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Hampel H, Hu Y, Cummings J, Mattke S, Iwatsubo T, Nakamura A, Vellas B, O'Bryant S, Shaw LM, Cho M, Batrla R, Vergallo A, Blennow K, Dage J, Schindler SE. Blood-based biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease: Current state and future use in a transformed global healthcare landscape. Neuron 2023; 111:2781-2799. [PMID: 37295421 PMCID: PMC10720399 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Timely detection of the pathophysiological changes and cognitive impairment caused by Alzheimer's disease (AD) is increasingly pressing because of the advent of biomarker-guided targeted therapies that may be most effective when provided early in the disease. Currently, diagnosis and management of early AD are largely guided by clinical symptoms. FDA-approved neuroimaging and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers can aid detection and diagnosis, but the clinical implementation of these testing modalities is limited because of availability, cost, and perceived invasiveness. Blood-based biomarkers (BBBMs) may enable earlier and faster diagnoses as well as aid in risk assessment, early detection, prognosis, and management. Herein, we review data on BBBMs that are closest to clinical implementation, particularly those based on measures of amyloid-β peptides and phosphorylated tau species. We discuss key parameters and considerations for the development and potential deployment of these BBBMs under different contexts of use and highlight challenges at the methodological, clinical, and regulatory levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harald Hampel
- Alzheimer's Disease and Brain Health, Eisai Inc., Nutley, NJ, USA.
| | - Yan Hu
- Alzheimer's Disease and Brain Health, Eisai Inc., Nutley, NJ, USA.
| | - Jeffrey Cummings
- Chambers-Grundy Center for Transformative Neuroscience, Pam Quirk Brain Health and Biomarker Laboratory, Department of Brain Health, School of Integrated Health Sciences, University of Nevada Las Vegas (UNLV), Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Soeren Mattke
- Center for Improving Chronic Illness Care, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Takeshi Iwatsubo
- Department of Neuropathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akinori Nakamura
- Department of Biomarker Research, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan; Department of Cognition and Behavior Science, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Bruno Vellas
- University Paul Sabatier, Gérontopôle, Toulouse University Hospital, UMR INSERM 1285, Toulouse, France
| | - Sid O'Bryant
- Institute for Translational Research, Texas College of Osteopathic Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Leslie M Shaw
- Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Min Cho
- Alzheimer's Disease and Brain Health, Eisai Inc., Nutley, NJ, USA
| | - Richard Batrla
- Alzheimer's Disease and Brain Health, Eisai Inc., Nutley, NJ, USA
| | - Andrea Vergallo
- Alzheimer's Disease and Brain Health, Eisai Inc., Nutley, NJ, USA
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Jeffrey Dage
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Suzanne E Schindler
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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Hansson O, Blennow K, Zetterberg H, Dage J. Blood biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease in clinical practice and trials. Nat Aging 2023; 3:506-519. [PMID: 37202517 PMCID: PMC10979350 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-023-00403-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Blood-based biomarkers hold great promise to revolutionize the diagnostic and prognostic work-up of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in clinical practice. This is very timely, considering the recent development of anti-amyloid-β (Aβ) immunotherapies. Several assays for measuring phosphorylated tau (p-tau) in plasma exhibit high diagnostic accuracy in distinguishing AD from all other neurodegenerative diseases in patients with cognitive impairment. Prognostic models based on plasma p-tau levels can also predict future development of AD dementia in patients with mild cognitive complaints. The use of such high-performing plasma p-tau assays in the clinical practice of specialist memory clinics would reduce the need for more costly investigations involving cerebrospinal fluid samples or positron emission tomography. Indeed, blood-based biomarkers already facilitate identification of individuals with pre-symptomatic AD in the context of clinical trials. Longitudinal measurements of such biomarkers will also improve the detection of relevant disease-modifying effects of new drugs or lifestyle interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oskar Hansson
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
- Memory Clinic, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, UK
- Hong Kong Center for 27 Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hong Kong, China
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Jeffrey Dage
- Department of Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Indiana Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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Wang H, Charil A, Shcherbinin S, Natanegara F, Chao G, Evans CD, Dage J, Irizarry MC, Lo A, Sims JR. P1‐048: PLASMA NF‐L AS A BIOMARKER FOR NEURODEGENERATION IN MILD AD SUBJECTS IN THE PHASE 2 NAVIGATE‐AD STUDY. Alzheimers Dement 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2019.06.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Wang
- Eli Lilly and Company Indianapolis IN USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Albert Lo
- Eli Lilly and Company Indianapolis IN USA
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Thijssen E, Rojas JC, La Joie R, Dage J, Airey DC, Proctor N, Chai X, Sims JR, Bourakova V, Strom A, Karydas AM, Wang P, Heuer HW, Kramer JH, Miller BL, Boeve BF, Rosen HJ, Jagust WJ, Rabinovici GD, Boxer AL. O2-05-04: PLASMA PTAU181 LEVELS REFLECT [18F]AV1451 TAU PET UPTAKE ACROSS THE TAUOPATHY SPECTRUM. Alzheimers Dement 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2019.06.4478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Julio C. Rojas
- University of California, San Francisco; San Francisco CA USA
| | - Renaud La Joie
- University of California San Francisco; San Francisco CA USA
| | | | | | | | - Xiyun Chai
- Eli Lilly and Company; Indianapolis IN USA
| | | | | | - Amelia Strom
- University of California, San Francisco; San Francisco CA USA
| | - Anna M. Karydas
- University of California, San Francisco; San Francisco CA USA
| | - Ping Wang
- University of California, San Francisco; San Francisco CA USA
| | - Hilary W. Heuer
- University of California, San Francisco; San Francisco CA USA
| | - Joel H. Kramer
- University of California, San Francisco; San Francisco CA USA
| | - Bruce L. Miller
- University of California San Francisco; San Francisco CA USA
| | | | - Howard J. Rosen
- University of California, San Francisco; San Francisco CA USA
| | | | | | - Adam L. Boxer
- University of California, San Francisco; San Francisco CA USA
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Blennow K, Dage J, Johnson SC, Reiman EM, Shaw LM, Simon M, Eichenlaub U, Bittner T, Stutz V, Wahl S, Wild N, Batrla-Utermann R, Molinuevo JL. P2-231: EXPLORING THE NEED FOR ROBUST BIOMARKER ASSAYS IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE AND OTHER NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES. Alzheimers Dement 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2019.06.2638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kaj Blennow
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory; Sahlgrenska University Hospital; Mölndal Sweden
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy; University of Gothenburg; Gothenburg Sweden
| | | | - Sterling C. Johnson
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center; University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health; Madison WI USA
| | | | - Leslie M. Shaw
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine; University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia PA USA
| | - Maryline Simon
- Centralised and Point of Care Solutions; Roche Diagnostics International Ltd; Rotkreuz Switzerland
| | | | - Tobias Bittner
- Genentech, A member of the Roche Group; Basel Switzerland
| | - Vivienne Stutz
- Centralised and Point of Care Solutions; Roche Diagnostics International Ltd; Rotkreuz Switzerland
| | - Simone Wahl
- Centralised and Point of Care Solutions; Roche Diagnostics GmbH; Penzberg Germany
| | - Norbert Wild
- Centralised and Point of Care Solutions; Roche Diagnostics GmbH; Penzberg Germany
| | - Richard Batrla-Utermann
- Centralised and Point of Care Solutions; Roche Diagnostics International Ltd; Rotkreuz Switzerland
| | - Jose Luis Molinuevo
- BarcelonaBeta Brain Research Center; Pasqual Maragall Foundation and Hospital Clinic i Universitari; Barcelona Spain
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Chatzidaki A, Fouillet A, Li J, Dage J, Millar NS, Sher E, Ursu D. Pharmacological Characterisation of Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Expressed in Human iPSC-Derived Neurons. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0125116. [PMID: 25906356 PMCID: PMC4408108 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0125116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurons derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) represent a potentially valuable tool for the characterisation of neuronal receptors and ion channels. Previous studies on iPSC-derived neuronal cells have reported the functional characterisation of a variety of receptors and ion channels, including glutamate receptors, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors and several voltage-gated ion channels. In the present study we have examined the expression and functional properties of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in human iPSC-derived neurons. Gene expression analysis indicated the presence of transcripts encoding several nAChR subunits, with highest levels detected for α3-α7, β1, β2 and β4 subunits (encoded by CHRNA3-CHRNA7, CHRNB1, CHRNB2 and CHRNB4 genes). In addition, similarly high transcript levels were detected for the truncated dupα7 subunit transcript, encoded by the partially duplicated gene CHRFAM7A, which has been associated with psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia. The functional properties of these nAChRs have been examined by calcium fluorescence and by patch-clamp recordings. The data obtained suggest that the majority of functional nAChRs expressed in these cells have pharmacological properties typical of α7 receptors. Large responses were induced by a selective α7 agonist (compound B), in the presence of the α7-selective positive allosteric modulator (PAM) PNU-120596, which were blocked by the α7-selective antagonist methyllycaconitine (MLA). In addition, a small proportion of the neurons express nAChRs with properties typical of heteromeric (non-α7 containing) nAChR subtypes. These cells therefore represent a great tool to advance our understanding of the properties of native human nAChRs, α7 in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Chatzidaki
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology & Pharmacology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Antoine Fouillet
- Lilly Research Centre, Eli Lilly and Company, Windlesham, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Jingling Li
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey Dage
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States of America
| | - Neil S. Millar
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology & Pharmacology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Emanuele Sher
- Lilly Research Centre, Eli Lilly and Company, Windlesham, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Ursu
- Lilly Research Centre, Eli Lilly and Company, Windlesham, Surrey, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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Espada A, Molina-Martin M, Dage J, Kuo MS. Application of LC/MS and related techniques to high-throughput drug discovery. Drug Discov Today 2008; 13:417-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2008.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2008] [Revised: 03/06/2008] [Accepted: 03/10/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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