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Mardani M, Tiraihi T, Bathaie SZ, Mirnajafi-Zadeh J. Comparison of the proteome patterns of adipose-derived stem cells with those treated with selegiline using a two dimensional gel electrophoresis analysis. Biotech Histochem 2019; 95:176-185. [PMID: 31589072 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2019.1656345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs) are multipotent and can transdifferentiate into neural stem cells. We investigated the transdifferentiation of ADSCs to neural phenotype (NP) cells using selegiline and two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE). The perinephric and inguinal fat of rats was collected and used to isolate ADSCs that were characterized by immunophenotyping using flow cytometry. The ADSCs were differentiated into osteogenic and lipogenic cells. The NP cells were generated using 10-9 mM selegiline and characterized by immunocytochemical staining of nestin and neurofilament 68 (NF-68), and by qRT-PCR of nestin, neurod1 and NF68. Total protein of ADSCs and NP cells was extracted and their proteome patterns were examined using 2-DE. ADSCs carried CD73, CD44 and CD90 cell markers, but not CD34. ADSCs were differentiated into osteocyte and adipocyte lineages. The differentiated NP cells expressed nestin, neuro d1 and NF-68. The proteome pattern of ADSCs was compared with that of NP cells and eight spots showed more than a two fold increase in protein expression. The molecular weights and isoelectric points of these highly expressed proteins were estimated using Melanie software. We compared these results with those of the mouse proteomic database using the protein isoelectric point database, and the functions of the eight proteins in differentiation of NP cells were predicted using the UniProt database. The probable identities of the proteins that showed higher expression in NP cells included cholinesterase, GFRa2, protein kinase C (PKC-eta) and RING finger protein 121. The sequences of the proteins identified from mouse database were aligned by comparing them with similar proteins in rat database using the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST). The E values of all aligned proteins were zero, which indicates consistency of the matched protein. These proteins participate in differentiation of the neuron and their overexpression causes ADSCs transdifferentiation into NP cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mardani
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - T Tiraihi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - S Z Bathaie
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - J Mirnajafi-Zadeh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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Dehghan S, Hesaraki M, Soleimani M, Mirnajafi-Zadeh J, Fathollahi Y, Javan M. Oct4 transcription factor in conjunction with valproic acid accelerates myelin repair in demyelinated optic chiasm in mice. Neuroscience 2016; 318:178-89. [PMID: 26804242 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2015] [Revised: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis is a demyelinating disease with severe neurological symptoms due to blockage of signal conduction in affected axons. Spontaneous remyelination via endogenous progenitors is limited and eventually fails. Recent reports showed that forced expression of some transcription factors within the brain converted somatic cells to neural progenitors and neuroblasts. Here, we report the effect of valproic acid (VPA) along with forced expression of Oct4 transcription factor on lysolecithin (LPC)-induced experimental demyelination. Mice were gavaged with VPA for one week, and then inducible Oct4 expressing lentiviral particles were injected into the lateral ventricle. After one-week induction of Oct4, LPC was injected into the optic chiasm. Functional remyelination was assessed by visual-evoked potential (VEP) recording. Myelination level was studied using FluoroMyelin staining and immunohistofluorescent (IHF) against proteolipid protein (PLP). IHF was also performed to detect Oct4 and SSEA1 as pluripotency markers and Olig2, Sox10, CNPase and PDGFRα as oligodendrocyte lineage markers. One week after injection of Oct4 expressing vector, pluripotency markers SSEA1 and Oct4 were detected in the rims of the 3rd ventricle. LPC injection caused extensive demyelination and significantly delayed the latency of VEP wave. Animals pre-treated with VPA+Oct4 expressing vector, showed faster recovery in the VEP latency and enhanced myelination. Immunostaining against oligodendrocyte lineage markers showed an increased number of Sox10+ and myelinating cells. Moreover, transdifferentiation of some Oct4-transfected cells (GFP+ cells) to Olig2+ and CNPase+ cells was confirmed by immunostaining. One-week administration of VPA followed by one-week forced expression of Oct4 enhanced myelination by converting transduced cells to myelinating oligodendrocytes. This finding seems promising for enhancing myelin repair within the adult brains.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Dehghan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Hesaraki
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology at Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Soleimani
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - J Mirnajafi-Zadeh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Y Fathollahi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Javan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology at Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
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Shojaei A, Semnanian S, Janahmadi M, Moradi-Chameh H, Firoozabadi S, Mirnajafi-Zadeh J. Repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation prevents kindling-induced changes in electrophysiological properties of rat hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons. Neuroscience 2014; 280:181-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Revised: 09/10/2014] [Accepted: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Baharvand H, Satarian L, Javan M, Kiani S, Hajikarm M, Mirnajafi-Zadeh J. Transplantation of anterior-specified neural progenitors derived from human induced pluripotent stem cell improves the repair of the crushed optic nerve. Cytotherapy 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2013.01.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Mohammad-Zadeh M, Mirnajafi-Zadeh J, Fathollahi Y, Javan M, Jahanshahi A, Noorbakhsh SM, Motamedi F. The role of adenosine A(1) receptors in mediating the inhibitory effects of low frequency stimulation of perforant path on kindling acquisition in rats. Neuroscience 2008; 158:1632-43. [PMID: 19041928 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2008.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2008] [Revised: 11/03/2008] [Accepted: 11/04/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Low frequency stimulation (LFS) has an inhibitory effect on rapid perforant path kindling acquisition. In the present study the role of adenosine A(1) and A(2A) receptors in mediating this inhibitory effect was investigated. Rats were kindled by perforant path stimulation using rapid kindling procedures (12 stimulations per day). LFS (0.1 ms pulse duration at 1 Hz, 200 pulses, and 50-150 muA) was applied to the perforant path immediately after termination of each rapid kindling stimulation. 1,3-Dimethyl-8-cyclopenthylxanthine (CPT; 50 muM), a selective A(1) antagonist and ZM241385 (ZM, 200 muM), a selective A(2A) antagonist were daily microinjected into the lateral ventricle 5 min before kindling stimulations. LFS had an inhibitory effect on kindling development. Pretreatment of animals with CPT reduced the inhibitory effect of LFS on kindling rate and suppressed the effects of LFS on potentiation of population EPSP during kindling acquisition. In addition, CPT was able to antagonize the effects of LFS on kindling-induced increase in early (10-50 ms intervals) and late (300-1000 ms intervals) paired pulse depression. ZM pretreatment had no effect on antiepileptogenic effects of LFS in kindling acquisition. In addition, LFS prevented the kindling-induced elevation of cyclic AMP (cAMP) levels in kindled animals. Based on these results, we suggest that the antiepileptogenic effects of LFS on perforant path kindling might be mediated through activation of adenosine A(1), but not A(2A) receptors. Moreover, modulation of cAMP levels by LFS may potentially be an important mechanism which explains the anticonvulsant effects of LFS in kindled seizures.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mohammad-Zadeh
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, IR Iran
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Mirnajafi-Zadeh J, Pourgholami MH. Hippocampal hyperexcitability facilitates amygdala kindling in rats. Indian J Med Res 2002; 116:35-40. [PMID: 12514976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES The amygdala and hippocampus are recognized as the two important structures in the brain involved in the development and control of kindled seizures. The study on the precise interconnection between these two regions can provide important insights into the functional anatomy of complex partial seizures. In this study the effect of an experimentally increased excitability in hippocampal neurons, via hippocampal kindling, on the amygdala kindling rate was investigated in rats. METHODS Animals were divided into four groups. Tripolar electrodes were implanted in the amygdala and CA1 region of the dorsal hippocampus of animals of Groups 1, 3 and 4. In Group 2 animals, tripolar electrodes were only implanted in the amygdala. In Group 1, one week after surgery, the rats were kindled first from the hippocampus and the next day kindled by amygdala stimulation. In Groups 2 and 3, one week after surgery, rats were kindled from the amygdala. Group 4 animals had a recovery period of one week plus 32 days, which was the mean of the hippocampal kindling rate in Group 1, and then were kindled from the amygdala. RESULTS In Group 1, the amygdala kindling rate (n; number of days for which animals were stimulated before a stage 5 motor convulsion is triggered) and seizure stage at day n/2 were significantly facilitated and increased respectively. There was also a significant positive correlation between hippocampal and amygdala kindling rates. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION Results obtained show that an increase in hippocampal excitability can facilitate kindling from the amygdala. Thus, it is suggested that the hippocampus has an important role in the development and propagation of seizures from the amygdala.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Mirnajafi-Zadeh
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modarres University, P. O. Box 14115-111, Tehran, I.R. Iran
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Alasvand Zarasvand M, Mirnajafi-Zadeh J, Fathollahi Y, Palizvan MR. Anticonvulsant effect of bilateral injection of N6-cyclohexyladenosine into the CA1 region of the hippocampus in amygdala-kindled rats. Epilepsy Res 2001; 47:141-9. [PMID: 11673028 DOI: 10.1016/s0920-1211(01)00300-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In this study the role of adenosine A(1) receptors of CA1 region of the hippocampus on amygdala-kindled seizures was investigated in rats. Results obtained showed that in kindled animals, bilateral injection of N(6)-cyclohexyladenosine (CHA), an adenosine A(1) receptor agonist, at doses of 0.1, 1 and 10 microM into the CA1 region of the hippocampus significantly decreased the afterdischarge duration and stage 5 seizure duration and increased the latency to stage 4 seizure, but there were no changes in seizure stage. Also, bilateral injection of 1,3-dimethyl-8-cyclopenthylxanthine (CPT), an adenosine A(1) receptor antagonist, at doses of 0.5 and 1 microM into the CA1 region of the hippocampus could not produce any changes in the seizure parameters. Intrahippocampal pretreatment of CPT (1 microM) before CHA (0.1 and 1 microM), reduced the effects of CHA on seizure parameters significantly. Thus, it may be suggested that CA1 region of the hippocampus plays an important role in spreading seizure spikes from the amygdala to other brain regions and activation of adenosine A(1) receptors in this region, participates in anticonvulsant effects of adenosine agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Alasvand Zarasvand
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modarres University, PO Box 14115-111, Tehran, Iran
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Abstract
Effects of intraperitoneal and intraamygdala N(6)-cyclohexyladenosine (CHA), a selective adenosine A(1) receptor agonist, and 1,3-dimethyl-8-cyclopentylxanthine (CPT), a selective adenosine A(1) receptor antagonist, were examined in fully hippocampal kindled rats. Intraperitoneal administration of CHA (0. 25, 0.5 and 1 mg/kg) decreased hippocampal secondary afterdischarge duration (SAD) and amygdala afterdischarge duration (ADD). Only the 1 mg/kg dose induced a significant increase in latency to stage 4. Intraperitoneal administration of CPT (0.25, 0.5 and 1 mg/kg) induced a significant increase in stage 5 duration, hippocampal SAD and ADD. Pretreatment of animals with CPT (1 mg/kg), antagonized effects of CHA on seizure parameters. Intraamygdala microinfusion (1 microl over 2 min) of CHA (5 nM-1 mM) significantly reduced hippocampal SAD and amygdala ADD. These effects were antagonized by intraamygdala CPT (1 microM). Results obtained suggest that in hippocampal kindled rats, amygdala may be regarded as a relay point for AD propagation specially in recruit activity of the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Mirnajafi-Zadeh
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modarres University, P.O. Box 14155-4838, Tehran, Iran.
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Mirnajafi-Zadeh J, Pourgholami MH, Palizvan MR, Rostampour M, Fallahi M. Anticonvulsant action of 2-chloroadenosine injected focally into the perirhinal cortex in amygdaloid kindled rats. Epilepsy Res 1999; 37:37-43. [PMID: 10515173 DOI: 10.1016/s0920-1211(99)00025-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Possible anticonvulsant effects of 2-chloroadenosine injected focally into the perirhinal cortex of amygdala kindled rats were investigated over a 2 h period. Animals were microinfused (1 microl) with 2-chloroadenosine (2-CLA; 5, 10, 15, 25 and 100 nM) or artificial cerebrospinal fluid applied through a cannula located in the perirhinal cortex. At the doses employed, 2-CLA significantly reduced afterdischarge duration and stage 5 seizure duration. The latency to stage 4 seizure was increased only at the highest dose of 2-CLA (100 nM), while even at this dose no significant change in seizure stage could be seen. The maximum effect of 2-CLA was obtained 30 min after microinfusion of the drug. Pre-treatment (intraperirhinal cortex) of animals with the nonselective adenosine antagonist, caffeine (50 microM; 1 microl), blocked the anticonvulsant activity of 2-CLA. These results suggest that adenosine receptors located in the perirhinal cortex may play an important role in the suppression of seizure activity elicited from the amygdala.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Mirnajafi-Zadeh
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran, Iran
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Abstract
The seizure-modulating effects of 2-chloroadenosine (2-CLA) infused directly into the amygdala were investigated. Different groups of amygdala-kindled rats were infused (1 microliter) with 2-CLA (0.25, 1, 10 and 25 nM), caffeine (200 microM and 2 mM), a combination of the two or artificial cerebrospinal fluid (ACSF) applied directly through a cannula located in the amygdala. Infusion of 2-CLA dramatically suppressed seizure stage (SS), after discharge duration (ADD) and stage 5 seizure duration (S5D), while the latency to bilateral forelimb clonus (S4L) was significantly prolonged. These anticonvulsant effects were evident after 5 min, reached a maximum at the 60 min time point and were still detectable 360 min post-2-CLA infusion. Pretreatment with caffeine blocked the anticonvulsant effects of 2-CLA dose-dependently. These results may suggest that in amygdaloid-kindled rats, adenosine receptors located in the amygdala play a major role in the expression of the anticonvulsant activity of 2-CLA.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Pourgholami
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, I.R. Iran
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Abstract
Effects of intraperitoneal and intrahippocampal 2-chloroadenosine and caffeine were examined in fully kindled amygdaloid rats. Intraperitoneal administration of 2-chloroadenosine (5 and 10 mg/kg) decreased afterdischarge duration, stage 5 seizure duration and prolonged time taken to reach stage 4 seizure. Only the 10 mg/kg dose induced a significant reduction in seizure stage. Intraperitoneal administration of caffeine (50 mg/kg) increased both afterdischarge duration and stage 5 seizure duration but did not significantly alter other parameters. Intrahippocampal microinfusion of 2-chloroadenosine (1 mM) or caffeine (2 mM) did not alter any of the measured seizure parameters. Intraperitoneal but not intrahippocampal pretreatment of animals with caffeine (50 mg/kg and 2 mM, respectively) blocked the anticonvulsant effects induced by intraperitoneal administration of 2-chloroadenosine. It may therefore be concluded that the adenosine A1 receptors of the CA1 region of the hippocampus do not play a role in mediating the anticonvulsant effects of intraperitoneally administered 2-chloroadenosine in amygdaloid kindled rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Pourgholami
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Shaheed-Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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