1
|
Šišić A, Baćanović-Šišić J, Gamba FM, Finckh MR. Didymella pinodella: An Important Pea Root Rot Pathogen in France to Watch Out For? J Fungi (Basel) 2024; 10:44. [PMID: 38248955 PMCID: PMC10820343 DOI: 10.3390/jof10010044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Root rot pathogens restrict pea and wheat production globally. In the EU, pea and pea-based cereal mixtures are being promoted; however, root rot pathogen dynamics in such mixtures are poorly understood. Winter pea and wheat were grown either in pure stands or in mixtures in the field in western France, and the severity of root rot in pea, wheat, and their mixtures, as well as the key pathogens associated with these crops, were assessed. Disease severity was moderate in pea and low in wheat, with no effect of sowing pattern. Didymella pinodella, a previously unreported pathogen in the pea-root rot complex in France, emerged as the most dominant pathogen in pea. It also occurred in low frequencies in wheat. Subsequent greenhouse aggressiveness tests showed that ten of the commonly grown pea cultivars in France lack resistance to D. pinodella. Among the Fusarium spp. isolated, F. avenaceum was the most frequent, occurring at similar frequencies in pea and wheat. In conclusion, D. pinodella may be an important pea root rot pathogen in France and there is a lack of resistance in the tested pea cultivars. In addition, F. avenaceum is a shared pathogen of wheat and pea.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Šišić
- Section of Ecological Plant Protection, University of Kassel, 37213 Witzenhausen, Germany;
| | - Jelena Baćanović-Šišić
- Section of Organic Plant Breeding and Agrobiodiversity, University of Kassel, 37213 Witzenhausen, Germany;
| | - Fernanda M. Gamba
- Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agronomy, University of the Oriental Republic of Uruguay (UDELAR), Research Station Dr. M.A. Cassinoni, Ruta 3 K 363, Paysandú 60000, Uruguay;
| | - Maria R. Finckh
- Section of Ecological Plant Protection, University of Kassel, 37213 Witzenhausen, Germany;
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Šišić A, Baćanović-Šišić J, Schmidt H, Finckh MR. Farming system effects on root rot pathogen complex and yield of faba bean ( vicia faba) in Germany. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:1009906. [PMID: 36618659 PMCID: PMC9811268 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1009906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A survey across Germany was undertaken from 2016-2019 to evaluate effects of management system (organic vs conventional), pedo-climatic conditions and crop rotation history on faba bean root health status, diversity of major root rot pathogens and yield. Root rot incidence was generally low and there was no effect of the management system on the spectrum of pathogens isolated. Among the most common fungal species identified, frequencies of Fusarium redolens and Didymella pinodella were significantly higher in roots from organic fields compared with conventional and lower was observed for F. avenaceum, F. tricinctum and F. culmorum. Faba bean roots were colonized at similar rates by F. equiseti and the members of the F. oxysporum (FOSC) and F. solani (FSSC) species complexes in both management systems. Almost no legumes had been grown in the 5-11 years preceding the conventional faba beans surveyed while legumes had almost always been present during this period in the organic fields. This difference in rotational histories between the farming systems led to apparent cropping systems effects on the isolation frequencies of several species. For example, D. pinodella was ubiquitous in organic fields with a high frequency of legumes in the rotations but much rarer and often absent in conventional fields. Pedo-climatic conditions, particularly cool conditions at sowing and plant emergence and/or during the vegetative season favored most of the most prevalent Fusarium species identified in this study. In organic systems, yields correlated negatively with D. pinodella and F. redolens frequencies whereas higher levels of F. tricintum in faba bean roots had a positive correlation with yield. In conventional systems, faba bean yields depended more on the total precipitation before sowing and during the main growing season but were also negatively correlated with the frequencies of FOSC and F. culmorum. Phylogenetic analysis based on the TEF1 alpha locus indicated that the FSSC isolates mainly belonged to the F. pisi lineage. In contrast, the FOSC isolates were placed in 9 different lineages, with a conspicuous dominance of F. libertatis that has until now not been associated with any leguminous host.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Šišić
- Department of Ecological Plant Protection, University of Kassel, Witzenhausen, Germany
| | - Jelena Baćanović-Šišić
- Section of Organic Plant Breeding and Agrobiodiversity, University of Kassel, Witzenhausen, Germany
| | - Harald Schmidt
- Foundation Ecology & Agriculture (SOEL), Ahrweiler, Germany
| | - Maria R. Finckh
- Department of Ecological Plant Protection, University of Kassel, Witzenhausen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Šišić A, Al-Hatmi AMS, Baćanović-Šišić J, Ahmed SA, Dennenmoser D, de Hoog GS, Finckh MR. Two new species of the Fusarium solani species complex isolated from compost and hibiscus (Hibiscus sp.). Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2018; 111:1785-1805. [PMID: 29569107 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-018-1068-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Two new species in the Fusarium solani species complex (FSSC) are described and introduced. The new taxa are represented by German isolates CBS 142481 and CBS 142480 collected from commercial yard waste compost and vascular tissue of a wilting branch of hibiscus, respectively. The phylogenetic relationships of the collected strains to one another and within the FSSC were evaluated based on DNA sequences of 6 gene loci. Due to the limited sequence data available for reference strains in GenBank, however, a multi-gene phylogenetic analysis included partial sequences for the internal transcribed spacer region and intervening 5.8S nrRNA gene (ITS), translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef1) and the RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (rpb2). Morphological and molecular phylogenetic data independently showed that these strains are distinct populations of the FSSC, nested within Clade 3. Thus, we introduce Fusarium stercicola and Fusarium witzenhausenense as novel species in the complex. In addition, 19 plant species of 7 legume genera were evaluated for their potential to host the newly described taxa. Eighteen plant species were successfully colonized, with 6 and 9 of these being symptomatic hosts for F. stercicola and F. witzenhausenense, respectively. As plants of the family Fabaceae are very distant to the originally sourced material from which the new taxa were recovered, our results suggest that F. stercicola and F. witzenhausenense are not host-specific and are ecologically fit to sustain stable populations in variety of habitats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Šišić
- Department of Ecological Plant Protection, University of Kassel, Nordbahnhofstr. 1a, 37213, Witzenhausen, Germany.
| | - Abdullah M S Al-Hatmi
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Centre of Expertise in Mycology, Radboud University Medical Centre/Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health, Ibri Hospital, Ibri, Oman
| | - Jelena Baćanović-Šišić
- Department of Organic Plant Breeding and Agrobiodiversity, University of Kassel, Witzenhausen, Germany
| | - Sarah A Ahmed
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Dominic Dennenmoser
- Department of Organic Plant Breeding and Agrobiodiversity, University of Kassel, Witzenhausen, Germany
| | - G Sybren de Hoog
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Centre of Expertise in Mycology, Radboud University Medical Centre/Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Basic Pathology Department, Federal University of Paraná State, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Maria R Finckh
- Department of Ecological Plant Protection, University of Kassel, Nordbahnhofstr. 1a, 37213, Witzenhausen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Šišić A, Baćanović-Šišić J, Karlovsky P, Wittwer R, Walder F, Campiglia E, Radicetti E, Friberg H, Baresel JP, Finckh MR. Roots of symptom-free leguminous cover crop and living mulch species harbor diverse Fusarium communities that show highly variable aggressiveness on pea (Pisum sativum). PLoS One 2018; 13:e0191969. [PMID: 29444142 PMCID: PMC5812582 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Leguminous cover crop and living mulch species show not only great potential for providing multiple beneficial services to agro-ecosystems, but may also present pathological risks for other crops in rotations through shared pathogens, especially those of the genus Fusarium. Disease severity on roots of subterranean clover, white clover, winter and summer vetch grown as cover crop and living mulch species across five European sites as well as the frequency, distribution and aggressiveness to pea of Fusarium spp. recovered from the roots were assessed in 2013 and 2014. Disease symptoms were very low at all sites. Nevertheless, out of 1480 asymptomatic roots, 670 isolates of 14 Fusarium spp. were recovered. The most frequently isolated species in both years from all hosts were F. oxysporum and F. avenaceum accounting for 69% of total isolation percentage. They were common at the Swiss, Italian and German sites, whereas at the Swedish site F. oxysporum dominated and F. avenaceum occurred only rarely. The agressiveness and effect on pea biomass were tested in greenhouse assays for 72 isolates of six Fusarium species. Isolates of F. avenaceum caused severe root rot symptoms with mean severity index (DI) of 82 and 74% mean biomass reduction compared to the non-inoculated control. Fusarium oxysporum and F. solani isolates were higly variable in agressiveness and their impact on pea biomass. DI varied between 15 and 50 and biomass changes relative to the non-inoculated control -40% to +10%. Isolates of F. tricinctum, F. acuminatum and F. equiseti were non to weakly agressive often enhancing pea biomass. This study shows that some of the major pea pathogens are characterized by high ecological plasticity and have the ability to endophytically colonize the hosts studied that thus may serve as inoculum reservoir for susceptible main legume grain crops such as pea.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Šišić
- Department of Ecological Plant Protection, University of Kassel, Witzenhausen, Germany
| | - Jelena Baćanović-Šišić
- Section of Organic Plant Breeding and Agrobiodiversity, University of Kassel, Witzenhausen, Germany
| | - Petr Karlovsky
- Department of Molecular Phytopathology and Mycotoxin Research, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Raphaël Wittwer
- Plant-Soil-Interactions Group, Institute for Sustainability Science, Agroscope, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Florian Walder
- Plant-Soil-Interactions Group, Institute for Sustainability Science, Agroscope, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Enio Campiglia
- Department of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences (DAFNE), University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Emanuele Radicetti
- Department of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences (DAFNE), University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Hanna Friberg
- Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jörg Peter Baresel
- Institute for Plant Nutrition, Center of Life and Food Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University Munich, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Maria R. Finckh
- Department of Ecological Plant Protection, University of Kassel, Witzenhausen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Šišić A, Baćanović-Šišić J, Al-Hatmi AMS, Karlovsky P, Ahmed SA, Maier W, de Hoog GS, Finckh MR. The 'forma specialis' issue in Fusarium: A case study in Fusarium solani f. sp. pisi. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1252. [PMID: 29352160 PMCID: PMC5775210 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19779-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The Fusarium solani species complex (FSSC) has been studied intensively but its association with legumes, particularly under European agro-climatic conditions, is still poorly understood. In the present study, we investigated phylogenetic relationships and aggressiveness of 79 isolates of the FSSC collected from pea, subterranean clover, white clover and winter vetch grown under diverse agro-climatic and soil conditions within Temperate and Mediterranean Europe. The isolates were characterized by sequencing tef1 and rpb2 loci and by greenhouse aggressiveness assays. The majority of the isolates belonged to two lineages: the F. pisi comb. nov. lineage (formerly F. solani f. sp. pisi) mainly accommodating German and Swiss isolates, and the Fusisporium (Fusarium) solani lineage accommodating mainly Italian isolates. Based on the results of aggressiveness tests on pea, most of the isolates were classified as weakly to moderately aggressive. In addition, using one model strain, 62 accessions of 10 legume genera were evaluated for their potential to host F. pisi, the species known mainly as a pathogen of pea. A total of 58 accessions were colonized, with 25 of these being asymptomatic hosts. These results suggest a broad host range for F. pisi and challenge the forma specialis naming system in Fusarium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Šišić
- Department of Ecological Plant Protection, University of Kassel, Witzenhausen, Germany.
| | - Jelena Baćanović-Šišić
- Department of Organic Plant Breeding and Agrobiodiversity, University of Kassel, Witzenhausen, Germany
| | - Abdullah M S Al-Hatmi
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Centre of Expertise in Mycology Radboud University Medical Centre/ Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health, Ibri Hospital, Ibri, Oman
| | - Petr Karlovsky
- Department of Molecular Phytopathology and Mycotoxin Research, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sarah A Ahmed
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Wolfgang Maier
- Julius Kühn-Institut, Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Epidemiology and Pathogen Diagnostics, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - G Sybren de Hoog
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Centre of Expertise in Mycology Radboud University Medical Centre/ Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Basic Pathology Department, Federal University of Paraná State, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Maria R Finckh
- Department of Ecological Plant Protection, University of Kassel, Witzenhausen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|