Regional Research-Practice-Policy Partnerships in Response to Climate-Related Disparities: Promoting Health Equity in the Pacific

Although climate change poses a threat to health and well-being globally, a regional approach to addressing climate-related health equity may be more suitable, appropriate, and appealing to under-resourced communities and countries. In support of this argument, this commentary describes an approach by a network of researchers, practitioners, and policymakers dedicated to promoting climate-related health equity in Small Island Developing States and low- and middle-income countries in the Pacific. We identify three primary sets of needs related to developing a regional capacity to address physical and mental health disparities through research, training, and assistance in policy and practice implementation: (1) limited healthcare facilities and qualified medical and mental health providers; (2) addressing the social impacts related to the cooccurrence of natural hazards, disease outbreaks, and complex emergencies; and (3) building the response capacity and resilience to climate-related extreme weather events and natural hazards.

Effects of Ethnic Classification on Substantive Findings in Adolescent Mental Health Outcomes

Although most adolescents are healthy, epidemiological studies show that a significant number experience mental health challenges, and that Indigenous and ethnic minority youth tend to have poorer mental health outcomes. However, ethnic classification in adolescence is complex due to increasing multi-ethnic identification, and little is known about how different classification methods affect research conclusions. This study used a nationally representative adolescent sample from Aotearoa New Zealand (N = 8275; ages 12–18; 55% female; 32% multi-ethnic) to investigate the effects that five ethnic classification methods have on substantive findings in three mental health outcomes: overall psychosocial difficulties, deliberate self-harm, and suicide attempts. The results showed that, depending on the classification method used, reported outcomes within the same nominal ethnic group varied by an effect size (d) of up to 0.12, and the reported magnitude of difference between nominal ethnic groups varied by an effect size (d) of up to 0.25. These effects are substantial given that they are solely due to a change in method. The impact that ethnic classification method has on substantive findings highlights the importance of criticality and transparency in research involving ethnicity data.

Young Pacifican suicide attempts: a review of emergency department medical records, Auckland, New Zealand

The aim of this study was to describe the population of Pacific young people in the Auckland region who were treated at Emergency Departments as a result of a suicide attempt. Data collection involved a review of Auckland regional public hospital Emergency Department (ED) medical records of Pacific young people (16-25 years) who made suicide attempts from 01 January 1999-31 December 1999. A total of 56 records were reviewed. Results indicated that: 71% were young Pacific females and 29% were young Pacific males; just over half identified as Samoan; 19 year olds presented more than any other age group between the ages of 16-25 years; 43% were employed; the highest month recorded for presentations was June; there was a low incidence of attempts between midnight and 6 am; the most common method used was poisonings by solid or liquid solids; the majority of attempts were at home; 62% were not under the influence of alcohol or illegal drugs; and 85% were given a post-discharge treatment plan. This study is an attempt to provide information to enhance health outcomes and inform future mental health service delivery for Pacific young people in New Zealand.