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Schmitz KH, Chongaway A, Saeed A, Fontana T, Wood K, Gibson S, Trilk J, Adsul P, Baker S. An initiative to implement a triage and referral system to make exercise and rehabilitation referrals standard of care in oncology. Support Care Cancer 2024; 32:259. [PMID: 38561546 PMCID: PMC10984878 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-024-08457-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical guidelines suggest that patients should be referred to exercise while undergoing cancer treatment. Oncology clinicians report being supportive of exercise referrals but not having the time to make referrals. Toward the goal of making exercise referrals standard of care, we implemented and evaluated a novel clinical workflow. METHODS For this QI project, a rehabilitation navigator was inserted in chemotherapy infusion clinics. Patients were offered a validated electronic triage survey. Exercise or rehabilitation recommendations were communicated to patients during a brief counseling visit by the rehabilitation navigator. The implementation approach was guided by the EPIS framework. Acceptability and feasibility were assessed. RESULTS Initial meetings with nursing and cancer center leadership ensured buy-in (exploration). The education of medical assistants contributed to the adoption of the triage process (preparation). Audit and feedback ensured leadership was aware of medical assistants' performance (implementation). 100% of medical assistants participated in implementing the triage tool. A total of 587 patients visited the infusion clinics during the 6-month period when this QI project was conducted. Of these, 501 (85.3%) were offered the triage survey and 391 (78%) completed the survey (acceptability). A total of 176 (45%) of triaged patients accepted a referral to exercise or rehabilitation interventions (feasibility). CONCLUSIONS Implementation of a validated triage tool by medical assistants and brief counseling by a rehabilitation navigator resulted in 45% of infusion patients accepting a referral to exercise or rehabilitation. The triage process showed promise for making exercise referrals standard of care for patients undergoing cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn H Schmitz
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, School of Medicine, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, 580 S. Aiken Ave, Suite 610, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232, USA.
| | - Andrew Chongaway
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, School of Medicine, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, 580 S. Aiken Ave, Suite 610, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232, USA
| | - Anwaar Saeed
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, School of Medicine, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, 580 S. Aiken Ave, Suite 610, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232, USA
| | - Toni Fontana
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, School of Medicine, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, 580 S. Aiken Ave, Suite 610, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232, USA
| | - Kelley Wood
- ReVital Cancer Rehabilitation, Select Medical, Mechanicsburg, PA, USA
| | - Susan Gibson
- Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jennifer Trilk
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Greenville, SC, USA
| | - Prajakta Adsul
- Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Preventive Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cancer Control and Population Sciences Research Program, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Stephen Baker
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, School of Medicine, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, 580 S. Aiken Ave, Suite 610, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232, USA
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Rea B, Johnson P, Clayton J, Shetty P, Worthman S, Alexander M, Trilk J. Lifestyle Medicine Education: Essential Component of Family Medicine. J Fam Pract 2022; 71:S66-S70. [PMID: 35389848 DOI: 10.12788/jfp.0273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Paulina Shetty
- American College of Lifestyle Medicine, Chesterfield, MO
| | | | | | - Jennifer Trilk
- University of South Carolina School of Medicine Greenville, Greenville, SC
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Trilk J, Nelson L, Briggs A, Muscato D. Including Lifestyle Medicine in Medical Education: Rationale for American College of Preventive Medicine/American Medical Association Resolution 959. Am J Prev Med 2019; 56:e169-e175. [PMID: 31003604 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2018.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Introduced by the American College of Preventive Medicine and released by the American Medical Association House of Delegates in 2017, Resolution 959 (I-17) supports policies and mechanisms that incentivize and/or provide funding for the inclusion of lifestyle medicine education and social determinants of health in undergraduate, graduate and continuing medical education. Resolution 959 was passed to help address the current healthcare costs of lifestyle-related, noncommunicable chronic diseases that exert a devastating economic burden on the U.S. healthcare system. Approximately 86% of $2.9 trillion is spent annually on obesity, cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and some cancers, with very poor return on investment for health outcomes. Lifestyle medicine provides an evidence-based solution to the noncommunicable chronic disease epidemic; however, medical education in lifestyle medicine is minimal to nonexistent. This paper provides the case for healthcare innovation to include lifestyle medicine in the prevention and treatment of noncommunicable chronic diseases. Our medical education system recommendation is to provide lifestyle medicine training for prevention and treatment of noncommunicable chronic diseases. Exemplar lifestyle medicine schools are showcased and guidance for reform is highlighted that can be used to aid lifestyle medicine integration across the medical school education continuum. With a transformation of curriculum and development of new policies to support a focus on lifestyle medicine education in medical education across the continuum, a new healthcare model could be successful against noncommunicable chronic diseases and U.S. citizen wellness could become a reality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Trilk
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of South Carolina School of Medicine Greenville, Greenville, South Carolina.
| | - Leah Nelson
- Western University of Health Sciences College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific-Northwest, Lebanon, Oregon
| | - Avery Briggs
- Western University of Health Sciences College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific-Northwest, Lebanon, Oregon
| | - Dennis Muscato
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Science Leadership, Western University of Health Sciences College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific-Northwest, Lebanon, Oregon
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Sallis RE, Matuszak JM, Baggish AL, Franklin BA, Chodzko-Zajko W, Fletcher BJ, Gregory A, Joy E, Matheson G, McBride P, Puffer JC, Trilk J, Williams J. Call to Action on Making Physical Activity Assessment and Prescription a Medical Standard of Care. Curr Sports Med Rep 2016; 15:207-14. [DOI: 10.1249/jsr.0000000000000249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Pojednic RM, Trilk J, Phillips EM. Lifestyle Medicine Curricula: An Initiative to Include Lifestyle Medicine in Our Nation's Medical Schools. Acad Med 2015; 90:840-841. [PMID: 26414051 DOI: 10.1097/acm.0000000000000744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rachele M Pojednic
- Research fellow, Institute of Lifestyle Medicine, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; . Clinical assistant professor, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Greenville, South Carolina. Director, Institute of Lifestyle Medicine, Joslin Diabetes Center, and assistant professor, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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Stasi SM, Stoutenberg M, Stamatakis E, Trilk J, Danek D, Dufour T, Blair SN. A Current Assessment of Physical Activity Training within Medical School. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2015. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000477487.67124.8e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Phillips E, Pojednic R, Polak R, Bush J, Trilk J. Including lifestyle medicine in undergraduate medical curricula. Med Educ Online 2015; 20:26150. [PMID: 25652118 PMCID: PMC4317469 DOI: 10.3402/meo.v20.26150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Revised: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Currently, there is no model to integrate the discipline of lifestyle medicine (LM) into undergraduate medical education. Furthermore, there are no guidelines, validated assessment tools, or evaluation or implementation plans in place. BACKGROUND The World Health Organization predicts that by 2020, two-thirds of disease worldwide will be the result of poor lifestyle choices. Fewer than 50% of US primary care physicians routinely provide specific guidance on nutrition, physical activity, or weight control. METHODS We are establishing a plan to integrate LM into medical school education in collaboration with the investing stakeholders, including medical school deans and students, medical curriculum developers and researchers, medical societies, governing bodies, and policy institutes. Three planning and strategy meetings are being held to address key areas of focus - with a particular interest in nutrition, physical activity, student self-care, and behavior change - to develop specific implementation guidelines and landmarks. RESULTS After the first two meetings, the proposed areas of focus were determined to be: 1) supporting of deans and key personnel, 2) creation of federal and state policy commitments, 3) use of assessment as a driver of LM, 4) provision of high-quality evidence-based curricular material on an easily navigated site, and 5) engaging student interest. Implementation strategies for each focus area will be addressed in an upcoming planning meeting in early 2015. CONCLUSION This initiative is expected to have important public health implications by efficiently promoting the prevention and treatment of non-communicable chronic disease with a scalable and sustainable model to educate physicians in training and practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Phillips
- Institute of Lifestyle Medicine, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rachele Pojednic
- Institute of Lifestyle Medicine, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rani Polak
- Institute of Lifestyle Medicine, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Jennifer Trilk
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of South Carolina School of Medicine Greenville, Greenville, SC, USA;
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McBurney J, Trilk J, Warner B, Hendry W. 22A. Neurogenesis: Implications for Integrative Care of Neurological Conditions. Glob Adv Health Med 2013. [PMCID: PMC3875010 DOI: 10.7453/gahmj.2013.097cp.s22a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Focus Area: Integrative Approaches to Care Chronic neurological illnesses such as Alzheimer's Disease are the most pressing public health problems in aging societies. Biomedical and mechanistic approaches to these degenerative conditions are limited by incomplete knowledge of the initiating causes and basic mechanisms of pathogenesis. Proposed treatments such as monoclonal antibodies are built on disputed notions of the role of pathological markers such as cerebral amyloid. They are unproven and likely to be very expensive, especially if used for millions of affected or at-risk individuals. Integrative approaches emphasize multimodal, holistic approach to support the body's self-healing abilities. This approach offers a safe, effective, and cost-effective alternative to conventional biomedical treatments. There is growing evidence that neurogenesis, the birth of new neurons from neural stem cells, occurs under normal physiological conditions throughout life. The key steps in this process are under positive and negative modulation by environmental and behavioral factors. Effective management of these conditions and, indeed, prevention in populations is dependent on promoting modulatory influences that support neurogenesis and avoiding and mitigating those influences that negatively affect neurogenesis. In this session, we will hear from an interprofessional team consisting of a neurologist, an exercise physiologist, a psychotherapist and mind-body practitioner, and a traditional Chinese medicine physician who are actively developing integrative approaches to these problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- John McBurney
- University of South Carolina School of Medicine Greenville College of Medicine, United States
| | - Jennifer Trilk
- University of South Carolina School of Medicine Greenville College of Medicine, United States
| | - Barbara Warner
- Clemson University, Clemson SC USA, Hodges, South Carolina, United States
| | - William Hendry
- Greenville Hospital System Center for Integrative Oncology Services; Oriental Medicine Associates, South Carolina, United States
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Kim
- Korea National Sport University Seoul
| | - N. Lee
- Korea National Sport University Seoul
| | | | | | | | - M. Lee
- Korea National Sport University Seoul
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Bornstein D, Trilk J, Pate R. Postprandial Lipemia and Physical Activity in Youth: Recommendations for Future Research and Implications for Policy. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2011. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000402258.89344.c3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Millard-Stafford ML, Cureton KJ, Wingo JE, Trilk J, Warren GL, Buyckx M. Hydration during Exercise in Warm, Humid Conditions: Effect of a Caffeinated Sports Drink. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab 2007; 17:163-77. [PMID: 17507741 DOI: 10.1123/ijsnem.17.2.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Caffeine is regarded as a diuretic despite evidence that hydration is not impaired with habitual ingestion. The purpose of this study was to determine whether a caffeinated sports drink impairs fluid delivery and hydration during exercise in warm, humid conditions (28.5 °C, 60% relative humidity). Sixteen cyclists completed 3 trials: placebo (P), carbohydrate-electrolyte (CE), and caffeinated (195 mg/L) sports drink (CAF+CE). Subjects cycled for 120 min at 60–75%VO2max followed by 15 min of maximal-effort cycling. Heart rate and rectal temperature were similar until the final 15 min, when these responses and exercise intensity were higher with CAF+CE than with CE and P. Sweat rate, urine output, plasma-volume losses, serum electrolytes, and blood deuterium-oxide accumulation were not different. Serum osmolality was higher with CAF+CE vs. P but not CE. The authors conclude that CAF+CE appears as rapidly in blood as CE and maintains hydration and sustains cardiovascular and thermoregulatory function as well as CE during exercise in a warm, humid environment.
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Cureton KJ, Warren GL, Millard-Stafford ML, Wingo JE, Trilk J, Buyckx M. Caffeinated Sports Drink: Ergogenic Effects and Possible Mechanisms. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab 2007; 17:35-55. [PMID: 17460332 DOI: 10.1123/ijsnem.17.1.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This double-blind experiment examined the effects of a caffeinated sports drink during prolonged cycling in a warm environment. Sixteen highly trained cyclists completed 3 trials: placebo, carbohydrate-electrolyte sports drink (CES), and caffeinated sports drink (CES+CAF). Subjects cycled for 135 min, alternating between 60% and 75% VO2max every 15 min for the first 120 min, followed by a 15-min performance ride. Maximal voluntary (MVC) and electrically evoked contractile properties of the knee extensors were measured before and after cycling. Work completed during the performance ride was 15–23% greater for CES+CAF than for the other beverages. Ratings of perceived exertion were lower with CES+CAF than with placebo and CES. After cycling, the MVC strength loss was two-thirds less for CES+CAF than for the other beverages (5% vs. 15%). Data from the interpolated-twitch technique indicated that attenuated strength loss with CES+CAF was explained by reduced intrinsic muscle fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirk J Cureton
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602-6554, USA
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