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Vainio SK, Dickens AM, Tuisku J, Eskola O, Solin O, Löyttyniemi E, Anthony DC, Rinne JO, Airas L, Haaparanta-Solin M. Cessation of anti-VLA-4 therapy in a focal rat model of multiple sclerosis causes an increase in neuroinflammation. EJNMMI Res 2019; 9:38. [PMID: 31073768 PMCID: PMC6509289 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-019-0508-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Positron emission tomography (PET) can be used for in vivo evaluation of the pathology associated with multiple sclerosis. We investigated the use of longitudinal PET imaging and the 18-kDa translocator protein (TSPO) binding radioligand [18F]GE-180 to detect changes in a chronic multiple sclerosis-like focal delayed-type hypersensitivity experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (fDTH-EAE) rat model during and after anti-VLA-4 monoclonal antibody (mAb) treatment. Thirty days after lesion activation, fDTH-EAE rats were treated with the anti-VLA-4 mAb (n = 4) or a control mAb (n = 4; 5 mg/kg, every third day, subcutaneously) for 31 days. Animals were imaged with [18F]GE-180 on days 30, 44, 65, 86 and 142. Another group of animals (n = 4) was used for visualisation the microglia with Iba-1 at day 44 after a 2-week treatment period. Results After a 2-week treatment period on day 44, there was a declining trend (p = 0.067) in [18F]GE-180-binding in the anti-VLA-4 mAb-treated animals versus controls. However, cessation of treatment for 4 days after a 31-day treatment period increased [18F]GE-180 binding in animals treated with anti-VLA-4 mAb compared to the control group (p = 0.0003). There was no difference between the groups in TSPO binding by day 142. Conclusions These results demonstrated that cessation of anti-VLA-4 mAb treatment for 4 days caused a transient rebound increase in neuroinflammation. This highlights the usefulness of serial TSPO imaging in the fDTH-EAE model to better understand the rebound phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Vainio
- Turku PET Centre, Preclinical PET Imaging, University of Turku, Tykistökatu 6 A, 20520, Turku, Finland. .,MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
| | - A M Dickens
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - J Tuisku
- Turku PET Centre, Clinical Neurology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - O Eskola
- Turku PET Centre, Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - O Solin
- Turku PET Centre, Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Department of Chemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Accelerator Laboratory, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - E Löyttyniemi
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - D C Anthony
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - J O Rinne
- Turku PET Centre, Clinical Neurology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - L Airas
- Turku PET Centre, Clinical Neurology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.,Division of Clinical Neurosciences, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.,Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - M Haaparanta-Solin
- Turku PET Centre, Preclinical PET Imaging, University of Turku, Tykistökatu 6 A, 20520, Turku, Finland.,MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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Rissanen E, Tuisku J, Virta J, Paavilainen T, Parkkola R, Rinne J, Airas L. Increased Microglial Activation in the Brain of Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis Patients Detected Using [11C]PK11195 PET (S21.003). Neurology 2012. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.78.1_meetingabstracts.s21.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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