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Froidevaux L, Jiang YB, Lambert A, Livesey NJ, Read WG, Waters JW, Browell EV, Hair JW, Avery MA, McGee TJ, Twigg LW, Sumnicht GK, Jucks KW, Margitan JJ, Sen B, Stachnik RA, Toon GC, Bernath PF, Boone CD, Walker KA, Filipiak MJ, Harwood RS, Fuller RA, Manney GL, Schwartz MJ, Daffer WH, Drouin BJ, Cofield RE, Cuddy DT, Jarnot RF, Knosp BW, Perun VS, Snyder WV, Stek PC, Thurstans RP, Wagner PA. Validation of Aura Microwave Limb Sounder stratospheric ozone measurements. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jd008771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 229] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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2
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Proffitt MH, Aikin K, Tuck AF, Margitan JJ, Webster CR, Toon GC, Elkins JW. Seasonally averaged ozone and nitrous oxide in the Northern Hemisphere lower stratosphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd002657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. H. Proffitt
- Aeronomy Laboratory; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA); Boulder Colorado USA
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES); Boulder Colorado USA
| | - K. Aikin
- Aeronomy Laboratory; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA); Boulder Colorado USA
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES); Boulder Colorado USA
| | - A. F. Tuck
- Aeronomy Laboratory; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA); Boulder Colorado USA
| | - J. J. Margitan
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Jet Propulsion Laboratory; California Institute of Technology; Pasadena California USA
| | - C. R. Webster
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Jet Propulsion Laboratory; California Institute of Technology; Pasadena California USA
| | - G. C. Toon
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Jet Propulsion Laboratory; California Institute of Technology; Pasadena California USA
| | - J. W. Elkins
- Climate Monitoring and Diagnostics Laboratory; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA); Boulder Colorado USA
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Kawa SR, Bevilacqua RM, Margitan JJ, Douglass AR, Schoeberl MR, Hoppel KW, Sen B. Interaction between dynamics and chemistry of ozone in the setup phase of the Northern Hemisphere polar vortex. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd001527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. R. Kawa
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center; Greenbelt Maryland USA
| | | | - J. J. Margitan
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory; California Institute of Technology; Pasadena California USA
| | - A. R. Douglass
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center; Greenbelt Maryland USA
| | | | - K. W. Hoppel
- Naval Research Laboratory; Washington, D. C. USA
| | - B. Sen
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory; California Institute of Technology; Pasadena California USA
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Hanisco TF, Lanzendorf EJ, Wennberg PO, Perkins KK, Stimpfle RM, Voss PB, Anderson JG, Cohen RC, Fahey DW, Gao RS, Hintsa EJ, Salawitch RJ, Margitan JJ, McElroy CT, Midwinter C. Sources, Sinks, and the Distribution of OH in the Lower Stratosphere. J Phys Chem A 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/jp002334g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. F. Hanisco
- Department of Chemistry, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, University of California, Berkeley, California, NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, Colorado, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California, and Atomospheric Enivironment, Downsview, Ontario, Canada
| | - E. J. Lanzendorf
- Department of Chemistry, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, University of California, Berkeley, California, NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, Colorado, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California, and Atomospheric Enivironment, Downsview, Ontario, Canada
| | - P. O. Wennberg
- Department of Chemistry, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, University of California, Berkeley, California, NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, Colorado, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California, and Atomospheric Enivironment, Downsview, Ontario, Canada
| | - K. K. Perkins
- Department of Chemistry, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, University of California, Berkeley, California, NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, Colorado, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California, and Atomospheric Enivironment, Downsview, Ontario, Canada
| | - R. M. Stimpfle
- Department of Chemistry, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, University of California, Berkeley, California, NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, Colorado, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California, and Atomospheric Enivironment, Downsview, Ontario, Canada
| | - P. B. Voss
- Department of Chemistry, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, University of California, Berkeley, California, NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, Colorado, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California, and Atomospheric Enivironment, Downsview, Ontario, Canada
| | - J. G. Anderson
- Department of Chemistry, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, University of California, Berkeley, California, NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, Colorado, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California, and Atomospheric Enivironment, Downsview, Ontario, Canada
| | - R. C. Cohen
- Department of Chemistry, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, University of California, Berkeley, California, NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, Colorado, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California, and Atomospheric Enivironment, Downsview, Ontario, Canada
| | - D. W. Fahey
- Department of Chemistry, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, University of California, Berkeley, California, NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, Colorado, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California, and Atomospheric Enivironment, Downsview, Ontario, Canada
| | - R. S. Gao
- Department of Chemistry, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, University of California, Berkeley, California, NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, Colorado, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California, and Atomospheric Enivironment, Downsview, Ontario, Canada
| | - E. J. Hintsa
- Department of Chemistry, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, University of California, Berkeley, California, NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, Colorado, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California, and Atomospheric Enivironment, Downsview, Ontario, Canada
| | - R. J. Salawitch
- Department of Chemistry, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, University of California, Berkeley, California, NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, Colorado, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California, and Atomospheric Enivironment, Downsview, Ontario, Canada
| | - J. J. Margitan
- Department of Chemistry, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, University of California, Berkeley, California, NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, Colorado, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California, and Atomospheric Enivironment, Downsview, Ontario, Canada
| | - C. T. McElroy
- Department of Chemistry, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, University of California, Berkeley, California, NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, Colorado, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California, and Atomospheric Enivironment, Downsview, Ontario, Canada
| | - C. Midwinter
- Department of Chemistry, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, University of California, Berkeley, California, NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, Colorado, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California, and Atomospheric Enivironment, Downsview, Ontario, Canada
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5
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Lanzendorf EJ, Hanisco TF, Wennberg PO, Cohen RC, Stimpfle RM, Anderson JG, Gao RS, Margitan JJ, Bui TP. Establishing the Dependence of [HO2]/[OH] on Temperature, Halogen Loading, O3, and NOx Based on in Situ Measurements from the NASA ER-2. J Phys Chem A 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/jp002384l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. J. Lanzendorf
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138; Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences and Division of Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125; Department of Chemistry, University of CaliforniaBerkeley, Berkeley, California 94720; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Aeronomy Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado 80303; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91109
| | - T. F. Hanisco
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138; Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences and Division of Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125; Department of Chemistry, University of CaliforniaBerkeley, Berkeley, California 94720; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Aeronomy Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado 80303; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91109
| | - P. O. Wennberg
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138; Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences and Division of Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125; Department of Chemistry, University of CaliforniaBerkeley, Berkeley, California 94720; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Aeronomy Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado 80303; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91109
| | - R. C. Cohen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138; Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences and Division of Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125; Department of Chemistry, University of CaliforniaBerkeley, Berkeley, California 94720; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Aeronomy Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado 80303; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91109
| | - R. M. Stimpfle
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138; Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences and Division of Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125; Department of Chemistry, University of CaliforniaBerkeley, Berkeley, California 94720; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Aeronomy Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado 80303; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91109
| | - J. G. Anderson
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138; Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences and Division of Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125; Department of Chemistry, University of CaliforniaBerkeley, Berkeley, California 94720; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Aeronomy Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado 80303; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91109
| | - R. S. Gao
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138; Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences and Division of Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125; Department of Chemistry, University of CaliforniaBerkeley, Berkeley, California 94720; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Aeronomy Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado 80303; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91109
| | - J. J. Margitan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138; Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences and Division of Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125; Department of Chemistry, University of CaliforniaBerkeley, Berkeley, California 94720; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Aeronomy Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado 80303; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91109
| | - T. P. Bui
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138; Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences and Division of Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125; Department of Chemistry, University of CaliforniaBerkeley, Berkeley, California 94720; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Aeronomy Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado 80303; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91109
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6
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Webster CR, Michelsen HA, Gunson MR, Margitan JJ, Russell JM, Toon GC, Traub WA. Response of lower stratospheric HCl/Clyto volcanic aerosol: Observations from aircraft, balloon, space shuttle, and satellite instruments. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd901135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Toon GC, Blavier JF, Sen B, Margitan JJ, Webster CR, May RD, Fahey D, Gao R, Del Negro L, Proffitt M, Elkins J, Romashkin PA, Hurst DF, Oltmans S, Atlas E, Schauffler S, Flocke F, Bui TP, Stimpfle RM, Bonne GP, Voss PB, Cohen RC. Comparison of MkIV balloon and ER-2 aircraft measurements of atmospheric trace gases. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd900379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Rex M, Salawitch RJ, Toon GC, Sen B, Margitan JJ, Osterman GB, Blavier JF, Gao RS, Donnelly S, Keim E, Neuman J, Fahey DW, Webster CR, Scott DC, Herman RL, May RD, Moyer EJ, Gunson MR, Irion FW, Chang AY, Rinsland CP, Bui TP. Subsidence, mixing, and denitrification of Arctic polar vortex air measured during POLARIS. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd900463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Del Negro LA, Fahey DW, Gao RS, Donnelly SG, Keim ER, Neuman JA, Cohen RC, Perkins KK, Koch LC, Salawitch RJ, Lloyd SA, Proffitt MH, Margitan JJ, Stimpfle RM, Bonne GP, Voss PB, Wennberg PO, McElroy CT, Swartz WH, Kusterer TL, Anderson DE, Lait LR, Bui TP. Comparison of modeled and observed values of NO2and JNO2during the Photochemistry of Ozone Loss in the Arctic Region in Summer (POLARIS) mission. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd900246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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10
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Michelsen HA, Webster CR, Manney GL, Scott DC, Margitan JJ, May RD, Irion FW, Gunson MR, Russell JM, Spivakovsky CM. Maintenance of high HCl/Clyand NOx/NOy, in the Antarctic vortex: A chemical signature of confinement during spring. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd900473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Sen B, Osterman GB, Salawitch RJ, Toon GC, Margitan JJ, Blavier JF, Chang AY, May RD, Webster CR, Stimpfle RM, Bonne GP, Voss PB, Perkins KK, Anderson JG, Cohen RC, Elkins JW, Dutton GS, Hurst DF, Romashkin PA, Atlas EL, Schauffler SM, Loewenstein M. The budget and partitioning of stratospheric chlorine during the 1997 Arctic summer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd900245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Weinheimer AJ, Montzka DD, Campos TL, Walega JG, Ridley BA, Donnelly SG, Keim ER, Del Negro LA, Proffitt MH, Margitan JJ, Boering KA, Andrews AE, Daube BC, Wofsy SC, Anderson BE, Collins JE, Sachse GW, Vay SA, Elkins JW, Wamsley PR, Atlas EL, Flocke F, Schauffler S, Webster CR, May RD, Loewenstein M, Podolske JR, Bui TP, Chan KR, Bowen SW, Schoeberl MR, Lait LR, Newman PA. Comparison between DC-8 and ER-2 species measurements in the tropical middle troposphere: NO, NOy, O3, CO2, CH4, and N2O. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1029/98jd01421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Sen B, Toon GC, Osterman GB, Blavier JF, Margitan JJ, Salawitch RJ, Yue GK. Measurements of reactive nitrogen in the stratosphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1029/97jd02468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Wennberg PO, Hanisco TF, Jaegle L, Jacob DJ, Hintsa EJ, Lanzendorf EJ, Anderson JG, Gao R, Keim ER, Donnelly SG, Negro LAD, Fahey DW, McKeen SA, Salawitch RJ, Webster CR, May RD, Herman RL, Proffitt MH, Margitan JJ, Atlas EL, Schauffler SM, Flocke F, McElroy CT, Bui TP. Hydrogen radicals, nitrogen radicals, and the production of O3 in the upper troposphere. Science 1998; 279:49-53. [PMID: 9417019 DOI: 10.1126/science.279.5347.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 295] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The concentrations of the hydrogen radicals OH and HO2 in the middle and upper troposphere were measured simultaneously with those of NO, O3, CO, H2O, CH4, non-methane hydrocarbons, and with the ultraviolet and visible radiation field. The data allow a direct examination of the processes that produce O3 in this region of the atmosphere. Comparison of the measured concentrations of OH and HO2 with calculations based on their production from water vapor, ozone, and methane demonstrate that these sources are insufficient to explain the observed radical concentrations in the upper troposphere. The photolysis of carbonyl and peroxide compounds transported to this region from the lower troposphere may provide the source of HOx required to sustain the measured abundances of these radical species. The mechanism by which NO affects the production of O3 is also illustrated by the measurements. In the upper tropospheric air masses sampled, the production rate for ozone (determined from the measured concentrations of HO2 and NO) is calculated to be about 1 part per billion by volume each day. This production rate is faster than previously thought and implies that anthropogenic activities that add NO to the upper troposphere, such as biomass burning and aviation, will lead to production of more O3 than expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- PO Wennberg
- P. O. Wennberg, T. F. Hanisco, E. J. Hintsa, E. J. Lanzendorf, J. G. Anderson, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. L. Ja
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Volk CM, Elkins JW, Fahey DW, Salawitch RJ, Dutton GS, Gilligan JM, Proffitt MH, Loewenstein M, Podolske JR, Minschwaner K, Margitan JJ, Chan KR. Quantifying Transport Between the Tropical and Mid-Latitude Lower Stratosphere. Science 1996; 272:1763-8. [PMID: 8662478 DOI: 10.1126/science.272.5269.1763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Airborne in situ observations of molecules with a wide range of lifetimes (methane, nitrous oxide, reactive nitrogen, ozone, chlorinated halocarbons, and halon-1211), used in a tropical tracer model, show that mid-latitude air is entrained into the tropical lower stratosphere within about 13.5 months; transport is faster in the reverse direction. Because exchange with the tropics is slower than global photochemical models generally assume, ozone at mid-latitudes appears to be more sensitive to elevated levels of industrial chlorine than is currently predicted. Nevertheless, about 45 percent of air in the tropical ascent region at 21 kilometers is of mid-latitude origin, implying that emissions from supersonic aircraft could reach the middle stratosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- CM Volk
- C. M. Volk, G. S. Dutton, and J. M. Gilligan are with the Climate Monitoring and Diagnostics Laboratory (CMDL), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Boulder, CO 80303, and the Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES), University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA. J. W. Elkins is with NOAA/CMDL, Boulder, CO 80303, USA. D. W. Fahey is with the NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory, Boulder, CO 80303, USA. R. J. Salawitch and J. J. Margitan are with the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA. M. H. Proffitt is with the NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory, Boulder, CO 80303, and CIRES, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA. M. Loewenstein, J. R. Podolske, and K. R. Chan are with the NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA. K. Minschwaner is with the Department of Physics, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, NM 87801, USA
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16
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Froidevaux L, Read WG, Lungu TA, Cofield RE, Fishbein EF, Flower DA, Jarnot RF, Ridenoure BP, Shippony Z, Waters JW, Margitan JJ, McDermid IS, Stachnik RA, Peckham GE, Braathen G, Deshler T, Fishman J, Hofmann DJ, Oltmans SJ. Validation of UARS Microwave Limb Sounder ozone measurements. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1029/95jd02325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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17
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Bailey PL, Edwards DP, Gille JC, Lyjak LV, Massie ST, Roche AE, Kumer JB, Mergenthaler JL, Connor BJ, Gunson MR, Margitan JJ, McDermid IS, McGee TJ. Comparison of cryogenic limb array etalon spectrometer (CLAES) ozone observations with correlative measurements. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1029/95jd03614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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18
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Margitan JJ, Barnes RA, Brothers GB, Butler J, Burris J, Connor BJ, Ferrare RA, Kerr JB, Komhyr WD, McCormick MP, McDermid IS, McElroy CT, McGee TJ, Miller AJ, Owens M, Parrish AD, Parsons CL, Torres AL, Tsou JJ, Walsh TD, Whiteman D. Stratospheric Ozone Intercomparison Campaign (STOIC) 1989: Overview. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1029/95jd00509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Komhyr WD, Connor BJ, McDermid IS, McGee TJ, Parrish AD, Margitan JJ. Comparison of STOIC 1989 ground-based lidar, microwave spectrometer, and Dobson spectrophotometer Umkehr ozone profiles with ozone profiles from balloon-borne electrochemical concentration cell ozonesondes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1029/94jd02173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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20
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Proffitt MH, Aikin K, Margitan JJ, Loewenstein M, Podolske JR, Weaver A, Chan KR, Fast H, Elkins JW. Ozone Loss Inside the Northern Polar Vortex During the 1991-1992 Winter. Science 1993; 261:1150-4. [PMID: 17790350 DOI: 10.1126/science.261.5125.1150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Measurements made in the outer ring of the northern polar vortex from October 1991 through March 1992 reveal an altitude-dependent change in ozone, with a decrease at the bottom of the vortex and a substantial increase at the highest altitudes accessible to measurement. The increase is the result of ozone-rich air entering the vortex, and the decrease reflects ozone loss accumulated after the descent of the air through high concentrations of reactive chlorine. The depleted air that is released out of the bottom of the vortex is sufficient to significantly reduce column ozone at mid-latitudes.
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Tuck AF, Davies T, Hovde SJ, Noguer-Alba M, Fahey DW, Kawa SR, Kelly KK, Murphy DM, Proffitt MH, Margitan JJ, Loewenstein M, Podolske JR, Strahan SE, Chan KR. Polar stratospheric cloud processed air and potential voracity in the northern hemisphere lower stratosphere at mid-latitudes during winter. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992. [DOI: 10.1029/91jd01932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Kawa SR, Fahey DW, Heidt LE, Pollock WH, Solomon S, Anderson DE, Loewenstein M, Proffitt MH, Margitan JJ, Chan KR. Photochemical partitioning of the reactive nitrogen and chlorine reservoirs in the high-latitude stratosphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992. [DOI: 10.1029/91jd02399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Margitan JJ, Brothers GA, Browell EV, Cariolle D, Coffey MT, Farman JC, Farmer CB, Gregory GL, Harder JW, Hofmann DJ, Hypes W, Ismail S, Jakoubek RO, Komhyr W, Kooi S, Krueger AJ, Larsen JC, Mankin W, McCormick MP, Mount GH, Proffitt MH, Ravishankara AR, Schmeltekopf AL, Starr WL, Toon GC, Torres A, Tuck AF, Wahner A, Watterson I. Intercomparison of ozone measurements over Antarctica. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1989. [DOI: 10.1029/jd094id14p16557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Proffitt MH, Powell JA, Tuck AF, Fahey DW, Kelly KK, Krueger AJ, Schoeberl MR, Gary BL, Margitan JJ, Chan KR, Loewenstein M, Podolske JR. A chemical definition of the boundary of the Antarctic ozone hole. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1989. [DOI: 10.1029/jd094id09p11437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Tuck AF, Watson RT, Condon EP, Margitan JJ, Toon OB. The planning and execution of ER-2 and DC-8 aircraft flights over Antarctica, August and September 1987. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1989. [DOI: 10.1029/jd094id09p11181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Demore WB, Margitan JJ, Molina MJ, Watson RT, Golden DM, Hampson RF, Kurylo MJ, Howard CJ, Ravishankara AR. Tables of rate constants extracted fromchemical kinetics and photochemical data for use in stratospheric modeling. Evaluation number 7. INT J CHEM KINET 1985. [DOI: 10.1002/kin.550171010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Anderson JG, Grassl HJ, Shetter RE, Margitan JJ. Stratospheric free chlorine measured by balloon-borne in situ resonance fluorescence. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1980. [DOI: 10.1029/jc085ic05p02869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Abstract
Three simultaneous observations of atomic chlorine (Cl) and the chlorine monoxide radical (ClO) are reported which encompass the altitude interval between 25 and 45 kilometers. Together, Cl and ClO form a gas-phase catalytic cycle potentially capable of depleting stratospheric ozone. Observed Cl and C1O densities, although variable, imply that chlorine compounds constitute an important part of the stratospheric ozone budget. The results are compared with recent models of stratospheric photochemistry which have been used as a basis for predicting ozone depletion resulting from fluorocarbon release.
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