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Bugeda Gómez P, Costa-Roig A, Montecino Romanini C, Miró Rubio I, Guindos Rúa S, Lara Cárdenas DC, Germani M, Roca Roca M, Romagosa Pérez Portabella C, Garrido Pontnou M, Hernández Losa J, Sanchís Solera LF. Pediatric Plexiform Fibromyxoma: A Case Report. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2024; 46:e251-e253. [PMID: 38408159 PMCID: PMC10956666 DOI: 10.1097/mph.0000000000002833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
The plexiform fibromyxoma is a rare mesenchymal tumor in adults that generally originates in the antrum of stomach, being its occurrence in pediatric patients exceptional. It was classified as a distinct entity by World Health Organization in 2010. No recurrences and metastases have been documented in many of the reported patients to date, being the surgical treatment curative. We report the case of a 3-month-old infant who presented to the emergency department with an episode of intestinal subocclusion requiring an emergent surgery. During the surgical intervention, a mass was identified in the jejunum, causing partial occlusion of its lumen. The surgical pathology report revealed an infiltrative tumor composed of spindle-shaped cells disposed in a stroma with a plexiform pattern alternating myxoid areas. These findings and the immunohistochemical characteristics of the neoplastic cells led to classify the tumor as a plexiform fibromyxoma. A description of the immunophenotype of this tumor is made and differential diagnosis with other gastrointestinal tumors is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Carolina Montecino Romanini
- Department of Pathology, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno Infantil, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
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Sanchez-Arévalo Lobo VJ, Doni M, Verrecchia A, Sanulli S, Fagà G, Piontini A, Bianchi M, Conacci-Sorrell M, Mazzarol G, Peg V, Losa JH, Ronchi P, Ponzoni M, Eisenman RN, Doglioni C, Amati B. Dual regulation of Myc by Abl. Oncogene 2013; 32:5261-71. [PMID: 23318434 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2012.621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2011] [Revised: 11/20/2012] [Accepted: 11/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The tyrosine kinase c-Abl (or Abl) and the prolyl-isomerase Pin1 cooperatively activate the transcription factor p73 by enhancing recruitment of the acetyltransferase p300. As the transcription factor c-Myc (or Myc) is a known target of Pin1 and p300, we hypothesized that it might be regulated in a similar manner. Consistent with this hypothesis, overexpression of Pin1 augmented the interaction of Myc with p300 and transcriptional activity. The action of Abl, however, was more complex than predicted. On one hand, Abl indirectly enhanced phosphorylation of Myc on Ser 62 and Thr 58, its association with Pin1 and p300 and its acetylation by p300. These effects of Abl were exerted through phosphorylation of substrate(s) other than Myc itself. On the other hand, Abl interacted with the C-terminal domain of Myc and phosphorylated up to five tyrosine residues in its N-terminus, the principal of which was Y74. Indirect immunofluorescence or immunohistochemical staining suggested that the Y74-phosphorylated form of Myc (Myc-pY74) localized to the cytoplasm and coexisted either with active Abl in a subset of mammary carcinomas or with Bcr-Abl in chronic myeloid leukemia. In all instances, Myc-pY74 constituted a minor fraction of the cellular Myc protein. Thus, our data unravel two potential effects of Abl on Myc: first, Abl signaling can indirectly augment acetylation of Myc by p300, and most likely also its transcriptional activity in the nucleus; second, Abl can directly phosphorylate Myc on tyrosine: the resulting form of Myc appears to be cytoplasmic, and its presence correlates with Abl activation in cancer.
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Sánchez-Arévalo Lobo V, Aceves Luquero C, Álvarez-Vallina L, Tipping A, Viniegra J, Hernández Losa J, Parada Cobo C, Galán Moya E, Gayoso Cruz J, Melo J, Ramón y Cajal S, Sánchez-Prieto R. Modulation of the p38 MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) pathway through Bcr/Abl: implications in the cellular response to Ara-C. Biochem J 2005; 387:231-8. [PMID: 15540985 PMCID: PMC1134951 DOI: 10.1042/bj20040927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The chimaeric protein Bcr/Abl, the hallmark of chronic myeloid leukaemia, has been connected with several signalling pathways, such as those involving protein kinase B/Akt, JNK (c-Jun N-terminal kinase) or ERKs (extracellular-signal-regulated kinases) 1 and 2. However, no data about the p38 MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) have been reported. Here, we present evidence showing that Bcr/Abl is able to modulate this signalling pathway. Transient transfection experiments indicated that overexpression of Bcr/Abl in 293T cells is able to activate p38 MAPK or induce p73 stabilization, suggesting that c-Abl and Bcr/Abl share some biological substrates. Interestingly, the control exerted by Bcr/Abl on the p38 MAPK pathway was not only mediated by the tyrosine kinase activity of Bcr/Abl, as the use of STI571 demonstrated. In fact, Bcr alone was able to induce p38 MAPK activation specifically through MKK3 (MAP kinase kinase 3). Supporting these observations, chronic myeloid leukaemia-derived K562 cells or BaF 3 cells stably transfected with Bcr/Abl showed higher levels of phosphorylated p38 MAPK compared with Bcr/Abl-negative cells. While Bcr/Abl-negative cells activated p38 MAPK in response to Ara-C (1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine), Bcr/Abl-positive cells were unable to activate p38 MAPK, suggesting that the p38 MAPK pathway is not sensitive to Abl-dependent stimuli in Bcr/Abl-positive cells. Our results demonstrate that the involvement of Bcr/Abl in the p38 MAPK pathway is a key mechanism for explaining resistance to Ara-C, and could provide a clue for new therapeutic approaches based on the use of specific Abl inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Luis Álvarez-Vallina
- *Immunology Department, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, 28035 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alex J. Tipping
- ‡Department of Haematology, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, U.K
| | - Juan Guinea Viniegra
- †CRIB/Facultad de Medicina Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Almansa S/N 02071, Albacete, Spain
| | - Javier Hernández Losa
- §Pathology Department, Hospital Universitario Vall'de Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Parada Cobo
- §Pathology Department, Hospital Universitario Vall'de Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eva María Galán Moya
- †CRIB/Facultad de Medicina Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Almansa S/N 02071, Albacete, Spain
| | - Jorge Gayoso Cruz
- ∥Haematology Department, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, 28035 Madrid, Spain
| | - Junia V. Melo
- ‡Department of Haematology, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, U.K
| | | | - Ricardo Sánchez-Prieto
- †CRIB/Facultad de Medicina Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Almansa S/N 02071, Albacete, Spain
- To whom correspondence should be addressed (email )
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Viniegra JG, Martínez N, Modirassari P, Hernández Losa J, Parada Cobo C, Sánchez-Arévalo Lobo VJ, Aceves Luquero CI, Alvarez-Vallina L, Ramón y Cajal S, Rojas JM, Sánchez-Prieto R. Full Activation of PKB/Akt in Response to Insulin or Ionizing Radiation Is Mediated through ATM. J Biol Chem 2005; 280:4029-36. [PMID: 15546863 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m410344200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The gene mutated in ataxia telangiectasia, ATM, has been implicated in several cell functions such as cell cycle control and response to DNA damage and insulin. PKB/Akt has also been implicated in the cellular response to insulin, gamma-radiation, and cell cycle control. Interestingly, lack of PKB/Akt function in vivo is able to mimic some phenotypic abnormalities associated with ataxia telangiectasia (AT). Here we show that ATM is a major determinant of full PKB/Akt activation in response to insulin or gamma-radiation. This effect is mediated through the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase domain of ATM that specifically affects Akt serine 473 phosphorylation. This conclusion was inferred from the results obtained in transient transfection assays using exogenous PKB/Akt and ATM in Cos cells. Moreover, the use of ATM inhibitors or small interfering RNA confirmed our observation. Further supporting these results, we also observed that biological responses tightly regulated by Akt, such as transcription factor of the forkhead family activity after insulin treatment or gamma-radiation response, were altered in cell lines derived from AT patients and knockout mice for ATM in which phosphorylation in serine 473 was almost abolished. This study proposes new clues in the search of the unknown PDK2 and new explanations for the radiosensitivity or insulin intolerance described more than 30 years ago in AT patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Guinea Viniegra
- CRIB/Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Castilla la Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain
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Hernández Losa J, Parada Cobo C, Guinea Viniegra J, Sánchez-Arevalo Lobo VJ, Ramón y Cajal S, Sánchez-Prieto R. Role of the p38 MAPK pathway in cisplatin-based therapy. Oncogene 2003; 22:3998-4006. [PMID: 12821934 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1206608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
p38 MAPK has been implicated in the response to cancer therapy. To determine whether the activation of p38 MAPK could be specific to cancer therapy, we investigated the activation of p38 MAPK in response to several chemotherapeutic agents, such as cisplatin, doxorubicin and taxol in several human cell lines. Activation of p38 MAPK was measured after exposure to several chemotherapeutic agents, using specific phosphoantibodies. Only cisplatin was able to activate p38 MAPK in all the cell lines tested. Furthermore, other platinum compounds such as transplatin and platinum (IV) chloride can induce activation of p38 MAPK. The kinetics of this activation is a key event in the biological role of p38 MAPK in response to cisplatin, as we conclude from the differences observed after treatment with transplatin and cisplatin. The p38 MAPK activation is independent of the origin or genetic alterations of the cell lines and seems to be mediated through both upstream activators MKK6 and MKK3. Although the isoforms alpha/beta are mainly activated, we also demonstrated that other members of the p38 MAPK family were susceptible to activation by cisplatin when they were overexpressed in 293 T. Finally, pretreatment with specific inhibitors (SB 203580 and SKF 86002) induces a resistant phenotype in response to cisplatin. Furthermore, low activation of this SAPK pathway correlates with a resistant phenotype as demonstrated in our experimental model of head and neck cancer. Therefore, we conclude that the p38 MAPK pathway is a specific target for cisplatin-based therapy with clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Hernández Losa
- Unidad de Patología Molecular, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, C/San Martin de Porres 4, 28035 Madrid, Spain
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Parada C, Hernández Losa J, Guinea J, Sánchez-Arévalo V, Fernández Soria V, Alvarez-Vallina L, Sánchez-Prieto R, Ramón y Cajal S. Adenovirus E1a protein enhances the cytotoxic effects of the herpes thymidine kinase-ganciclovir system. Cancer Gene Ther 2003; 10:152-60. [PMID: 12536204 DOI: 10.1038/sj.cgt.7700550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2002] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cancer gene therapy based on the use of suicide genes, such as the thymidine kinase gene, is not producing satisfactory results. Several approaches have been delineated to enhance the therapeutic responses, including augmentation of the bystander effect, the combination of the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase-ganciclovir (HSVTK-GCV) system into replication competent adenoviruses and others. Moreover, because usually less than 20% of human malignant cells are in S-phase, the HSVTK-GCV system is not as efficient as expected. To increase the cytotoxic effects of the HSVTK-GCV system, we hypothesized that concomitant expression of E1a protein, which drives cells to proliferation and S-phase, could increase the effects of the HSVTK-GCV system. Several retroviruses were constructed carrying bicistronic sequences of TK and E1a 12S genes under the control of the CMV promoter. The constructions were tested in murine (NIH-3T3, MSC11A5) and human cells (IMR90, HeLa, MDA-MB435). A clear increase of the HSVTK-GCV system killing effect in nonconfluent cells was observed in the cells studied, especially in NIH-3T3, MSC11A5, IMR90, and MDA-MB435 expressing cells. In confluence, the NIH3T3 and IMR90 E1a-TK-expressing cells were also very sensitive and most malignant E1a-TK-expressing cells showed an irreversible G2-M cell cycle arrest. Moreover, the concomitant expression of adenovirus E1a and the HSVTK-GCV system increased the sensitivity to anticancer agents such as cisplatin. These results show that adenovirus E1a protein expression clearly enhances the cytotoxic effects of the HSVTK-GCV system and the response to treatment with cisplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Parada
- Department of Pathology, Clínica Puerta de Hierro, Madrid, Spain
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Guinea Viniegra J, Hernández Losa J, Sánchez-Arévalo VJ, Parada Cobo C, Fernández Soria VM, Ramón y Cajal S, Sánchez-Prieto R. Modulation of PI3K/Akt pathway by E1a mediates sensitivity to cisplatin. Oncogene 2002; 21:7131-6. [PMID: 12370836 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1205934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2002] [Revised: 07/25/2002] [Accepted: 08/05/2002] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In order to investigate the molecular mechanisms implicated in the induction of chemo sensitivity by adenovirus E1a gene expression, we decided to investigate which signal transduction pathways could be affected by the E1a gene in Human Normal Fibroblast (IMR90). No effect was observed in SAPK pathways (p38MAPK and JNK), but E1a was able to affect the Akt activation mediated by insulin. This result was confirmed by transient transfection experiments performed in Cos-7 cells and also observed in other transformed cell lines such as A431. Furthermore, E1a expression induces a decrease in the basal status of Akt activity. Finally we demonstrated that E1a is able to block the Akt activation mediated by cisplatin and correlates with a sensitive phenotype. In summary, our data demonstrate that specific inhibition of the PI3K/Akt pathway mediates some of the biological properties of E1a such as induction of chemosensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Guinea Viniegra
- Unidad de Patología Molecular, Clínica Puerta de Hierro, C/San Martín de Porres 4, 28035 Madrid, Spain
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