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Fernandes NB, Velagacherla V, Spandana KJ, N B, Mehta CH, Gadag S, Sabhahit JN, Nayak UY. Co-delivery of lapatinib and 5-fluorouracil transfersomes using transpapillary iontophoresis for breast cancer therapy. Int J Pharm 2024; 650:123686. [PMID: 38070658 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Combination chemotherapy, involving the intervention of two or more anti-neoplastic agents has been the cornerstone in breast cancer treatment, owing to the applications it holds in contrast to the mono-therapy approach. This research predominantly focussed on proving the synergy between Lapatinib (LPT) and 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) and further enhancing its localized permeation via transfersome-loaded delivery and iontophoresis to treat breast tumors. The IC50 values for LPT and 5-FU were found to be 19.38 µg/ml and 5.7 µg/ml respectively and their synergistic effect was proven by the Chou-Talalay assay using CompuSyn software. Furthermore, LPT and 5-FU were encapsulated within transfersomes and administered via the transpapillary route. The drug-loaded carriers were characterized for their particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, and entrapment efficiency. The ex vivo rat skin permeation studies indicated that when compared to LPT dispersion and 5-FU solution, drug-loaded transfersomes exhibited better permeability and their transpapillary permeation was enhanced on using iontophoresis. Moreover, both LPT and 5-FU transfersomes were found to be stable for 3 months when stored at a temperature of 5 ± 3 °C. The results indicated that this treatment strategy could be an effective approach in contrast to some of the conventional treatments employed to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha B Fernandes
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Varalakshmi Velagacherla
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - K J Spandana
- Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangaluru 575018, Karnataka, India
| | - Bhagya N
- Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangaluru 575018, Karnataka, India
| | - Chetan H Mehta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Shivaprasad Gadag
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Jayalakshmi N Sabhahit
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Usha Y Nayak
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India.
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Gadag S, Narayan R, Sabhahit JN, Hari G, Nayak Y, Pai KSR, Garg S, Nayak UY. Transpapillary iontophoretic delivery of resveratrol loaded transfersomes for localized delivery to breast cancer. Biomater Adv 2022; 140:213085. [PMID: 36037762 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.213085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Localized drug delivery to the breast tissues is an area of interest as a potential route to ensure site-specific drug delivery. Transpapillary delivery via the mammary papilla has advantages as most breast tumors arise from the milk ducts. The present study explored the plausibility of transpapillary delivery of a phytochemical, resveratrol (RVT), for breast cancer treatment. RVT was encapsulated within the transfersomes (RVT-TRF) to enable a sustained release of the drug using the biomaterial soya phosphatidylcholine (SPC). Iontophoresis was applied to further accelerate the penetration of the RVT-TRF across the mammary papilla to the breast tissue. The RVT-TRF development was optimized by the Design of Experiments (DoE) approach. The in vitro transpapillary iontophoresis study on porcine mammary papilla showed an enhanced penetration of RVT-TRF when compared to passive diffusion. The transpapillary delivery was further confirmed from the in vitro fluorescent microscopy study using FITC conjugated RVT-TRF. The optimized RVT-TRF delivered via transpapillary route showed a higher Cmax and AUC when compared to pure RVT given orally. A significant reduction in the tumor volume and the serum biomarker CA 15-3, when evaluated in a chemically induced breast cancer rat model, provided evidence of the effectiveness of the developed formulation when delivered locally via transpapillary route compared to the oral route. Thus the developed RVT-TRF administered via transpapillary iontophoresis technique is a promising strategy enabling a localized delivery for effective breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivaprasad Gadag
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Reema Narayan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Jayalakshmi N Sabhahit
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Gangadhar Hari
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Yogendra Nayak
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Karkala Sreedhara Ranganath Pai
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Sanjay Garg
- UniSA: Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Usha Y Nayak
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India.
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