A pilot program evaluating WhatsApp as an interactive educational tool for pediatric radiology in Eastern Africa

The widespread use of WhatsApp as a communication tool makes it a candidate platform to facilitate the delivery of educational materials to radiology trainees in Eastern Africa. The aim of this pilot program is to assess the novel approach of using WhatsApp as a learning tool in pediatric radiology for residents in Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania and Uganda. We recruited radiology residents to participate in a 3-month case-based pediatric radiology learning module that was delivered through WhatsApp to personal cell phones. Residents were presented with a multiple choice question once a week. Once they submitted their answer, the correct answer and explanations for each choice were provided. Questionnaires investigated comfort with reading pediatric radiology imaging, perception of the module content and convenience of the approach. Of the 72  participants, 40 (56%) responded to all 12 questions and both questionnaires, of whom 22 (55%) reported little to no comfort before the module and feeling very comfortable after. Confidence decreased with the number of incorrect answers. There was no correlation between the number of correct answers and the year level of the resident. Participants reported that the module was useful for learning pediatric radiology, found the material moderately difficult and found the application convenient for learning. Pediatric radiology educational content delivered over WhatsApp to residents in Eastern Africa is perceived as beneficial and convenient. This interactive learning platform provides opportunities for mentorship and enhanced learning of pediatric radiology.

Neonatal infratentorial subdural hematoma contributing to obstructive hydrocephalus in the setting of therapeutic cooling: A case report

BACKGROUND

Symptomatic neonatal subdural hematomas usually result from head trauma incurred during vaginal delivery, most commonly during instrument assistance. Symptomatic subdural hematomas are rare in C-section deliveries that were not preceded by assisted delivery techniques. Although the literature is inconclusive, another possible cause of subdural hematomas is therapeutic hypothermia.

CASE SUMMARY

We present a case of a term neonate who underwent therapeutic whole-body cooling for hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy following an emergent C-section delivery for prolonged decelerations. Head ultrasound on day of life 3 demonstrated a rounded mass in the posterior fossa. A follow-up brain magnetic resonance imaging confirmed hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy and clarified the subdural hematomas in the posterior fossa causing mass effect and obstructive hydrocephalus.

CONCLUSION

The aim of this report is to highlight the rarity and importance of mass-like subdural hematomas causing obstructive hydrocephalus, particularly in the setting of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy and therapeutic whole-body cooling.

Complex Pancreaticobiliary Maljunction with Pancreas Divisum and Obstructive Pseudocyst

Pancreaticobiliary maljunction (PBM) is the congenital junction of the bile and pancreatic ducts into a common channel located anatomically outside of the duodenal wall. The complex type (Type D) is the rarest type and occurs in conjunction with other pancreaticobiliary anomalies. We present a case of complex PBM with pancreas divisum presenting as acute pancreatitis and obstructive symptoms secondary to a pancreatic pseudocyst. Surgical management is discussed, as complex type PBM is most predisposed to post-operative complications.