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Yin R, Lu Q, Jiao JL, Lin K, Wang C, Yuan L, Ding Y, Dong N, Wang BJ, Niu YH, Fang YS, Liu W, Sun YF, Zou B, Zhang XE, Xiao P, Sun L, Du X, Zhu YY, Dong XY. [Characteristics and related factors of viral nucleic acid negative conversion in children infected with Omicron variant strain of SARS-CoV-2]. Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi 2022; 60:1307-1311. [PMID: 36444435 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20220623-00582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To understand the characteristics and associated factors of viral nucleic acid conversion in children infected with Omicron variant strain of SARS-CoV-2 in Shanghai. Methods: The clinical symptoms, laboratory results and other data of 177 children infected with SARS-CoV-2 who were hospitalized in Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University (designated hospital for SARS-CoV-2 infection in Shanghai) from April 25 to June 8, 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the chest imaging findings, the children were divided into mild and common type groups. According to their age, the unvaccinated children were divided into<3 years old group and 3-<18 years old group. According to the vaccination status, the children aged 3-<18 year were divided into non-vaccination group, 1-dose vaccination group and 2-dose vaccination group. Comparison between groups was performed by independent sample t-test and analysis of variance, and multivariate linear regression analysis was used for multivariate analysis. Results: Among the 177 children infected with Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2, 96 were males and 81 were females, aged 3 (1, 6) years. The time of viral nucleic acid negative conversion was (10.3±3.1) days. The 177 children were 138 cases of mild type and 39 cases of common type. Among the children aged 3-<18 years old, 55 cases were not vaccinated, 5 cases received 1-dose and 36 cases received 2-dose vaccination. Among the 36 children who received 2 doses of vaccination, the time of viral nucleic acid negative conversion was shorter in those vaccinated within 6 months than those over 6 months ((7.1±1.9) vs. (10.8±3.0) d, t=-3.23, P=0.004). Univariate analysis showed that the time of nucleic acid negative conversion of SARS-CoV-2 was associated with age, underlying diseases, gastrointestinal symptoms, white blood cell count, proportion of neutrophils, proportion of lymphocytes, and the number of doses of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (t=3.87, 2.55, 2.04, 4.24, 3.51, 2.92, F=16.27, all P<0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that older age (β=-0.33, 95% CI -0.485--0.182, P<0.001) and more doses of vaccination (β=-0.79, 95% CI -1.463--0.120, P=0.021) were associated with shortened nucleic acid negative conversion time in children, while lower lymphocyte proportion (β=-0.02, 95% CI -0.044--0.002, P=0.031) and underlying diseases (β=1.52, 95% CI 0.363-2.672, P=0.010) were associated with prolonged nucleic acid negative conversion time in children. Conclusion: The children infected with Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 with reduced lymphocyte proportion and underlying diseases may have longer time of viral nucleic acid negative conversion,while children with older age and more doses of vaccination may have shorter time of viral nucleic acid negative conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Yin
- Department of Respiratory, Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Q Lu
- Department of Respiratory, Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - J L Jiao
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - K Lin
- Department of Endoscopy Center, Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - C Wang
- Department of Respiratory, Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - L Yuan
- Department of Respiratory, Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Y Ding
- Department of Respiratory, Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - N Dong
- Department of Respiratory, Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - B J Wang
- Department of Respiratory, Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Y H Niu
- Department of Respiratory, Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Y S Fang
- Department of Respiratory, Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - W Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Y F Sun
- Department of Neonatology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - B Zou
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - X E Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - P Xiao
- Department of Digestive Infection, Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - L Sun
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - X Du
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Y Y Zhu
- Department of Neonatology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - X Y Dong
- Department of Respiratory, Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200062, China
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Yi XW, Jia JE, Jiao JL, Han Y. [Risk factors of anxiety during anesthesia induction in children undergoing eye and ear-nose-throat surgery]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2022; 102:1596-1602. [PMID: 35644961 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20220118-00135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the risk factors of anxiety during anesthesia induction in children undergoing eye and ear-nose-throat (ENT) surgeries. Methods: The clinical data of 930 children who underwent eye and ENT surgeries in the Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University from January to December 2019 were collected. The outcome variable was the degree of anxiety during anesthesia induction. Demographic information about the children and their family members, anxiety scores and the usage of preoperative sedative drugs were collected as the exposure factors. The risk factors of anxiety during anesthesia induction were determined by logistic regression analysis. Results: A total of 930 children were included in the study, of which 56(6.0%) cases developed anxiety during the induction period. Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that age (OR=0.72, 95%CI:0.61-0.86, P<0.001), anxiety grading of children by medical evaluation method (mild as the reference, moderate OR=5.42, 95%CI:2.92-10.07, P<0.001; severe OR=7.53, 95%CI: 2.54-22.29, P<0.001), Modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale (mYPAS) score at arrival in the preoperative waiting room (OR=1.05, 95%CI:1.02-1.07, P<0.001) and sedation score (OR=0.48, 95%CI: 0.30-0.76, P<0.001) were risk factors for the development of anxiety during the induction period. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that anxiety grading of children by medical evaluation method was a risk factor for affecting anxiety in the induction period (mild as the reference, moderate OR=4.08, 95%CI:1.81-9.18, P<0.01; severe OR=4.95, 95%CI:1.26-19.44, P=0.022). Conclusion: Anxiety grading of children by medical evaluation method is an essential risk factor for predicting anxiety during induction period.
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Affiliation(s)
- X W Yi
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - J E Jia
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - J L Jiao
- Institute of Translational Medicine of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Y Han
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China
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Zhao ZH, Xie Y, Lei Z, Jiao JL, Zhou WM, Zhou CT, Zhu SP, He XT, Qiao B. Onset of inverse magnetic energy transfer in collisionless turbulent plasmas. Phys Rev E 2021; 104:025204. [PMID: 34525564 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.104.025204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Inverse magnetic energy transfer from small to large scales is a key physical process for the origin of large-scale strong magnetic fields in the universe. However, so far, from the magnetohydrodynamic perspective, the onset of inverse transfer is still not fully understood, especially the underlying dynamics. Here, we use both two-dimensional and three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations to show the self-consistent dynamics of inverse transfer in collisionless decaying turbulent plasmas. Using the space filtering technique in theory and numerical analyses, we identify magnetic reconnection as the onset and fundamental drive for inverse transfer, where, specifically, the subscale electromotive force driven by magnetic reconnection do work on the large-scale magnetic field, resulting in energy transfer from small to large scales. The mechanism is also verified by the strong correlations in locations and characteristic scales between inverse transfer and magnetic reconnection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z H Zhao
- Center for Applied Physics and Technology, HEDPS, and SKLNPT, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Y Xie
- Center for Applied Physics and Technology, HEDPS, and SKLNPT, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Z Lei
- Center for Applied Physics and Technology, HEDPS, and SKLNPT, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - J L Jiao
- Center for Applied Physics and Technology, HEDPS, and SKLNPT, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - W M Zhou
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - C T Zhou
- Center for Advanced Material Diagnostic Technology, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen 518118, China
| | - S P Zhu
- Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100094, China
| | - X T He
- Center for Applied Physics and Technology, HEDPS, and SKLNPT, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.,Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100094, China
| | - B Qiao
- Center for Applied Physics and Technology, HEDPS, and SKLNPT, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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Jiao JL, Zhang HP, Huang Q, Wang W, Sinclair R, Wang G, Ren Q, Lin GT, Huq A, Zhou HD, Li MZ, Ma J. Orbital competition of Mn 3+ and V 3+ ions in Mn 1+x V 2-x O 4. J Phys Condens Matter 2021; 33:134002. [PMID: 33527912 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/abd9a1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The structural and magnetic properties of Mn1+x V2-x O4 (0 < x ⩽ 1) have been investigated by the heat capacity, magnetization, x-ray diffraction and neutron diffraction measurements, and a phase diagram of temperature versus composition was built up. For x ⩽ 0.3, a cubic-to-tetragonal (c > a) phase transition was observed. For x > 0.3, the system maintained the tetragonal lattice. Although the collinear and noncollinear magnetic transitions of V3+ ions were obtained in all compositions, the canting angles between the V3+ ions decreased with Mn3+-doping, and the ordering of the Mn3+ ions was only observed as x > 0.4. In order to study the dynamics of the ground state, the first principles simulation was applied to analyze not only the orbital effects of Mn2+, Mn3+, and V3+ ions, but also the related exchange energies.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
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Zhang J, Wang WM, Yang XH, Wu D, Ma YY, Jiao JL, Zhang Z, Wu FY, Yuan XH, Li YT, Zhu JQ. Double-cone ignition scheme for inertial confinement fusion. Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci 2020; 378:20200015. [PMID: 33040660 PMCID: PMC7658757 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2020.0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
While major progress has been made in the research of inertial confinement fusion, significant challenges remain in the pursuit of ignition. To tackle the challenges, we propose a double-cone ignition (DCI) scheme, in which two head-on gold cones are used to confine deuterium-tritium (DT) shells imploded by high-power laser pulses. The scheme is composed of four progressive controllable processes: quasi-isentropic compression, acceleration, head-on collision and fast heating of the compressed fuel. The quasi-isentropic compression is performed inside two head-on cones. At the later stage of the compression, the DT shells in the cones are accelerated to forward velocities of hundreds of km s-1. The head-on collision of the compressed and accelerated fuels from the cone tips transfer the forward kinetic energy to the thermal energy of the colliding fuel with an increased density. The preheated high-density fuel can keep its status for a period of approximately 200 ps. Within this period, MeV electrons generated by ps heating laser pulses, guided by a ns laser-produced strong magnetic field further heat the fuel efficiently. Our simulations show that the implosion inside the head-on cones can greatly mitigate the energy requirement for compression; the collision can preheat the compressed fuel of approximately 300 g cm-3 to a temperature above keV. The fuel can then reach an ignition temperature of greater than 5 keV with magnetically assisted heating of MeV electrons generated by the heating laser pulses. Experimental campaigns to demonstrate the scheme have already begun. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue 'Prospects for high gain inertial fusion energy (part 1)'.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas and School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA (CICIFSA), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - W. M. Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA (CICIFSA), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
- Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, People's Republic of China
| | - X. H. Yang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA (CICIFSA), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
- Department of Physics, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, People's Republic of China
| | - D. Wu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA (CICIFSA), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
- Institute for Fusion Theory and Simulation, Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Y. Y. Ma
- Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA (CICIFSA), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
- Department of Physics, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, People's Republic of China
| | - J. L. Jiao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA (CICIFSA), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
- School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Z. Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA (CICIFSA), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - F. Y. Wu
- Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas and School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA (CICIFSA), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - X. H. Yuan
- Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas and School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA (CICIFSA), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Y. T. Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA (CICIFSA), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - J. Q. Zhu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA (CICIFSA), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
- National Laboratory of High Power lasers and Physics, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Shanghai 201800, People's Republic of China
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Jiao JL, Nu EL, Zha TJ, Liu LH, Wang ZZ, Liu XL. [Application effects of self-made simple vacuum sealing drainage device in postoperative treatment of sural neurocutaneous flap transplantation in the foot and ankle]. Zhonghua Shao Shang Za Zhi 2020; 36:718-721. [PMID: 32829611 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501120-20190528-00259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the application effects of self-made simple vacuum sealing drainage (VSD) device in the postoperative treatment of sural neurocutaneous flap transplantation in the foot and ankle. Methods: From January 2017 to January 2019, 36 patients with foot and ankle skin defects and bone exposure admitted to People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region met the inclusion criteria, and a retrospective cohort study was conducted. According to the bandaging method of the operative area, simple negative pressure group and antibacterial dressing group were both allocated with 18 patients, with 12 males and 6 females in the former group, 14 males and 4 females in the latter group, aged (41.6±2.8) and (42.3±2.6) years, respectively. Patients in the two groups all received sural neurocutaneous flap transplantation. Patients in antibacterial dressing group received nano silver antibacterial dressing change in the operative area, and the dressing was changed once every 3 days. In simple negative pressure group, the operative area was sealed with a simple VSD device made of gauze, silicone sputum suction tube with holes cut out, and biological permeable membrane, etc., which was connected with the wall central negative pressure suction system for continuous VSD treatment of -40.0 to -16.6 kPa. The negative pressure material was changed once every 5 days. The number of dressing change, the pain score evaluated by Numeric Rating Scale during each dressing change, the cost of dressing change, and the degree of flap swelling evaluated on the 3rd and 5th day after surgery were recorded, and the flap survival was observed. Data were statistically analyzed with independent sample t test, Wilcoxon rank sum test, and chi-square test. Results: The number of dressing change of patients in simple negative pressure group was (3.4±0.5) times, which was significantly less than (7.0±0.8) times in antibacterial dressing group (t=15.338, P<0.01). The pain score during dressing change of patients in simple negative pressure group was (4.3±0.8) points, which was significantly lower than (6.8±0.7) points in antibacterial dressing group (t=10.168, P<0.01). The cost of dressing change of patients was similar between the two groups. On the 3rd and 5th day after surgery, the degrees of flap swelling of patients in simple negative pressure group were significantly superior to those in antibacterial dressing group (Z=4.448, 2.395, P<0.05 or P<0.01). The flap survival of patients in simple negative pressure group was significantly superior to that in antibacterial dressing group (χ(2)=4.500, P<0.05). Conclusions: Compared with the traditional dressing bandage, the self-made simple VSD device used after sural neurocutaneous flap transplantation can reduce the frequency of dressing change, relieve the pain of dressing change and the swelling of flap, and promote the flap survival, which is worth popularizing and applying in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Jiao
- Department of Burns and Wound Repair, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830001, China
| | - E L Nu
- Department of Burns and Wound Repair, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830001, China
| | - T J Zha
- Department of Burns and Wound Repair, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830001, China
| | - L H Liu
- Department of Burns and Wound Repair, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830001, China
| | - Z Z Wang
- Department of Burns and Wound Repair, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830001, China
| | - X L Liu
- Department of Burns and Wound Repair, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830001, China
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Woods AD, Morgan PL, Jiao JL, Buxton OM. 0371 Educational Disparities in U.S. Elementary School Children are Related to Sleep Duration and Bedtimes. Sleep 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Sleep is vital for healthy development in children. Suboptimal sleep health may play an under-appreciated role in educational achievement gaps among vulnerable student populations. Students of color, students from economically disadvantaged homes, and students with disabilities are especially likely to experience poor sleep. Sleep deficiency could interfere with school functioning, including academic achievement.
Methods
Longitudinal data from the nationally-representative Early Childhood Longitudinal Study (ECLS-K: 2011) included ~12,000 students. We tested the hypothesis that parent-reported child sleep duration (typical hours per night) was associated with academic achievement trajectories (3rd-5th grade). We further tested the extent to which this relation is linked to parent-reported bedtimes in kindergarten. Preregistered analyses (osf.io) used structural equation path modeling, stratified by racial/ethnic group (White, Black, Hispanic, Asian), disability status, and socioeconomic status (SES) tertiles. Students were assessed using psychometrically-validated standardized academic achievement tests.
Results
Children with later kindergarten bedtimes had shorter sleep duration across 3rd-5th grade. Children with shorter sleep duration also had poorer achievement in 3rd grade. The path by which sleep associates with achievement differed by vulnerable subgroups. Among children from average- or high-SES families, earlier bedtimes were related to higher reading achievement growth across 3rd-5th grade, but not among children from low-SES families. For children with disabilities, longer sleep duration was significantly and positively associated with growth in reading achievement across 3rd-5th grade, but this relation among children with disabilities was not evident within racial or ethnic groups or SES strata.
Conclusion
Sleep duration, a modifiable behavioral factor, may be a promising target of intervention in families for promoting healthy childhood sleep health behaviors. Results provide evidence that age-appropriate bedtimes and adequate sleep duration could be promoted among vulnerable populations including students with disabilities. For instance, although most screening instruments do not currently evaluate sleep or sleep disorders, assessing and treating disability or behavioral difficulties could include such evaluations for clinical and parent consideration.
Support
Penn State Center for Educational Disparities Research
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Affiliation(s)
- A D Woods
- Department of Educational Policy Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
- Center for Educational Disparities Research, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
| | - P L Morgan
- Department of Educational Policy Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
- Center for Educational Disparities Research, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
| | - J L Jiao
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, College of Health and Human Development, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, University Park, PA
| | - O M Buxton
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, College of Health and Human Development, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, University Park, PA
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Buxton OM, Zhaoyang R, Jiao JL, Sliwinski MJ, Derby CA. 0858 Impact Of Actigraphic Sleep Measures On Ambulatory Cognitive Performance In A Community-Based Sample Of Older Adults. Sleep 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Few longitudinal studies link objectively assessed sleep and cognition, especially day to day differences in sleep as they relate to daily cognitive performance in ecologically-valid, natural environments. We examine the associations of sleep (actigraphy) with ambulatory ecological momentary assessments (EMA) of cognitive performance.
Methods
Analyses involved 225 participants enrolled in The Einstein Aging Study, a community based longitudinal cohort of older adults free of dementia at enrollment (Mage=77.27 years; 33% males; 47% Caucasian, 39% African American, 13% Hispanic). We examined between-person associations between actigraphic sleep duration and wake after sleep onset (WASO) with mean and variability across the day in cognitive performance. Cognitive performance was assessed via validated, smartphone-based EMA over a mean of 18 days. Six assessments/day included Symbol Match (processing speed), Color Dot (working memory), and Color Shape (memory binding). Models controlled for age, gender, ethnicity, education (years), clinically assessed mild cognitive impairment, and learning effects. Actigraphy data was collected throughout the study period.
Results
Sleep duration had a significant effect on within-person variability on ambulatory cognition: Color Dot, Symbol Match, and Color Shape (all p’s <0.001). Older adults with longer mean nightly sleep duration exhibited more stable cognitive performance over time versus those with shorter sleep duration; sleep duration did not predict mean levels of daily cognitive performance. Person-level means of WASO (0.99±0.45 hours/night) predicted mean levels on cognitive tests, independent of sleep duration. Older adults with less WASO/night exhibited better cognitive performance. One half hour less nightly WASO predicted 175ms shorter Symbol Match response time (p=0.004), 1.5% lower Color Dot error proportion (p=0.048), 0.07 points higher Color Shape accuracy (p<0.001). Older adults with less WASO/night also had less within-person variations in Color Dot (p<0.001), Symbol Match (p<0.001) and Color Shape performance (p=0.01).
Conclusion
Ambulatory cognitive performance assessed using EMA was related to actigraphic sleep. Poor sleep health may be a target for prevention of early cognitive changes that may precede onset of cognitive impairment and AD.
Support
Research was supported by the National Institute on Aging (NIA) award numbers P01AG003949 and R01AG056538.
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Affiliation(s)
- O M Buxton
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, College of Health and Human Development, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - R Zhaoyang
- Center for Healthy Aging, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Health and Human Development, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
| | - J L Jiao
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, College of Health and Human Development, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
| | - M J Sliwinski
- Center for Healthy Aging, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Health and Human Development, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
| | - C A Derby
- Departments of Neurology and Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
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Shan LQ, Cai HB, Zhang WS, Tang Q, Zhang F, Song ZF, Bi B, Ge FJ, Chen JB, Liu DX, Wang WW, Yang ZH, Qi W, Tian C, Yuan ZQ, Zhang B, Yang L, Jiao JL, Cui B, Zhou WM, Cao LF, Zhou CT, Gu YQ, Zhang BH, Zhu SP, He XT. Experimental Evidence of Kinetic Effects in Indirect-Drive Inertial Confinement Fusion Hohlraums. Phys Rev Lett 2018; 120:195001. [PMID: 29799245 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.195001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We present the first experimental evidence supported by simulations of kinetic effects launched in the interpenetration layer between the laser-driven hohlraum plasma bubbles and the corona plasma of the compressed pellet at the Shenguang-III prototype laser facility. Solid plastic capsules were coated with carbon-deuterium layers; as the implosion neutron yield is quenched, DD fusion yield from the corona plasma provides a direct measure of the kinetic effects inside the hohlraum. An anomalous large energy spread of the DD neutron signal (∼282 keV) and anomalous scaling of the neutron yield with the thickness of the carbon-deuterium layers cannot be explained by the hydrodynamic mechanisms. Instead, these results can be attributed to kinetic shocks that arise in the hohlraum-wall-ablator interpenetration region, which result in efficient acceleration of the deuterons (∼28.8 J, 0.45% of the total input laser energy). These studies provide novel insight into the interactions and dynamics of a vacuum hohlraum and near-vacuum hohlraum.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Q Shan
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Research Center of Laser Fusion, CAEP, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - H B Cai
- Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100094, China
- HEDPS, Center for Applied Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- IFSA Collaborative Innovation Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - W S Zhang
- Graduate School, China Academy of Engineering Physics, P.O. Box 2101, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Q Tang
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Research Center of Laser Fusion, CAEP, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - F Zhang
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Research Center of Laser Fusion, CAEP, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Z F Song
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Research Center of Laser Fusion, CAEP, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - B Bi
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Research Center of Laser Fusion, CAEP, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - F J Ge
- Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100094, China
| | - J B Chen
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Research Center of Laser Fusion, CAEP, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - D X Liu
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Research Center of Laser Fusion, CAEP, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - W W Wang
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Research Center of Laser Fusion, CAEP, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Z H Yang
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Research Center of Laser Fusion, CAEP, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - W Qi
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Research Center of Laser Fusion, CAEP, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - C Tian
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Research Center of Laser Fusion, CAEP, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Z Q Yuan
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Research Center of Laser Fusion, CAEP, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - B Zhang
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Research Center of Laser Fusion, CAEP, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - L Yang
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Research Center of Laser Fusion, CAEP, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - J L Jiao
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Research Center of Laser Fusion, CAEP, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - B Cui
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Research Center of Laser Fusion, CAEP, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - W M Zhou
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Research Center of Laser Fusion, CAEP, Mianyang 621900, China
- IFSA Collaborative Innovation Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - L F Cao
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Research Center of Laser Fusion, CAEP, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - C T Zhou
- Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Y Q Gu
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Research Center of Laser Fusion, CAEP, Mianyang 621900, China
- IFSA Collaborative Innovation Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - B H Zhang
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Research Center of Laser Fusion, CAEP, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - S P Zhu
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Research Center of Laser Fusion, CAEP, Mianyang 621900, China
- Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100094, China
- Graduate School, China Academy of Engineering Physics, P.O. Box 2101, Beijing 100088, China
| | - X T He
- Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100094, China
- HEDPS, Center for Applied Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- IFSA Collaborative Innovation Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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Wang GX, Wang ZT, Feng B, Rudolph V, Jiao JL. Semi-industrial tests on enhanced underground coal gasification at Zhong-Liang-Shan coal mine. ASIA-PAC J CHEM ENG 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/apj.337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Jiao JL, Zielenska M, Anderson MW, Glickman BW. Mutational specificities of environmental carcinogens in the lacI gene of Escherichia coli: IV. The tobacco-specific nitrosamine 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone. Carcinogenesis 1991; 12:221-4. [PMID: 1995189 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/12.2.221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We have determined the mutational specificity of the tobacco-specific carcinogen 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) by the characterization of 58 induced Escherichia coli lacI-d mutants at the DNA sequence level. Metabolic activation of NNK was carried out using the S9 fraction from Aroclor 1254-treated rats. G:C----A:T transitions dominated the spectrum, accounting for 55% of the mutations recovered. The other base substitutions recovered include three A:T----G:C transitions as well as two A:T----T:A, three A:T----C:G, five G:C----C:G and five G:C----T:A transversions. Other classes of mutational events included two deletions, three duplications and three frame-shifts. The complexity of the NNK mutational spectrum appears consistent with a model that this compound induces mutations by both the methylation and the pyridoloxobutylation of DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Jiao
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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