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Mikhaeil JS, Jalali H, Orchanian-Cheff A, Chartier LB. Quality Assurance Processes Ensuring Appropriate Follow-up of Test Results Pending at Discharge in Emergency Departments: A Systematic Review. Ann Emerg Med 2020; 76:659-674. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2020.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Mikhaeil JS, Pepper CG, Hayward GC. Mechanisms of opioid‐induced respiratory depression in sleep apnoea: new insights for anaesthesiology. J Physiol 2020; 598:3827-3828. [DOI: 10.1113/jp280214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Connor G. Pepper
- Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry Western University London ON Canada
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Mikhaeil JS, Celo E, Shanahan J, Harvey B, Sipos B, Law MP. Attend: A Two-Pronged Trial to Eliminate No Shows in Diagnostic Imaging at a Community-Based Hospital. J Med Imaging Radiat Sci 2019; 50:36-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmir.2018.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Fajardo VA, Mikhaeil JS, Leveille CF, Tupling AR, LeBlanc PJ. Elevated whole muscle phosphatidylcholine: phosphatidylethanolamine ratio coincides with reduced SERCA activity in murine overloaded plantaris muscles. Lipids Health Dis 2018. [PMID: 29534725 PMCID: PMC5851149 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-018-0687-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An increase in phosphatidylcholine:phosphatidylethanolamine (PC:PE) and a decrease in fatty acyl chain length, monounsaturated:polyunsaturated (MUFA:PUFA) fatty acyl ratio reduces SERCA activity in liposomes and in mouse models of obesity and muscular dystrophy. We have previously shown that maximal SERCA activity is significantly reduced in mechanically overloaded (OVL) plantaris, however, whether changes in PC:PE ratio or fatty acyl composition may contribute to the alterations in maximal SERCA activity remain unknown. Here, we tested the hypotheses that in OVL plantaris 1) PC:PE ratio would negatively correlate with maximal SERCA activity and 2) PC fatty acyl chain length (ACL) and/or MUFA:PUFA ratio would positively correlate with maximal SERCA activity. METHODS To overload plantaris in mice, we transected the soleus and gastrocnemius tendons from one leg, while the contralateral leg underwent a sham surgery. After two weeks, plantaris muscles were extracted, homogenized and processed for SERCA activity and lipid analyses. Specifically, we performed HPTLC densitometry to examine changes in PC, PE, and the ratio of PC:PE. We also performed gas chromatography to assess any potential changes to fatty acyl composition. RESULTS SERCA activity was significantly reduced in OVL plantaris compared with sham. Coinciding with this, we found a significant increase in PC but not PE in OVL plantaris. In turn, there was an increase in PC:PE but did not reach significance (p = 0.09). However, we found a significant negative correlation between PC:PE and maximal SERCA activity. Fatty acyl composition of PE remained similar between OLV and sham and PC demonstrated higher percent mole fraction of 17:1, 18:1, and ACL compared to sham. In addition, PC ACL, % MUFA, % PUFA, or MUFA:PUFA did not significantly correlate with maximal SERCA activity. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that the phospholipid headgroup PC:PE negatively correlated and could potentially contribute to reductions in SERCA activity seen in functionally overloaded plantaris. In contrast, fatty acyl chain (ACL, % MUFA, % PUFA, MUFA:PUFA) did not correlate with maximal SERCA activity. Future studies will determine whether altering PC:PE with genetic and dietary interventions can influence SERCA activity and ultimately change the physiological outcome in response to muscle overloading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Val A Fajardo
- Department of Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, L2S 3A1, Canada.,Centre for Bone and Muscle Health, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
| | - John S Mikhaeil
- Department of Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, L2S 3A1, Canada.,Centre for Bone and Muscle Health, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
| | - Cameron F Leveille
- Department of Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, L2S 3A1, Canada.,Centre for Bone and Muscle Health, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
| | - A Russell Tupling
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Paul J LeBlanc
- Department of Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, L2S 3A1, Canada. .,Centre for Bone and Muscle Health, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada.
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Trottier SK, MacPherson REK, Knuth CM, Townsend LK, Peppler WT, Mikhaeil JS, Leveille CF, LeBlanc PJ, Shearer J, Reimer RA, Wright DC. Dairy Attenuates Weight Gain to a Similar Extent as Exercise in Rats Fed a High-Fat, High-Sugar Diet. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2017; 25:1707-1715. [PMID: 28782917 DOI: 10.1002/oby.21941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the individual and combined effects of dairy and endurance exercise training in reducing weight gain and adiposity in a rodent model of diet-induced obesity. METHODS An 8-week feeding intervention of a high-fat, high-sugar diet was used to induce obesity in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Rats were then assigned to one of four groups for 6 weeks: (1) casein sedentary (casein-S), (2) casein exercise (casein-E), (3) dairy sedentary (dairy-S), and (4) dairy exercise (dairy-E). Rats were exercise trained by treadmill running 5 d/wk. RESULTS Dairy-E prevented weight gain to a greater extent than either dairy or exercise alone. Adipose tissue and liver mass were reduced to a similar extent in dairy-S, casein-E, and dairy-E groups. Differences in weight gain were not explained by food intake or total energy expenditure. The total amount of lipid excreted was greater in the dairy-S compared to casein-S and dairy-E groups. CONCLUSIONS This study provides evidence that dairy limits weight gain to a similar extent as exercise training and the combined effects are greater than either intervention alone. While exercise training reduces weight gain through increases in energy expenditure, dairy appears to increase lipid excretion in the feces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah K Trottier
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rebecca E K MacPherson
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada
| | - Carly M Knuth
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Logan K Townsend
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Willem T Peppler
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - John S Mikhaeil
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cam F Leveille
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paul J LeBlanc
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jane Shearer
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Raylene A Reimer
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - David C Wright
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
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Mikhaeil JS, Sacco SM, Saint C, Gittings W, Bunda J, Giles CR, Fajardo VA, Vandenboom R, Ward WE, LeBlanc PJ. Influence of longitudinal radiation exposure from microcomputed tomography scanning on skeletal muscle function and metabolic activity in female CD-1 mice. Physiol Rep 2017; 5:5/13/e13338. [PMID: 28676556 PMCID: PMC5506525 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Microcomputed tomography (μCT) is an imaging technology to assess bone microarchitecture, a determinant of bone strength. When measured in vivo, μCT exposes the skeletal site of interest to a dose of radiation, in addition to nearby skeletal muscles as well. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effects of repeated radiation exposure from in vivo μCT on muscle health – specifically, muscle morphometrics, contractile function, and enzyme activity. This study exposed the right hind limb of female mice to either a low (26 cGy) or moderate (46 cGy) dose, at 2, 4, and 6 months of age, while the left hind limb of the same animal was exposed to a single dose at 6 months to serve as a nonirradiated control. Muscle weight, cross‐sectional area, isometric contractile function, and representative maximal enzyme activities of amino acid, fatty acid, glucose, and oxidative metabolism in extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and soleus were assessed. Low‐dose radiation had no effect. In contrast, moderate‐dose radiation resulted in a 5% increase in time‐to‐peak tension and 16% increase in half‐relaxation time of isometric twitches in EDL, although these changes were not seen when normalized to force. Moderate‐dose radiation also resulted in an ~33% decrease in citrate synthase activity in soleus but not EDL, with no changes to the other enzymes measured. Thus, three low doses of radiation over 6 months had no effect on contractile function or metabolic enzyme activity in soleus and EDL of female mice. In contrast, three moderate doses of radiation over 6 months induced some effects on metabolic enzyme activity in soleus but not EDL. Future studies that wish to investigate muscle tissue that is adjacent to scanned bone should take radiation exposure dose into consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- John S Mikhaeil
- Centre for Bone and Muscle Health, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontaria, Canada.,Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontaria, Canada
| | - Sandra M Sacco
- Centre for Bone and Muscle Health, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontaria, Canada.,Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontaria, Canada
| | - Caitlin Saint
- Centre for Bone and Muscle Health, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontaria, Canada.,Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontaria, Canada
| | - William Gittings
- Centre for Bone and Muscle Health, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontaria, Canada.,Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontaria, Canada
| | - Jordan Bunda
- Centre for Bone and Muscle Health, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontaria, Canada.,Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontaria, Canada
| | - Cameron R Giles
- Centre for Bone and Muscle Health, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontaria, Canada.,Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontaria, Canada
| | - Val A Fajardo
- Centre for Bone and Muscle Health, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontaria, Canada.,Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontaria, Canada
| | - Rene Vandenboom
- Centre for Bone and Muscle Health, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontaria, Canada.,Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontaria, Canada
| | - Wendy E Ward
- Centre for Bone and Muscle Health, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontaria, Canada.,Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontaria, Canada.,Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontaria, Canada
| | - Paul J LeBlanc
- Centre for Bone and Muscle Health, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontaria, Canada .,Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontaria, Canada
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Leveille CF, Mikhaeil JS, Turner KD, Silvera S, Wilkinson J, Fajardo VA. Mitochondrial cristae density: a dynamic entity that is critical for energy production and metabolic power in skeletal muscle. J Physiol 2017; 595:2779-2780. [PMID: 28217967 DOI: 10.1113/jp274158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Cameron F Leveille
- Department of Health Sciences and Centre for Bone and Muscle Health, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada, L2S 3A1
| | - John S Mikhaeil
- Department of Health Sciences and Centre for Bone and Muscle Health, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada, L2S 3A1
| | - Kelli D Turner
- Department of Health Sciences and Centre for Bone and Muscle Health, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada, L2S 3A1
| | - Sebastian Silvera
- Department of Health Sciences and Centre for Bone and Muscle Health, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada, L2S 3A1
| | - Jennifer Wilkinson
- Department of Health Sciences and Centre for Bone and Muscle Health, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada, L2S 3A1
| | - Val A Fajardo
- Department of Health Sciences and Centre for Bone and Muscle Health, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada, L2S 3A1
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