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Eriksson M, Hayat R, Kinsella E, Lewis K, White DCS, Boyd J, Bullen A, Maclean M, Stoddart A, Phair S, Evans H, Noakes J, Alexander D, Keerie C, Linsley C, Milne G, Norrie J, Farrar N, Realpe AX, Donovan JL, Bunch J, Douthwaite K, Temple S, Hogg J, Scott D, Spallone P, Stuart I, Wardlaw JM, Palmer J, Sakka E, Mukerji N, Cirstea E, Davies S, Giannakaki V, Kadhim A, Kennion O, Islam M, Ferguson L, Prasad M, Bacon A, Richards E, Howe J, Kamara C, Gardner J, Roman M, Sikaonga M, Cahill J, Rossdeutsch A, Cahill V, Hamina I, Chaudhari K, Danciut M, Clarkson E, Bjornson A, Bulters D, Digpal R, Ruiz W, Taylor M, Anyog D, Tluchowska K, Nolasco J, Brooks D, Angelopoulou K, Welch B, Broomes N, Fouyas I, MacRaild A, Kaliaperumal C, Teasdale J, Coakley M, Brennan P, Sokol D, Wiggins A, MacDonald M, Risbridger S, Bhatt P, Irvine J, Majeed S, Williams S, Reid J, Walch A, Muir F, van Beijnum J, Leach P, Hughes T, Makwana M, Hamandi K, McAleer D, Gunning B, Walsh D, Wroe Wright O, Patel S, Gurusinghe N, Raza-Knight S, Cromie TL, Brown A, Raj S, Pennington R, Campbell C, Patel S, Colombo F, Teo M, Wildman J, Smith K, Goff E, Stephens D, Borislavova B, Worner R, Buddha S, Clatworthy P, Edwards R, Clayton E, Coy K, Tucker L, Dymond S, Mallick A, Hodnett R, Spickett-Jones F, Grover P, Banaras A, Tshuma S, Muirhead W, Scott Hill C, Shah R, Doke T, Hall R, Coskuner S, Aslett L, Vindlacheruvu R, Ghosh A, Fitzpatrick T, Harris L, Hayton T, Whitehouse A, McDarby A, Hancox R, Auyeung CK, Nair R, Thomas R, McLachlan H, Kountourgioti A, Orjales G, Kruczynski J, Hunter S, Bohnacker N, Marimon R, Parker L, Raha O, Sharma P, Uff C, Boyapati G, Papadopoulos M, Kearney S, Visagan R, Bosetta E, Asif H, Helmy A, Chapas L, Tarantino S, Caldwell K, Guilfoyle M, Agarwal S, Brown D, Holland S, Tajsic T, Fletcher C, Sebyatki A, Ushewokunze S, Ali S, Preston J, Chambers C, Patel M, Holsgrove D, McLaughlan D, Marsden T, Colombo F, Cawley K, Raffalli H, Lee S, Israni A, Dore R, Anderson T, Hennigan D, Mayor S, Glover S, Chavredakis E, Brown D, Sokratous G, Williamson J, Stoneley C, Brodbelt A, Farah JO, Illingworth S, Konteas AB, Davies D, Owen C, Kerr L, Hall P, Al-Shahi Salman R, Forsyth L, Lewis SC, Loan JJM, Neilson AR, Stephen J, Kitchen N, Harkness KA, Hutchinson PJA, Mallucci C, Wade J, White PM. Medical management and surgery versus medical management alone for symptomatic cerebral cavernous malformation (CARE): a feasibility study and randomised, open, pragmatic, pilot phase trial. Lancet Neurol 2024:S1474-4422(24)00096-6. [PMID: 38643777 DOI: 10.1016/s1474-4422(24)00096-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The highest priority uncertainty for people with symptomatic cerebral cavernous malformation is whether to have medical management and surgery or medical management alone. We conducted a pilot phase randomised controlled trial to assess the feasibility of addressing this uncertainty in a definitive trial. METHODS The CARE pilot trial was a prospective, randomised, open-label, assessor-blinded, parallel-group trial at neuroscience centres in the UK and Ireland. We aimed to recruit 60 people of any age, sex, and ethnicity who had mental capacity, were resident in the UK or Ireland, and had a symptomatic cerebral cavernous malformation. Computerised, web-based randomisation assigned participants (1:1) to medical management and surgery (neurosurgical resection or stereotactic radiosurgery) or medical management alone, stratified by the neurosurgeon's and participant's consensus about the intended type of surgery before randomisation. Assignment was open to investigators, participants, and carers, but not clinical outcome event adjudicators. Feasibility outcomes included site engagement, recruitment, choice of surgical management, retention, adherence, data quality, clinical outcome event rate, and protocol implementation. The primary clinical outcome was symptomatic intracranial haemorrhage or new persistent or progressive non-haemorrhagic focal neurological deficit due to cerebral cavernous malformation or surgery during at least 6 months of follow-up. We analysed data from all randomly assigned participants according to assigned management. This trial is registered with ISRCTN (ISRCTN41647111) and has been completed. FINDINGS Between Sept 27, 2021, and April 28, 2023, 28 (70%) of 40 sites took part, at which investigators screened 511 patients, of whom 322 (63%) were eligible, 202 were approached for recruitment, and 96 had collective uncertainty with their neurosurgeon about whether to have surgery for a symptomatic cerebral cavernous malformation. 72 (22%) of 322 eligible patients were randomly assigned (mean recruitment rate 0·2 [SD 0·25] participants per site per month) at a median of 287 (IQR 67-591) days since the most recent symptomatic presentation. Participants' median age was 50·6 (IQR 38·6-59·2) years, 68 (94%) of 72 participants were adults, 41 (57%) were female, 66 (92%) were White, 56 (78%) had a previous intracranial haemorrhage, and 28 (39%) had a previous epileptic seizure. The intended type of surgery before randomisation was neurosurgical resection for 19 (26%) of 72, stereotactic radiosurgery for 44 (61%), and no preference for nine (13%). Baseline clinical and imaging data were complete for all participants. 36 participants were randomly assigned to medical management and surgery (12 to neurosurgical resection and 24 to stereotactic radiosurgery) and 36 to medical management alone. Three (4%) of 72 participants withdrew, one was lost to follow-up, and one declined face-to-face follow-up, leaving 67 (93%) retained at 6-months' clinical follow-up. 61 (91%) of 67 participants with follow-up adhered to the assigned management strategy. The primary clinical outcome occurred in two (6%) of 33 participants randomly assigned to medical management and surgery (8·0%, 95% CI 2·0-32·1 per year) and in two (6%) of 34 participants randomly assigned to medical management alone (7·5%, 1·9-30·1 per year). Investigators reported no deaths, no serious adverse events, one protocol violation, and 61 protocol deviations. INTERPRETATION This pilot phase trial exceeded its recruitment target, but a definitive trial will require extensive international engagement. FUNDING National Institute for Health and Care Research.
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Mohanna M, Roberts E, Whitty L, Gritzfeld JF, Pain CE, Girschick HJ, Preston J, Hadjittofi M, Anderson C, Ferguson PJ, Theos A, Hedrich CM. Priorities in Chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis (CNO) - results from an international survey and roundtable discussions. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J 2023; 21:65. [PMID: 37391782 DOI: 10.1186/s12969-023-00851-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis (CNO) is an autoinflammatory bone disorder that predominantly affects children and young people. The pathophysiology and molecular mechanisms of CNO remain poorly understood, and diagnostic criteria and biomarkers are lacking. As a result, treatment is empiric and follows personal experience, case series and expert consensus plans. METHODS A survey was designed to gain insight on clinician and patient experiences of diagnosing and treating CNO and to collate opinions on research priorities. A version containing 24 questions was circulated among international expert clinicians and clinical academics (27 contacted, 21 responses). An equivalent questionnaire containing 20 questions was shared to explore the experience and priorities of CNO patients and family members (93 responses). RESULTS Responses were used to select topics for four moderated roundtable discussions at the "International Conference on CNO and autoinflammatory bone disease" (Liverpool, United Kingdom, May 25-26th, 2022). The group identified deciphering the pathophysiology of CNO to be the highest priority, followed by clinical trials, necessary outcome measures and classification criteria. Surprisingly, mental wellbeing scored behind these items. CONCLUSIONS Agreement exists among clinicians, academics, patients and families that deciphering the pathophysiology of CNO is of highest priority to inform clinical trials that will allow for the approval of medications for the treatment of CNO by regulatory agencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mohanna
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - E Roberts
- Paediatric Rheumatology, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - L Whitty
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - J F Gritzfeld
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - C E Pain
- Paediatric Rheumatology, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - H J Girschick
- Klinik Für Kinder- Und Jugendmedizin, Vivantes Netzwerk Für Gesundheit GmbH, Klinikum Im Friedrichshain, Berlin, Germany
| | - J Preston
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - M Hadjittofi
- Clinical Health Psychology, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - C Anderson
- Royal Hospital for Children and Young People, Edinburgh, UK
| | - P J Ferguson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa Stead Family Children's Hospital, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - A Theos
- Department of Human Science, CRMO Patient/Parent Partner, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - C M Hedrich
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
- Paediatric Rheumatology, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK.
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Elliott RS, Taylor E, Ainsworth J, Preston J, Smith EMDS. Improving communication of the concept of 'treat-to target' in childhood lupus: a public and patient (PPI) engagement project involving children and young people. BMC Rheumatol 2022; 6:69. [PMID: 36242078 PMCID: PMC9578343 DOI: 10.1186/s41927-022-00300-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A treat-to-target (T2T) approach, where treatment is escalated until a specific target is achieved, and re-escalated if the target is lost, has been proposed as a strategy to improve Childhood Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (cSLE) outcomes. Previous studies involving children and young people (CYP) have identified that the concept of T2T can be difficult to understand by CYP and their families. We aimed to explore the views of CYP participating in existing public and patient involvement (PPI) groups in relation to a proposed animation that is being developed to explain the concept of T2T to CYP who will be eligible for a future cSLE T2T trial. METHODS An illustrated animation storyboard was developed on PowerPoint, to be used alongside a contemporaneous voiceover to simulate the animation for CYP participating in three existing CYP PPI groups (GenerationR, Lupus UK, and YOUR RHEUM). Mixed methods were used to generate CYP feedback on the resource, including on-line surveys and qualitative topic-guided discussion, noting CYP suggestions for improvement. Changes were made iteratively to the resources. Pre/post workshop questionnaires to assess the impact of the resource on their understanding of T2T were completed anonymously. RESULTS 40 CYP were consulted; 16/40 (40%) from GenerationR (median age 15-years [IQR 12-15]), 12/40 (30%) from Lupus UK (median age 27-years [IQR 22-30]), and 12/40 (30%) from YOUR RHEUM (median age 17-years [IQR 16-21]). 62% of respondents had an underlying rheumatic condition. Pre-workshop median participant understanding of T2T was 2/10 [IQR 1-4], on a 1-10 scale (1 = "no understanding at all", 10 = "completely confident in my understanding"). After viewing the resource, participant understanding improved to a median of 9/10 [IQR 8-10], p < 0.0001). Overall, participants felt that the animation greatly improved their understanding of the concept of T2T, making several suggestions for improvement. CONCLUSION Involvement of CYP in research is crucial to help improve the design/delivery of studies, ensuring relevance to CYP and their families. This manuscript demonstrates the involvement of CYP in the development of an animation that will be integral to a future clinical trial, helping to describe the T2T approach in a comprehensible way to eligible CYP and their families, supporting study recruitment.
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Affiliation(s)
- R S Elliott
- School of Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - E Taylor
- School of Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - J Ainsworth
- Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - J Preston
- Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - E M D S Smith
- Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK. .,Department of Paediatric Rheumatology, Institute in the Park, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK.
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Kim J, Madeira-Revell K, Preston J. Promoting passenger behaviour change with provision of occupancy information to help moderate train overcrowding: A cognitive work analysis approach. Appl Ergon 2022; 104:103801. [PMID: 35661982 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2022.103801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Passengers' travel behaviour is one of the significant factors affecting train overcrowding. Train occupancy information has been introduced as a tool to stimulate passengers' behaviour change to ease in-vehicle crowding. However, there are limitations to this strategy as it often fails to consider other elements in the complex rail system that influence behaviour. This research provides insights to service providers to promote passenger behaviour change by revealing the behavioural constraints in the environment. Cognitive Work Analysis (CWA) was applied to systematically analyse passengers' behaviour and related constraints in the environment. Specifically, Work Domain Analysis (WDA) and Social Organisation and Cooperation Analysis (SOCA) were conducted and presented in the forms of Abstraction Hierarchy (AH) and Contextual Activity Template (CAT). Results showed that a wide range of informational, navigational and physical support alongside provision of occupancy information could better encourage passengers to select and use less busy carriages and trains. Behaviour change goals are likely to be achieved more effectively when the constraints of the system are better understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisun Kim
- Transportation Research Group, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
| | - Kirsten Madeira-Revell
- Transportation Research Group, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - John Preston
- Transportation Research Group, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
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Preston J, Nafria B, Ohmer A, Gaillard S, Dicks P, West L, Turner MA. Developing a More Tailored Approach to Patient and Public Involvement with Children and Families in Pediatric Clinical Research: Lessons Learned. Ther Innov Regul Sci 2022; 56:948-963. [PMID: 35182389 PMCID: PMC8857393 DOI: 10.1007/s43441-022-00382-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Listening to, and acting on, the voices of children and families during clinical research and innovation is fundamental to ensuring enhanced pediatric health care, medicines development, and technological advances. While this is often discussed as an important step in ensuring patient-centered care, involving children and families across the life cycle of clinical research is not currently routine. The pediatric research community needs to address how to meaningfully involve children and families if they are to succeed in designing clinical research that suits the needs of pediatric patients and their families. This paper describes how an international community working under the umbrella International Children’s Advisory Network (iCAN) and European Young Person’s Advisory Group Network (eYPAGnet) has involved children and families in the design and delivery of pediatric clinical research. It offers practical solutions through various case studies assessed against seven patient engagement quality criteria within the Patient Engagement Quality Guidance (PEQG) tool, highlighting some of the lessons learnt from involving and engaging with children and families across different stages of clinical research, including pediatric trials for drug development programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Preston
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Women's and Children's Health, Liverpool Health Partners, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK. .,Department of Women's and Children's Health, Institute in the Park, University of Liverpool, Alder Hey NHS Children's Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK.
| | - B Nafria
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Spain and Innovation and Research Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Pg, Santa Rosa 39-57, Sant Joan de Déu, 2, Esplugues de Llobregat, 08950, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Ohmer
- International Children's Advisory Network, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - S Gaillard
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, EPICIME-CIC 1407 de Lyon, Inserm, CHU-Lyon, 69677, Bron, France
| | - P Dicks
- NHS-NRS Children, NHS Grampian, Royal Aberdeen Children's Hospital, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZG, Scotland, UK
| | - L West
- Georgia Institute of Technology, and International Children's Advisory Network, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - M A Turner
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Women's and Children's Health, Liverpool Health Partners, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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Sathyanarayan P, Sloane H, Edelstein D, Jones F, Preston J, Wu S, Los J, Holtrup F, Quinn H, Feller-Kopman D. 164P Rapid liquid biopsy genotyping in NSCLC patients. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1556-0864(21)02006-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Ferris M, Gill C, Preston J, Browne M. Validity Evidence for the Continued Professional Certification Assessment: Professional Practice Analysis of the National Board of Certification and Recertification for Nurse Anesthetists. Journal of Nursing Regulation 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s2155-8256(20)30172-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Mehawed G, Tariq A, Saadat P, Joshi A, Roberts M, Perera M, Rhee H, Yeates A, Mckenzie I, Munns J, Chung E, Heathcote P, Preston J, Lawson M, Wood S, Gustafson S, Miles K, Vela I. Correlation between hybrid PSMA PET MRI and histopathology at radical prostatectomy. EUR UROL SUPPL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(20)32890-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Christie P, Wilkinson I, Preston J. 74EDUCATING ON FALLS: THE ROLE OF PODCASTS. Age Ageing 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afz059.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - J Preston
- St George’s Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
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Dagher J, Delahunt B, Rioux-Leclercq N, Egevad L, Coughlin G, Dunglison N, Gianduzzo T, Kua B, Malone G, Martin B, Preston J, Pokorny M, Wood S, Samaratunga H. Assessment of tumour-associated necrosis provides prognostic information additional to World Health Organization/International Society of Urological Pathology grading for clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Histopathology 2018; 74:284-290. [PMID: 30129659 DOI: 10.1111/his.13737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The aims of this study were to evaluate the impact of tumour-associated necrosis (TAN) on metastasis-free survival for clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC), and to determine whether TAN provides survival information additional to World Health Organization (WHO)/International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) grading. METHODS AND RESULTS The study consisted of 376 cases of clear cell RCC treated by nephrectomy, for which follow-up was available. WHO/ISUP grade was assigned, and sections were assessed for the presence of TAN. American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) pT staging category and tumour size were also recorded. The development of metastatic disease was taken as the clinical endpoint, and survival analyses, utilising univariate and multivariate models, were performed. WHO/ISUP grades were: grade 1, 35 cases (9.3%); grade 2, 188 cases (50.0%); grade 3, 91 cases (24.2%); and grade 4, 62 cases (16.5%). Staging categories were pT1-pT2 [234 tumours (62.2%)] and pT3-pT4 [139 tumours (37.0%)]. TAN was seen in 128 cases (34.0%). Neither TAN nor metastases were seen in grade 1 tumours. Among grade 2-4 tumours, those with TAN had a significantly worse prognosis than those without TAN (P = 0.017, P = 0.04, and P = 0.006, respectively). Multivariate analysis (WHO/ISUP grade, pT staging category, and TAN) showed all three variables to be independently associated with outcome (P = 0.009, P = 0.005, and P = 0.001, respectively). For all tumour grades and pT staging categories, it was found that the presence of TAN was associated with a 2.91-fold greater risk of metastatic disease. CONCLUSION Tumour-associated necrosis is an important prognostic factor for clear cell RCC, independently of WHO/ISUP grade. This supports the suggestion that TAN could be incorporated into tumour grading criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Dagher
- Aquesta Specialized Uropathology, Brisbane, Qld, Australia.,Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France.,University of Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Brett Delahunt
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Wellington School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wellington, New Zealand
| | | | - Lars Egevad
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | | | - Boon Kua
- Wesley Hospital, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Greg Malone
- Greenslopes Hospital, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Ben Martin
- Holy Spirit Northside Hospital, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | | | | | - Simon Wood
- Greenslopes Hospital, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Hemamali Samaratunga
- Aquesta Specialized Uropathology, Brisbane, Qld, Australia.,University of Queensland School of Medicine, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
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Candy B, Armstrong M, Amey R, Booth J, Flemming K, Kupeli N, Maclean V, Preston J, Stone P, Wilkinson S. 9 Using what people value to develop new interventions in palliative care: a multilevel level review approach. BMJ Support Palliat Care 2018. [DOI: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2018-mariecurie.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
IntroductionComplex interventions are common in palliative care (PC) but are difficult to evaluate. Complementary therapies (CT) are one type of widely-used complex intervention for which there is inconclusive evidence. No systematic review has been conducted in PC of trials or of qualitative studies of patients’ views of CTs. There are novel approaches with established exemplars of using both types of reviews to help develop more clinically appropriate interventions. These approaches are in their infancy in PC research and have much to offer the specialism.AimsUsing our on-going review on CT we present as an exemplar in PC an approach to draw together the findings of trials and qualitative studies in a data table (matrix) to contrast what patients value and want with how the intervention is tested.MethodsWe sought trials on the effectiveness of CT and qualitative studies on patients’ perspectives about these therapies. Our primary outcomes for trials included anxiety. Eight databases were searched in 2017. Citations and full-text papers were reviewed to identify relevant studies. Meta-analyses pooled trial data where appropriate and a thematic synthesis is being undertaken to understand patient experience. These findings will be combined in a matrix to explore similarities and differences.Results19 trials and five qualitative studies were included. Data analysis and development of the matrix which includes intervention content and patients’ needs is currently underway. We will present the final matrix framework.ConclusionsOur approach demonstrates a potential way in PC to enhance development of practice appropriate complex interventions.
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Joshi A, Rhee H, Pryor D, Lehman M, McKenzie I, Munns J, Malone G, Chung E, Heathcote P, Preston J, Lawson M, Wood S, Gustafson S, Miles K, Vela I. PD37-01 THE CLINICAL EFFICACY OF PSMA PET/MRI IN BIOCHEMICALLY RECURRENT PROSTATE CANCER COMPARED WITH STANDARD OF CARE IMAGING MODALITIES - RESULTS OF A MULTI-CENTRE, PROSPECTIVE CLINICAL TRIAL. J Urol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2018.02.1736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Tan AL, Lawson M, Preston J, Wood S, Griffin A, Rhee H. Case Report: Spontaneous Hemorrhage of a Rare Renal Tumor in the Native Kidney of a Renal Transplant Recipient. Transplant Proc 2018; 50:902-904. [PMID: 29555245 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2017.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Renal cancers are some of the most common solid organ malignancies found during follow-up of patients who have undergone renal transplantation (RT). In this case report, we describe a life-threatening spontaneous hemorrhage of a rare subtype of renal cell carcinoma in the native kidney of a 27-year-old man, 4 years after RT. After fluid resuscitation and stabilization, the patient underwent emergent open radical nephrectomy with the final histopathology reporting T1bN0Mx mucinous tubular and spindle cell (MTSC) carcinoma. This case report highlights the need to consider an underlying malignancy in patients who presents with spontaneous hemorrhage of native kidneys after RT.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Tan
- Queensland Renal Transplant Services, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba QLD, Australia
| | - M Lawson
- Queensland Renal Transplant Services, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba QLD, Australia; Department of Urology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba QLD, Australia
| | - J Preston
- Queensland Renal Transplant Services, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba QLD, Australia; Department of Urology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba QLD, Australia
| | - S Wood
- Queensland Renal Transplant Services, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba QLD, Australia; Department of Urology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba QLD, Australia
| | - A Griffin
- Queensland Renal Transplant Services, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba QLD, Australia
| | - H Rhee
- Queensland Renal Transplant Services, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba QLD, Australia; Department of Urology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba QLD, Australia.
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Green E, Howe T, Preston J, Dawson L, Davidson P. Evaluation of outcome measures for use in clinical practice for adults with musculoskeletal shoulder problems: a systematic review. Physiotherapy 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physio.2017.11.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Green J, Howe T, Preston J, Dawson L. Clinician adherence to protocol and reporting is low in determining caseload characteristics of adults with shoulder pain. Physiotherapy 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physio.2017.11.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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16
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Dagher J, Delahunt B, Rioux-Leclercq N, Egevad L, Srigley JR, Coughlin G, Dunglinson N, Gianduzzo T, Kua B, Malone G, Martin B, Preston J, Pokorny M, Wood S, Yaxley J, Samaratunga H. Clear cell renal cell carcinoma: validation of World Health Organization/International Society of Urological Pathology grading. Histopathology 2017; 71:918-925. [PMID: 28718911 DOI: 10.1111/his.13311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
AIMS In 2012, the International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) introduced a novel grading system for clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and papillary renal cell carcinoma. This system is incorporated into the latest World Health Organization renal tumour classification, being designated WHO/ISUP grading. This study was undertaken to compare WHO/ISUP and Fuhrman grading and to validate WHO/ISUP grading as a prognostic parameter in a series of clear cell RCC. METHODS AND RESULTS Analysis of 681 cases of ccRCC showed that 144 tumours could not be assigned a Fuhrman grade on the basis of ambiguous grading features. The application of WHO/ISUP grading resulted in a general down-grading of cases when compared with Fuhrman grading. In a sub-group of 374 cases, for which outcome data were available, 9.3% were WHO/ISUP grade 1, 50.3% were grade 2, 24.1% grade 3 and 16.3% grade 4, while the distribution of Fuhrman grades was 0.4% grade 1, 48.7% grade 2, 29.4% grade 3 and 21.5% grade 4. There were no recurrence/metastases amongst patients with WHO/ISUP grade 1 tumours and there was a significant difference in outcome for WHO/ISUP grades 2, 3 and 4. For Fuhrman grading the cancer-free survival was not significantly different for grade 2 and grade 3 tumours. On multivariate analysis WHO/ISUP grade and pT staging category were found to retain prognostic significance. CONCLUSIONS The study demonstrates that FG cannot be applied in >20% of cases of ccRCC and the WHO/ISUP provides superior prognostic information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Dagher
- Aquesta Specialized Uropathology, Brisbane, Qld, Australia.,Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France.,University of Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Brett Delahunt
- Aquesta Specialized Uropathology, Brisbane, Qld, Australia.,Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Wellington School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wellington, New Zealand
| | | | - Lars Egevad
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - John R Srigley
- Aquesta Specialized Uropathology, Brisbane, Qld, Australia.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Boon Kua
- Wesley Hospital, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Greg Malone
- Greenslopes Hospital, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Ben Martin
- Holy Spirit Northside Hospital, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | | | | | - Simon Wood
- Greenslopes Hospital, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | | | - Hemamali Samaratunga
- Aquesta Specialized Uropathology, Brisbane, Qld, Australia.,University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
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Dennis H, Grant C, Preston J. Radiation and criticality safety analyses for the highly-enriched uranium core removal from a research reactor. Appl Radiat Isot 2017; 129:152-155. [PMID: 28863288 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2017.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Revised: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Analysis was performed to estimate radiation levels during removal and packaging of the highly-enriched uranium core of the JM-1 SLOWPOKE-2 research reactor. Due to severe limitations of space in and around the reactor pool, the core could not be removed in the conventional manner as was done for previous SLOWPOKE defuelling operations. A transfer shield, with a balance between shielding efficacy, volume and weight was designed. Fuel depletion, Monte Carlo shielding and criticality calculations were performed. Comparisons of measured and calculated dose rates as well as results of the criticality safety assessment are presented. The designed transfer shield reduced the calculated unshielded dose rate from 29Sv/h to 8mSv/h. The maximum calculated effective neutron multiplication factor of approximately 0.89 was below the 0.91 upper subricital limit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haile Dennis
- International Centre for Environmental and Nuclear Sciences, 2 Anguilla Close, University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica.
| | - Charles Grant
- International Centre for Environmental and Nuclear Sciences, 2 Anguilla Close, University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica.
| | - John Preston
- International Centre for Environmental and Nuclear Sciences, 2 Anguilla Close, University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica.
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Wilkinson I, Preston J, Ryan SJ, Szekely T, Trangmar P, Buckler A, Watson C, Grosvener W, Frost L, Scott F. 112THE MDTEA PODCAST - A NOVEL MEANS OF EDUCATING MULTI-DISCIPLINARY TEAMS ABOUT AGEING? Age Ageing 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afx071.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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19
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Joshi A, Desai D, Lockett J, Preston J. Transvesical ureterotomy of intersphincteric duplex ureter for an obstructed upper pole moiety. Journal of Clinical Urology 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/2051415816651377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andre Joshi
- Princess Alexandra Hospital, Australia
- University of Queensland, Australia
| | - Devang Desai
- Princess Alexandra Hospital, Australia
- University of Queensland, Australia
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20
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Song Y, Preston J, Ogilvie D. New walking and cycling infrastructure and modal shift in the UK: A quasi-experimental panel study. Transp Res Part A Policy Pract 2017; 95:320-333. [PMID: 28163399 PMCID: PMC5270770 DOI: 10.1016/j.tra.2016.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Heavy dependency on car use leads to traffic congestion, pollution, and physical inactivity, which impose high direct and indirect costs on society. Promoting walking and cycling has been recognised as one of the means of mitigating such negative effects. Various approaches have been taken to enhance walking and cycling levels and to reduce the use of automobiles. This paper examines the effectiveness of infrastructure interventions in promoting walking and cycling for transport. Two related sets of panel data, covering elapsed time periods of one and two years, were analysed to track changes in travel behaviour following provision of new walking and cycling infrastructure so that modal shift from private car use to walking and cycling can be investigated. Two types of exposure measures were tested: distance from the infrastructure (a measure of potential usage), and actual usage of the infrastructure. Only the latter measure was statistically significantly associated with modal shift. This in turn suggested that infrastructure provision was not a sufficient condition for modal shift, but may have been a necessary condition. Along with the use of new infrastructure, the loss of employment, higher education, being male and being part of the ethnic majority were consistently found to be significantly and positively associated with modal shift towards walking and cycling. The findings of this study support the construction of walking and cycling routes, but also suggest that such infrastructure alone may not be enough to promote active travel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yena Song
- Department of Geography, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, South Korea
- Corresponding author.
| | - John Preston
- Transportation Research Group, Faculty of Engineering and the Environment, University of Southampton, Building 176, Bodlrewood, Southampton SO16 7QF, UK
| | - David Ogilvie
- Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit and UKCRC Centre for Diet and Activity Research (CEDAR), University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Box 285, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
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21
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Preston J, Wilkinson I, Ryan S, Szekely T, Buckler A, Trangmar P, Frost L, Watson C, Grovesnor W. The MDTea podcast – multidisciplinary healthcare education in the 21st century. Physiotherapy 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physio.2016.10.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Rhee H, Blazak J, Tham CM, Ng KL, Shepherd B, Lawson M, Preston J, Vela I, Thomas P, Wood S. Pilot study: use of gallium-68 PSMA PET for detection of metastatic lesions in patients with renal tumour. EJNMMI Res 2016; 6:76. [PMID: 27771904 PMCID: PMC5075321 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-016-0231-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In this study, we prospectively evaluate the diagnostic potential of a gallium-68 (68Ga) prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-binding ligand and positron emission tomography (PET) in detecting metastatic lesions in patients with renal tumour. The secondary aim was to determine whether the findings would result in the alteration of patient management. Results Ten patients with renal lesion and potential metastatic disease on conventional imaging were recruited. Patients underwent PSMA PET in addition to standard imaging. Nine patients underwent nephrectomy and 4 patients underwent additional targeted biopsy to provide specimens for histopathological validation. There were 89 pathological lesions on CT, of which 32 were removed or biopsied for histopathological correlation. With PSMA PET, 86 PET avid lesions were identified with 36 samples being available for analysis. Thirty-five of 36 samples were positive for renal cell carcinoma deposits, whilst 1 sample was inconclusive for diagnosis on biopsy. For the histologically confirmed lesions, there were no false-negative PSMA PET lesions; however, CT was false negative in 11. In two patients, surgical strategies were changed based on PSMA PET findings. Conclusions PSMA PET may potentially have a role in the preoperative staging of advanced renal cell carcinoma as PET detected multiple histologically proven metastatic lesions which were false negative on CT scanning, resulting in change in surgical strategies in some patients. We cautiously support a larger study to confirm these results and to assess the longitudinal impact on patient outcomes. Trial registration Australia and New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry (ANZCTR), ACTRN12615000854538. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13550-016-0231-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Handoo Rhee
- Department of Urology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia. .,University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Brisbane, Australia.
| | - John Blazak
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Chui Ming Tham
- Department of Urology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Keng Lim Ng
- Department of Urology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia.,University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Benjamin Shepherd
- Pathology Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Malcolm Lawson
- Department of Urology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - John Preston
- Department of Urology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Ian Vela
- Department of Urology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia.,University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Paul Thomas
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia.,University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Simon Wood
- Department of Urology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia.,University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Brisbane, Australia
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Miller L, van Wijck F, Lamont L, Preston J, Hair M. Sensory dynamic orthoses in mild to moderate upper limb tremor in multiple sclerosis: a mixed methods feasibility study. Clin Rehabil 2016; 30:1060-1073. [PMID: 26396165 DOI: 10.1177/0269215515605356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the feasibility of conducting a Phase III randomized controlled trial evaluating sensory dynamic orthoses for upper limb tremor in multiple sclerosis. DESIGN Mixed methods: double blind randomized placebo controlled pilot study and semi-structured interviews. SETTING Rehabilitation centre. SUBJECTS A total of 21 people with multiple sclerosis with upper limb tremor. INTERVENTIONS Participants received a sensory dynamic orthosis sleeve or a non-compressive sleeve (placebo) that they wore eight hours a day, for nine weeks. MAIN MEASURES Outcomes were completed at baseline and nine weeks. The primary outcome measure was the Fahn-Tolosa-Marin (FAHN) Tremor Rating Scale. Secondary outcome measures included the: Action Research Arm Test, Canadian Occupational Performance Measure, Psychological Impact of Assistive Device Scale and the Nine-hole Peg Test. RESULTS Both sleeves were acceptable, although achieving a good fit was an issue. There were no significant between-group differences for the primary outcome measure. The median ± interquartile range change scores were 0.5 ±6.5 and 2 ±8 for the placebo and treatment group, respectively. The median ± interquartile range Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (performance subscale) demonstrated significant improvements ( p = 0.01) for the placebo group (1.1 ±1.65) compared with the treatment group (0 ±1.2). There was no between-group differences in the satisfaction subscale. The primary outcome measure was sensitive to detect change; however the Action Research Arm Test was not responsive in this study population. CONCLUSION Undertaking an randomized controlled trial would be feasible and a minimum of 200 participants would be needed for a fully powered, definitive randomized controlled trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Miller
- 1 NHS Ayrshire & Arran MS Service, Douglas Grant Rehabilitation Unit, Irvine, UK.,2 School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK
| | - F van Wijck
- 2 School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK
| | - L Lamont
- 1 NHS Ayrshire & Arran MS Service, Douglas Grant Rehabilitation Unit, Irvine, UK
| | - J Preston
- 1 NHS Ayrshire & Arran MS Service, Douglas Grant Rehabilitation Unit, Irvine, UK.,2 School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK
| | - M Hair
- 3 Independent Statistics Consultant, Paisley, UK
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Preston J. The rise of western rationalism: Paul Feyerabend's story. Stud Hist Philos Sci 2016; 57:79-86. [PMID: 27269266 DOI: 10.1016/j.shpsa.2015.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 11/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
I summarize certain aspects of Paul Feyerabend's account of the development of Western rationalism, show the ways in which that account is supposed to run up against an alternative, that of Karl Popper, and then try to give a preliminary comparison of the two. My interest is primarily in whether what Feyerabend called his 'story' constitutes a possible history of our epistemic concepts and their trajectory. I express some grave reservations about that story, and about Feyerabend's framework, finding Popper's views less problematic here. However, I also suggest that one important aspect of Feyerabend's material, his treatment of religious belief, can be given an interpretation which makes it tenable, and perhaps preferable to a Popperian approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Preston
- Department of Philosophy, The University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AA, UK.
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25
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Grote M, Williams I, Preston J. Direct carbon dioxide emissions from civil aircraft. Atmos Environ (1994) 2014; 95:214-224. [PMID: 32288557 PMCID: PMC7108388 DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.06.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2014] [Revised: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Global airlines consume over 5 million barrels of oil per day, and the resulting carbon dioxide (CO2) emitted by aircraft engines is of concern. This article provides a contemporary review of the literature associated with the measures available to the civil aviation industry for mitigating CO2 emissions from aircraft. The measures are addressed under two categories - policy and legal-related measures, and technological and operational measures. Results of the review are used to develop several insights into the challenges faced. The analysis shows that forecasts for strong growth in air-traffic will result in civil aviation becoming an increasingly significant contributor to anthropogenic CO2 emissions. Some mitigation-measures can be left to market-forces as the key-driver for implementation because they directly reduce airlines' fuel consumption, and their impact on reducing fuel-costs will be welcomed by the industry. Other mitigation-measures cannot be left to market-forces. Speed of implementation and stringency of these measures will not be satisfactorily resolved unattended, and the current global regulatory-framework does not provide the necessary strength of stewardship. A global regulator with 'teeth' needs to be established, but investing such a body with the appropriate level of authority requires securing an international agreement which history would suggest is going to be very difficult. If all mitigation-measures are successfully implemented, it is still likely that traffic growth-rates will continue to out-pace emissions reduction-rates. Therefore, to achieve an overall reduction in CO2 emissions, behaviour change will be necessary to reduce demand for air-travel. However, reducing demand will be strongly resisted by all stakeholders in the industry; and the ticket price-increases necessary to induce the required reduction in traffic growth-rates place a monetary-value on CO2 emissions of approximately 7-100 times greater than other common valuations. It is clear that, whilst aviation must remain one piece of the transport-jigsaw, environmentally a global regulator with 'teeth' is urgently required.
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26
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Snape D, Kirkham J, Preston J, Popay J, Britten N, Collins M, Froggatt K, Gibson A, Lobban F, Wyatt K, Jacoby A. Exploring areas of consensus and conflict around values underpinning public involvement in health and social care research: a modified Delphi study. BMJ Open 2014; 4:e004217. [PMID: 24413356 PMCID: PMC3902382 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2013-004217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is growing interest in the potential benefits of public involvement (PI) in health and social care research. However, there has been little examination of values underpinning PI or how these values might differ for different groups with an interest in PI in the research process. We aimed to explore areas of consensus and conflict around normative, substantive and process-related values underpinning PI. DESIGN Mixed method, three-phase, modified Delphi study, conducted as part of a larger multiphase project. SETTING The UK health and social care research community. PARTICIPANTS Stakeholders in PI in research, defined as: clinical and non-clinical academics, members of the public, research managers, commissioners and funders; identified via research networks, online searches and a literature review. RESULTS We identified high levels of consensus for many normative, substantive and process-related issues. However, there were also areas of conflict in relation to issues of bias and representativeness, and around whether the purpose of PI in health and social care research is to bring about service change or generate new knowledge. There were large differences by group in the percentages endorsing the ethical justification for PI and the argument that PI equalises power imbalances. With regard to practical implementation of PI, research support infrastructures were reported as lacking. Participants reported shortcomings in the uptake and practice of PI. Embedding PI practice and evaluation in research study designs was seen as fundamental to strengthening the evidence base. CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlight the extent to which PI is already embedded in research. However, they also highlight a need for 'best practice' standards to assist research teams to understand, implement and evaluate PI. These findings have been used in developing a Public Involvement Impact Assessment Framework (PiiAF), which offers guidance to researchers and members of the public involved in the PI process.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Snape
- Department of Public Health and Policy, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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27
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Preston J, Currey J, Considine J. Atrial electrogram diagnostic accuracy improves after an innovative education program. Aust Crit Care 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aucc.2013.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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28
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Bialasiewicz S, Cho Y, Rockett R, Preston J, Wood S, Fleming S, Shepherd B, Barraclough K, Sloots TP, Isbel N. Association of micropapillary urothelial carcinoma of the bladder and BK viruria in kidney transplant recipients. Transpl Infect Dis 2013; 15:283-9. [PMID: 23551580 DOI: 10.1111/tid.12072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2012] [Revised: 11/27/2012] [Accepted: 12/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION BK virus (BKV) is an ubiquitous human polyomavirus that establishes latency in urothelium. BKV is known to re-activate in immunosuppressed individuals, and is an increasingly important cause of nephropathy and graft loss in kidney transplant recipients. Animal studies have demonstrated BKV has a potential role as a tumor virus. However, its role in precipitating or facilitating oncogenesis in humans is still debated. REPORT We report 2 cases of aggressive micropapillary urothelial carcinoma of the bladder in kidney transplant recipients with persistent BK viruria and preserved graft function. RESULTS In both cases, polyomavirus immunohistochemistry performed on the tumor specimens was strongly positive, and limited to the malignant tissue. BKV DNA, viral protein 1, and large T antigen mRNA were detected in the tumor; however, no viral particles were seen on electron microscopy. CONCLUSION In one of the cases, BKV integration into the host genome was identified, leading to the truncation of the major viral capsid gene. This finding raises the concern that persisting BK viruria may be a risk factor for this aggressive form of bladder cancer. Further studies to determine screening and management strategies are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bialasiewicz
- Queensland Children's Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
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Ogilvie D, Bull F, Cooper A, Rutter H, Adams E, Brand C, Ghali K, Jones T, Mutrie N, Powell J, Preston J, Sahlqvist S, Song Y. Evaluating the travel, physical activity and carbon impacts of a 'natural experiment' in the provision of new walking and cycling infrastructure: methods for the core module of the iConnect study. BMJ Open 2012; 2:e000694. [PMID: 22307104 PMCID: PMC3274720 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2011-000694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2011] [Accepted: 12/16/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Improving infrastructure to support walking and cycling is often regarded as fundamental to encouraging their widespread uptake. However, there is little evidence that specific provision of this kind has led to a significant increase in walking or cycling in practice, let alone wider impacts such as changes in overall physical activity or carbon emissions. Connect2 is a major new project that aims to promote walking and cycling in the UK by improving local pedestrian and cycle routes. It therefore provides a useful opportunity to contribute new evidence in this field by means of a natural experimental study. METHODS AND ANALYSIS iConnect is an independent study that aims to integrate the perspectives of public health and transport research on the measurement and evaluation of the travel, physical activity and carbon impacts of the Connect2 programme. In this paper, the authors report the study design and methods for the iConnect core module. This comprised a cohort study of residents living within 5 km of three case study Connect2 projects in Cardiff, Kenilworth and Southampton, supported by a programme of qualitative interviews with key informants about the projects. Participants were asked to complete postal questionnaires, repeated before and after the opening of the new infrastructure, which collected data on demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, travel, car fuel purchasing and physical activity, and potential psychosocial and environmental correlates and mediators of those behaviours. In the absence of suitable no-intervention control groups, the study design drew on heterogeneity in exposure both within and between case study samples to provide for a counterfactual. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The study was approved by the University of Southampton Research Ethics Committee. The findings will be disseminated through academic presentations, peer-reviewed publications and the study website (http://www.iconnect.ac.uk) and by means of a national seminar at the end of the study.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Ogilvie
- Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit and UKCRC Centre for Diet and Activity Research (CEDAR), Institute of Public Health, Cambridge, UK
| | - Fiona Bull
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Ashley Cooper
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Harry Rutter
- Environmental Change Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Emma Adams
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Christian Brand
- Environmental Change Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Karen Ghali
- School of Civil Engineering and the Environment, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Tim Jones
- Environmental Change Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Nanette Mutrie
- School of Psychological Sciences and Health, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Jane Powell
- Centre for Health and Clinical Research, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK
| | - John Preston
- School of Civil Engineering and the Environment, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Shannon Sahlqvist
- Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit and UKCRC Centre for Diet and Activity Research (CEDAR), Institute of Public Health, Cambridge, UK
| | - Yena Song
- School of Civil Engineering and the Environment, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
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Preston J. Why I now watch my step as an occupational physician ... Occup Med (Lond) 2012; 62:40. [DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqr155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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31
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Sahlqvist S, Song Y, Bull F, Adams E, Preston J, Ogilvie D. Effect of questionnaire length, personalisation and reminder type on response rate to a complex postal survey: randomised controlled trial. BMC Med Res Methodol 2011; 11:62. [PMID: 21548947 PMCID: PMC3110121 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2288-11-62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2011] [Accepted: 05/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Minimising participant non-response in postal surveys helps to maximise the generalisability of the inferences made from the data collected. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of questionnaire length, personalisation and reminder type on postal survey response rate and quality and to compare the cost-effectiveness of the alternative survey strategies. METHODS In a pilot study for a population study of travel behaviour, physical activity and the environment, 1000 participants sampled from the UK edited electoral register were randomly allocated using a 2×2 factorial design to receive one of four survey packs: a personally addressed long (24 page) questionnaire pack, a personally addressed short (15 page) questionnaire pack, a non-personally addressed long questionnaire pack or a non-personally addressed short questionnaire pack. Those who did not return a questionnaire were stratified by initial randomisation group and further randomised to receive either a full reminder pack or a reminder postcard. The effects of the survey design factors on response were examined using multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS An overall response rate of 17% was achieved. Participants who received the short version of the questionnaire were more likely to respond (OR=1.48, 95% CI 1.06 to 2.07). In those participants who received a reminder, personalisation of the survey pack and reminder also increased the odds of response (OR=1.44, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.95). Item non-response was relatively low, but was significantly higher in the long questionnaire than the short (9.8% vs 5.8%; p=.04). The cost per additional usable questionnaire returned of issuing the reminder packs was £23.1 compared with £11.3 for the reminder postcards. CONCLUSIONS In contrast to some previous studies of shorter questionnaires, this trial found that shortening a relatively lengthy questionnaire significantly increased the response. Researchers should consider the trade off between the value of additional questions and a larger sample. If low response rates are expected, personalisation may be an important strategy to apply. Sending a full reminder pack to non-respondents appears a worthwhile, albeit more costly, strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon Sahlqvist
- Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit and UKCRC Centre for Diet and Activity Research (CEDAR), Box 296, Institute of Public Health, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0SR, UK.
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Ogilvie D, Bull F, Powell J, Cooper AR, Brand C, Mutrie N, Preston J, Rutter H. An applied ecological framework for evaluating infrastructure to promote walking and cycling: the iConnect study. Am J Public Health 2011; 101:473-81. [PMID: 21233429 PMCID: PMC3036680 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2010.198002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/02/2010] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Improving infrastructure for walking and cycling is increasingly recommended as a means to promote physical activity, prevent obesity, and reduce traffic congestion and carbon emissions. However, limited evidence from intervention studies exists to support this approach. Drawing on classic epidemiological methods, psychological and ecological models of behavior change, and the principles of realistic evaluation, we have developed an applied ecological framework by which current theories about the behavioral effects of environmental change may be tested in heterogeneous and complex intervention settings. Our framework guides study design and analysis by specifying the most important data to be collected and relations to be tested to confirm or refute specific hypotheses and thereby refine the underlying theories.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Ogilvie
- Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, UKCRC Centre for Diet and Activity Research (CEDAR), Institute of Public Health, Cambridge, UK.
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Goodnick S, Korkin A, Krstic P, Mascher P, Preston J, Zaslavsky A. Semiconductor nanotechnology: novel materials and devices for electronics, photonics and renewable energy applications. Nanotechnology 2010; 21:130201. [PMID: 20234072 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/21/13/130201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
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Ho S, Shepherd I, Taylor L, Preston J. Outcomes of a patient safety strategy to decrease the burden of unplanned ICU admissions. Aust Crit Care 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aucc.2009.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Affiliation(s)
- V R Velchuru
- Department of Surgery, James Paget Healthcare NHS Trust, Great Yarmouth, UK.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Sharma
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, James Paget Hospital, Great Yarmouth, Norfolk, UK.
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Barraclough K, Oliver K, Playford EG, Preston J, Campbell S, Johnson DW, Hawley C, Mudge D, van Eps C, Isbel N. Life-threatening adenovirus infection in a kidney transplant recipient. NDT Plus 2009; 2:250-3. [PMID: 25984003 PMCID: PMC4421196 DOI: 10.1093/ndtplus/sfp003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2009] [Accepted: 01/06/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - John Preston
- Department of Transplant Surgery , Princess Alexandra Hospital , Brisbane , Australia
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Mclean S, Preston J, Flapan AD. Belching: An Unusual Clinical Presentation of Coronary Ischaemia. Scott Med J 2008. [DOI: 10.1258/rsmsmj.53.4.10c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Mclean
- The Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh and Penicuik Medical Centre
| | - J Preston
- The Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh and Penicuik Medical Centre
| | - AD Flapan
- The Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh and Penicuik Medical Centre
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Moser K, Biglan KM, Ross CA, Langbehn DR, Aylward E, Stout JC, Queller S, Carlozzi N, Duff K, Beglinger LJ, Paulsen JS, Tomusk A, Lifer S, Hastings S, Dawson J, Walker B, Whitlock K, Johnson S, Pacifici R, Hersch S, Dorsey ER, Katz R, Tempkin T, Wheelock V, Schwartz G, Corey-Bloom J, Mattis P, Feigin A, Young P, McArthur DL, Perlman S, Higginson C, Carr L, Sigvardt K, Chirieac MC, Shinaman A, Shoulson I, Kane AE, Peavy GM, Goldstein JL, Jacobson MW, Lessig S, Wasserman L, Kayson EP, Tang C, Zgaljardic D, Ma Y, Dhawan V, Guttman M, Eidelberg D, Peng S, Kingsley P, Rosas HD, Gevorkian S, Oakes D, Matson W, Massood T, Latourelle J, Mysore JS, Fossale E, Gillis T, Gusella JF, MacDonald ME, Myers RH, Yastrubetskaya O, Preston J, Chiu E, Goh A, Oster E, Bausch J, Kayson E, Quaid K, Sims S, Swenson M, Harrison J, Moskowitz C, Stepanov N, Suter G, Westphal B, Johnson SA, Langbehn D, Paulsen J, Nopoulos P, Beglinger L, Johnson H, Magnotta V, Pierson R, Lipe H, Bird TD, McCusker EA, Lownie A, Lechich AJ, Montas S, Duckett A, Klager J, Sandler S, Pae A, Apostol BL, Simmons DA, Zuccato C, Illes K, Pallos J, Casale M, Kathuria S, Cattaneo E, Marsh JL, Thompson LM, Patzke H, Chesworth R, Li Z, Rahil G, Wang J, Smith J, Huet FL, Shapiro G, Leit S, Beaulieu P, Raeppel F, Fournel M, Sainte-Croix H, Nolan SJ, Albayya FP, Barbier A, Besterman J, Ahlijanian MK, Deziel R, Aubeeluck A, Buchanan H, Ross C, Biglan K, Landwehrmeyer B, Whitlock KB, Carlozzi NE, Mickes L, Lee J, Kim RY, Toro B, Fine E, Cahill T, Johnson D, Goldstein J, Peavy G, Jacobson M, Goodman LV, Como PG, Cha JH, Beck C, Adams M, Chadwick G, Blieck EA, McCallum C, Deuel L, Clarke A, Stewart R, Adams WH, Paulson H, Fiedorowicz JG, Hanson JM, Ramza N, Priller J, Ecker D. Inaugural Huntington Disease Clinical Research Symposium Organized by the Huntington Study Group. Neurotherapeutics 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nurt.2007.10.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Affiliation(s)
- S Pathak
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, James Paget Hospital, Great Yarmouth, Norfolk, UK.
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Preston J, Hofferbert WL. Preparation of poly amides via the phosphorylation reaction. I. Wholly aromatic polyamides and polyamide-hydrazides. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/polc.5070650104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Hawley CM, Kearsley J, Campbell SB, Mudge DW, Isbel NM, Johnson DW, May K, Preston J, Griffin A, Wall D, Burke J, McTaggart SJ, Frohloff G, Nicol D. Estimated donor glomerular filtration rate is the most important donor characteristic predicting graft function in recipients of kidneys from live donors. Transpl Int 2007; 20:64-72. [PMID: 17181655 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-2277.2006.00400.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We hypothesized that predictors of outcome in live donor transplants were likely to differ significantly from deceased donor transplants, in which cold ischaemia time, cause of donor death and other donor factors are the most important predictors. The primary aim was to explore the independent predictors of graft function in recipients of live donor kidneys (LDK). Our secondary aim was to determine which donor characteristics are the most useful predictors. A retrospective analysis was undertaken of all patients receiving live donor (n = 206) renal transplants at our institution between 31 May 1994 and 15 October 2002. Twelve patients were excluded from the analysis. Follow-up was completed on all patients until graft loss, death or 22 November 2003. We explored predictors of Nankivell glomerular filtration rate (GFR) at 6 months by multivariate linear regression. In the 194 patients studied, the mean recipient 6-month Nankivell GFR was 59 +/- 15 ml/min/1.73 m(2). Independent predictors of recipient GFR in at 6 months were donor Cockcroft-Gault GFR (CrCl; beta 0.16; CI 0.13 to 0.29; P < 0.0001), steroid resistant rejection (beta-6.07; CI -12.05 to -0.09; P = 0.006) and delayed graft function (DGF) (beta-10.0; CI -19.52 to -0.49; P = 0.039). Renal function in an LDK transplant recipients is predicted by donor GFR, episodes of steroid resistant rejection and DGF. Importantly, donor Cockcroft-Gault GFR is the most important characteristic for predicting the recipient renal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmel M Hawley
- Department of Nephrology, Southern Clinical School, University of Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
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Abstract
Pulse-shape discrimination (PSD) has been utilised for about 40 years as a method to obtain estimates for dose in mixed neutron and photon fields. Digitizers that operate close to GHz are currently available at a reasonable cost, and they can be used to directly sample signals from photomultiplier tubes. This permits one to perform digital PSD rather than the traditional, and well-established, analogoue techniques. One issue that complicates PSD for neutrons in mixed fields is that the light output characteristics of typical scintillators available for PSD, such as BC501A, vary as a function of energy deposited in the detector. This behaviour is more easily accommodated with digital processing of signals than with analogoue signal processing. Results illustrate the effectiveness of digital PSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- L F Miller
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-2300, USA.
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Black WB, Preston J, Morgan HS, Raumann G, Lilyquist MR. Some Physical and Mechanical Properties of Some High-Modulus Fibers Prepared from All-Para Aromatic Polyamide-Hydrazides. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/00222337308061135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Preston J, Morgan HS, Black WB. High Modulus Wholly Aromatic Fibers. III. Random Copolymers Containing Hydrazide and/or Carbonamide Linkages. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/00222337308061143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Randall JC, Morrison RW, Preston J. Self-Regulating Polycondensations. III. NMR Analysis of Oligomers Derived from Terephthaloyl Chloride and p-Aminobenzhydrazide. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/00222337308061134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Morrison RW, Preston J, Randall JC, Black WB. Self-Reguiating Poiycondensations. II. A Study of the Order Present in Polyamide-Hydrazides Derived from Terephthaloyl Chloride and p-Aminobenzhydrazide. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/00222337308061133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Preston J, Black WB, Hofferbert WL. High-Modulus Wholly Aromatic Fibers. I. Wholly Ordered Polyamide-Hydrazides and Poly-1,3,4-oxadiazole—Amides. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/00222337308061131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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