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Russavage EM, Hewlett JA, Grunseich JM, Szczepaniec A, Rooney WL, Helms AM, Eubanks MD. Aphid-Induced Volatiles and Subsequent Attraction of Natural Enemies Varies among Sorghum Cultivars. J Chem Ecol 2024:10.1007/s10886-024-01493-y. [PMID: 38647585 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-024-01493-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
The production of herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) is a type of indirect defense used by plants to attract natural enemies and reduce herbivory by insect pests. In many crops little is known about genotypic variation in HIPV production or how this may affect natural enemy attraction. In this study, we identified and quantified HIPVs produced by 10 sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) cultivars infested with a prominent aphid pest, the sorghum aphid (Melanaphis sorghi Theobald). Volatiles were collected using dynamic headspace sampling techniques and identified and quantified using GC-MS. The total amounts of volatiles induced by the aphids did not differ among the 10 cultivars, but overall blends of volatiles differed significantly in composition. Most notably, aphid herbivory induced higher levels of methyl salicylate (MeSA) emission in two cultivars, whereas in four cultivars, the volatile emissions did not change in response to aphid infestation. Dual-choice olfactometer assays were used to determine preference of the aphid parasitoid, Aphelinus nigritus, and predator, Chrysoperla rufilabris, between plants of the same cultivar that were un-infested or infested with aphids. Two aphid-infested cultivars were preferred by natural enemies, while four other cultivars were more attractive to natural enemies when they were free of aphids. The remaining four cultivars elicited no response from parasitoids. Our work suggests that genetic variation in HIPV emissions greatly affects parasitoid and predator attraction to aphid-infested sorghum and that screening crop cultivars for specific predator and parasitoid attractants has the potential to improve the efficacy of biological control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily M Russavage
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, 2475 TAMU, College Station, 77843, TX, USA.
| | - Jeremy A Hewlett
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, 2475 TAMU, College Station, 77843, TX, USA
| | - John M Grunseich
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, 2475 TAMU, College Station, 77843, TX, USA
| | - Adrianna Szczepaniec
- Department of Agricultural Biology, Colorado State University, 1177 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - William L Rooney
- Department of Soil and Crop Science, Texas A&M University, 405 Turk Rd, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Anjel M Helms
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, 2475 TAMU, College Station, 77843, TX, USA
| | - Micky D Eubanks
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, 2475 TAMU, College Station, 77843, TX, USA
- Department of Agricultural Biology, Colorado State University, 1177 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
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Kjeldgaard MK, Hewlett JA, Eubanks MD. Widespread variation in stable isotope trophic position estimates: patterns, causes, and potential consequences. ECOL MONOGR 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ecm.1451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jeremy A. Hewlett
- Department of Entomology Texas A&M University College Station Texas 77843 USA
| | - Micky D. Eubanks
- Department of Entomology Texas A&M University College Station Texas 77843 USA
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