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Freitag K, Brooke R, Nilsson M, Åhlin J, Beni V, Andersson Ersman P. Screen Printed Reflective Electrochromic Displays for Paper and Other Opaque Substrates. ACS Appl Opt Mater 2023; 1:578-586. [PMID: 36872937 PMCID: PMC9973558 DOI: 10.1021/acsaom.2c00140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Paper electronics is a viable alternative to traditional electronics, leading to more sustainable electronics. Many challenges still require solutions before paper electronics become mainstream. Here, we present a solution to enable the manufacturing of reflective all-printed organic electrochromic displays (OECDs) on paper substrates; devices that are usually printed on transparent substrates, for example, plastics. In order to operate on opaque paper substrates, an architecture for reversely printed OECDs (rOECDs) is developed. In this architecture, the electrochromic layer is printed as the last functional layer and can therefore be viewed from the print side. Square shaped 1 cm2 rOECDs are successfully screen printed on paper, with a high manufacturing yield exceeding 99%, switching times <3 s and high color contrast (ΔE* > 27). Approximately 60% of the color is retained after 15 min in open-circuit mode. Compared to the conventional screen printed OECD architectures, the rOECDs recover approximately three times faster from storage in a dry environment, which is particularly important in systems where storage in low humidity atmosphere is required, for example, in many biosensing applications. Finally, a more complex rOECD with 9 individually addressable segments is successfully screen printed and demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Freitag
- RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Digital Systems, Smart Hardware, Printed, Bio- and Organic Electronics, Bredgatan 33, SE-60221 Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Robert Brooke
- RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Digital Systems, Smart Hardware, Printed, Bio- and Organic Electronics, Bredgatan 33, SE-60221 Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Marie Nilsson
- RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Digital Systems, Smart Hardware, Printed, Bio- and Organic Electronics, Bredgatan 33, SE-60221 Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Jessica Åhlin
- RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Digital Systems, Smart Hardware, Printed, Bio- and Organic Electronics, Bredgatan 33, SE-60221 Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Valerio Beni
- RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Digital Systems, Smart Hardware, Printed, Bio- and Organic Electronics, Bredgatan 33, SE-60221 Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Peter Andersson Ersman
- RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Digital Systems, Smart Hardware, Printed, Bio- and Organic Electronics, Bredgatan 33, SE-60221 Norrköping, Sweden
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