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Aptekmann AA, Buongiorno J, Giovannelli D, Glamoclija M, Ferreiro DU, Bromberg Y. mebipred: identifying metal binding potential in protein sequence. Bioinformatics 2022; 38:3532-3540. [PMID: 35639953 PMCID: PMC9272798 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btac358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Motivation metal-binding proteins have a central role in maintaining life processes. Nearly one-third of known protein structures contain metal ions that are used for a variety of needs, such as catalysis, DNA/RNA binding, protein structure stability, etc. Identifying metal-binding proteins is thus crucial for understanding the mechanisms of cellular activity. However, experimental annotation of protein metal-binding potential is severely lacking, while computational techniques are often imprecise and of limited applicability. Results we developed a novel machine learning-based method, mebipred, for identifying metal-binding proteins from sequence-derived features. This method is over 80% accurate in recognizing proteins that bind metal ion-containing ligands; the specific identity of 11 ubiquitously present metal ions can also be annotated. mebipred is reference-free, i.e. no sequence alignments are involved, and is thus faster than alignment-based methods; it is also more accurate than other sequence-based prediction methods. Additionally, mebipred can identify protein metal-binding capabilities from short sequence stretches, e.g. translated sequencing reads, and, thus, may be useful for the annotation of metal requirements of metagenomic samples. We performed an analysis of available microbiome data and found that ocean, hot spring sediments and soil microbiomes use a more diverse set of metals than human host-related ones. For human microbiomes, physiological conditions explain the observed metal preferences. Similarly, subtle changes in ocean sample ion concentration affect the abundance of relevant metal-binding proteins. These results highlight mebipred’s utility in analyzing microbiome metal requirements. Availability and implementation mebipred is available as a web server at services.bromberglab.org/mebipred and as a standalone package at https://pypi.org/project/mymetal/. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Aptekmann
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rutgers University, 76 Lipman Dr, New Brunswick, NJ, 08873, USA.,Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | | | - D Giovannelli
- Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA.,Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,Institute for Marine Biological Resources and Biotechnology-IRBIM, National Research Council of Italy, CNR, Ancona, Italy
| | - M Glamoclija
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 07102, USA
| | - D U Ferreiro
- Protein Physiology Lab, Departamento de Quimica Biologica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires-CONICET-IQUIBICEN, Buenos Aires, 1428, Argentina
| | - Y Bromberg
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rutgers University, 76 Lipman Dr, New Brunswick, NJ, 08873, USA
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Faucher S, Lundberg DJ, Liang XA, Jin X, Phillips R, Parviz D, Buongiorno J, Strano MS. A virucidal face mask based on the reverse-flow reactor concept for thermal inactivation of SARS-CoV-2. AIChE J 2021; 67:e17250. [PMID: 33785962 PMCID: PMC7995042 DOI: 10.1002/aic.17250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
While facial coverings reduce the spread of SARS-CoV-2 by viral filtration, masks capable of viral inactivation by heating can provide a complementary method to limit transmission. Inspired by reverse-flow chemical reactors, we introduce a new virucidal face mask concept driven by the oscillatory flow of human breath. The governing heat and mass transport equations are solved to evaluate virus and CO2 transport. Given limits imposed by the kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 thermal inactivation, human breath, safety, and comfort, heated masks may inactivate SARS-CoV-2 to medical-grade sterility. We detail one design, with a volume of 300 ml at 90°C that achieves a 3-log reduction in viral load with minimal impedance within the mask mesh, with partition coefficient around 2. This is the first quantitative analysis of virucidal thermal inactivation within a protective face mask, and addresses a pressing need for new approaches for personal protective equipment during a global pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Faucher
- Department of Chemical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - Daniel James Lundberg
- Department of Chemical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - Xinyao Anna Liang
- Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - Xiaojia Jin
- Department of Chemical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - Rosalie Phillips
- Department of Chemical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - Dorsa Parviz
- Department of Chemical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - Jacopo Buongiorno
- Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - Michael S. Strano
- Department of Chemical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts USA
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Conway J, Todreas N, Halsema J, Guryan C, Birch A, Isdanavich T, Florek J, Buongiorno J, Golay M. Physical security analysis and simulation of the multi-layer security system for the Offshore Nuclear Plant (ONP). Nuclear Engineering and Design 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nucengdes.2019.110160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- John Parsons
- John Parsons is a senior lecturer at the Sloan School of Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jacopo Buongiorno
- Jacopo Buongiorno is the TEPCO Professor and associate department head of Nuclear Science and Engineering at MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Michael Corradini
- Michael Corradini is a professor emeritus in Nuclear Engineering and Engineering Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - David Petti
- David Petti is the director of the Nuclear Fuels and Materials Division at the Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, ID. USA
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoli Zhang
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Nuclear Science and Engineering Department, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
- Xiamen University, College of Energy, 422 Siming South Road, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
| | - Jacopo Buongiorno
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Nuclear Science and Engineering Department, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Michael Golay
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Nuclear Science and Engineering Department, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Neil Todreas
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Nuclear Science and Engineering Department, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
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Moran J, Cottrill AL, Benck JD, Liu P, Yuan Z, Strano MS, Buongiorno J. Noble-gas-infused neoprene closed-cell foams achieving ultra-low thermal conductivity fabrics. RSC Adv 2018; 8:21389-21398. [PMID: 35539944 PMCID: PMC9080917 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra04037k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, we develop, demonstrate, and model a repeatable process for synthesizing ultra-low-thermal-conductivity closed-cell neoprene garments by infusing high-molecular-weight noble gases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey L. Moran
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- George Mason University
- USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- MIT
| | | | | | | | - Zhe Yuan
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- MIT
- USA
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Buongiorno J, Todreas NE, Kazimi MS. Heavy-Metal Aerosol Transport in a Lead-Bismuth-Cooled Fast Reactor with In-Vessel Direct-Contact Steam Generation. NUCL TECHNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/nt02-a3275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Buongiorno
- Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory Nuclear Engineering Department, P.O. Box 1625, Idaho Falls, Idaho 83415-3860
| | - N. E. Todreas
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology Nuclear Engineering Department, 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307
| | - M. S. Kazimi
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology Nuclear Engineering Department, 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307
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Fischer B, Smolinski M, Buongiorno J. Nitrogen-16 Generation and Transport and Associated Shielding Requirements in a Supercritical-Water–Cooled Reactor. NUCL TECHNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/nt04-a3531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Fischer
- University of Wisconsin at Madison Engineering Physics Department, 1500 Engineering Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
| | - Marci Smolinski
- University of Wisconsin at Madison Engineering Physics Department, 1500 Engineering Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
| | - Jacopo Buongiorno
- Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory Nuclear Engineering Department, P.O. Box 1625, Idaho Falls, Idaho 83415-3860
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Hejzlar
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Room 24-215 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Jacopo Buongiorno
- Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory P.O. Box 1625, Idaho Falls, Idaho 83415-3860
| | - Philip E. MacDonald
- Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory P.O. Box 1625, Idaho Falls, Idaho 83415-3860
| | - Neil E. Todreas
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Room 24-205 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaclav Dostal
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave. Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Pavel Hejzlar
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave. Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Neil E. Todreas
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave. Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Jacopo Buongiorno
- Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory P.O. Box 1625, Idaho Falls, Idaho 83415-3860
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Buongiorno J, Hu LW, Kim SJ, Hannink R, Truong B, Forrest E. Nanofluids for Enhanced Economics and Safety of Nuclear Reactors: An Evaluation of the Potential Features, Issues, and Research Gaps. NUCL TECHNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/nt08-a3934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jacopo Buongiorno
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Lin-Wen Hu
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Sung Joong Kim
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Ryan Hannink
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Bao Truong
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Eric Forrest
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
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Affiliation(s)
- Aydin Karahan
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Center of Advanced Nuclear Energy Studies Nuclear Science and Engineering Department, 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Jacopo Buongiorno
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Center of Advanced Nuclear Energy Studies Nuclear Science and Engineering Department, 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Mujid S. Kazimi
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Center of Advanced Nuclear Energy Studies Nuclear Science and Engineering Department, 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacopo Buongiorno
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil E. Todreas
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Room 24-205 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Philip E. MacDonald
- INEEL/Bechtel BWXT Idaho, P.O. Box 1625 MS 3870, Idaho Falls, Idaho 83415-3870
| | - Pavel Hejzlar
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Room 24-304 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Jacopo Buongiorno
- Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory P.O. Box 1625, Idaho Falls, Idaho 83415-3860
| | - Eric P. Loewen
- Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory P.O. Box 1625, Idaho Falls, Idaho 83415-3860
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Buongiorno J, Loewen EP, Czerwinski K, Larson C. Studies of Polonium Removal from Molten Lead-Bismuth for Lead-Alloy-Cooled Reactor Applications. NUCL TECHNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/nt04-a3539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jacopo Buongiorno
- Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, P.O. Box 1625 Idaho Falls, Idaho 83415-3860
| | - Eric P. Loewen
- Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, P.O. Box 1625 Idaho Falls, Idaho 83415-3860
| | - Kenneth Czerwinski
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave, NW 13-219 Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Christopher Larson
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave, NW 13-219 Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Buongiorno
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Nuclear Science and Engineering Department, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - J. Jurewicz
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Nuclear Science and Engineering Department, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - M. Golay
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Nuclear Science and Engineering Department, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - N. Todreas
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Nuclear Science and Engineering Department, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
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Affiliation(s)
- E. A. Bates
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - A. Salazar
- University of California, Berkeley, Department of Nuclear Engineering, 4155 Etcheverry Hall MC 1730, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - M. J. Driscoll
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - E. Baglietto
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - J. Buongiorno
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
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Fricano JW, Buongiorno J. Development and Application of an Integrated Fuel Performance and Subchannel Model for Analysis of Sodium Fast Reactors. NUCL TECHNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/nt13-a19869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. W. Fricano
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, Massachusetts 02141
| | - J. Buongiorno
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, Massachusetts 02141
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Shirvan K, Ballinger R, Buongiorno J, Forsberg C, Kazimi M, Todreas N. Technology Selection for Offshore Underwater Small Modular Reactors. Nuclear Engineering and Technology 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.net.2016.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Sugrue R, Buongiorno J. A modified force-balance model for prediction of bubble departure diameter in subcooled flow boiling. Nuclear Engineering and Design 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nucengdes.2016.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Forrest EC, Don SM, Hu LW, Buongiorno J, McKrell TJ. Effect of Surface Oxidation on the Onset of Nucleate Boiling in a Materials Test Reactor Coolant Channel. Journal of Nuclear Engineering and Radiation Science 2016. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4031503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The onset of nucleate boiling (ONB) serves as the thermal-hydraulic operating limit for many research and test reactors. However, boiling incipience under forced convection has not been well-characterized in narrow channel geometries or for oxidized surface conditions. This study presents experimental data for the ONB in vertical upflow of deionized (DI) water in a simulated materials test reactor (MTR) coolant channel. The channel gap thickness and aspect ratio were 1.96 mm and 29∶1, respectively. Boiling surface conditions were carefully controlled and characterized, with both heavily oxidized and native oxide surfaces tested. Measurements were performed for mass fluxes ranging from 750 to 3000 kg/m2 s and for subcoolings ranging from 10 to 45°C. ONB was identified using a combination of high-speed visual observation, surface temperature measurements, and channel pressure drop measurements. Surface temperature measurements were found to be most reliable in identifying the ONB. For the nominal (native oxide) surface, results indicate that the correlation of Bergles and Rohsenow, when paired with the appropriate single-phase heat transfer correlation, adequately predicts the ONB heat flux. Incipience on the oxidized surface occurred at a higher heat flux and superheat than on the plain surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric C. Forrest
- Primary Standards Laboratory, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185 e-mail:
| | - Sarah M. Don
- Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 e-mail:
| | - Lin-Wen Hu
- Mem. ASME Nuclear Reactor Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 e-mail:
| | - Jacopo Buongiorno
- Mem. ASME Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 e-mail:
| | - Thomas J. McKrell
- Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 e-mail:
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Prabhat N, Buongiorno J, Hu LW. Convective Heat Transfer Enhancement in Nanofluids: Real Anomaly or Analysis Artifact? J Nanofluids 2012. [DOI: 10.1166/jon.2012.1003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Gerardi C, Buongiorno J, Hu LW, McKrell T. Infrared thermometry study of nanofluid pool boiling phenomena. Nanoscale Res Lett 2011; 6:232. [PMID: 21711754 PMCID: PMC3211291 DOI: 10.1186/1556-276x-6-232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2010] [Accepted: 03/16/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Infrared thermometry was used to obtain first-of-a-kind, time- and space-resolved data for pool boiling phenomena in water-based nanofluids with diamond and silica nanoparticles at low concentration (<0.1 vol.%). In addition to macroscopic parameters like the average heat transfer coefficient and critical heat flux [CHF] value, more fundamental parameters such as the bubble departure diameter and frequency, growth and wait times, and nucleation site density [NSD] were directly measured for a thin, resistively heated, indium-tin-oxide surface deposited onto a sapphire substrate. Consistent with other nanofluid studies, the nanoparticles caused deterioration in the nucleate boiling heat transfer (by as much as 50%) and an increase in the CHF (by as much as 100%). The bubble departure frequency and NSD were found to be lower in nanofluids compared with water for the same wall superheat. Furthermore, it was found that a porous layer of nanoparticles built up on the heater surface during nucleate boiling, which improved surface wettability compared with the water-boiled surfaces. Using the prevalent nucleate boiling models, it was possible to correlate this improved surface wettability to the experimentally observed reductions in the bubble departure frequency, NSD, and ultimately to the deterioration in the nucleate boiling heat transfer and the CHF enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig Gerardi
- Argonne National Laboratory, Nuclear Engineering Division, 9700 S. Cass Ave., Argonne, IL 60439 USA
| | - Jacopo Buongiorno
- Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
| | - Lin-wen Hu
- Nuclear Reactor Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
| | - Thomas McKrell
- Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Memmott
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Nuclear Science and Engineering Department 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Jacopo Buongiorno
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Nuclear Science and Engineering Department 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Pavel Hejzlar
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Nuclear Science and Engineering Department 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
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Kim SJ, McKrell T, Buongiorno J, Hu LW. Subcooled flow boiling heat transfer of dilute alumina, zinc oxide, and diamond nanofluids at atmospheric pressure. Nuclear Engineering and Design 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nucengdes.2010.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Abstract
Abstract
The alpha-emitter 210Po is an activation product of liquid lead-bismuth, a low melting eutectic under investigation as a coolant of the next generation fast nuclear reactors. Experiments were performed to measure the gaseous polonium chemical species for assessing the radioactivity release from a Pb-Bi bath upon contact with a gas stream. The vapor pressure of lead polonide was measured over the 400-550°C temperature range and found to be in agreement with an existing correlation derived from data at higher temperatures. Also, it was experimentally confirmed that the presence of steam in the gas stream above the Pb-Bi melt substantially increases the amount of polonium released due to the formation of the volatile compound H2Po. The free-energy variation of the H2Po formation reaction was determined, permitting the calculation of the Po gas phase speciation under the experimental conditions.
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Buongiorno J, Hu L, Apostolakis G, Hannink R, Lucas T, Chupin A. A feasibility assessment of the use of nanofluids to enhance the in-vessel retention capability in light-water reactors. Nuclear Engineering and Design 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nucengdes.2008.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Eapen J, Williams WC, Buongiorno J, Hu LW, Yip S, Rusconi R, Piazza R. Mean-field versus microconvection effects in nanofluid thermal conduction. Phys Rev Lett 2007; 99:095901. [PMID: 17931019 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.99.095901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Transient hot-wire data on thermal conductivity of suspensions of silica and perfluorinated particles show agreement with the mean-field theory of Maxwell but not with the recently postulated microconvection mechanism. The influence of interfacial thermal resistance, convective effects at microscales, and the possibility of thermal conductivity enhancements beyond the Maxwell limit are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Eapen
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
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Petti D, Buongiorno J, Maki J, Hobbins R, Miller G. Key differences in the fabrication, irradiation and high temperature accident testing of US and German TRISO-coated particle fuel, and their implications on fuel performance. Nuclear Engineering and Design 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0029-5493(03)00033-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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