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Chen X, Su L, Yang Y, Qv J, Wei T, Cui X, Shao J, Liu S, Xu Z, Zhao B, Miao J. A new activator of esterase D decreases blood cholesterol level through ESD/JAB1/ABCA1 pathway. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:4750-4763. [PMID: 33615471 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Excessively high cholesterol content in the blood leads to nonalcohol fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and arteriosclerosis. Although there are increasing publications and patent applications to lower blood cholesterol with small chemical molecules, limited effective drugs can be available in clinic. It is necessary to uncover new targets and drugs to alleviate high cholesterol. Esterase D (ESD) is abundant in liver and it remains unknown about its role in cholesterol metabolism. Here we reported that small chemical molecule fluorescigenic pyrazoline derivative 5 (FPD5), a new ESD activator, could effectively reverse high blood cholesterol level and prevent fatty liver and arteriosclerosis in apoE-/- mice fed the high-fat diet. We also observed that FPD5 could reduce oxidized low density lipoprotein (oxLDL)-induced formation of foam cells. To further investigate the mechanism of FPD5 action on blood cholesterol modulation, we found that ESD trigged by FPD5 was aggregated in lysosome and interacted with Jun activation domain binding protein 1 (JAB1). ESD served as a deacetylase to remove Thr89 acetylation of JAB1 and increased its activity; thus, promoting the ATP-binding cassette transporters A1 (ABCA1) to accelerate cholesterol efflux. Our findings demonstrate that FPD5 decreases blood cholesterol level to ameliorate NAFLD and arteriosclerosis through ESD/JAB1/ABCA1 pathway, and ESD functions as a novel nonclassical deacetylase that hydrolyzes serine/threonine acetyl group. Our findings not only highlight that FPD5 may be a pioneer drug for alleviating blood cholesterol but also indicate that ESD is a potential drug target that promotes cholesterol metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinpeng Chen
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, P.R. China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Edible Wild Plants Conservation & Utilization, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biology Education, School of Life Science, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, P.R. China
| | - Le Su
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, P.R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Yuejun Yang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Jingyao Qv
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Tiandi Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoling Cui
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Jing Shao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Shuyan Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Zhigang Xu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Baoxiang Zhao
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Junying Miao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, P.R. China.,The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, P.R. China
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Qv J, Chen G, Shen Z, Jiang G, Ding J, Gao W, Chen C. Activation of complement in the discordant heart xenotransplantation of pig-to-monkey model and the impact of intrathymic inoculation of xenogeneic antigen combined with whole-body gamma-radiation. Transplant Proc 2009; 41:3905-8. [PMID: 19917409 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2009.05.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2008] [Revised: 03/15/2009] [Accepted: 05/20/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated changes in complement in discordant heart xenotransplantation using a pig-to-monkey model as well as the impact of intrathymic inoculation (IT) with xenogeneic antigen combined with whole-body gamma-radiation (WBI). METHODS In this experiment, pigs and monkeys selected as donors and recipients, respectively, were randomly divided into three groups: a blank group (group A), a whole-body irradiation group (group B) and an irradiation plus intrathymic injection group (group C). In every group, monkeys underwent heterotopic heart xenotransplantation. RESULTS The results showed that the survival of donor hearts in group C was significantly longer than that of group A (P < .01). In mixed lymphocyte reactions, there was a significant reduction of the stimulation index in group C compared with group A. After xenotransplantation, the level of xenoreactive antibody in group C rose slower than that in group A or group B (P < .01). After rejection, the levels of CD46 and C3 declined greatly. CONCLUSIONS These results suggested that pretreatment with IT and WBI induced T-cell immunosuppression, restraining elicited xenoreactive antibody production of both immunoglobulin M and immunoglobulin G classes. However, it did not hinder complement activation via the classical pathway during hyperacute rejection and consequent xenograft rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Qv
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, ShangHai Pulmonary hospital, TongJi University, ShangHai, China
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