1
|
Vasconcelos JCD, Siqueira IBD, Maia FFR, Parisi MCR, Zantut-Wittmann DE. Influence of thyroid hormone in the expression of the marker pro-apoptosis BID, in spite of the predominance of anti-apoptosis activation in intratiroidal lymphocytic infiltration in Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2021; 537:111421. [PMID: 34389447 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2021.111421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Cell destruction in Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) involves autoantibodies and cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Thyrocytes maintenance occurs by pro-apoptotic, anti-apoptotic and cell proliferation balance. OBJECTIVES To characterize factors related to the mechanisms of apoptosis and cell proliferation in thyroid cells and intrathyroid lymphocytic infiltrate in HT. METHODS We assessed lymphocytic infiltrate and thyroid cells from HT and normal thyroid by immunohistochemical analysis of cell proliferation (Ki-67), antiproliferation (p27Kip1), pro-apoptosis (Fas, Fas-ligand, BID) and anti-apoptosis (MCL-1, BCL2) markers. RESULTS Lymphocytic infiltrate presented BCL2 and MCL-1 higher expression, Ki-67 and p27kip1 balance. Thyrocytes exhibited Fas and FasL balance, higher BID expression; MCL-1, BCL-2, Ki-67 similar to the normal thyroid. T4 and higher lymphocytes BID expression were associated. CONCLUSIONS In lymphocytic infiltrate predominated anti-apoptosis in relation to pro-apoptosis except for BID. Thyrocytes presented pro-apoptosis and anti-apoptosis balance and cell proliferation similar to normal thyroid. T4-associated BID expression in HT lymphocytes suggests the influence of thyroid hormone as a signal to up-regulate the BID pro-apoptotic protein and thus increase lymphocytic apoptosis rates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Castro de Vasconcelos
- Endocrinology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Maria Cândida Ribeiro Parisi
- Endocrinology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Trindade M, Castro de Vasconcelos J, Ayub G, Grupenmacher AT, Gomes Huarachi DR, Viturino M, Correa-Giannella ML, Atala YB, Zantut-Wittmann DE, Parisi MC, Alves M. Ocular Manifestations and Neuropathy in Type 2 Diabetes Patients With Charcot Arthropathy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:585823. [PMID: 33967949 PMCID: PMC8097086 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.585823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Diabetes can affect the eye in many ways beyond retinopathy. This study sought to evaluate ocular disease and determine any associations with peripheral neuropathy (PN) or cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) in type 2 diabetes (T2D) and Charcot arthropathy (CA) patients. DESIGN A total of 60 participants were included, 16 of whom were individuals with T2D/CA, 21 of whom were individuals with T2D who did not have CA, and 23 of whom were healthy controls. Ocular surface evaluations were performed, and cases of dry eye disease (DED) were determined using the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire, ocular surface staining, Schirmer test, and Oculus Keratograph 5M exams. All variables were used to classify DED and ocular surface disorders such as aqueous deficiency, lipid deficiency, inflammation, and ocular surface damage. Pupillary and retinal nerve fiber measurements were added to the protocol in order to broaden the scope of the neurosensory ocular evaluation. PN and CAN were ascertained by clinical examinations involving the Neuropathy Disability Score (for PN) and Ewing's battery (for CAN). RESULTS Most ocular variables evaluated herein differed significantly between T2D patients and controls. When the controls were respectively compared to patients with T2D and to patients with both T2D and CA, they differed substantially in terms of visual acuity (0.92 ± 0.11, 0.73 ± 0.27, and 0.47 ± 0.26, p=0.001), retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (96.83 ± 6.91, 89.25 ± 10.44, and 80.37 ± 11.67 µm, p=0.03), pupillometry results (4.10 ± 0.61, 3.48 ± 0.88, and 2.75 ± 0.81 mm, p=0.0001), and dry eye symptoms (9.19 ± 11.71, 19.83 ± 19.08, and 24.82 ± 24.40, p=0.03). DED and ocular surface damage also differed between individuals with and without CA, and were associated with PN and CAN. CONCLUSION CA was found to be significantly associated with the severity of ocular findings. DED in cases of CA was also associated with PN and CAN. These findings suggest that intrinsic and complex neurosensory impairment in the eyes, peripheral sensory nerves, and the autonomic nervous system are somehow connected. Thus, a thorough ocular evaluation may be useful to highlight neurological complications and the impact of diabetes on ocular and systemic functions and structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marilia Trindade
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Marilia Trindade,
| | - Jessica Castro de Vasconcelos
- Endocrinology Division, Department of Internal Medicine (Endocrinology), School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Ayub
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alex Treiger Grupenmacher
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Delma Regina Gomes Huarachi
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marina Viturino
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Lucia Correa-Giannella
- Programa de Pos-Graduação em Medicina, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, Brazil
- Laboratório de Carboidratos e Radioimunoensaio (LIM-18), Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Yeelen Ballesteros Atala
- Endocrinology Division, Department of Internal Medicine (Endocrinology), School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Denise Engelbrecht Zantut-Wittmann
- Endocrinology Division, Department of Internal Medicine (Endocrinology), School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Candida Parisi
- Endocrinology Division, Department of Internal Medicine (Endocrinology), School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Monica Alves
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
de Vasconcelos JC, Barreto IS, Matos PS, Maia FFR, Tambascia MA, Parisi MCR, Zantut-Wittmann DE. Value of Apoptotic, Antiapoptotic, and Cell Proliferation Markers in the Treatment of Graves' Disease. Int J Endocrinol 2018; 2018:3171280. [PMID: 30018638 PMCID: PMC6029459 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3171280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
To better understand the genesis of autoimmunity in Graves' disease (GD), it is essential to study the mechanism of apoptosis and cell proliferation in thyroid cells and intrathyroidal lymphocytic infiltrate of GD patients. Methods. A cross sectional, observational study performed by evaluating histopathological samples of thyroidectomy products from GD patients using immunohistochemistry. New histological sections were prepared for immunohistochemical analysis with markers of cell proliferation, antiproliferation, apoptosis, and antiapoptosis. Results. Patients with GD who underwent radioiodine therapy (RIT) had a lower lymphocytic expression level of p27Kip1, and those who took beta-blockers had higher expression levels of BID (BH3-interacting domain) and a lower Ki-67 expression level in thyrocytes than those who did not. The association of a shorter diagnostic time with a lower expression level of MCL-1 in thyroid cells suggests that the hyperthyroid state was related to a lower antiapoptotic effect on thyrocytes. In comparison to patients with GD not using antithyroid drugs (ATD), we found a lower expression level of BID in lymphocytes for those who used ATD. Conclusion. In GD, the hyperthyroid state was associated with a lower antiapoptotic effect on thyroid cells. RIT, beta-blockers, and thionamide act by stimulating apoptosis of thyrocytes by intrathyroidal lymphocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Icléia Siqueira Barreto
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Sabino Matos
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Marcos Antônio Tambascia
- Endocrinology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | | |
Collapse
|