1
|
Venturini G, Alvim JM, Padilha K, Toepfer CN, Gorham JM, Wasson LK, Biagi D, Schenkman S, Carvalho VM, Salgueiro JS, Cardozo KHM, Krieger JE, Pereira AC, Seidman JG, Seidman CE. Cardiomyocyte infection by Trypanosoma cruzi promotes innate immune response and glycolysis activation. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1098457. [PMID: 36814444 PMCID: PMC9940271 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1098457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Chagas cardiomyopathy, a disease caused by Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi) infection, is a major contributor to heart failure in Latin America. There are significant gaps in our understanding of the mechanism for infection of human cardiomyocytes, the pathways activated during the acute phase of the disease, and the molecular changes that lead to the progression of cardiomyopathy. Methods To investigate the effects of T. cruzi on human cardiomyocytes during infection, we infected induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CM) with the parasite and analyzed cellular, molecular, and metabolic responses at 3 hours, 24 hours, and 48 hours post infection (hpi) using transcriptomics (RNAseq), proteomics (LC-MS), and metabolomics (GC-MS and Seahorse) analyses. Results Analyses of multiomic data revealed that cardiomyocyte infection caused a rapid increase in genes and proteins related to activation innate and adaptive immune systems and pathways, including alpha and gamma interferons, HIF-1α signaling, and glycolysis. These responses resemble prototypic responses observed in pathogen-activated immune cells. Infection also caused an activation of glycolysis that was dependent on HIF-1α signaling. Using gene editing and pharmacological inhibitors, we found that T. cruzi uptake was mediated in part by the glucose-facilitated transporter GLUT4 and that the attenuation of glycolysis, HIF-1α activation, or GLUT4 expression decreased T. cruzi infection. In contrast, pre-activation of pro-inflammatory immune responses with LPS resulted in increased infection rates. Conclusion These findings suggest that T. cruzi exploits a HIF-1α-dependent, cardiomyocyte-intrinsic stress-response activation of glycolysis to promote intracellular infection and replication. These chronic immuno-metabolic responses by cardiomyocytes promote dysfunction, cell death, and the emergence of cardiomyopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Venturini
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States,Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliana M. Alvim
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kallyandra Padilha
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Christopher N. Toepfer
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom,Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Joshua M. Gorham
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Lauren K. Wasson
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | | | - Sergio Schenkman
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Jose E. Krieger
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexandre C. Pereira
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States,Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Christine E. Seidman
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, United States,*Correspondence: Christine E. Seidman,
| |
Collapse
|