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Salem K, Jabalera Y, Puentes-Pardo JD, Vilchez-Garcia J, Sayari A, Hmida-Sayari A, Jimenez-Lopez C, Perduca M. Enzyme Storage and Recycling: Nanoassemblies of α-Amylase and Xylanase Immobilized on Biomimetic Magnetic Nanoparticles. ACS Sustain Chem Eng 2021; 9:4054-4063. [PMID: 35070520 PMCID: PMC8765010 DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.0c08300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Immobilization of enzymes has been extensively required in a wide variety of industrial applications as a way to ensure functionality and the potential of enzyme recycling after use. In particular, enzyme immobilization on magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) could offer reusability by means of magnetic recovery and concentration, along with increased stability and robust activity of the enzyme under different physicochemical conditions. In the present work, microbial α-amylase (AmyKS) and xylanase (XAn11) were both immobilized on different types of MNPs [MamC-mediated biomimetic MNPs (BMNPs) and inorganic MNPs] by using two different strategies (electrostatic interaction and covalent bond). AmyKS immobilization was successful using electrostatic interaction with BMNPs. Instead, the best strategy to immobilize XAn11 was using MNPs through the hetero-crosslinker 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC) and N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS). The immobilization protocols were optimized by varying glutaraldehyde (GA) concentration, enzyme quantity, and reaction time. Under optimal conditions, 92% of AmyKS and 87% of XAn11 were immobilized on BMNPs and MNPs-E/N, respectively (here referred as AmyKS-BMNPs and XAn11-MNPs nanoassemblies). The results show that the immobilization of the enzymes did not extensively alter their functionality and increased enzyme stability compared to that of the free enzyme upon storage at 4 and 20 °C. Interestingly, the immobilized amylase and xylanase were reused for 15 and 8 cycles, respectively, without significant loss of activity upon magnetic recovery of the nanoassemblies. The results suggest the great potential of these nanoassemblies in bioindustry applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karima Salem
- Centre
de Biotechnologie de Sfax (CBS), Université
de Sfax, Route de Sidi Mansour Km 6, BP “1177”, 3018 Sfax, Tunisie
| | - Ylenia Jabalera
- Departamento
de Microbiologia, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Jose David Puentes-Pardo
- Departamento
de Microbiologia, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Jesus Vilchez-Garcia
- Departamento
de Microbiologia, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Adel Sayari
- ENIS,
Université de Sfax, BP “1173”, 3038 Sfax, Tunisie
| | - Aïda Hmida-Sayari
- Centre
de Biotechnologie de Sfax (CBS), Université
de Sfax, Route de Sidi Mansour Km 6, BP “1177”, 3018 Sfax, Tunisie
| | - Concepcion Jimenez-Lopez
- Departamento
de Microbiologia, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
- . Phone: +34
958249833
| | - Massimiliano Perduca
- Department
of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
- . Phone: +39 0458027984
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Jabalera Y, Sola-Leyva A, Peigneux A, Vurro F, Iglesias GR, Vilchez-Garcia J, Pérez-Prieto I, Aguilar-Troyano FJ, López-Cara LC, Carrasco-Jiménez MP, Jimenez-Lopez C. Biomimetic Magnetic Nanocarriers Drive Choline Kinase Alpha Inhibitor inside Cancer Cells for Combined Chemo-Hyperthermia Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:E408. [PMID: 31408964 PMCID: PMC6722936 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11080408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Choline kinase α1 (ChoKα1) has become an excellent antitumor target. Among all the inhibitors synthetized, the new compound Ff35 shows an excellent capacity to inhibit ChoKα1 activity. However, soluble Ff35 is also capable of inhibiting choline uptake, making the inhibitor not selective for ChoKα1. In this study, we designed a new protocol with the aim of disentangling whether the Ff35 biological action is due to the inhibition of the enzyme and/or to the choline uptake. Moreover, we offer an alternative to avoid the inhibition of choline uptake caused by Ff35, since the coupling of Ff35 to novel biomimetic magnetic nanoparticles (BMNPs) allows it to enter the cell through endocytosis without interacting with the choline transporter. This opens the possibility of a clinical use of Ff35. Our results indicate that Ff35-BMNPs nanoassemblies increase the selectivity of Ff35 and have an antiproliferative effect. Also, we demonstrate the effectiveness of the tandem Ff35-BMNPs and hyperthermia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ylenia Jabalera
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Alberto Sola-Leyva
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Ana Peigneux
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Federica Vurro
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Anatomy and Histology Section, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Guillermo R Iglesias
- Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Jesus Vilchez-Garcia
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Pérez-Prieto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco J Aguilar-Troyano
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus of Cartuja, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Luisa C López-Cara
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus of Cartuja, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - María P Carrasco-Jiménez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
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