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Gonzales Carazas MM, Gavidia CM, Davila Fernandez R, Vargas Zuñiga JA, Crespo Paiva A, Bocanegra W, Calderon J, Sanchez E, Perales R, Zeña B, Calcina Isique JF, Reategui J, Castañeda B, Casado FL. Biological evaluation of a mechanical ventilator that operates by controlling an automated manual resuscitator. A descriptive study in swine. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0264774. [PMID: 35239740 PMCID: PMC8893637 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0264774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The Covid-19 outbreak challenged health systems around the world to design and implement cost-effective devices produced locally to meet the increased demand of mechanical ventilators worldwide. This study evaluates the physiological responses of healthy swine maintained under volume- or pressure-controlled mechanical ventilation by a mechanical ventilator implemented to bring life-support by automating a resuscitation bag and closely controlling ventilatory parameters. Physiological parameters were monitored in eight sedated animals (t0) prior to inducing deep anaesthesia, and during the next six hours of mechanical ventilation (t1-7). Hemodynamic conditions were monitored periodically using a portable gas analyser machine (i.e. BEecf, carbonate, SaO2, lactate, pH, PaO2, PaCO2) and a capnometer (i.e. ETCO2). Electrocardiogram, echocardiography and lung ultrasonography were performed to detect in vivo alterations in these vital organs and pathological findings from necropsy were reported. The mechanical ventilator properly controlled physiological levels of blood biochemistry such as oxygenation parameters (PaO2, PaCO2, SaO2, ETCO2), acid-base equilibrium (pH, carbonate, BEecf), and perfusion of tissues (lactate levels). In addition, histopathological analysis showed no evidence of acute tissue damage in lung, heart, liver, kidney, or brain. All animals were able to breathe spontaneously after undergoing mechanical ventilation. These preclinical data, supports the biological safety of the medical device to move forward to further evaluation in clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cesar Miguel Gavidia
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
| | | | | | | | - William Bocanegra
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
| | - Joan Calderon
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
| | - Evelyn Sanchez
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
| | - Rosa Perales
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
| | - Brandon Zeña
- Instituto Veterinario de Oftalmologia (IVO), Lima, Peru
| | | | | | - Benjamin Castañeda
- Institute of Omics and Applied Biotechnology, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Peru, Lima, Peru
- Department of Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Peru, Lima, Peru
| | - Fanny L. Casado
- Institute of Omics and Applied Biotechnology, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Peru, Lima, Peru
- Department of Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Peru, Lima, Peru
- * E-mail:
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Chang J, Acosta A, Benavides-Aspiazu J, Reategui J, Rojas C, Cook J, Nole R, Giampietri L, Pérez-Buitrago S, Casado FL, Castaneda B. Masi: A mechanical ventilator based on a manual resuscitator with telemedicine capabilities for patients with ARDS during the COVID-19 crisis. HardwareX 2021; 9:e00187. [PMID: 33681539 PMCID: PMC7925236 DOI: 10.1016/j.ohx.2021.e00187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this article, we introduce a portable and low-cost ventilator that could be rapidly manufactured, to meet the increasing demand of ventilators worldwide produced by COVID-19 pandemic. These ventilators should be rapidly deployable and with functional capabilities to manage COVID-19 patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Our implementation offers robustness, safety and functionality absent in existing solutions to the ventilator shortage (i.e., telemonitoring, easy-to-disinfect, modularity) by maintaining simplicity. The design makes use of a manual resuscitator as the core respiration component activated by a compression mechanism which consist of two electronically controlled paddles. The quality measurements obtained after testing on a calibrated artificial lung demonstrate repeatability and accuracy exceeding human capabilities of manual ventilation. The complete design files are provided in the supplementary materials to facilitate ventilator production even in resource-limited settings. The implementation of this mechanical ventilator could eliminate device rationing or splitting to serve multiple patients on ICUs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Chang
- DIACSA, Peru
- Departamento de Ingenieria, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Peru, Peru
| | | | - Jorge Benavides-Aspiazu
- Energy Automation Technologies, Peru
- Departamento de Ingenieria, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Peru, Peru
| | | | - Christiam Rojas
- DIACSA, Peru
- Departamento de Ingenieria, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Peru, Peru
| | - Jordi Cook
- Energy Automation Technologies, Peru
- Departamento de Ingenieria, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Peru, Peru
| | - Richard Nole
- Energy Automation Technologies, Peru
- Departamento de Ingenieria, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Peru, Peru
| | | | | | - Fanny L. Casado
- Departamento de Ingenieria, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Peru, Peru
- Instituto de Ciencias Omicas y Biotecnologia Aplicada, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Peru, Peru
| | - Benjamin Castaneda
- Departamento de Ingenieria, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Peru, Peru
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Reategui J, Aquise G, Fernández F, Cuadros S, Cáceres A, Bernardi S, MA P. Citologia endometrial como indicador de endometritis subclinica en vacas lecheras holstein friesian versus jersey. SPERMOVA 2016. [DOI: 10.18548/aspe/0004.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Savia C, Reategui J, Marini P, Bernardi S. Relación entre características físicas y contenido iónico del moco cervical con el estado de preñez al inseminar vaquillonas a celo detectado s. SPERMOVA 2016. [DOI: 10.18548/aspe/0004.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Medeot S, Nates S, Recalde A, Gallego S, Maturano E, Giordano M, Serra H, Reategui J, Cabezas C. Prevalence of antibody to human T cell lymphotropic virus types 1/2 among aboriginal groups inhabiting northern Argentina and the Amazon region of Peru. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1999; 60:623-9. [PMID: 10348238 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.1999.60.623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
We carried out a seroepidemiologic survey to define the prevalence of human T cell lymphotropic virus types 1/2 (HTLV-1/2) infections among aboriginal populations from isolated regions of northern Argentina and the Amazon region of Peru. Antibodies against HTLV were measured with agglutination tests and confirmed with by an immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and Western blotting. Five (6.94%) of 72 samples from the Tobas Indians in Argentina were positive by the IFA; two samples were typed as HTLV-1 (2.78%), two as HTLV-2 (2.78%), and one (1.39%) could not be typed because it had similar antibody titers against both viruses. No positive samples were found among 84 Andinos Puneños and 47 Matacos Wichis Indians. Seroprevalences of 2.50% (1 of 40) and 1.43% (1 of 70) for HTLV-1 were observed among Wayku and San Francisco communities in the Amazon region of Peru, and seroprevalences of 4.54% (1 of 22) and 2.38% (1 of 42) for HTLV-2 were observed among Boca Colorada and Galilea communities. No serologic evidence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection was found among the Indians tested. These results indicated the presence of HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 in the indigenous populations of Argentina and Peru. Moreover, the lack of HIV infection indicates that the virus has probably not yet been introduced into these populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Medeot
- Institute of Virology J.M. Vanella, School of Medicine, National University of Cardoba, Argentina
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