Kleijnen D, Vandenbussche F, Callens J, Van Loo H, Lebrun M, Saulmont M, Desmecht D, De Clercq K. The presence of bluetongue virus serotype 8 RNA in Belgian cattle since 2008. Transbound Emerg Dis 2011; 58:503-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1865-1682.2011.01230.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Pardon B, Steukers L, Dierick J, Ducatelle R, Saey V, Maes S, Vercauteren G, De Clercq K, Callens J, De Bleecker K, Deprez P. Haemorrhagic diathesis in neonatal calves: an emerging syndrome in Europe. Transbound Emerg Dis 2010; 57:135-46. [PMID: 20202175 DOI: 10.1111/j.1865-1682.2010.01098.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In 2008 and 2009 a large number of cases of haemorrhagic diathesis (HD) in neonatal calves were reported in different European countries. In Flanders, 84 cases of neonatal HD in 30 herds were reported in this period. The disease typically affects calves younger than 1 month old from different breed and gender. Prominent clinical signs are cutaneous bleeding, petechiae on all mucosae, melena and often high fever. Early in the disease, the mental state of the animals is uncompromised. The typical haematological finding is pancytopenia, with severe to complete thrombocytopenia being the cause of the increased susceptibility to bleeding. In seven of the affected herds blood samples of calves of the same age group as the clinical case were collected and on six of those farms at least one subclinical case could be identified. Necropsy findings were generalized petechiae, ecchymoses or haemorrhages and variable lymphadenopathy. Histopathology of haemorrhagic lesions revealed multifocal extravasation of red blood cells (haemorrhage) with preservation of tissue architecture and absence of other abnormalities. Total bone marrow aplasia and depletion of all lymphoid tissue was the most prominent finding on histology. Activated macrophages and haemophagocytosis were seen on bone marrow cytology from two live calves. Polymerase chain reaction for bovine viral diarrhoea virus, bluetongue and epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus was negative. Several attempts to isolate a viral agent were unsuccessful.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Pardon
- Department of Large Animal Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium.
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Blom RM, Vrijhof I, Callens J, Volders W, Brusselaers H, Degryse H. Pseudomyxoma peritonei of appendiceal origin. JBR-BTR 2009; 92:140-141. [PMID: 19670568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R M Blom
- Department of Medical Imaging, AZ KLINA, Brasschaat, Belgium
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15
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Moore N, Verschuren X, Montout C, Callens J, Kong SX, Bégaud B. Excess costs related to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug utilization in general practice. Therapie 2000; 55:133-6. [PMID: 10860014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Data concerning the reasons for consultation and the use of NSAIDs were collected in 4643 patients, seen by 126 GPs over 2 days' consultation. In all, 11.6 per cent took NSAIDs. They were older (49 vs. 46 years, p = 0.02), took more drugs (3 vs. 2.5, p < 0.01), and more had ADRs (8 vs 2 per cent) than non-users, even after correction for age, sex and number of drugs taken. Some 33 per cent of NSAID users also took adjuvant medication for the prevention of gastric injury (including with COX-2 inhibitors meloxicam, nimesulide). Estimated excess costs associated with NSAID use were high, related to excess consultations (GP or specialist, for ADRs, approx. 5-8 million Euros per year in France) and to use of preventive medication (100 million Euros per year at least).
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Affiliation(s)
- N Moore
- Département de Pharmacologie, CHU de Bordeaux, France
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16
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Chevalier J, Thery D, Callens J. [Reduction of traumatic dislocation of the shoulder. For a gentler approach....]. J Chir (Paris) 1990; 127:490-1. [PMID: 2262525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Early traumatic anterior dislocation of the shoulder may be reduced very easily using a method combining gentle traction along the axis of the arm, slow external rotation and outwards pressure on the humeral head with the patient seated. This gentle method does not require sedation or analgesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Chevalier
- Service de Chirurgie Générale, Hôpital de la Charité, Lille
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17
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Griez E, Callens J. [Unexpected effect of repetition of imaged behavior]. Can J Psychiatry 1983; 28:371-3. [PMID: 6627195 DOI: 10.1177/070674378302800508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
In order to examine the efficiency of covert behavior rehearsal, 33 subjects, randomly assigned to three groups, were submitted to a task in a social condition. To reduce the stress-induced anxiety, the participants of the first group had been prepare by covert behavior rehearsal in a relaxed condition. Those of the second group received only relaxation and the third group had no preparation at all. The behavior rehearsal had no positive effect on the efficacy of the task execution. Moreover, a negative influence appeared. The results are discussed.
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18
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Langeron P, Callens J, Croccel L, Leuridan B, Abu-Ata S. [Occlusive accidents during anticoagulant treatment. Intramural hematoma of the small intestine (4 cases)]. Chirurgie 1972; 98:199-205. [PMID: 4648809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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19
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Callens J. [Current means of breast tumor diagnosis]. J Sci Med Lille 1971; 89:355-64. [PMID: 5126668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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20
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Callens J, Saout J, Bouchez J. [A case of testicular dysembryoma (medullo-epithelioma)]. J Sci Med Lille 1971; 89:365-7. [PMID: 5126669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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21
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Leuridan B, Sigam M, Callens J, Langeron P. [Spontaneous rupture of the spleen revealing a chronic myeloid leukemia]. J Sci Med Lille 1970; 88:537-41. [PMID: 5273931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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22
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Callens J. [Total prosthesis of the hip]. J Sci Med Lille 1970; 88:543-6. [PMID: 5482069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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23
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Choteau P, Batteur G, Callens J, Empereur-Buisson R, Vandecandelaere P, Camelot J. [Etiopathogenic discussion of 2 cases of neurotrophic osteoarthropathy]. J Sci Med Lille 1970; 88:177-89. [PMID: 5511948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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24
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Callens J, Corette L. [Marsupialization in bartholinitis]. J Sci Med Lille 1969; 87:367-9. [PMID: 5393941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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25
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Camelot J, Vincent G, Callens J. [Surgery on patients with sciatics due to discal hernia. Reflections on 47 cases]. J Sci Med Lille 1968; 86:767-72. [PMID: 5720275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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26
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Gaudefroy M, Wiart P, Callens J. [On about 100 cases of celioscopy]. J Sci Med Lille 1968; 86:607-11. [PMID: 5757876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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27
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Camelot J, Vincent G, Callens J, Bayart M. [Metastases revealing thyroid cancer]. J Sci Med Lille 1968; 86:501-5. [PMID: 5739777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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28
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Saout J, Callens J. [An unusual skin tumor: Pinkus' fibroepithelioma. A cas]. J Sci Med Lille 1968; 86:489-93. [PMID: 5739776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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29
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Fournier A, Pauli A, Callens J, Cousin J, Decherf A. [Testicular infarct in rheumatoid purpura]. J Sci Med Lille 1967; 85:397-401. [PMID: 5619178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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30
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Giard P, Vincent G, Emperuer-Buisson R, Callens J, Leuridan B. [Intermittent volvulus of the stomach due to anterior parietal compression]. J Sci Med Lille 1967; 85:157-62. [PMID: 5614636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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31
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Courty L, Oudar H, Callens J. [Recurrent nonspecific acute inflammation of the cecum. Apropos of a case]. J Sci Med Lille 1967; 85:117-9. [PMID: 5600105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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32
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Courty L, Oudar H, Callens J, Leuridan B. [Exostotic disease]. J Sci Med Lille 1967; 85:121-4. [PMID: 5302967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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