[Progress in diagnosis and treatment of rectal neuroendocrine neoplasms]

Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are relatively rare heterogeneous tumors that originate from peptidergic neurons and neuroendocrine cells and have been referred to as "carcinoids" in the past. Although this type of tumor had been previously considered to be indolent tumor with a low degree of malignancy, with the development of medicine and clinical study, researchers found that NENs had the potential to metastasize. They can occur in any part of the body where neuroendocrine cells are distributed and gastro-entero-pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP-NENs) are the most common type of NENs.Due to the improvement of techniques such as endoscopy and imaging, the incidence of rectal neuroendocrine tumors(R-NENs) and the number of related clinical researches have both increased significantly in recent years. Although researches in Chinese and foreign medical centers are mostly retrospective studies of small samples and the efficacies of different treatment methods are still under debating and lack of sufficient medical evidence to support, the diagnosis and treatment of this disease is gradually becoming standardized according to the proposal of corresponding guidelines. The recent advances in the epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment of rectal neuroendocrine neoplasms are reviewed in this paper.

[Correlation research between imaging performance and pulmonary function of pneumoconiosis patients at stage three]

Objective: To study the imaging performance and pulmonary function of pneumoconiosis patients at stage three. Methods: 89 cases of pneumoconiosis patients at stage three for high thousand volt back chest, chest CT, pulmonary function, analysis the relationship of high thousand volt back chest, chest CT manifestations and pulmonary function. Results: In patients with chest X-ray progressive massive fibrosis range of 2.31-102.95 cm(2), divide patients according to the X-ray performance into three groups, the difference of each group pulmonary function index FVC、FEV(1)、PEF、MEF(75%)、MEF(50%)、MEF(25%)、MVV is statistically significant (P<0.01) , the difference of FEV(1)/FVC%、RV/TLC、DLCO is no statistical significance (P>0.05) . Checked by related, in pneumoconiosis patients at stage three, the X-ray manifestations and pulmonary function index FVC、FEV(1)、FEV(1)/FVC%、PEF、MEF(75%)、MEF(50%)、MEF(25%)、MVV、DLCO showed a negative correlation (r=-0.326, -0.438, -0.251, -0.344, -0.317, -0.337, -0.425, -0.347, -0.230) . With the deterioration of the X-ray imaging findings, pulmonary function index FVC、FEV(1)、FEV(1)/FVC%、PEF、MEF(75%)、MEF(50%)、MEF(25%)、MVV、DLCO is a trend of decrease (P<0.05) . The X-ray changes is not associated with RV/TLC. By linear regression analysis, FVC、FEV(1)、FEV(1)/FVC%、PEF、MEF(75%)、MEF(50%)、MEF(25%)、MVV、DLCO regression equation are meaningful. The RV/TLC regression equations is meaningless. The volume of the patients with chest CT progressive massive fibrosis range of 4.86~179.74 cm(3), divide patients according to the chest CT performance into three groups, the difference of each group pulmonary function index FVC、FEV(1)、PEF、MEF(75%)、MEF(50%)、MEF(25%)、MVV、RV/TLC is statistically (P<0.05) , the difference of FEV(1)/FVC%、DLCO is no statistical significance (P>0.05) . Checked by related, in pneumoconiosis patients at stage three, chest CT manifestations and pulmonary function index FVC、FEV(1)、FEV(1)/FVC%、PEF、MEF(75%)、MEF(50%)、MEF(25%)、MVV showed a negative correlation (r=-0.360, -0.419, -0.256, -0.432, -0.366, -0.326, -0.254, -0.405, ) , It is not associated with the RV/TLC、DLCO. With the deterioration of the chest CT imaging findings, pulmonary function index FVC、FEV(1)、FEV(1)/FVC%、PEF、MEF(75%)、MEF(50%)、MEF(25%)、MVV is a trend of decrease (P<0.05) . By linear regression analysis, FVC、FEV(1)、FEV(1)/FVC%、PEF、MEF(75%)、MEF(50%)、MEF(25%)、MVV regression equations are meaningful. The RV/TLC、DLCO regression equations are meaningless. Conclusion: It is correlated with chest X-ray, chest CT manifestations and pulmonary function in pneumoconiosis patients at stage three, that could help guide clinicians comprehensive evaluation in patients with pulmonary function status.

[Bt gene flow of transgeic cotton]

This study was carried out to determine the gene flow of transgenic cotton under Chinese ecological environment. Transgenic cotton GK-12 containing the marker gene NPTII and Bt gene was planted in the 6 x 6 m2 plot, non-transgenic cotton CCRC 12 and Xinmian 13 were planted respectively around them. At varying distances from transgenic cotton, seeds produced by the non-transgenic cotton were collected and screened for marker gene and Bt gene using kanamycine sulphate and Dot-ELISA method. PCR technique was also used in some seeds to screen Bt gene. The result indicated that gene flow was found to be high at 0-6 m, and to decrease with distances; however gene flow occurred up to distance of 36 m from the transgenic cotton plot. Bt gene flow at 3-6 m increased with increasing the diversity of transgenic cotton in the plot, but gene flow increased little at long distance. The gene flow between species was lower than between cultivars at 0-6 m, and occurred at the distance of 72 m from transgenic plot. 72 m buffer zones would serve to limit gene flow of transgenic cotton from small-scale field test. The possibility of escapes of engineered gene to wild relatives of cotton species was also discussed.

[Clinical and experimental study on treatment of chronic hepatitis B with yanggan aoping mixture]

OBJECTIVE

To assess the efficacy of Yanggan Aoping Mixture (YGAPM) in treating hepatitis B.

METHODS

Patients suffered from chronic hepatitis B were treated with YGAPM. Observe their short- and long-term efficacy and the change of serum hepatitis B virus marker. In experiment, the effect of YGAPM in treating rat's liver injury as well as HBV-infected tree shrew and duck HBV-infected ducks was observed.

RESULTS

In 79 cases of chronic persistant hepatitis, the markedly effective rate was 60.76%, and follow-up studies on 40 cases, the further rasied to 70.00%. In 73 cases of chronic active hepatitis, the markedly effective rate was 60.27%, and further raised to 62.50% in 32 follow-up cases. In the treatment group, 85 (71.43%) of the 119 cases with HBeAg-positive turned to negative. Whereas in the control group, only 40 (44.94%) of 89 HBeAg-positive cases turned to negative, P < 0.01. Results of experimental study showed that negative conversion rate of tree shrew infected with HBV marker was raised, while infected duck blood with duck HBV DNA was inhibited. Those compared with the control group separately, the difference was remarkably significant.

CONCLUSIONS

YGAPM is an effective drug in treating chronic hepatitis B, and it could effectively negative convert the HBV marker.