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Zhang J, Pajerowski DM, Botana AS, Zheng H, Harriger L, Rodriguez-Rivera J, Ruff JPC, Schreiber NJ, Wang B, Chen YS, Chen WC, Norman MR, Rosenkranz S, Mitchell JF, Phelan D. Spin Stripe Order in a Square Planar Trilayer Nickelate. Phys Rev Lett 2019; 122:247201. [PMID: 31322403 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.247201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Trilayer nickelates, which exhibit a high degree of orbital polarization combined with an electron count (d^{8.67}) corresponding to overdoped cuprates, have been identified as a promising candidate platform for achieving high-T_{c} superconductivity. One such material, La_{4}Ni_{3}O_{8}, undergoes a semiconductor-insulator transition at ∼105 K, which was recently shown to arise from the formation of charge stripes. However, an outstanding issue has been the origin of an anomaly in the magnetic susceptibility at the transition and whether it signifies the formation of spin stripes akin to single layer nickelates. Here we report single crystal neutron diffraction measurements (both polarized and unpolarized) that establish that the ground state is indeed magnetic. The ordering is modeled as antiferromagnetic spin stripes that are commensurate with the charge stripes, the magnetic ordering occurring in individual trilayers that are essentially uncorrelated along the crystallographic c axis. A comparison of the charge and spin stripe order parameters reveals that, in contrast to single-layer nickelates such as La_{2-x}Sr_{x}NiO_{4} as well as related quasi-2D oxides including manganites, cobaltates, and cuprates, these orders uniquely appear simultaneously, thus demonstrating a stronger coupling between spin and charge than in these related low-dimensional correlated oxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Zhang
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - D M Pajerowski
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - A S Botana
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
| | - Hong Zheng
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - L Harriger
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
| | - J Rodriguez-Rivera
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
- Department of Materials Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - J P C Ruff
- CHESS, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - N J Schreiber
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - B Wang
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Yu-Sheng Chen
- ChemMatCARS, The University of Chicago, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - W C Chen
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
- Department of Materials Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - M R Norman
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - S Rosenkranz
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - J F Mitchell
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - D Phelan
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
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2
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Stoupin S, Ruff JPC, Krawczyk T, Finkelstein KD. X-ray reflectivity of chemically vapor-deposited diamond single crystals in the Laue geometry. Acta Crystallogr A Found Adv 2018; 74:567-577. [PMID: 30182943 DOI: 10.1107/s2053273318009439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The absolute X-ray reflectivity of chemically vapor-deposited (CVD) single-crystal diamond plates was measured in the Laue geometry in the double-crystal non-dispersive setting with an asymmetric Si beam-conditioner crystal. The measurements were supplemented by rocking-curve topography. The measured reflectivity curves are examined in the framework of the Darwin-Hamilton approach using a set of two independent parameters: the characteristic thickness of mosaic blocks and their average angular misorientation. Owing to strong extinction effects, the width of the reflectivity curves does not directly represent the average misorientation of the blocks. Two different sets of parameters were found for the 111 asymmetric reflection in the two different scattering configurations (beam compression and beam expansion). Analysis of the rocking-curve topographs shows that this discrepancy can be attributed to inhomogeneity of the diamond crystal microstructure.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Stoupin
- Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - J P C Ruff
- Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - T Krawczyk
- Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - K D Finkelstein
- Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
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3
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Krogstad MJ, Gehring PM, Rosenkranz S, Osborn R, Ye F, Liu Y, Ruff JPC, Chen W, Wozniak JM, Luo H, Chmaissem O, Ye ZG, Phelan D. The relation of local order to material properties in relaxor ferroelectrics. Nat Mater 2018; 17:718-724. [PMID: 29941922 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-018-0112-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Correlating electromechanical and dielectric properties with nanometre-scale order is the defining challenge for the development of piezoelectric oxides. Current lead (Pb)-based relaxor ferroelectrics can serve as model systems with which to unravel these correlations, but the nature of the local order and its relation to material properties remains controversial. Here we employ recent advances in diffuse scattering instrumentation to investigate crystals that span the phase diagram of PbMg1/3Nb2/3O3-xPbTiO3 (PMN-xPT) and identify four forms of local order. From the compositional dependence, we resolve the coupling of each form to the dielectric and electromechanical properties observed. We show that relaxor behaviour does not correlate simply with ferroic diffuse scattering; instead, it results from a competition between local antiferroelectric correlations, seeded by chemical short-range order, and local ferroic order. The ferroic diffuse scattering is strongest where piezoelectricity is maximal and displays previously unrecognized modulations caused by anion displacements. Our observations provide new guidelines for evaluating displacive models and hence the piezoelectric properties of environmentally friendly next-generation materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Krogstad
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA
- Department of Physics, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, USA
| | - P M Gehring
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - S Rosenkranz
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA
| | - R Osborn
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA
| | - F Ye
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Y Liu
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - J P C Ruff
- CHESS, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - W Chen
- Department of Chemistry and 4D LABS, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - J M Wozniak
- Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA
- Computation Institute, University of Chicago and Argonne National Laboratory, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - H Luo
- Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - O Chmaissem
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA
- Department of Physics, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, USA
| | - Z-G Ye
- Department of Chemistry and 4D LABS, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - D Phelan
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA.
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4
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Kogar A, de la Pena GA, Lee S, Fang Y, Sun SXL, Lioi DB, Karapetrov G, Finkelstein KD, Ruff JPC, Abbamonte P, Rosenkranz S. Observation of a Charge Density Wave Incommensuration Near the Superconducting Dome in Cu_{x}TiSe_{2}. Phys Rev Lett 2017; 118:027002. [PMID: 28128591 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.118.027002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
X-ray diffraction was employed to study the evolution of the charge density wave (CDW) in Cu_{x}TiSe_{2} as a function of copper intercalation in order to clarify the relationship between the CDW and superconductivity. The results show a CDW incommensuration arising at an intercalation value coincident with the onset of superconductivity at around x=0.055(5). Additionally, it was found that the charge density wave persists to higher intercalant concentrations than previously assumed, demonstrating that the CDW does not terminate inside the superconducting dome. A charge density wave peak was observed in samples up to x=0.091(6), the highest copper concentration examined in this study. The phase diagram established in this work suggests that charge density wave incommensuration may play a role in the formation of the superconducting state.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kogar
- Department of Physics and Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - G A de la Pena
- Department of Physics and Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Sangjun Lee
- Department of Physics and Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Y Fang
- Department of Physics and Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - S X-L Sun
- Department of Physics and Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - D B Lioi
- Department of Physics, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - G Karapetrov
- Department of Physics, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - K D Finkelstein
- Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - J P C Ruff
- Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - P Abbamonte
- Department of Physics and Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - S Rosenkranz
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
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5
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Chatterjee U, Zhao J, Iavarone M, Di Capua R, Castellan JP, Karapetrov G, Malliakas CD, Kanatzidis MG, Claus H, Ruff JPC, Weber F, van Wezel J, Campuzano JC, Osborn R, Randeria M, Trivedi N, Norman MR, Rosenkranz S. Emergence of coherence in the charge-density wave state of 2H-NbSe2. Nat Commun 2015; 6:6313. [PMID: 25687135 PMCID: PMC4339883 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
A charge-density wave (CDW) state has a broken symmetry described by a complex order parameter with an amplitude and a phase. The conventional view, based on clean, weak-coupling systems, is that a finite amplitude and long-range phase coherence set in simultaneously at the CDW transition temperature Tcdw. Here we investigate, using photoemission, X-ray scattering and scanning tunnelling microscopy, the canonical CDW compound 2H-NbSe2 intercalated with Mn and Co, and show that the conventional view is untenable. We find that, either at high temperature or at large intercalation, CDW order becomes short-ranged with a well-defined amplitude, which has impacts on the electronic dispersion, giving rise to an energy gap. The phase transition at Tcdw marks the onset of long-range order with global phase coherence, leading to sharp electronic excitations. Our observations emphasize the importance of phase fluctuations in strongly coupled CDW systems and provide insights into the significance of phase incoherence in ‘pseudogap’ states. Charge density waves are described by a complex order parameter whose amplitude is expected to vanish at the transition temperature. This study shows that the transition in 2H-NbSe2 is driven by fluctuations of the phase of the order parameter, with a finite amplitude surviving in the disordered state.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Chatterjee
- 1] Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA [2] Department of Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - J Zhao
- 1] Department of Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA [2] Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - M Iavarone
- Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - R Di Capua
- Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - J P Castellan
- 1] Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA [2] Institute of Solid State Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, PO Box 3640, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - G Karapetrov
- Department of Physics, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - C D Malliakas
- 1] Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA [2] Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
| | - M G Kanatzidis
- 1] Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA [2] Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
| | - H Claus
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - J P C Ruff
- 1] Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA [2] CHESS, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - F Weber
- 1] Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA [2] Institute of Solid State Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, PO Box 3640, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - J van Wezel
- 1] Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA [2] Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Amsterdam, Tyndall Avenue, 1090 GL Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J C Campuzano
- 1] Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA [2] Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - R Osborn
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - M Randeria
- Department of Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - N Trivedi
- Department of Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - M R Norman
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - S Rosenkranz
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
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6
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Nie YF, King PDC, Kim CH, Uchida M, Wei HI, Faeth BD, Ruf JP, Ruff JPC, Xie L, Pan X, Fennie CJ, Schlom DG, Shen KM. Interplay of spin-orbit interactions, dimensionality, and octahedral rotations in semimetallic SrIrO(3). Phys Rev Lett 2015; 114:016401. [PMID: 25615483 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.114.016401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We employ reactive molecular-beam epitaxy to synthesize the metastable perovskite SrIrO(3) and utilize in situ angle-resolved photoemission to reveal its electronic structure as an exotic narrow-band semimetal. We discover remarkably narrow bands which originate from a confluence of strong spin-orbit interactions, dimensionality, and both in- and out-of-plane IrO(6) octahedral rotations. The partial occupation of numerous bands with strongly mixed orbital characters signals the breakdown of the single-band Mott picture that characterizes its insulating two-dimensional counterpart, Sr(2)IrO(4), illustrating the power of structure-property relations for manipulating the subtle balance between spin-orbit interactions and electron-electron interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y F Nie
- Department of Physics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA and National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - P D C King
- Department of Physics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA and Kavli Institute at Cornell for Nanoscale Science, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - C H Kim
- Department of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - M Uchida
- Department of Physics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - H I Wei
- Department of Physics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - B D Faeth
- Department of Physics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - J P Ruf
- Department of Physics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - J P C Ruff
- CHESS, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - L Xie
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - X Pan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - C J Fennie
- Department of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - D G Schlom
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA and Kavli Institute at Cornell for Nanoscale Science, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - K M Shen
- Department of Physics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA and Kavli Institute at Cornell for Nanoscale Science, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
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7
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Castellan JP, Rosenkranz S, Osborn R, Li Q, Gray KE, Luo X, Welp U, Karapetrov G, Ruff JPC, van Wezel J. Chiral phase transition in charge ordered 1T-TiSe2. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 110:196404. [PMID: 23705726 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.110.196404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2012] [Revised: 02/22/2013] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
It was recently discovered that the low-temperature, charge-ordered phase of 1T-TiSe(2) has a chiral character. This unexpected chirality in a system described by a scalar order parameter could be explained in a model where the emergence of relative phase shifts between three charge density wave components breaks the inversion symmetry of the lattice. Here, we present experimental evidence for the sequence of phase transitions predicted by that theory, going from disorder to nonchiral and finally to chiral charge order. Employing x-ray diffraction, specific heat, and electrical transport measurements, we find that a novel phase transition occurs ~7 K below the main charge ordering transition in TiSe(2), in agreement with the predicted hierarchy of charge-ordered phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- John-Paul Castellan
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
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8
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Ruff JPC, Chu JH, Kuo HH, Das RK, Nojiri H, Fisher IR, Islam Z. Susceptibility anisotropy in an iron arsenide superconductor revealed by x-ray diffraction in pulsed magnetic fields. Phys Rev Lett 2012; 109:027004. [PMID: 23030198 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.109.027004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In addition to unconventional high-T(c) superconductivity, the iron arsenides exhibit strong magnetoelastic coupling and a notable electronic anisotropy within the a-b plane. We relate these properties by studying underdoped Ba(Fe(1-x)Co(x))2As2 by x-ray diffraction in pulsed magnetic fields up to 27.5 T. We exploit magnetic detwinning effects to demonstrate anisotropy in the in-plane susceptibility, which develops at the structural phase transition despite the absence of magnetic order. The degree of detwinning increases smoothly with decreasing temperature, and a single-domain condition is realized over a range of field and temperature. At low temperatures we observe an activated behavior, with a large hysteretic remnant effect. Detwinning was not observed within the superconducting phase for accessible magnetic fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P C Ruff
- The Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA.
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9
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Das RK, Islam Z, Ruff JPC, Sawh RP, Weinstein R, Canfield PC, Kim JW, Lang JC. A novel approach for x-ray scattering experiments in magnetic fields utilizing trapped flux in type-II superconductors. Rev Sci Instrum 2012; 83:065103. [PMID: 22755658 DOI: 10.1063/1.4725523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We introduce a novel approach to x-ray scattering studies in applied magnetic fields by exploiting vortices in superconductors. This method is based on trapping magnetic flux in a small disk-shaped superconductor (known as a trapped field magnet, TFM) with a single-crystal sample mounted on or at close proximity to its surface. This opens an unrestricted optical access to the sample and allows magnetic fields to be applied precisely along the x-ray momentum transfer, facilitating polarization-sensitive experiments that have been impractical or impossible to perform to date. The TFMs used in our study remain stable and provide practically uniform magnetic fields for days, which are sufficient for comprehensive x-ray diffraction experiments, specifically x-ray resonance exchange scattering (XRES) to study field-induced phenomena at a modern synchrotron source. The TFM instrument has been used in a "proof-of-principle" XRES study of a meta-magnetic phase in a rare-earth compound, TbNi(2)Ge(2), in order to demonstrate its potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- R K Das
- X-Ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Ave., Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
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10
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Granroth GE, Kolesnikov AI, Sherline TE, Clancy JP, Ross KA, Ruff JPC, Gaulin BD, Nagler SE. SEQUOIA: A Newly Operating Chopper Spectrometer at the SNS. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/251/1/012058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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11
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Ruff JPC, Islam Z, Clancy JP, Ross KA, Nojiri H, Matsuda YH, Dabkowska HA, Dabkowski AD, Gaulin BD. Magnetoelastics of a spin liquid: X-ray diffraction studies of Tb2Ti2O7 in pulsed magnetic fields. Phys Rev Lett 2010; 105:077203. [PMID: 20868073 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.105.077203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We report high resolution single crystal x-ray diffraction measurements of the frustrated pyrochlore magnet Tb2Ti2O7, collected using a novel low temperature pulsed magnet system. This instrument allows characterization of structural degrees of freedom to temperatures as low as 4.4 K, and in applied magnetic fields as large as 30 T. We show that Tb2Ti2O7 manifests intriguing structural effects under the application of magnetic fields, including strongly anisotropic giant magnetostriction, a restoration of perfect pyrochlore symmetry in low magnetic fields, and ultimately a structural phase transition in high magnetic fields. It is suggested that the magnetoelastic coupling thus revealed plays a significant role in the spin liquid physics of Tb2Ti2O7 at low temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P C Ruff
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4M1, Canada
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12
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Ross KA, Ruff JPC, Adams CP, Gardner JS, Dabkowska HA, Qiu Y, Copley JRD, Gaulin BD. Two-dimensional kagome correlations and field induced order in the ferromagnetic XY pyrochlore Yb2Ti2O7. Phys Rev Lett 2009; 103:227202. [PMID: 20366123 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.103.227202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2009] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Neutron scattering measurements show the ferromagnetic XY pyrochlore Yb2Ti2O7 to display strong quasi-two-dimensional (2D) spin correlations at low temperature, which give way to long range order (LRO) under the application of modest magnetic fields. Rods of scattering along 111 directions due to these 2D spin correlations imply a magnetic decomposition of the cubic pyrochlore system into decoupled kagome planes. A magnetic field of approximately 0.5 T applied along the [110] direction induces a transition to a 3D LRO state characterized by long-lived, dispersive spin waves. Our measurements map out a complex low temperature-field phase diagram for this exotic pyrochlore magnet.
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Affiliation(s)
- K A Ross
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4M1, Canada
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13
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Ruff JPC, Clancy JP, Bourque A, White MA, Ramazanoglu M, Gardner JS, Qiu Y, Copley JRD, Johnson MB, Dabkowska HA, Gaulin BD. Spin waves and quantum criticality in the frustrated XY pyrochlore antiferromagnet Er2Ti2O7. Phys Rev Lett 2008; 101:147205. [PMID: 18851568 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.101.147205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We report detailed measurements of the low temperature magnetic phase diagram of Er2Ti2O7. Heat capacity and time-of-flight neutron scattering studies of single crystals reveal unconventional low-energy states. Er3+ magnetic ions reside on a pyrochlore lattice in Er2Ti2O7, where local XY anisotropy and antiferromagnetic interactions give rise to a unique frustrated system. In zero field, the ground state exhibits coexisting short and long-range order, accompanied by soft collective spin excitations previously believed to be absent. The application of finite magnetic fields tunes the ground state continuously through a landscape of noncollinear phases, divided by a zero temperature phase transition at micro{0}H{c} approximately 1.5 T. The characteristic energy scale for spin fluctuations is seen to vanish at the critical point, as expected for a second order quantum phase transition driven by quantum fluctuations.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P C Ruff
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4M1, Canada
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Ruff JPC, Gaulin BD, Castellan JP, Rule KC, Clancy JP, Rodriguez J, Dabkowska HA. Structural Fluctuations in the spin-liquid state of Tb2Ti2O7. Phys Rev Lett 2007; 99:237202. [PMID: 18233404 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.99.237202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
High-resolution x-ray scattering measurements on single crystal Tb2Ti2O7 reveal finite structural correlations at low temperatures. This geometrically frustrated pyrochlore is known to exhibit a spin-liquid or cooperative paramagnetic state at temperatures below approximately 20 K. Parametric studies of structural Bragg peaks appropriate to the Fd3[over ]m space group of Tb2Ti2O7 reveal substantial broadening and peak intensity reduction in the temperature regime 20 K to 300 mK. We also observe a small, anomalous lattice expansion on cooling below a density maximum at approximately 18 K. These measurements are consistent with the development of fluctuations above a cooperative Jahn-Teller, cubic-tetragonal phase transition at very low temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P C Ruff
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4M1, Canada
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15
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Rule KC, Ruff JPC, Gaulin BD, Dunsiger SR, Gardner JS, Clancy JP, Lewis MJ, Dabkowska HA, Mirebeau I, Manuel P, Qiu Y, Copley JRD. Field-induced order and spin waves in the pyrochlore antiferromagnet Tb2Ti207. Phys Rev Lett 2006; 96:177201. [PMID: 16712328 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.96.177201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2006] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
High resolution time-of-flight neutron scattering measurements on Tb(2)Ti(2)0(7) reveal a rich low temperature phase diagram in the presence of a magnetic field applied along [110]. In zero field at T = 0.4 K, Tb(2)Ti(2)0(7) is a highly correlated cooperative paramagnet with disordered spins residing on a pyrochlore lattice of corner-sharing tetrahedra. Application of a small field condenses much of the magnetic diffuse scattering, characteristic of the disordered spins, into a new Bragg peak characteristic of a polarized paramagnet. At higher fields, a magnetically ordered phase is induced, which supports spin wave excitations indicative of continuous, rather than Ising-like, spin degrees of freedom.
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Affiliation(s)
- K C Rule
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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