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Jahn HK, Kwan J, O'Reilly G, Geduld H, Douglass K, Tenner A, Wallis L, Tupesis J, Mowafi HO. Towards developing a consensus assessment framework for global emergency medicine fellowships. BMC Emerg Med 2019; 19:68. [PMID: 31711428 PMCID: PMC6849247 DOI: 10.1186/s12873-019-0286-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The number of Global Emergency Medicine (GEM) Fellowship training programs are increasing worldwide. Despite the increasing number of GEM fellowships, there is not an agreed upon approach for assessment of GEM trainees. Main body In order to study the lack of standardized assessment in GEM fellowship training, a working group was established between the International EM Fellowship Consortium (IEMFC) and the International Federation for Emergency Medicine (IFEM). A needs assessment survey of IEMFC members and a review were undertaken to identify assessment tools currently in use by GEM fellowship programs; what relevant frameworks exist; and common elements used by programs with a wide diversity of emphases. A consensus framework was developed through iterative working group discussions. Thirty-two of 40 GEM fellowships responded (80% response). There is variability in the use and format of formal assessment between programs. Thirty programs reported training GEM fellows in the last 3 years (94%). Eighteen (56%) reported only informal assessments of trainees. Twenty-seven (84%) reported regular meetings for assessment of trainees. Eleven (34%) reported use of a structured assessment of any sort for GEM fellows and, of these, only 2 (18%) used validated instruments modified from general EM residency assessment tools. Only 3 (27%) programs reported incorporation of formal written feedback from partners in other countries. Using these results along with a review of the available assessment tools in GEM the working group developed a set of principles to guide GEM fellowship assessments along with a sample assessment for use by GEM fellowship programs seeking to create their own customized assessments. Conclusion There are currently no widely used assessment frameworks for GEM fellowship training. The working group made recommendations for developing standardized assessments aligned with competencies defined by the programs, that characterize goals and objectives of training, and document progress of trainees towards achieving those goals. Frameworks used should include perspectives of multiple stakeholders including partners in other countries where trainees conduct field work. Future work may evaluate the usability, validity and reliability of assessment frameworks in GEM fellowship training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiko Kurt Jahn
- FRCPCH Belfast Health and Social Trust, Belfast, UK.,Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - James Kwan
- FRCEM, FAMS Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore and Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Heike Geduld
- MBChB DipPEC MMed Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | | | - Andrea Tenner
- MPH University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Lee Wallis
- FCEM(SA), PhD University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
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McQuilkin PA, Niescierenko M, Beddoe AM, Goentzel J, Graham EA, Henwood PC, Rehwaldt L, Teklu S, Tupesis J, Marshall R. Academic Medical Support to the Ebola Virus Disease Outbreak in Liberia. Acad Med 2017; 92:1674-1679. [PMID: 29019800 DOI: 10.1097/acm.0000000000001959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
During the Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) epidemic in West Africa (2014-2016), many faculty, staff, and trainees from U.S. academic medical centers (i.e., teaching hospitals and their affiliated medical schools; AMCs) wished to contribute to the response to the outbreak, but many barriers prevented their participation. Here, the authors describe a successful long-term academic collaboration in Liberia that facilitated participation in the EVD response. This Perspective outlines the role the authors played in the response (providing equipment and training, supporting the return of medical education), the barriers they faced (logistical and financial), and elements that contributed to their success (partnering and coordinating their response with both U.S. and African institutions). There is a paucity of literature discussing the role of AMCs in disaster response, so the authors discuss the lessons learned and offer suggestions about the responsibilities that AMCs have and the roles they can play in responding to disaster situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia A McQuilkin
- P.A. McQuilkin is director, Pediatric Global Health, and associate professor of pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts; ORCID: http://www.orcid.org/0000-0001-9812-1932. M. Niescierenko is director, Global Health, Boston Children's Hospital, and instructor in emergency medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. A.M. Beddoe is director, Global Women's Health, and assistant professor, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mt Sinai, New York, New York. J. Goentzel leads the Humanitarian Response Lab, Center for Transportation and Logistics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, Massachusetts; ORCID: http://www.orcid.org/0000-0002-5689-300X. E.A. Graham is associate professor emeritus, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington. P.C. Henwood is assistant director, Division of Emergency Ultrasound, Department of Emergency Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and instructor in emergency medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. L. Rehwaldt is assistant professor, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mt Sinai, New York, New York, and director, Obstetrics & Gynecology Residency Program, Liberian Post Graduate Medical College, Monrovia, Liberia. S. Teklu is associate professor, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Department of Emergency Medicine, Addis Ababa University School of Medicine, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. J. Tupesis is graduate medical education liaison and professor of emergency medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison Global Health Institute, Madison, Wisconsin. R. Marshall is president, Liberian Post Graduate Medical College, Monrovia, Liberia
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Douglass K, Jacquet G, Hayward A, Dreifuss B, Tupesis J. Development of a Global Health Milestones Tool for Emergency Medicine
Trainees: A Pilot Project. Ann Glob Health 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aogh.2017.03.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Jacquet G, Weiner S, Tupesis J. Comments on “Emergency Medicine Resident Rotations Abroad: Current Status and Next Steps”. West J Emerg Med 2017; 18:222. [PMID: 28210355 PMCID: PMC5305128 DOI: 10.5811/westjem.2016.5.30700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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Jacquet G, Schneider J, Rybarczyk M, Hudspeth J, Miller C, Tupesis J. A centralized structure for approving, tracking, and monitoring global
health electives at a large academic institution. Ann Glob Health 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aogh.2016.04.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Rodriguez N, Ebinger A, Oksuita K, Niewold J, Tupesis J. Environmental Emergencies Amazing Race. Ann Emerg Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2013.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Hansoti B, Douglass K, Tupesis J, Runyon MS, Sanson T, Babcock C, Jacquet G, Schroeder ED, Hoffelder D, Martin IBK. Guidelines for safety of trainees rotating abroad: consensus recommendations from the Global Emergency Medicine Academy of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine, Council of Emergency Medicine Residency Directors, and the Emergency Medicine Residents' Association. Acad Emerg Med 2013; 20:413-20. [PMID: 23701352 DOI: 10.1111/acem.12106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2012] [Revised: 10/17/2012] [Accepted: 10/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The goal of a global health elective is for residents and medical students to have safe, structured, and highly educational experiences. In this article, the authors have laid out considerations for establishing a safe clinical site; ensuring a traveler's personal safety, health, and wellness; and mitigating risk during a global health rotation. Adequate oversight, appropriate mentorship, and a well-defined safety and security plan are all critical elements to a successful and safe experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhakti Hansoti
- Department of Emergency Medicine; Johns Hopkins University ; Baltimore; MD
| | - Kate Douglass
- Department of Emergency Medicine; George Washington University ; Washington; DC
| | - Janis Tupesis
- Department of Emergency Medicine; University of Wisconsin ; Madison; WI
| | - Michael S. Runyon
- Department of Emergency Medicine; Carolinas Medical Center ; Charlotte; NC
| | - Tracy Sanson
- Department of Emergency Medicine; University of South Florida ; Tampa; FL
| | | | - Gabrielle Jacquet
- Department of Emergency Medicine; Johns Hopkins University ; Baltimore; MD
| | - Erika D. Schroeder
- Department of Emergency Medicine; Providence Regional Medical Center ; Everett; WA
| | - David Hoffelder
- Department of Emergency Medicine; University of Wisconsin ; Madison; WI
| | - Ian B. K. Martin
- Department of Emergency Medicine and the Department of Medicine; Division of General Internal Medicine; University of North Carolina ; Chapel Hill; NC
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Yarris LM, Fu R, LaMantia J, Linden JA, Gene Hern H, Lefebvre C, Nestler DM, Tupesis J, Kman N. Effect of an educational intervention on faculty and resident satisfaction with real-time feedback in the emergency department. Acad Emerg Med 2011; 18:504-12. [PMID: 21569169 DOI: 10.1111/j.1553-2712.2011.01055.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Effective real-time feedback is critical to medical education. This study tested the hypothesis that an educational intervention related to feedback would improve emergency medicine (EM) faculty and resident physician satisfaction with feedback. METHODS This was a cluster-randomized, controlled study of 15 EM residency programs in 2007-2008. An educational intervention was created that combined a feedback curriculum with a card system designed to promote timely, effective feedback. Sites were randomized either to receive the intervention or to continue their current feedback method. All participants completed a Web-based survey before and after the intervention period. The primary outcome was overall feedback satisfaction on a 10-point scale. Additional items addressed specific aspects of feedback. Responses were compared using a generalized estimating equations model, adjusting for confounders and baseline differences between groups. The study was designed to achieve at least 80% power to detect a one-point difference in overall satisfaction (α = 0.05). RESULTS Response rates for pre- and postintervention surveys were 65.9 and 47.3% (faculty) and 64.7 and 56.9% (residents). Residents in the intervention group reported a mean overall increase in feedback satisfaction scores compared to those in the control group (mean increase 0.96 points, standard error [SE] ± 0.44, p = 0.03) and significantly higher satisfaction with the quality, amount, and timeliness of feedback. There were no significant differences in mean scores for overall and specific aspects of satisfaction between the faculty physician intervention and control groups. CONCLUSIONS An intervention designed to improve real-time feedback in the ED resulted in higher resident satisfaction with feedback received, but did not affect faculty satisfaction with the feedback given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lalena M Yarris
- Policy and Research in Emergency Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine (LMY, RF), Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
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Kurz M, Schmitt A, Irvin C, Sinha S, Tupesis J, Allegretti J. The Use of Lead aVR to Discriminate between Right and Left Circumflex Coronary Artery Occlusion in Acute Inferior Myocardial Infarction. Acad Emerg Med 2007. [DOI: 10.1197/j.aem.2007.03.1058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Kawakami Y, Wang X, Shofuda T, Sumimoto H, Tupesis J, Fitzgerald E, Rosenberg S. Isolation of a new melanoma antigen, MART-2, containing a mutated epitope recognized by autologous tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes. J Immunol 2001; 166:2871-7. [PMID: 11160356 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.166.4.2871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Using cDNA expression cloning, a cDNA encoding a novel human melanoma Ag, MART-2 (melanoma Ag recognized by T cells-2), recognized by HLA-A1-restricted CD8(+) T cells from tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL1362) was isolated from an autologous melanoma cell line, 1362 mel. Homologous sequences to the cDNA had been registered in the EST database. This gene encoded an uncharacterized protein expressed ubiquitously in most normal and cancer cells. A mutation (A to G transition) was found in the cDNA obtained from the1362 mel melanoma cell line in the sequences encoding the phosphate binding loop (P-loop) that resulted in loss of the ability to bind GTP. Transfection of NIH-3T3 with the mutated MART-2 did not result in the development of significant foci. By screening 36 various cancer cell lines using single-strand conformation polymorphism, a possible mutation in the P-loop of MART-2 was found in one squamous cell lung cancer cell line, EBC1. The T cell epitope for TIL1362, FLEGNEVGKTY, was identified to be encoded by the mutated sequence of the MART-2 Ag. The mutation substituted glycine in the normal peptide with glutamic acid at the third amino acid of the epitope, which is an important primary anchor amino acid for HLA-A1 peptide binding. The normal peptide, FLGGNEVGKTY, was not recognized by TIL1362, suggesting that this T cell response was specific for the autologous tumor. Although transforming activity was not detected in the NIH-3T3 assay, MART-2 with the mutation in the P-loop may be involved in the generation of melanoma through a loss of GTP binding activity.
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MESH Headings
- 3T3 Cells
- Adult
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Antigens, Neoplasm/biosynthesis
- Antigens, Neoplasm/chemistry
- Antigens, Neoplasm/genetics
- Antigens, Neoplasm/isolation & purification
- Base Sequence
- COS Cells
- DNA, Complementary/isolation & purification
- Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/genetics
- Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/immunology
- Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/isolation & purification
- Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/metabolism
- GTP-Binding Proteins/genetics
- GTP-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/immunology
- Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate)/genetics
- Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate)/metabolism
- HLA-A1 Antigen/metabolism
- Humans
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/immunology
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/metabolism
- Melanoma/genetics
- Melanoma/immunology
- Mice
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Mutation
- Neoplasm Proteins
- Protein Structure, Secondary/genetics
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/metabolism
- Transfection
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Kawakami
- Division of Cellular Signaling, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
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Kawakami Y, Dang N, Wang X, Tupesis J, Robbins PF, Wang RF, Wunderlich JR, Yannelli JR, Rosenberg SA. Recognition of shared melanoma antigens in association with major HLA-A alleles by tumor infiltrating T lymphocytes from 123 patients with melanoma. J Immunother 2000; 23:17-27. [PMID: 10687134 DOI: 10.1097/00002371-200001000-00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A total of 123 tumor-infiltrating T lymphocyte (TIL) cultures established from patients with HLA-A1, -A2, -A3, -A24, or -A31 metastatic melanoma in the Surgery Branch, National Cancer Institute, were screened for recognition of shared melanoma antigens including five melanosomal proteins (tyrosinase, MART-1/melan-A, gp100, TRP1, TRP2) as well as peptides derived from MAGE-1 and MAGE-3. Examination of the specificity of these T cells indicated that 16% of HLA-A1 TIL, 57% of HLA-A2 TIL, 7% of HLA-A3 TIL, 13% of HLA-A24 TIL, and 27% of HLA-A31 TIL recognized shared melanoma antigens restricted by major histocompatibility complex class I. Melanosomal proteins were frequently recognized by these TIL, and MART-1(27-35), gp100(154-162), gp100(209-217), and gp100(280-288) represent highly immunogenic epitopes that were recognized by a high percentage of HLA-A2 restricted melanoma reactive TIL. Recognition of gp100 by HLA-A2 restricted TIL significantly correlated with clinical response to adoptive immunotherapy with TIL in 21 HLA-A2 melanoma patients (p = 0.024). Four HLA-A1, two HLA-A2, two HLA-A3, one HLA-A24, and two HLA-A31 restricted shared antigen-specific TIL did not recognize the previously identified antigens tested in this study, and may be useful for the identification of new melanoma antigens. The observation that TILs isolated from patients with metastatic melanoma recognized melanosomal proteins in the context of predominant HLA-A alleles implies that it may be possible to develop immunotherapies for patients with melanoma expressing diverse HLA types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Kawakami
- Surgery Branch, National Cancer Institutes, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
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