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Redkiewicz P, Dyniewicz J, Witkowska E, Misicka A, Lipiński PFJ. The influence of a synthetic growth hormone-releasing hormone analogue G11 and opioid peptide biphalin on selected fibroblasts parameters relevant to wound healing. J Pept Sci 2023; 29:e3487. [PMID: 36898693 DOI: 10.1002/psc.3487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
The treatment of hard-to-heal chronic wounds is still a major medical problem and an economic and social burden. In this work, we examine the proregenerative potential of two peptides, G11 (a trypsin-resistant analogue of growth hormone-releasing hormone [GHRH]) and biphalin (opioid peptide), and their combination in vitro on human fibroblasts (BJ). G11, biphalin and their combination exhibited no toxicity against BJ cells. On the contrary, these treatments significantly stimulated proliferation and migration of fibroblasts. Under inflammatory conditions (LPS-induced BJ cells), we noticed that the tested peptides decreased the levels of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and interleukin 1β (IL-1β). This was correlated with diminished phosphorylation levels of p38 kinase, but not those of ERK1/2. We found also that G11, biphalin and their combination activated the ERK1/2 signalling pathway, which has been previously implicated in promigratory activity of some regeneration enhancers, including opioids or GHRH analogues. Potential application of their combination requires further work, in particular in vivo experiments, in which the organism-level relevance of the discussed cell-level effects would be proven and, additionally, analgesic action of the opioid ingredient could be quantified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja Redkiewicz
- Department of Neuropeptides, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawińskiego Street, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jolanta Dyniewicz
- Department of Neuropeptides, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawińskiego Street, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Witkowska
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Misicka
- Department of Neuropeptides, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawińskiego Street, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr F J Lipiński
- Department of Neuropeptides, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawińskiego Street, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
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2
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Kossoń P, Dyniewicz J, Lipiński PFJ, Matalińska J, Misicka A, Bojarski AJ, Mordalski S. Gα i-derived peptide binds the µ-opioid receptor. Pharmacol Rep 2023; 75:465-473. [PMID: 36840824 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-023-00457-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) transduce external stimuli into the cell by G proteins via an allosteric mechanism. Agonist binding to the receptor stimulates GDP/GTP exchange within the heterotrimeric G protein complex, whereas recent structures of GPCR-G protein complexes revealed that the H5, S1 and S2 domains of Gα are involved in binding the active receptor, earlier studies showed that a short peptide analog derived from the C-terminus (H5) of the G protein transducin (Gt) is sufficient to stabilize rhodopsin in an active form. METHODS We have used Molecular Dynamics simulations along with biological evaluation by means of radio-ligand binding assay to study the interactions between Gαi-derived peptide (G-peptide) and the µ-opioid receptor (µOR). RESULTS Here, we show that a Gαi-derived peptide of 12 amino acids binds the µ-opioid receptor and acts as an allosteric modulator. The Gαi-derived peptide increases µOR affinity for its agonist morphine in a dose-dependent way. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that the GPCR-Gα peptide interaction observed so far for only rhodopsin can be extrapolated to µOR. In addition, we show that the C-terminal peptide of the Gαi subunit is sufficient to stabilize the active conformation of the receptor. Our approach opens the possibility to investigate the GPCR-G protein interface with peptide modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Kossoń
- Department of Neuropeptides, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jolanta Dyniewicz
- Department of Neuropeptides, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr F J Lipiński
- Department of Neuropeptides, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Matalińska
- Department of Neuropeptides, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Misicka
- Department of Neuropeptides, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej J Bojarski
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Maj Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences, Smetna 12, 313-343, Kraków, Poland
| | - Stefan Mordalski
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Maj Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences, Smetna 12, 313-343, Kraków, Poland.
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3
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Rode JE, Lyczko K, Kosińska K, Matalińska J, Dyniewicz J, Misicka A, Dobrowolski JC, Lipiński PFJ. The solid state VCD of a novel N-acylhydrazone trifluoroacetate. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2022; 269:120761. [PMID: 34954483 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A novel N-acylhydrazone with pharmaceutical importance was subject of structural and IR/VCD investigations in the solid state. In the crystal structure, dimers of anion-cation pairs are stabilized by H-bonding and ionic interactions. Some less common interaction types, like C=N···C-NH3+ (σ-hole) interactions, hydrazone-aromatic interactions and dispersive contacts of the CF3 groups are also present in the crystal. Satisfactory reproduction of the solid state IR and VCD spectra required that quantum-chemical calculations be done on a tetramer (four cation-anion pairs) cut out from the crystal structure, exhibiting key intermolecular interactions. Ten DFT functionals were assessed as to the agreement between the calculated and experimental spectra. Various approaches to scaling of the calculated frequencies were applied. The best results were yielded with individual (optimized) frequency scaling factors (FSFs) and band half-widths at half maximum-(HWHM) for four separate spectral subregions. The best matching between the experimental and theoretical spectra (according to SimIR, SimVCD and SimVDF indices) was found for the B3PW91 functional, however, a few other functionals follow closely in the ranking. Based on the quantum chemical calculations, spectral assignments have been made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna E Rode
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, 16 Dorodna Street, PL 03-195 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Lyczko
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, 16 Dorodna Street, PL 03-195 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kosińska
- Department of Neuropeptides, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawińskiego Street, PL 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Matalińska
- Department of Neuropeptides, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawińskiego Street, PL 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jolanta Dyniewicz
- Department of Neuropeptides, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawińskiego Street, PL 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Misicka
- Department of Neuropeptides, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawińskiego Street, PL 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jan Cz Dobrowolski
- Department for Medicines Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, National Medicines Institute, 30/34 Chełmska Street, PL 00-725 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr F J Lipiński
- Department of Neuropeptides, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawińskiego Street, PL 02-106 Warsaw, Poland.
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Witkowska E, Godlewska M, Osiejuk J, Gątarz S, Wileńska B, Kosińska K, Starnowska-Sokół J, Piotrowska A, Lipiński PFJ, Matalińska J, Dyniewicz J, Halik PK, Gniazdowska E, Przewlocka B, Misicka A. Bifunctional Opioid/Melanocortin Peptidomimetics for Use in Neuropathic Pain: Variation in the Type and Length of the Linker Connecting the Two Pharmacophores. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:674. [PMID: 35054860 PMCID: PMC8775902 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Based on the mechanism of neuropathic pain induction, a new type of bifunctional hybrid peptidomimetics was obtained for potential use in this type of pain. Hybrids consist of two types of pharmacophores that are connected by different types of linkers. The first pharmacophore is an opioid agonist, and the second pharmacophore is an antagonist of the pronociceptive system, i.e., an antagonist of the melanocortin-4 receptor. The results of tests in acute and neuropathic pain models of the obtained compounds have shown that the type of linker used to connect pharmacophores had an effect on antinociceptive activity. Peptidomimetics containing longer flexible linkers were very effective at low doses in the neuropathic pain model. To elucidate the effect of linker lengths, two hybrids showing very high activity and two hybrids with lower activity were further tested for affinity for opioid (mu, delta) and melanocortin-4 receptors. Their complexes with the target receptors were also studied by molecular modelling. Our results do not show a simple relationship between linker length and affinity for particular receptor types but suggest that activity in neuropathic pain is related to a proper balance of receptor affinity rather than maximum binding to any or all of the target receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Witkowska
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (M.G.); (J.O.); (S.G.); (B.W.); (K.K.)
| | - Magda Godlewska
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (M.G.); (J.O.); (S.G.); (B.W.); (K.K.)
| | - Jowita Osiejuk
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (M.G.); (J.O.); (S.G.); (B.W.); (K.K.)
| | - Sandra Gątarz
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (M.G.); (J.O.); (S.G.); (B.W.); (K.K.)
| | - Beata Wileńska
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (M.G.); (J.O.); (S.G.); (B.W.); (K.K.)
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, 101 Zwirki i Wigury St., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kosińska
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (M.G.); (J.O.); (S.G.); (B.W.); (K.K.)
| | - Joanna Starnowska-Sokół
- Department of Pain Pharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smetna Str., 31-343 Krakow, Poland; (J.S.-S.); (A.P.); (B.P.)
| | - Anna Piotrowska
- Department of Pain Pharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smetna Str., 31-343 Krakow, Poland; (J.S.-S.); (A.P.); (B.P.)
| | - Piotr F. J. Lipiński
- Department of Neuropeptides, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (P.F.J.L.); (J.M.); (J.D.)
| | - Joanna Matalińska
- Department of Neuropeptides, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (P.F.J.L.); (J.M.); (J.D.)
| | - Jolanta Dyniewicz
- Department of Neuropeptides, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (P.F.J.L.); (J.M.); (J.D.)
| | - Paweł K. Halik
- Centre of Radiochemistry and Nuclear Chemistry, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16, 03-195 Warsaw, Poland; (P.K.H.); (E.G.)
| | - Ewa Gniazdowska
- Centre of Radiochemistry and Nuclear Chemistry, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16, 03-195 Warsaw, Poland; (P.K.H.); (E.G.)
| | - Barbara Przewlocka
- Department of Pain Pharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smetna Str., 31-343 Krakow, Poland; (J.S.-S.); (A.P.); (B.P.)
| | - Aleksandra Misicka
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (M.G.); (J.O.); (S.G.); (B.W.); (K.K.)
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, 101 Zwirki i Wigury St., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
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Redkiewicz P, Dyniewicz J, Misicka A. Biphalin-A Potent Opioid Agonist-As a Panacea for Opioid System-Dependent Pathophysiological Diseases? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11347. [PMID: 34768778 PMCID: PMC8582929 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Biphalin, one of the opioid agonists, is a dimeric analog of enkephalin with a high affinity for opioid receptors. Opioid receptors are widespread in the central nervous system and in peripheral neuronal and non-neuronal tissues. Hence, these receptors and their agonists, which play an important role in pain blocking, may also be involved in the regulation of other physiological functions. Biphalin was designed and synthesized in 1982 by Lipkowski as an analgesic peptide. Extensive further research in various laboratories on the antinociceptive effects of biphalin has shown its excellent properties. It has been demonstrated that biphalin exhibits an analgesic effect in acute, neuropathic, and chronic animal pain models, and is 1000 times more potent than morphine when administered intrathecally. In the course of the broad conducted research devoted primarily to the antinociceptive effect of this compound, it has been found that biphalin may also potentially participate in the regulation of other opioid system-dependent functions. Nearly 40 years of research on the properties of biphalin have shown that it may play a beneficial role as an antiviral, antiproliferative, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective agent, and may also affect many physiological functions. This integral review analyzes the literature on the multidirectional biological effects of biphalin and its potential in the treatment of many opioid system-dependent pathophysiological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja Redkiewicz
- Department of Neuropeptides, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute Polish Academy of Sciences, 02106 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Jolanta Dyniewicz
- Department of Neuropeptides, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute Polish Academy of Sciences, 02106 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Aleksandra Misicka
- Department of Neuropeptides, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute Polish Academy of Sciences, 02106 Warsaw, Poland;
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, 02093 Warsaw, Poland
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6
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Dyniewicz J, Lipiński PFJ, Kosson P, Bochyńska-Czyż M, Matalińska J, Misicka A. Antinociceptive and Cytotoxic Activity of Opioid Peptides with Hydrazone and Hydrazide Moieties at the C-Terminus. Molecules 2020; 25:E3429. [PMID: 32731576 PMCID: PMC7435865 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25153429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present contribution, we analyze the influence that C-terminal extension of short opioid peptide sequences by organic fragments has on receptor affinity, in vivo analgesic activity, and antimelanoma properties. The considered fragments were based on either N-acylhydrazone (NAH) or N'-acylhydrazide motifs combined with the 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl moiety. Eleven novel compounds were synthesized and subject to biological evaluation. The analyzed compounds exhibit a diversified range of affinities for the µ opioid receptor (MOR), rather low δ opioid receptor (DOR) affinities, and no appreciable neurokinin-1 receptor binding. In three out of four pairs, N-acylhydrazone-based derivatives bind MOR better than their N'-acylhydrazide counterparts. The best of the novel derivatives have similar low nanomolar MOR binding affinity as the reference opioids, such as morphine and biphalin. The obtained order of MOR affinities was compared to the results of molecular docking. In vivo, four tested compounds turned out to be relatively strong analgesics. Finally, the NAH-based analogues reduce the number of melanoma cells in cell culture, while their N'-acylhydrazide counterparts do not. The antimelanoma properties are roughly correlated to the lipophilicity of the compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolanta Dyniewicz
- Department of Neuropeptides, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (M.B.-C.); (J.M.)
| | - Piotr F. J. Lipiński
- Department of Neuropeptides, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (M.B.-C.); (J.M.)
| | - Piotr Kosson
- Toxicology Research Laboratory, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Marta Bochyńska-Czyż
- Department of Neuropeptides, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (M.B.-C.); (J.M.)
| | - Joanna Matalińska
- Department of Neuropeptides, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (M.B.-C.); (J.M.)
| | - Aleksandra Misicka
- Department of Neuropeptides, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (M.B.-C.); (J.M.)
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
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7
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Matalińska J, Lipiński PFJ, Kotlarz A, Kosson P, Muchowska A, Dyniewicz J. Evaluation of Receptor Affinity, Analgesic Activity and Cytotoxicity of a Hybrid Peptide, AWL3020. Int J Pept Res Ther 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-020-10051-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
AbstractIn the present contribution we report design, synthesis and evaluation of receptor affinity, analgesic activity and cytotoxicity of a hybrid peptide, AWL3020. The peptide includes two pharmacophores, one of δ-opioid receptor (δOR) agonists and one of neurokinin-1 receptor (NK1R) antagonists. The design was motivated by the desire to obtain a compound with strong analgesic action and potential additional antiproliferative action. The compound displays high δOR affinity (IC50 = 29.5 nM). On the other hand, it has only poor affinity for the NK1R (IC50 = 70.28 μM). The substance shows good analgesic action which is however weaker than that of morphine. Regarding the effect on proliferation, the compound exhibits no pro-proliferative action in the assayed range. In higher concentrations, it has also cytotoxic activity. This effect is however not selective. The strongest effect of AWL3020 was found for melanoma MeW164 cell line (EC50 = 46.27 μM in reduction of cell numbers after a few days of incubation; EC50 = 37.78 μM in MTT assay).
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8
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Wilenska B, Tymecka D, Włodarczyk M, Sobolewska-Włodarczyk A, Wiśniewska-Jarosińska M, Dyniewicz J, Somogyi Á, Fichna J, Misicka A. Enkephalin degradation in serum of patients with inflammatory bowel diseases. Pharmacol Rep 2019; 71:42-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 06/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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9
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Gawryś O, Baranowska I, Gawarecka K, Świeżewska E, Dyniewicz J, Olszyński KH, Masnyk M, Chmielewski M, Kompanowska-Jezierska E. Innovative lipid-based carriers containing cationic derivatives of polyisoprenoid alcohols augment the antihypertensive effectiveness of candesartan in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Hypertens Res 2018; 41:234-245. [PMID: 29440705 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-018-0011-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Revised: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Novel lipid-based carriers, composed of cationic derivatives of polyisoprenoid alcohols (amino-prenols, APrens) and 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE), were designed. The carriers, which were previously shown to be nontoxic to living organisms, were now tested if suitable for administration of candesartan, an antihypertensive drug. Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) received injections of candesartan (0.1 mg/kg body weight per day; s.c.) in freshly prepared carriers for two weeks. The rats' arterial pressure was measured by telemetry. Urine and blood collection were performed in metabolic cages. In a separate group of SHR, the pharmacokinetics of the new formulation was evaluated after a single subcutaneous injection. The antihypertensive activity of candesartan administered in DOPE dispersions containing APrens was distinctly greater than that of candesartan dispersions composed of DOPE only or administered in the classic solvent (sodium carbonate). The pharmacokinetic parameters clearly demonstrated that candesartan in APren carriers reached the bloodstream more rapidly and in much greater concentration (almost throughout the whole observation) than the same drug administered in dispersions of DOPE only or in solvent. Serum creatinine (PCr) decreased significantly only in the group receiving candesartan in carriers with APrens (from 0.80 ± 0.04 to 0.66 ± 0.09 mg/dl; p < 0.05), whereas in the other groups PCr remained at the same level after treatment. Moreover, the new derivatives increased the loading capacity of the carriers, which is a valuable feature for any drug delivery system. Taken together, our findings led us to conclude that APrens are potentially valuable components of lipid-based drug carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Gawryś
- Department of Renal and Body Fluid Physiology, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawinskiego Street, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Iwona Baranowska
- Department of Renal and Body Fluid Physiology, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawinskiego Street, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Gawarecka
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5a Pawinskiego Street, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Świeżewska
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5a Pawinskiego Street, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jolanta Dyniewicz
- Department of Neuropeptides, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawinskiego Street, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof H Olszyński
- Behaviour and Metabolism Research Laboratory, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawinskiego Street, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marek Masnyk
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 44/52 Kasprzaka Street, 01-224, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marek Chmielewski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 44/52 Kasprzaka Street, 01-224, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Kompanowska-Jezierska
- Department of Renal and Body Fluid Physiology, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawinskiego Street, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
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Dyniewicz J, Lipiński PFJ, Kosson P, Leśniak A, Bochyńska-Czyż M, Muchowska A, Tourwé D, Ballet S, Misicka A, Lipkowski AW. Hydrazone Linker as a Useful Tool for Preparing Chimeric Peptide/Nonpeptide Bifunctional Compounds. ACS Med Chem Lett 2017; 8:73-77. [PMID: 28105278 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.6b00381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The area of multitarget compounds, joining two pharmacophores within one molecule, is a vivid field of research in medicinal chemistry. Not only pharmacophoric elements are essential for the design and activity of such compounds, but the type and length of linkers used to connect them are also crucial. In the present contribution, we describe compound 1 in which a typical opioid peptide sequence is combined with a fragment characteristic for neurokinin-1 receptor (NK1R) antagonists through a hydrazone bridge. The compound has a high affinity for μ- and δ-opioid receptors (IC50= 12.7 and 74.0 nM, respectively) and a weak affinity for the NK1R. Molecular modeling and structural considerations explain the observed activities. In in vivo test, intrathecal and intravenous administrations of 1 exhibited a strong analgesic effect, which indicates potential BBB penetration. This letter brings an exemplary application of the hydrazone linker for fast, facile, and successful preparation of chimeric compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolanta Dyniewicz
- Department
of Neuropeptides, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawińskiego Str., 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr F. J. Lipiński
- Department
of Neuropeptides, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawińskiego Str., 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Kosson
- Department
of Neuropeptides, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawińskiego Str., 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Leśniak
- Department
of Neuropeptides, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawińskiego Str., 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marta Bochyńska-Czyż
- Department
of Neuropeptides, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawińskiego Str., 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Adriana Muchowska
- Department
of Neuropeptides, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawińskiego Str., 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dirk Tourwé
- Research
Group of Organic Chemistry, Departments of Chemistry and Bio-engineering
Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Steven Ballet
- Research
Group of Organic Chemistry, Departments of Chemistry and Bio-engineering
Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Aleksandra Misicka
- Department
of Neuropeptides, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawińskiego Str., 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej W. Lipkowski
- Department
of Neuropeptides, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawińskiego Str., 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
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11
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Guillemyn K, Starnowska J, Lagard C, Dyniewicz J, Rojewska E, Mika J, Chung NN, Utard V, Kosson P, Lipkowski AW, Chevillard L, Arranz-Gibert P, Teixidó M, Megarbane B, Tourwé D, Simonin F, Przewlocka B, Schiller PW, Ballet S. Bifunctional Peptide-Based Opioid Agonist-Nociceptin Antagonist Ligands for Dual Treatment of Acute and Neuropathic Pain. J Med Chem 2016; 59:3777-92. [PMID: 27035422 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Herein, the opioid pharmacophore H-Dmt-d-Arg-Aba-β-Ala-NH2 (7) was linked to peptide ligands for the nociceptin receptor. Combination of 7 and NOP ligands (e.g., H-Arg-Tyr-Tyr-Arg-Ile-Lys-NH2) led to binding affinities in the low nanomolar domain. In vitro, the hybrids behaved as agonists at the opioid receptors and antagonists at the nociceptin receptor. Intravenous administration of hybrid 13a (H-Dmt-d-Arg-Aba-β-Ala-Arg-Tyr-Tyr-Arg-Ile-Lys-NH2) to mice resulted in potent and long lasting antinociception in the tail-flick test, indicating that 13a was able to permeate the BBB. This was further supported by a cell-based BBB model. All hybrids alleviated allodynia and hyperalgesia in neuropathic pain models. Especially with respect to hyperalgesia, they showed to be more effective than the parent compounds. Hybrid 13a did not result in significant respiratory depression, in contrast to an equipotent analgesic dose of morphine. These hybrids hence represent a promising avenue toward analgesics for the dual treatment of acute and neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karel Guillemyn
- Research Group of Organic Chemistry, Departments of Chemistry and Bio-engineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel , Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Joanna Starnowska
- Department of Pain Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences , Smetna 12, PL 31-343 Kraków, Poland
| | - Camille Lagard
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Lariboisière, Réanimation Médicale et Toxicologique, Inserm U1144, Université Paris Descartes UMR-S 1144, Université Paris Didero, UMR-S 1144 , Paris, France
| | - Jolanta Dyniewicz
- Neuropeptide Laboratory, Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences , 5 Pawinskiego Street, PL 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewelina Rojewska
- Department of Pain Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences , Smetna 12, PL 31-343 Kraków, Poland
| | - Joanna Mika
- Department of Pain Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences , Smetna 12, PL 31-343 Kraków, Poland
| | - Nga N Chung
- Department of Chemical Biology and Peptide Research, Clinical Research Institute , 110 Avenue Des Pins Ouest, Montreal, Quebec H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Valérie Utard
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, UMR7242, ESBS , 67412 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - Piotr Kosson
- Neuropeptide Laboratory, Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences , 5 Pawinskiego Street, PL 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej W Lipkowski
- Neuropeptide Laboratory, Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences , 5 Pawinskiego Street, PL 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Lucie Chevillard
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Lariboisière, Réanimation Médicale et Toxicologique, Inserm U1144, Université Paris Descartes UMR-S 1144, Université Paris Didero, UMR-S 1144 , Paris, France
| | - Pol Arranz-Gibert
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST) , Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Meritxell Teixidó
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST) , Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bruno Megarbane
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Lariboisière, Réanimation Médicale et Toxicologique, Inserm U1144, Université Paris Descartes UMR-S 1144, Université Paris Didero, UMR-S 1144 , Paris, France
| | - Dirk Tourwé
- Research Group of Organic Chemistry, Departments of Chemistry and Bio-engineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel , Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Frédéric Simonin
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, UMR7242, ESBS , 67412 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - Barbara Przewlocka
- Department of Pain Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences , Smetna 12, PL 31-343 Kraków, Poland
| | - Peter W Schiller
- Department of Chemical Biology and Peptide Research, Clinical Research Institute , 110 Avenue Des Pins Ouest, Montreal, Quebec H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Steven Ballet
- Research Group of Organic Chemistry, Departments of Chemistry and Bio-engineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel , Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
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12
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Betti C, Starnowska J, Mika J, Dyniewicz J, Frankiewicz L, Novoa A, Bochynska M, Keresztes A, Kosson P, Makuch W, Van Duppen J, Chung NN, Vanden Broeck J, Lipkowski AW, Schiller PW, Janssens F, Ceusters M, Sommen F, Meert T, Przewlocka B, Tourwé D, Ballet S. Dual Alleviation of Acute and Neuropathic Pain by Fused Opioid Agonist-Neurokinin 1 Antagonist Peptidomimetics. ACS Med Chem Lett 2015; 6:1209-14. [PMID: 26713106 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.5b00359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/31/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, the synthesis and biological evaluation of dual opioid agonists-neurokinin 1 receptor (NK1R) antagonists is described. In these multitarget ligands, the two pharmacophores do not overlap, and this allowed maintaining high NK1R affinity and antagonist potency in compounds 12 and 13. Although the fusion of the two ligands resulted in slightly diminished opioid agonism at the μ- and δ-opioid receptors (MOR and DOR, respectively), as compared to the opioid parent peptide, balanced MOR/DOR activities were obtained. Compared to morphine, compounds 12 and 13 produced more potent antinociceptive effects in both acute (tail-flick) and neuropathic pain models (von Frey and cold plate). Similarly to morphine, analgesic tolerance developed after repetitive administration of these compounds. To our delight, compound 12 did not produce cross-tolerance with morphine and high antihyperalgesic and antiallodynic effects could be reinstated after chronic administration of each of the two compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Betti
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Joanna Starnowska
- Institute
of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - Joanna Mika
- Institute
of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - Jolanta Dyniewicz
- Neuropeptide
Laboratory, Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Lukasz Frankiewicz
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Alexandre Novoa
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marta Bochynska
- Neuropeptide
Laboratory, Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Attila Keresztes
- Department
of Pharmacology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Piotr Kosson
- Neuropeptide
Laboratory, Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wioletta Makuch
- Institute
of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - Joost Van Duppen
- Animal
Physiology and Neurobiology Department, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nga. N. Chung
- Department
of Chemical Biology and Peptide Research, Clinical Research Institute of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Jozef Vanden Broeck
- Animal
Physiology and Neurobiology Department, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Andrzej W. Lipkowski
- Neuropeptide
Laboratory, Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Peter W. Schiller
- Department
of Chemical Biology and Peptide Research, Clinical Research Institute of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Frans Janssens
- Janssen Research & Development, a division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Marc Ceusters
- Janssen Research & Development, a division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
| | - François Sommen
- Janssen Research & Development, a division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Theo Meert
- Janssen Research & Development, a division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
| | | | - Dirk Tourwé
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Steven Ballet
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
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13
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Garbuz O, Gulea A, Dyniewicz J, Zablocka B, Lipkowski AW. The non-opioid receptor, antioxidant properties of morphine and the opioid peptide analog biphalin. Peptides 2015; 63:1-3. [PMID: 25453981 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2014.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2014] [Revised: 09/26/2014] [Accepted: 09/26/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Opioids participate in a broad spectrum of regulatory effects. The discovery of the opioid receptor system led to the initial belief that all of the observed effects in this system were associated with receptor activation. However, it must be considered that certain opioid properties are the result of the properties of other chemicals and their distribution. The presence of a tyramine moiety in opioids is suggestive of their potential antioxidant properties. Therefore, this study evaluated the antioxidant properties of opioids that are not related to opioid receptor activation. The morphine antioxidant capacity (IC50=81μM) was 2.8 times lower than that of the reference ascorbic acid (IC50=29μM). Surprisingly, the biphalin antioxidant capacity (IC50=8μM) was 3.6 times higher than that of ascorbic acid and over 10 times higher than that of morphine. This unexpectedly high biphalin antioxidant capacity correlates with its neuroprotective properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Garbuz
- Moldova Coordination Chemistry Department, Moldova State University, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova.
| | - Aurelian Gulea
- Moldova Coordination Chemistry Department, Moldova State University, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova.
| | - Jolanta Dyniewicz
- Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 02106, Poland.
| | - Barbara Zablocka
- Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 02106, Poland.
| | - Andrzej W Lipkowski
- Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 02106, Poland.
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14
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Guillemyn K, Kleczkowska P, Lesniak A, Dyniewicz J, Van der Poorten O, Van den Eynde I, Keresztes A, Varga E, Lai J, Porreca F, Chung NN, Lemieux C, Mika J, Rojewska E, Makuch W, Van Duppen J, Przewlocka B, Vanden Broeck J, Lipkowski AW, Schiller PW, Tourwé D, Ballet S. Synthesis and biological evaluation of compact, conformationally constrained bifunctional opioid agonist - neurokinin-1 antagonist peptidomimetics. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 92:64-77. [PMID: 25544687 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Revised: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A reported mixed opioid agonist - neurokinin 1 receptor (NK1R) antagonist 4 (Dmt-D-Arg-Aba-Gly-(3',5'-(CF3)2)NMe-benzyl) was modified to identify important features in both pharmacophores. The new dual ligands were tested in vitro and subsequently two compounds (lead structure 4 and one of the new analogues 22, Dmt-D-Arg-Aba-β-Ala-NMe-Bn) were selected for in vivo behavioural assays, which were conducted in acute (tail-flick) and neuropathic pain models (cold plate and von Frey) in rats. Compared to the parent opioid compound 33 (without NK1R pharmacophore), hybrid 22 was more active in the neuropathic pain models. Attenuation of neuropathic pain emerged from NK1R antagonism as demonstrated by the pure NK1R antagonist 6. Surprisingly, despite a lower in vitro activity at NK1R in comparison with 4, compound 22 was more active in the neuropathic pain models. Although potent analgesic effects were observed for 4 and 22, upon chronic administration, both manifested a tolerance profile similar to that of morphine and cross tolerance with morphine in a neuropathic pain model in rat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karel Guillemyn
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Departments of Chemistry and Bio-engineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Patrycia Kleczkowska
- Neuropeptide Laboratory, Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawinskiego Street, PL 02-106, Warsaw, Poland; Department of Pharmacodynamics, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology (CePT), Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Anna Lesniak
- Neuropeptide Laboratory, Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawinskiego Street, PL 02-106, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Jolanta Dyniewicz
- Neuropeptide Laboratory, Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawinskiego Street, PL 02-106, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Olivier Van der Poorten
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Departments of Chemistry and Bio-engineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Isabelle Van den Eynde
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Departments of Chemistry and Bio-engineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Attila Keresztes
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Arizona, 1501 N. Campbell Ave, Tucson AZ, 85724-5050, USA.
| | - Eva Varga
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Arizona, 1501 N. Campbell Ave, Tucson AZ, 85724-5050, USA.
| | - Josephine Lai
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Arizona, 1501 N. Campbell Ave, Tucson AZ, 85724-5050, USA.
| | - Frank Porreca
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Arizona, 1501 N. Campbell Ave, Tucson AZ, 85724-5050, USA.
| | - Nga N Chung
- Department of Chemical Biology and Peptide Research, Clinical Research Institute, 110 Avenue Des Pins Ouest, Montreal, QC, H2W1R7, Canada.
| | - Carole Lemieux
- Department of Chemical Biology and Peptide Research, Clinical Research Institute, 110 Avenue Des Pins Ouest, Montreal, QC, H2W1R7, Canada.
| | - Joanna Mika
- Department of Pain Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smetna 12, PL 31-343, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Ewelina Rojewska
- Department of Pain Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smetna 12, PL 31-343, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Wioletta Makuch
- Department of Pain Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smetna 12, PL 31-343, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Joost Van Duppen
- Animal Physiology and Neurobiology Department, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Naamsestraat 59, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Barbara Przewlocka
- Department of Pain Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smetna 12, PL 31-343, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Jozef Vanden Broeck
- Animal Physiology and Neurobiology Department, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Naamsestraat 59, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Andrzej W Lipkowski
- Neuropeptide Laboratory, Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawinskiego Street, PL 02-106, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Peter W Schiller
- Department of Chemical Biology and Peptide Research, Clinical Research Institute, 110 Avenue Des Pins Ouest, Montreal, QC, H2W1R7, Canada.
| | - Dirk Tourwé
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Departments of Chemistry and Bio-engineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Steven Ballet
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Departments of Chemistry and Bio-engineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
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15
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Dyniewicz J, Bochynska M, Lesniak A, Ostrowski S, Dobrowolski J, Kalicka A, Lipkowski AW. Development of new opioid agonist tachykinin antagonist chimeric compounds. Pharmacol Rep 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s1734-1140(11)70452-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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16
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Cole WH, Keeton RW, Calloway NO, Glickman N, Mitchell HH, Dyniewicz J, Howes D. Studies in Postoperative Convalescence. Ann Surg 1947; 126:592-609. [PMID: 17859018 PMCID: PMC1803419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
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