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Rajakumar I, Vidya TA, Ramachandran K, Hussain A, Aarthi J, Poovitha M, Madhavan K, Kumar JS. Platelet indices as prognostic markers of ischemic stroke and their correlation with lipid profile. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2024; 237:108119. [PMID: 38295481 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2024.108119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Stroke is the cause of one in eight deaths and adds a dreadful burden of disability for the patients. Ischemic stroke is caused by a loss of blood supply to brain due to sudden occlusion of the arterial system, caused by an emboli or thrombus. Our aim was to correlate platelet indices, total cholesterol ratio, and various comorbidities with stroke. METHODS A cross-sectional study was performed from 2020-2022 with 132 stroke patients admitted to the SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Center, India. Detailed clinical examination was performed. Venous blood samples were drawn at the time of admission to estimate platelet count, mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), and platelet crit (PCT). Overnight fasting serum samples were obtained for lipid profiling. RESULTS Among the participants in our study, maximum belonged to the age group 50 to 59 years (34.1%) and majority were males (79.5%). In terms of comorbidities, 85.6% of the participants had diabetes, 42.4% had hypertension and 22% had dyslipaedemia. All platelet and lipid parameters were found to be similar between patients with and without comorbidities. While all platelet indices increased with the increase in severity of stroke, we found that PDW is most reliable in predicting stroke with an area under the receiver operator curve of 0.942, with a sensitivity and specificity of 92.1% at cut-off value 14. All platelet parameters also significantly increased in patients with severe lipid dysfuction, establishing a correlation between lipid profile, platelet indices and stroke. CONCULSION We found a significant relationship between all platelet parameters and stroke. Thus, we believe that patients with risk factors for atherosclerosis should have their platelet indices assessed periodically before the development of cerebrovascular events. Furthermore, dyslipidemia if properly treated, is a modifiable risk factor for stroke, which can decrease morbidity and mortality leading to a healthier society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilakyaa Rajakumar
- Department of General Medicine, SRM Medical college Hospital and Research Centre, SRMIST, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603209, India
| | - T A Vidya
- Department of General Medicine, SRM Medical college Hospital and Research Centre, SRMIST, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603209, India
| | - Krithika Ramachandran
- Department of Medical Research, SRM Medical college Hospital and Research Centre, SRMIST, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603209, India
| | - Aamina Hussain
- Department of Community Medicine, SRM Medical college Hospital and Research Centre, SRMIST, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603209, India
| | - J Aarthi
- Department of General Medicine, SRM Medical college Hospital and Research Centre, SRMIST, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603209, India
| | - M Poovitha
- Department of General Medicine, SRM Medical college Hospital and Research Centre, SRMIST, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603209, India
| | - K Madhavan
- Department of General Medicine, SRM Medical college Hospital and Research Centre, SRMIST, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603209, India
| | - J S Kumar
- Department of General Medicine, SRM Medical college Hospital and Research Centre, SRMIST, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603209, India.
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Chand S, Kumar N, Mawari G, Sarkar S, Daga MK, Raghu RV, Aarthi J, Fatima A. Systemic inflammatory response syndrome criteria (SIRS) and sepsis 3 criteria for assessing outcomes in sepsis: A prospective observational study. Lung India 2023; 40:200-204. [PMID: 37148015 PMCID: PMC10298813 DOI: 10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_400_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Sepsis is a major cause of death in hospitalised patients worldwide. Most studies for assessing outcomes in sepsis are from the western literature. Sparse data from Indian settings are available comparing the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) and quick SOFA (qSOFA) (sepsis 3 criteria) for assessing outcomes in sepsis. In this study, we aimed to compare the SIRS criteria and sepsis 3 criteria to assess disease outcome at day 28 (recovery/mortality) in a North Indian tertiary care teaching hospital. Methods A prospective observational study was performed in the Department of Medicine from 2019 to early 2020. Patients admitted to the medical emergency with clinical suspicion of sepsis were included. Systemic inflammatory response syndrome, qSOFA and SOFA scores were calculated at the time of presentation to the hospital. Patients were followed through the course of their hospital stay. Results Out of 149 patients, 139 were included in the analysis. Patients who died had significantly higher mean SOFA, qSOFA scores and mean change in SOFA score than patients who survived (P value <0.01). There was no statistical difference between recovery and deaths at similar SIRS scores. A 40.30% fatality rate was recorded. Systemic inflammatory response syndrome had low Area Under Curve (AUC) (0.47) with low sensitivity (76.8) and specificity (21.7). SOFA had the maximum AUC (0.68) compared to qSOFA (0.63) and SIRS (0.47). SOFA also had the maximum sensitivity (98.1) while the qSOFA score had the maximum specificity (84.3). Conclusion SOFA and qSOFA scores had superior predictive ability as compared to the SIRS score in assessing mortality in sepsis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddharth Chand
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India
| | - Naresh Kumar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India
| | - Govind Mawari
- Centre for Occupational and Environment Health (COEH), Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India
| | - Sayan Sarkar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India
| | - Mradul Kumar Daga
- Internal Medicine and Infectious Disease, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - RV Raghu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India
| | - J. Aarthi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India
| | - Arisha Fatima
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India
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Aarthi J, Muthu MS, Kirthiga M, Kailasam V. Modified OXIS classification for primary canines. Wellcome Open Res 2022; 7:130. [PMID: 35975272 PMCID: PMC9358489 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.17775.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: A new classification called OXIS was proposed for categorising the interproximal contacts of primary molars, and its prevalence was established. The aim of this study was to establish the variations in interproximal contacts of primary canines and thereby modify the OXIS classification of primary molars to primary canines. Additionally, we aimed to estimate the applicability of modifications to primary anterior teeth. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted with sectional die models obtained from a previous study of 1,090 caries-free children. Two calibrated examiners evaluated a total of 4,674 contacts from the occlusal aspect. The contacts were scored according to the former OXIS classification, with two modifications incorporated to encompass the morphological differences and rotations of primary canines and other primary anterior teeth. Results: The most prevalent contact was O (62.1%), followed by X (19.6%), I (12.6%), S type I (4.1%), and S type II (1.6%). Inter-arch comparison by means of the Chi-square test revealed significant differences for all types of contacts (
P < .001). Conclusions: The interproximal contacts of canines were categorised as O, X, I, S I, and S II. The OXIS classification of primary molars was modified to befit the variations in primary canines. This study showed the presence of different types of contacts in primary canines. Identification of these contacts and their complexity has warranted a need for this to be studied as an inherent risk factor for caries risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Aarthi
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive dentistry, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Pallikaranai, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600100, India
| | - MS Muthu
- Centre for Early Childhood Caries Research, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Sri Ramachandra Faculty of Dental Sciences, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600116, India
- Centre of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman, 20550, United Arab Emirates
| | - M Kirthiga
- Centre for Early Childhood Caries Research, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Sri Ramachandra Faculty of Dental Sciences, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600116, India
| | - Vignesh Kailasam
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Sri Ramachandra Faculty of Dental Sciences, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600116, India
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Aarthi J, Muthu MS, Kirthiga M, Kailasam V. Modified OXIS classification for primary canines. Wellcome Open Res 2022; 7:130. [DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.17775.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: A new classification called OXIS was proposed for categorising the interproximal contacts of primary molars, and its prevalence was established. The aim of this study was to establish the variations in interproximal contacts of primary canines and thereby modify the OXIS classification of primary molars to primary canines. Additionally, we aimed to estimate the applicability of modifications to primary anterior teeth. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted with sectional die models obtained from a previous study of 1,090 caries-free children. Two calibrated examiners evaluated a total of 4,674 contacts from the occlusal aspect. The contacts were scored according to the former OXIS classification, with two modifications incorporated to encompass the morphological differences and rotations of primary canines and other primary anterior teeth. Results: The most prevalent contact was O (62.1%), followed by X (19.6%), I (12.6%), S type I (4.1%), and S type II (1.6%). Inter-arch comparison by means of the Chi-square test revealed significant differences for all types of contacts (P < .001). Conclusions: The interproximal contacts of canines were categorised as O, X, I, S I, and S II. The OXIS classification of primary molars was modified to befit the variations in primary canines. This study showed the presence of different types of contacts in primary canines. Identification of these contacts and their complexity has warranted a need for this to be studied as an inherent risk factor for caries risk assessment.
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Daga M, Raghu RV, Mawari G, Kumar N, Gautam S, Aarthi J, Chand S, Ritchie N, Rana G, Acharya S, Sen P, Chaudhary D, Kain P, Garg N, Bhoria D. Role of cardiac biomarkers in patients of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with acute exacerbation. Indian J Med Spec 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/injms.injms_4_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Daga M, Mawari G, Chand S, Aarthi J, Raghu RV, Kumar N. Are patients with comorbidities more prone to sequalae in severe COVID-19. Indian J Med Spec 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/injms.injms_37_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Aarthi J, Gowri S, Dilip CS. A new metal-organic hybrid crystal with excellent transparency in the visible spectrum: Growth, structure and properties of sodium fumarate – Boric acid tetrahydrate. J Mol Struct 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2018.12.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Sudheesh K, Rao RR, Kavya M, Aarthi J, Rani DD, Nethra SS. Comparative study of two doses of intrathecal dexmedetomidine as adjuvant with low dose hyperbaric bupivacaine in ambulatory perianal surgeries: A prospective randomised controlled study. Indian J Anaesth 2015; 59:648-52. [PMID: 26644612 PMCID: PMC4645353 DOI: 10.4103/0019-5049.167485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims: Dexmedetomidine (DMT), as intrathecal adjuvant has been shown to successfully prolong duration of analgesia but delay the motor recovery. Hence, this study was designed to find out the dose of DMT which can provide satisfactory analgesia without prolonging motor block. Methods: A total of 50 patients scheduled for elective perianal surgeries were randomly allocated to Groups C or D (n = 25). Group D received hyperbaric bupivacaine 0.5% 4 mg + DMT 5 μg and Group C received hyperbaric bupivacaine 0.5% 4 mg + DMT 3 μg intrathecally. Onset and duration of sensory and motor blockade, duration of analgesia, time for ambulation and first urination were recorded. Adverse effects if any were noted. Results: Demographic characters, duration of surgery were comparable. The onset of sensory block to S1 was 9.61 ± 5.53 min in Group C compared to 7.69 ± 4.80 min in Group D (P = 0.35). Duration of sensory (145.28 ± 83.17 min – C, 167.85 ± 93.75 min – D, P = 0.5) and motor block (170.53 ± 73.44 min – C, 196.14 ± 84.28 min, P = 0.39) were comparable. Duration of analgesia (337.86 ± 105.11 min – C, 340.78 ± 101.81 min – D, P = 0.9) and time for ambulation (252.46 ± 93.72 min – C, 253.64 ± 88.04 min – D, P = 0.97) were also comparable. One patient in each group had urinary retention requiring catheterization. No other side effects were observed. Conclusion: Intrathecal DMT 3 μg dose does not produce faster ambulation compared to intrathecal DMT 5 μg though it produces comparable duration of analgesia for perianal surgeries.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Sudheesh
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Rs Raghavendra Rao
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - M Kavya
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - J Aarthi
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - D Devika Rani
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - S S Nethra
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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