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Fernández J, Escayo J, Camacho AG, Palano M, Prieto JF, Hu Z, Samsonov SV, Tiampo KF, Ancochea E. Shallow magmatic intrusion evolution below La Palma before and during the 2021 eruption. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20257. [PMID: 36509802 PMCID: PMC9744821 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23998-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
La Palma, Canary Islands, underwent volcanic unrest which culminated in its largest historical eruption. We study this unrest along 2021 using Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) and a new improved interpretation methodology, comparing achieved results with the crustal structure. We reproduce the final phase of La Palma volcanic unrest, highligthing a shallow magma accumulation which begins about 3.5 months before the eruption in a crustal volume charactherized by low density and fractured rocks. Our modeling, together with our improved pictures of the crustal structure, allows us to explain the location and characteristics of the eruption and to detect failed eruption paths. These can be used to explain post-eruptive phenomena and hazards to the local population, such as detected gases anomalies in La Bombilla and Puerto Naos. Our results have implications for understanding volcanic activity in the Canaries and volcano monitoring elsewhere, helping to support decision-making and providing significant insights into urban and infrastructure planning in volcanic areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Fernández
- grid.473617.0Instituto de Geociencias (CSIC, UCM). Calle del Doctor Severo Ochoa, nº 7, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Joaquin Escayo
- grid.473617.0Instituto de Geociencias (CSIC, UCM). Calle del Doctor Severo Ochoa, nº 7, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio G. Camacho
- grid.473617.0Instituto de Geociencias (CSIC, UCM). Calle del Doctor Severo Ochoa, nº 7, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mimmo Palano
- grid.470198.30000 0004 1755 400XIstituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Osservatorio Etneo - Sezione di Catania, Piazza Roma 2, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Juan F. Prieto
- grid.5690.a0000 0001 2151 2978ETS de Ingenieros en Topografía, Geodesia y Cartografía, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Zhongbo Hu
- Dares Technology, C/ Esteve Terrades, 1, Building RDIT Office 117, Parc UPC – PMT 08860, Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain ,grid.6835.80000 0004 1937 028XAlso at CommSensLab, Dep. Signal Theory and Communications, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), D3-Campus Nord-UPC, C. Jordi Girona 1-3, 08034 Barcelona, Spain ,grid.473617.0Present Address: Instituto de Geociencias (CSIC, UCM). Calle del Doctor Severo Ochoa, nº 7, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergey V. Samsonov
- grid.202033.00000 0001 2295 5236Canada Centre for Mapping and Earth Observation, Natural Resources Canada, 560 Rochester Street, Ottawa, ON K1A 0E4 Canada
| | - Kristy F. Tiampo
- grid.266190.a0000000096214564Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES), 216UCB, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309 USA
| | - Eumenio Ancochea
- grid.4795.f0000 0001 2157 7667Departamento de Mineralogía y Petrología, Fac. CC. Geológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Fernandez J, Prieto JF, Escayo J, Camacho AG, Luzón F, Tiampo KF, Palano M, Abajo T, Pérez E, Velasco J, Herrero T, Bru G, Molina I, López J, Rodríguez-Velasco G, Gómez I, Mallorquí JJ. Modeling the two- and three-dimensional displacement field in Lorca, Spain, subsidence and the global implications. Sci Rep 2018; 8:14782. [PMID: 30283152 PMCID: PMC6170491 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33128-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Land subsidence associated with overexploitation of aquifers is a hazard that commonly affects large areas worldwide. The Lorca area, located in southeast Spain, has undergone one of the highest subsidence rates in Europe as a direct consequence of long-term aquifer exploitation. Previous studies carried out on the region assumed that the ground deformation retrieved from satellite radar interferometry corresponds only to vertical displacement. Here we report, for the first time, the two- and three-dimensional displacement field over the study area using synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data from Sentinel-1A images and Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) observations. By modeling this displacement, we provide new insights on the spatial and temporal evolution of the subsidence processes and on the main governing mechanisms. Additionally, we also demonstrate the importance of knowing both the vertical and horizontal components of the displacement to properly characterize similar hazards. Based on these results, we propose some general guidelines for the sustainable management and monitoring of land subsidence related to anthropogenic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Fernandez
- Instituto de Geociencias (CSIC, UCM), Calle del Doctor Severo Ochoa, no 7, Facultad de Medicina (Edificio Entrepabellones 7 y 8, 4a planta), Ciudad Universitaria, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Juan F Prieto
- ETSI Topografía, Geodesia y Cartografía, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ctra. Valencia km 7, 28031, Madrid, Spain
| | - Joaquin Escayo
- Instituto de Geociencias (CSIC, UCM), Calle del Doctor Severo Ochoa, no 7, Facultad de Medicina (Edificio Entrepabellones 7 y 8, 4a planta), Ciudad Universitaria, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio G Camacho
- Instituto de Geociencias (CSIC, UCM), Calle del Doctor Severo Ochoa, no 7, Facultad de Medicina (Edificio Entrepabellones 7 y 8, 4a planta), Ciudad Universitaria, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Luzón
- Dpto de Química y Física, Universidad de Almería, Edificio CITE-IIA, Cañada de San Urbano s/n, 04120, Almería, Spain
| | - Kristy F Tiampo
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES), 216UCB, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Mimmo Palano
- Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Osservatorio Etneo, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Tamara Abajo
- Instituto de Geociencias (CSIC, UCM), Calle del Doctor Severo Ochoa, no 7, Facultad de Medicina (Edificio Entrepabellones 7 y 8, 4a planta), Ciudad Universitaria, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Enrique Pérez
- Dpto. Ingeniería Agroforestal, ETSI Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Avda. Puerta de Hierro, no 2 - 4, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesus Velasco
- ETSI Topografía, Geodesia y Cartografía, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ctra. Valencia km 7, 28031, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tomas Herrero
- Dpto. Ingeniería Agroforestal, ETSI Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Avda. Puerta de Hierro, no 2 - 4, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Guadalupe Bru
- Instituto de Geociencias (CSIC, UCM), Calle del Doctor Severo Ochoa, no 7, Facultad de Medicina (Edificio Entrepabellones 7 y 8, 4a planta), Ciudad Universitaria, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Iñigo Molina
- ETSI Topografía, Geodesia y Cartografía, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ctra. Valencia km 7, 28031, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan López
- Dpto. Ingeniería Agroforestal, ETSI Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Avda. Puerta de Hierro, no 2 - 4, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gema Rodríguez-Velasco
- Dpto. Física de la Tierra y Astrofísica, Unidad Departamental Astronomía y Geodesia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Fac. C. Matemáticas, Plaza de Ciencias, 3, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Israel Gómez
- Instituto de Geociencias (CSIC, UCM), Calle del Doctor Severo Ochoa, no 7, Facultad de Medicina (Edificio Entrepabellones 7 y 8, 4a planta), Ciudad Universitaria, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jordi J Mallorquí
- CommSensLab, Dep. Signal Theory and Communications, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), D3-Campus Nord-UPC, C. Jordi Girona 1-3, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
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