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Guertin J, Kaiser Y, Manikpurage H, Perrot N, Bourgeois R, Couture C, Wareham NJ, Bossé Y, Pibarot P, Stroes ESG, Mathieu P, Clavel MA, Thériault S, Boekholdt SM, Arsenault BJ. Sex-Specific Associations of Genetically Predicted Circulating Lp(a) (Lipoprotein(a)) and Hepatic LPA Gene Expression Levels With Cardiovascular Outcomes: Mendelian Randomization and Observational Analyses. Circ Genom Precis Med 2021; 14:e003271. [PMID: 34279996 DOI: 10.1161/circgen.120.003271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elevated Lp(a) (Lipoprotein(a)) levels are associated with coronary artery disease (CAD), ischemic stroke (IS), and calcific aortic valve stenosis (CAVS). Studies investigating the association between Lp(a) levels and these diseases in women have yielded inconsistent results. METHODS To investigate the association of Lp(a) with sex-specific cardiovascular outcomes, we determined the association between genetically predicted Lp(a) levels (using 27 single nucleotide polymorphisms at the LPA locus) and hepatic LPA expression (using 80 single nucleotide polymorphisms at the LPA locus associated with LPA mRNA expression in liver samples from the Genotype-Tissue Expression dataset) on CAD, IS, and CAVS using individual participant data from the UK Biobank: 408 403 participants of European ancestry (37 102, 4283, and 2574 with prevalent CAD, IS, and CAVS, respectively). The long-term association between Lp(a) levels and incident CAD, IS, and CAVS was also investigated in European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-Norfolk: 18 721 participants (3964, 846, and 424 with incident CAD, IS, and CAVS, respectively). RESULTS Genetically predicted plasma Lp(a) levels were positively and similarly associated with prevalent and incident CAD and CAVS in men and women. Genetically predicted plasma Lp(a) levels were associated with prevalent and incident IS when we studied men and women pooled together, and in men only. Genetically predicted LPA expression levels were associated with prevalent CAD and CAVS in men and women but not with IS. CONCLUSIONS Genetically predicted blood Lp(a) and hepatic LPA gene expression as well as serum Lp(a) levels predict the risk of CAD and CAVS in men and in women. Whether RNA interference therapies aiming at lowering Lp(a) levels could be useful in reducing cardiovascular disease risk in both men and women with high Lp(a) levels needs to be determined in large-scale cardiovascular outcomes trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakie Guertin
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec (J.G., H.M., N.P., R.B., C.C., Y.B., P.P., P.M., M.-A.C., S.T., B.J.A.).,Department of Medicine (J.G., R.B., P.P., M.-A.C., B.J.A.), Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Yannick Kaiser
- Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands (Y.K., E.S.G.S., S.M.B.)
| | - Hasanga Manikpurage
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec (J.G., H.M., N.P., R.B., C.C., Y.B., P.P., P.M., M.-A.C., S.T., B.J.A.)
| | - Nicolas Perrot
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec (J.G., H.M., N.P., R.B., C.C., Y.B., P.P., P.M., M.-A.C., S.T., B.J.A.)
| | - Raphaëlle Bourgeois
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec (J.G., H.M., N.P., R.B., C.C., Y.B., P.P., P.M., M.-A.C., S.T., B.J.A.).,Department of Medicine (J.G., R.B., P.P., M.-A.C., B.J.A.), Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Christian Couture
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec (J.G., H.M., N.P., R.B., C.C., Y.B., P.P., P.M., M.-A.C., S.T., B.J.A.)
| | - Nicholas J Wareham
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (N.J.W.)
| | - Yohan Bossé
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec (J.G., H.M., N.P., R.B., C.C., Y.B., P.P., P.M., M.-A.C., S.T., B.J.A.).,Department of Molecular Medicine (Y.B.), Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Philippe Pibarot
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec (J.G., H.M., N.P., R.B., C.C., Y.B., P.P., P.M., M.-A.C., S.T., B.J.A.).,Department of Medicine (J.G., R.B., P.P., M.-A.C., B.J.A.), Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Erik S G Stroes
- Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands (Y.K., E.S.G.S., S.M.B.)
| | - Patrick Mathieu
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec (J.G., H.M., N.P., R.B., C.C., Y.B., P.P., P.M., M.-A.C., S.T., B.J.A.).,Department of Surgery (P.M.), Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Marie-Annick Clavel
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec (J.G., H.M., N.P., R.B., C.C., Y.B., P.P., P.M., M.-A.C., S.T., B.J.A.).,Department of Medicine (J.G., R.B., P.P., M.-A.C., B.J.A.), Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Sébastien Thériault
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec (J.G., H.M., N.P., R.B., C.C., Y.B., P.P., P.M., M.-A.C., S.T., B.J.A.).,Department of Molecular Biology, Medical Biochemistry and Pathology (S.T.), Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - S Matthijs Boekholdt
- Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands (Y.K., E.S.G.S., S.M.B.)
| | - Benoit J Arsenault
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec (J.G., H.M., N.P., R.B., C.C., Y.B., P.P., P.M., M.-A.C., S.T., B.J.A.).,Department of Medicine (J.G., R.B., P.P., M.-A.C., B.J.A.), Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
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Bourgeois R, Bourgault J, Despres AA, Perrot N, Guertin J, Girard A, Mitchell PL, Gotti C, Bourassa S, Scipione CA, Gaudreault N, Boffa MB, Koschinsky ML, Pibarot P, Droit A, Thériault S, Mathieu P, Bossé Y, Arsenault BJ. Lipoprotein Proteomics and Aortic Valve Transcriptomics Identify Biological Pathways Linking Lipoprotein(a) Levels to Aortic Stenosis. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11070459. [PMID: 34357353 PMCID: PMC8307014 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11070459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) is one of the most important risk factors for the development of calcific aortic valve stenosis (CAVS). However, the mechanisms through which Lp(a) causes CAVS are currently unknown. Our objectives were to characterize the Lp(a) proteome and to identify proteins that may be differentially associated with Lp(a) in patients with versus without CAVS. Our second objective was to identify genes that may be differentially regulated by exposure to high versus low Lp(a) levels in explanted aortic valves from patients with CAVS. We isolated Lp(a) from the blood of 21 patients with CAVS and 22 volunteers and performed untargeted label-free analysis of the Lp(a) proteome. We also investigated the transcriptomic signature of calcified aortic valves from patients who underwent aortic valve replacement with high versus low Lp(a) levels (n = 118). Proteins involved in the protein activation cascade, platelet degranulation, leukocyte migration, and response to wounding may be associated with Lp(a) depending on CAVS status. The transcriptomic analysis identified genes involved in cardiac aging, chondrocyte development, and inflammation as potentially influenced by Lp(a). Our multi-omic analyses identified biological pathways through which Lp(a) may cause CAVS, as well as key molecular events that could be triggered by Lp(a) in CAVS development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphaëlle Bourgeois
- Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec, QC G1V 4G5, Canada; (R.B.); (J.B.); (A.-A.D.); (N.P.); (J.G.); (A.G.); (P.L.M.); (N.G.); (P.P.); (S.T.); (P.M.); (Y.B.)
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Jérôme Bourgault
- Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec, QC G1V 4G5, Canada; (R.B.); (J.B.); (A.-A.D.); (N.P.); (J.G.); (A.G.); (P.L.M.); (N.G.); (P.P.); (S.T.); (P.M.); (Y.B.)
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Audrey-Anne Despres
- Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec, QC G1V 4G5, Canada; (R.B.); (J.B.); (A.-A.D.); (N.P.); (J.G.); (A.G.); (P.L.M.); (N.G.); (P.P.); (S.T.); (P.M.); (Y.B.)
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Nicolas Perrot
- Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec, QC G1V 4G5, Canada; (R.B.); (J.B.); (A.-A.D.); (N.P.); (J.G.); (A.G.); (P.L.M.); (N.G.); (P.P.); (S.T.); (P.M.); (Y.B.)
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Jakie Guertin
- Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec, QC G1V 4G5, Canada; (R.B.); (J.B.); (A.-A.D.); (N.P.); (J.G.); (A.G.); (P.L.M.); (N.G.); (P.P.); (S.T.); (P.M.); (Y.B.)
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Arnaud Girard
- Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec, QC G1V 4G5, Canada; (R.B.); (J.B.); (A.-A.D.); (N.P.); (J.G.); (A.G.); (P.L.M.); (N.G.); (P.P.); (S.T.); (P.M.); (Y.B.)
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Patricia L. Mitchell
- Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec, QC G1V 4G5, Canada; (R.B.); (J.B.); (A.-A.D.); (N.P.); (J.G.); (A.G.); (P.L.M.); (N.G.); (P.P.); (S.T.); (P.M.); (Y.B.)
| | - Clarisse Gotti
- Proteomics Platform of the CHU de Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada; (C.G.); (S.B.); (A.D.)
| | - Sylvie Bourassa
- Proteomics Platform of the CHU de Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada; (C.G.); (S.B.); (A.D.)
| | - Corey A. Scipione
- Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada;
| | - Nathalie Gaudreault
- Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec, QC G1V 4G5, Canada; (R.B.); (J.B.); (A.-A.D.); (N.P.); (J.G.); (A.G.); (P.L.M.); (N.G.); (P.P.); (S.T.); (P.M.); (Y.B.)
| | - Michael B. Boffa
- Robarts Research Institute, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada; (M.B.B.); (M.L.K.)
| | | | - Philippe Pibarot
- Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec, QC G1V 4G5, Canada; (R.B.); (J.B.); (A.-A.D.); (N.P.); (J.G.); (A.G.); (P.L.M.); (N.G.); (P.P.); (S.T.); (P.M.); (Y.B.)
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Arnaud Droit
- Proteomics Platform of the CHU de Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada; (C.G.); (S.B.); (A.D.)
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Sébastien Thériault
- Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec, QC G1V 4G5, Canada; (R.B.); (J.B.); (A.-A.D.); (N.P.); (J.G.); (A.G.); (P.L.M.); (N.G.); (P.P.); (S.T.); (P.M.); (Y.B.)
- Department of Molecular Biology, Medical Biochemistry and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Patrick Mathieu
- Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec, QC G1V 4G5, Canada; (R.B.); (J.B.); (A.-A.D.); (N.P.); (J.G.); (A.G.); (P.L.M.); (N.G.); (P.P.); (S.T.); (P.M.); (Y.B.)
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Yohan Bossé
- Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec, QC G1V 4G5, Canada; (R.B.); (J.B.); (A.-A.D.); (N.P.); (J.G.); (A.G.); (P.L.M.); (N.G.); (P.P.); (S.T.); (P.M.); (Y.B.)
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Benoit J. Arsenault
- Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec, QC G1V 4G5, Canada; (R.B.); (J.B.); (A.-A.D.); (N.P.); (J.G.); (A.G.); (P.L.M.); (N.G.); (P.P.); (S.T.); (P.M.); (Y.B.)
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-418-656-8711 (ext. 3498)
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3
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Bourgeois R, Girard A, Perrot N, Guertin J, Mitchell PL, Couture C, Gotti C, Bourassa S, Poggio P, Mass E, Capoulade R, Scipione CA, Després AA, Couture P, Droit A, Pibarot P, Boffa MB, Thériault S, Koschinsky ML, Mathieu P, Arsenault BJ. A Comparative Analysis of the Lipoprotein(a) and Low-Density Lipoprotein Proteomic Profiles Combining Mass Spectrometry and Mendelian Randomization. CJC Open 2020; 3:450-459. [PMID: 34027348 PMCID: PMC8129481 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjco.2020.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lipoprotein(a) (Lp[a]), which consists of a low-density lipoprotein (LDL) bound to apolipoprotein(a), is one of the strongest genetic risk factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. Few studies have performed hypothesis-free direct comparisons of the Lp(a) and the LDL proteomes. Our objectives were to compare the Lp(a) and the LDL proteomic profiles and to evaluate the effect of lifelong exposure to elevated Lp(a) or LDL cholesterol levels on the plasma proteomic profile. Methods We performed a label-free analysis of the Lp(a) and LDL proteomic profiles of healthy volunteers in a discovery (n = 6) and a replication (n = 9) phase. We performed inverse variance weighted Mendelian randomization to document the effect of lifelong exposure to elevated Lp(a) or LDL cholesterol levels on the plasma proteomic profile of participants of the INTERVAL study. Results We identified 15 proteins that were more abundant on Lp(a) compared with LDL (serping1, pi16, itih1, itih2, itih3, pon1, podxl, cd44, cp, ptprg, vtn, pcsk9, igfals, vcam1, and ttr). We found no proteins that were more abundant on LDL compared with Lp(a). After correction for multiple testing, lifelong exposure to elevated LDL cholesterol levels was associated with the variation of 18 plasma proteins whereas Lp(a) did not appear to influence the plasma proteome. Conclusions Results of this study highlight marked differences in the proteome of Lp(a) and LDL as well as in the effect of lifelong exposure to elevated LDL cholesterol or Lp(a) on the plasma proteomic profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphaëlle Bourgeois
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Arnaud Girard
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nicolas Perrot
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jakie Guertin
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Patricia L Mitchell
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Christian Couture
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Clarisse Gotti
- Proteomics platform of the CHU de Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | | | | | - Elvira Mass
- University of Bonn, Developmental Biology of the Immune System, Life and Medical Sciences Institute (LIMES), Bonn, Germany
| | - Romain Capoulade
- Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, l'institut du thorax, Nantes, France
| | - Corey A Scipione
- Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Audrey-Anne Després
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Patrick Couture
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada.,Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Arnaud Droit
- Proteomics platform of the CHU de Québec, Quebec, Canada.,Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Philippe Pibarot
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Michael B Boffa
- Department of Biochemistry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sébastien Thériault
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Molecular Biology, Medical Biochemistry and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marlys L Koschinsky
- Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Patrick Mathieu
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Benoit J Arsenault
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
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Bourgeois R, Devillers R, Perrot N, Després AA, Boulanger MC, Mitchell PL, Guertin J, Couture P, Boffa MB, Scipione CA, Pibarot P, Koschinsky ML, Mathieu P, Arsenault BJ. Interaction of Autotaxin With Lipoprotein(a) in Patients With Calcific Aortic Valve Stenosis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 5:888-897. [PMID: 33015412 PMCID: PMC7524777 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2020.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Our objectives were to determine whether autotaxin (ATX) is transported by lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] in human plasma and if could be used as a biomarker of calcific aortic valve stenosis (CAVS). We first found that ATX activity was higher in Lp(a) compared to low-density lipoprotein fractions in isolated fractions of 10 healthy participants. We developed a specific assay to measure ATX-Lp(a) in 88 patients with CAVS and 144 controls without CAVS. In a multivariable model corrected for CAVS risk factors, ATX-Lp(a) was associated with CAVS (p = 0.003). We concluded that ATX is preferentially transported by Lp(a) and might represent a novel biomarker for CAVS.
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Key Words
- ALR, adiponectin-to-leptin ratio
- ATX, autotaxin
- ATX-apo(a), ATX carried by Lp(a)
- ATX-apoB, ATX carried by apoB-containing lipoproteins
- BMI, body mass index
- CAD, coronary artery disease
- CAVS, calcific aortic valve stenosis
- HDL, high-density lipoprotein
- LDL, low-density lipoprotein
- Lp(a), lipoprotein(a)
- LysoPA, lysophosphatidic acid
- LysoPC, lysophosphatidylcholine
- OxPLs, oxidized phospholipids
- apo(a), apolipoprotein(a)
- apoB, apolipoprotein B
- autotaxin
- calcific aortic valve stenosis
- lipoprotein(a)
- low-density lipoproteins
- obesity
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphaëlle Bourgeois
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Romain Devillers
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Nicolas Perrot
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Audrey-Anne Després
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Marie-Chloé Boulanger
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Patricia L Mitchell
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jakie Guertin
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Patrick Couture
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Quebec, Canada.,Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Michael B Boffa
- Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Corey A Scipione
- Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Philippe Pibarot
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Marlys L Koschinsky
- Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Patrick Mathieu
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Benoit J Arsenault
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
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Palumbo R, Diver R, Larson C, Coker E, Miller J, Guertin J, Schoer J, Meyer M, Siegel N. Solar thermal decoupled water electrolysis process I: Proof of concept. Chem Eng Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2012.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Poulin F, Khairy P, Roy D, Levesque S, Talajic M, Guertin J, LeLorier J. 170 Atrial fibrillation and congestive heart failure: A cost analysis of rate versus rhythm control strategies. Can J Cardiol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2011.07.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Hennessey JV, Chromiak JA, Della Ventura S, Guertin J, MacLean DB. Increase in percutaneous muscle biopsy yield with a suction-enhancement technique. J Appl Physiol (1985) 1997; 82:1739-42. [PMID: 9173935 DOI: 10.1152/jappl.1997.82.6.1739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The percutaneous muscle biopsy technique is used in clinical practice and biomedical research. We developed a new enhanced-suction technique [suction-enhancing nipples (SEN)] and compared it with techniques currently in practice by assessing biopsy yields on anesthetized pigs. We applied the enhanced-suction technique to human subjects participating in a clinical trial. In the pig, there was a mean 91% (1.9-fold) increase in the size of the samples obtained with the 4-mm needle when SEN was used and a mean 507% (fivefold) increase in sample size when the SEN was applied to the 6-mm needles. Nine passes of the 6-mm needle with SEN obtained from five consecutive human subjects yielded a mean individual sample size of 109.4 mg or 219.4 mg per needle pass when using the double-sample technique. Adequate tissue samples for histomorphometric and other analyses were obtained in all samples obtained. The percutaneous muscle biopsy performed with enhanced suction using inexpensive, readily available nipples enhances tissue yield two- to fivefold.
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Affiliation(s)
- J V Hennessey
- Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence 02903, USA
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Abstract
Twenty-eight patients with panic disorder (PD) and 30 with social phobia (SP) were compared on demographic and psychopathology measures. The demographic comparisons showed that, although people with SP were better educated, they were more likely to be single, living alone, and unemployed. The comparisons of psychopathology showed that the proportion of people with PD and SP with a life time major affective disorder did not differ, nor did the two groups differ on the proportion of Ss reporting past suicide attempts. However, a greater proportion of patients with SP had Brief Michigan Alcohol Screening Test scores above 5, indicating alcohol abuse problems. The implications of these findings are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- G R Norton
- Department of Psychology, University of Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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Davis JA, Guertin J, Cottrell DM. Diffraction-free beams generated with programmable spatial light modulators. Appl Opt 1993; 32:6368-6370. [PMID: 20856473 DOI: 10.1364/ao.32.006368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Diffraction-free beams are generated by the use of diffractive optical elements written on a spatial light modulator (SLM). By alteration of the pattern placed on the SLM, the axis of propagation can be both shifted laterally and rotated. We present experimental results obtained by use of a magneto-optic SLM.
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