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Devriese J, Beels L, Maes A, Van de Wiele C, Pottel H. Impact of PET reconstruction protocols on quantification of lesions that fulfil the PERCIST lesion inclusion criteria. EJNMMI Phys 2018; 5:35. [PMID: 30523429 PMCID: PMC6283809 DOI: 10.1186/s40658-018-0235-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to compare liver and oncologic lesion standardized uptake values (SUV) obtained through two different reconstruction protocols, GE's newest clinical lesion detection protocol (Q.Clear) and the EANM Research Ltd (EARL) harmonization protocol, and to assess the clinical relevance of potential differences and possible implications for daily clinical practice using the PERCIST lesional inclusion criteria. NEMA phantom recovery coefficients (RC) and SUV normalized for lean body mass (LBM), referred to as SUV normalized for LBM (SUL), of liver and lesion volumes of interest were compared between the two reconstruction protocols. Head-to-toe PET/CT examinations and raw data from 64 patients were retrospectively retrieved. PET image reconstruction was carried out twice: once optimized for quantification, complying with EARL accreditation requirements, and once optimized for lesion detection, according to GE's Q.Clear reconstruction settings. RESULTS The two reconstruction protocols showed different NEMA phantom RC values for different sphere sizes. Q.Clear values were always highest and exceeded the EARL accreditation maximum for smaller spheres. Comparison of liver SULmean showed a statistically significant but clinically irrelevant difference between both protocols. Comparison of lesion SULpeak and SULmax showed a statistically significant, and clinically relevant, difference of 1.64 and 4.57, respectively. CONCLUSIONS For treatment response assessment using PERCIST criteria, the harmonization reconstruction protocol should be used as the lesion detection reconstruction protocol using resolution recovery systematically overestimates true SUL values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joke Devriese
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care @ Kulak, KU Leuven campus Kulak, Etienne Sabbelaan 53, 8500, Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Laurence Beels
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, AZ Groeninge, President Kennedylaan 4, 8500, Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Alex Maes
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, AZ Groeninge, President Kennedylaan 4, 8500, Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Christophe Van de Wiele
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, AZ Groeninge, President Kennedylaan 4, 8500, Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Hans Pottel
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care @ Kulak, KU Leuven campus Kulak, Etienne Sabbelaan 53, 8500, Kortrijk, Belgium.
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Dejaeger M, Böhm AM, Dirckx N, Devriese J, Nefyodova E, Cardoen R, St-Arnaud R, Tournoy J, Luyten FP, Maes C. Integrin-Linked Kinase Regulates Bone Formation by Controlling Cytoskeletal Organization and Modulating BMP and Wnt Signaling in Osteoprogenitors. J Bone Miner Res 2017; 32:2087-2102. [PMID: 28574598 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.3190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2016] [Revised: 05/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cell-matrix interactions constitute a fundamental aspect of skeletal cell biology and play essential roles in bone homeostasis. These interactions are primarily mediated by transmembrane integrin receptors, which mediate cell adhesion and transduce signals from the extracellular matrix to intracellular responses via various downstream effectors, including integrin-linked kinase (ILK). ILK functions as adaptor protein at focal adhesion sites, linking integrins to the actin cytoskeleton, and has been reported to act as a kinase phosphorylating signaling molecules such as GSK-3β and Akt. Thereby, ILK plays important roles in cellular attachment, motility, proliferation and survival. To assess the in vivo role of ILK signaling in osteoprogenitors and the osteoblast lineage cells descending thereof, we generated conditional knockout mice using the Osx-Cre:GFP driver strain. Mice lacking functional ILK in osterix-expressing cells and their derivatives showed no apparent developmental or growth phenotype, but by 5 weeks of age they displayed a significantly reduced trabecular bone mass, which persisted into adulthood in male mice. Histomorphometry and serum analysis indicated no alterations in osteoclast formation and activity, but provided evidence that osteoblast function was impaired, resulting in reduced bone mineralization and increased accumulation of unmineralized osteoid. In vitro analyses further substantiated that absence of ILK in osteogenic cells was associated with compromised collagen matrix production and mineralization. Mechanistically, we found evidence for both impaired cytoskeletal functioning and reduced signal transduction in osteoblasts lacking ILK. Indeed, loss of ILK in primary osteogenic cells impaired F-actin organization, cellular adhesion, spreading, and migration, indicative of defective coupling of cell-matrix interactions to the cytoskeleton. In addition, BMP/Smad and Wnt/β-catenin signaling was reduced in the absence of ILK. Taken together, these data demonstrate the importance of integrin-mediated cell-matrix interactions and ILK signaling in osteoprogenitors in the control of osteoblast functioning during juvenile bone mass acquisition and adult bone remodeling and homeostasis. © 2017 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marian Dejaeger
- Laboratory of Skeletal Cell Biology and Physiology (SCEBP), Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center (SBE), Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Anna-Marei Böhm
- Laboratory of Skeletal Cell Biology and Physiology (SCEBP), Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center (SBE), Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Naomi Dirckx
- Laboratory of Skeletal Cell Biology and Physiology (SCEBP), Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center (SBE), Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Joke Devriese
- Laboratory of Skeletal Cell Biology and Physiology (SCEBP), Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center (SBE), Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Elena Nefyodova
- Laboratory of Skeletal Cell Biology and Physiology (SCEBP), Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center (SBE), Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ruben Cardoen
- Laboratory of Skeletal Cell Biology and Physiology (SCEBP), Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center (SBE), Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - René St-Arnaud
- Shriners Hospital for Children, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Jos Tournoy
- Geriatric Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Frank P Luyten
- Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center (SBE), Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Christa Maes
- Laboratory of Skeletal Cell Biology and Physiology (SCEBP), Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center (SBE), Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Devriese J, Beels L, Van De Wiele C, Maes A, Gheysens O, Pottel H. Preclinical validation of automated dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and computed tomography-based body composition measurements. Q J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2016; 60:40-47. [PMID: 26672629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to determine and validate a set of Hounsfield unit (HU) ranges to segment computed tomography (CT) images into tissue types and to test the validity of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) tissue segmentation on pure, unmixed porcine tissues. METHODS This preclinical prospective study was approved by the local ethical committee. Different quantities of porcine bone tissue (BT), lean tissue (LT) and adipose tissue (AT) were scanned using DXA and CT. Tissue type segmentation in DXA was performed via the standard clinical protocol and in CT through different sets of HU ranges. Percent coefficients of variation (%CV) were used to assess precision while % differences of observed masses were tested against zero using the Wilcoxon signed-rank Test. RESULTS Total mass DXA measurements differ little but significantly (P=0.016) from true mass, while total mass CT measurements based on literature values show non-significant (P=0.69) differences of 1.7% and 2.0%. BT mass estimates with DXA differed more from true mass (median -78.2 to -75.8%) than other tissue types (median -11.3 to -8.1%). Tissue mass estimates with CT and literature HU ranges showed small differences from true mass for every tissue type (median -10.4 to 8.8%). CONCLUSION The most suited method for automated tissue segmentation is CT and can become a valuable tool in quantitative nuclear medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joke Devriese
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Kulak, KU Leuven campus Kortrijk, Kortrijk, Belgium -
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Devriese J, Beels L, Maes A, Van De Wiele C, Gheysens O, Pottel H. Review of clinically accessible methods to determine lean body mass for normalization of standardized uptake values. Q J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2016; 60:1-11. [PMID: 26576735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
With the routine use of 2-deoxy-2-[18F]-fluoro-D-glucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) scans, metabolic activity of tumors can be quantitatively assessed through calculation of SUVs. One possible normalization parameter for the standardized uptake value (SUV) is lean body mass (LBM), which is generally calculated through predictive equations based on height and body weight. (Semi-)direct measurements of LBM could provide more accurate results in cancer populations than predictive equations based on healthy populations. In this context, four methods to determine LBM are reviewed: bioelectrical impedance analysis, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. CT, and magnetic resonance imaging. These methods were selected based on clinical accessibility and are compared in terms of methodology, precision and accuracy. By assessing each method's specific advantages and limitations, a well-considered choice of method can hopefully lead to more accurate SUVLBM values, hence more accurate quantitative assessment of 18F-FDG PET images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joke Devriese
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care KU Leuven campus Kortrijk, Kortrijk, Belgium -
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Devriese J, Dhar M, Walleghem D, van West D. [Hallucinations and obsessive behaviour in an infant with autism spectrum disorder: diagnostic problems]. Tijdschr Psychiatr 2015; 57:608-612. [PMID: 26402898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Regular non-medical treatment of a 6-year-old female patient with autism spectrum disorder failed due to comorbid compulsions and hallucinations. Differential diagnosis included obsessive-compulsive disorder and psychosis. The patient's young age complicated accurate diagnosis and management. In this case we opted for a diagnostic follow-up, resulting in treatment with a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor because of the patient's frequent compulsions. This reduced the symptoms significantly.
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