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Tintoré M, Cuñé J, Vu LD, Poppe J, Van den Abbeele P, Baudot A, de Lecea C. A Long-Chain Dextran Produced by Weissella cibaria Boosts the Diversity of Health-Related Gut Microbes Ex Vivo. Biology (Basel) 2024; 13:51. [PMID: 38248481 PMCID: PMC10813514 DOI: 10.3390/biology13010051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Long-chain dextrans are α-glucans that can be produced by lactic acid bacteria. NextDextTM, a specific long-chain dextran with a high degree of polymerisation, produced using Weissella cibaria, was recently shown to exert prebiotic potential in vitro. In this study, the ex vivo SIFR® technology, recently validated to provide predictive insights into gut microbiome modulation down to the species level, was used to investigate the effects of this long-chain dextran on the gut microbiota of six human adults that altogether covered different enterotypes. A novel community modulation score (CMS) was introduced based on the strength of quantitative 16S rRNA gene sequencing and the highly controlled ex vivo conditions. This CMS overcomes the limitations of traditional α-diversity indices and its application in the current study revealed that dextran is a potent booster of microbial diversity compared to the reference prebiotic inulin (IN). Long-chain dextran not only exerted bifidogenic effects but also consistently promoted Bacteroides spp., Parabacteroides distasonis and butyrate-producing species like Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Anaerobutyricum hallii. Further, long-chain dextran treatment resulted in lower gas production compared to IN, suggesting that long-chain dextran could be better tolerated. The additional increase in Bacteroides for dextran compared to IN is likely related to the higher propionate:acetate ratio, attributing potential to long-chain dextran for improving metabolic health and weight management. Moreover, the stimulation of butyrate by dextran suggests its potential for improving gut barrier function and inflammation. Overall, this study provides a novel tool for assessing gut microbial diversity ex vivo and positions long-chain dextran as a substrate that has unique microbial diversity enhancing properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Tintoré
- AB Biotek Human Nutrition and Health, Peterborough PE7 8QJ, UK
| | - Jordi Cuñé
- AB Biotek Human Nutrition and Health, Peterborough PE7 8QJ, UK
| | - Lam Dai Vu
- Cryptobiotix SA, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 82, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; (L.D.V.)
| | - Jonas Poppe
- Cryptobiotix SA, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 82, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; (L.D.V.)
| | | | - Aurélien Baudot
- Cryptobiotix SA, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 82, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; (L.D.V.)
| | - Carlos de Lecea
- AB Biotek Human Nutrition and Health, Peterborough PE7 8QJ, UK
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Van den Abbeele P, Poppe J, Deyaert S, Laurie I, Otto Gravert TK, Abrahamsson A, Baudot A, Karnik K, Risso D. Low-no-calorie sweeteners exert marked compound-specific impact on the human gut microbiota ex vivo. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2023; 74:630-644. [PMID: 37537786 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2023.2240037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Low-no-calorie sweeteners (LNCS) are used as sugar substitutes as part of strategies to reduce the risk of chronic diseases related to high sugar intake (e.g. type 2 diabetes (T2D)). This study investigated how a range of sweeteners [tagatose (TA)/maltitol (MA)/sorbitol (SO)/stevia (ST)/sucralose (SU)/acesulfame K (ACK)] impact the gut microbiota of T2D subjects and healthy human adults using the ex vivo SIFR® technology (n = 12). The cohort covered clinically relevant interpersonal and T2D-related differences. ACK/SU remained intact while not impacting microbial composition and metabolite production. In contrast, TA/SO and ST/MA were respectively readily and gradually fermented. ST and particularly TA/SO/MA increased bacterial density and SCFA production product-specifically: SO increased acetate (∼Bifidobacterium adolescentis), whilst MA/ST increased propionate (∼Parabacteroides distasonis). TA exerted low specificity as it increased butyrate for healthy subjects, yet propionate for T2D subjects. Overall, LNCS exerted highly compound-specific effects stressing that results obtained for one LNCS cannot be generalised to other LNCS.
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Poppe J, Vieira-Silva S, Raes J, Verbeke K, Falony G. Systematic optimization of fermentation conditions for in vitro fermentations with fecal inocula. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1198903. [PMID: 37555071 PMCID: PMC10404981 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1198903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
In vitro fermentation strategies with fecal inocula are considered cost-effective methods to gain mechanistic insights into fecal microbiota community dynamics. However, all in vitro approaches have their limitations due to inherent differences with respect to the in vivo situation mimicked, introducing possible biases into the results obtained. Here, we aimed to systematically optimize in vitro fermentation conditions to minimize drift from the initial inoculum, limit growth of opportunistic colonizers, and maximize the effect of added fiber products (here pectin) when compared to basal medium fermentations. We evaluated the impact of varying starting cell density and medium nutrient concentration on these three outcomes, as well as the effect of inoculation with fresh vs. stored fecal samples. By combining GC-MS metabolite profiling and 16 s rRNA gene-based amplicon sequencing, we established that starting cell densities below 1010 cells/ml opened up growth opportunities for members the Enterobacteriaceae family. This effect was exacerbated when using fecal samples that were stored frozen at -80°C. Overgrowth of Enterobacteriaceae resulted in lowered alpha-diversity and larger community drift, possibly confounding results obtained from fermentations in such conditions. Higher medium nutrient concentrations were identified as an additional factor contributing to inoculum community preservation, although the use of a less nutrient dense medium increased the impact of fiber product addition on the obtained metabolite profiles. Overall, our microbiome observations indicated that starting cell densities of 1010 cells/ml limited opportunities for exponential growth, suppressing in vitro community biases, whilst metabolome incubations should preferably be carried out in a diluted medium to maximize the impact of fermentable substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Poppe
- Translational Research in Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sara Vieira-Silva
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene and Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB), Mainz, Germany
| | - Jeroen Raes
- Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Microbiology, VIB-KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kristin Verbeke
- Translational Research in Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Center (LFoRCe), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gwen Falony
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene and Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Microbiology, VIB-KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Chatonidi G, Poppe J, Verbeke K. Plant-based fermented foods and the satiety cascade: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Trends Food Sci Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2023.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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Poppe J, van Baarle L, Matteoli G, Verbeke K. How Microbial Food Fermentation Supports a Tolerant Gut. Mol Nutr Food Res 2020; 65:e2000036. [PMID: 32996681 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202000036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract harbors a complex resident microbial ecosystem, comprising over 500 species, spanning commensals, mutualist, opportunistic, and professional pathogens thriving on undigested food components originating from the diet and endogenous secretions. Despite this high concentration of food and bacterial antigens, a healthy gut has a near absent level of inflammation, a status called intestinal immune homeostasis. This immune homeostasis is built and maintained in the presence, and interestingly, with cooperation of the microbiota. The microbiota ferments undigested food components into a wide variety of metabolites, some of which interact with the intestinal immune system. In particular short-chain fatty acids, aryl hydrocarbon receptor ligands, and bile acid metabolites have been involved in the induction of intestinal immune homeostasis. The production of these metabolites is influenced by the microbial load and community structure, as well as the availability of substrates and the gut environment which are directly or indirectly modulated by food intake. In this manuscript, the factors that influence the production of these metabolites and their interaction with the immune cells that play key roles in maintaining intestinal immune homeostasis in the healthy gut are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Poppe
- Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), KU Leuven, Targid - Herestraat 49, O&N1, Leuven, Box 701 - 3000, Belgium
| | - Lies van Baarle
- Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), KU Leuven, Targid - Herestraat 49, O&N1, Leuven, Box 701 - 3000, Belgium
| | - Gianluca Matteoli
- Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), KU Leuven, Targid - Herestraat 49, O&N1, Leuven, Box 701 - 3000, Belgium
| | - Kristin Verbeke
- Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), KU Leuven, Targid - Herestraat 49, O&N1, Leuven, Box 701 - 3000, Belgium
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Graf M, Poppe J, Eychmüller A. Surface Influences on the Electrodiffusive Behavior in Mesoporous Templates. Small 2015; 11:3174-3182. [PMID: 25740328 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201400969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2014] [Revised: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The physicochemical details of the well-established template-assisted electrodeposition process for metal nanowire fabrication are investigated with respect to the physical origination for template geometry limitation. The overall process of metal reduction inside anodized Al2 O3 (AAO) is divided into three parts: i) the electrochemical reduction at the pore bottom, ii) the diffusion of the electrolytic species, and iii) the capacitive interaction between pore surface and electrolyte. The results show that the reduction of Ni is controlled by the degree of electrode recession, i.e., the pore depth. Applying Cottrell's equation to pulsed electrodeposition enables experimental access to diffusion coefficients (DNi2+). This gives a gradient in DNi2+ along with the filling process. The switch-over from crystallization to diffusion control is investigated to depend on temperature and pore length. Additionally, the electrode surface capacitance scales non-linearly with the pore depth. This is deduced as a consequence of electrostatic surface-electrolyte interaction. A minimum in the electrode capacitance at a pore length of 48 μm is identified as the point with maximum thickness of a double-layer-type surface effect to the electrolyte. The results extend the template's role from simply geometrically limiting metal growth and explain occurring process issues when filling especially high-aspect-ratio pores.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Graf
- Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstrasse 66b, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - J Poppe
- Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstrasse 66b, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - A Eychmüller
- Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstrasse 66b, 01069, Dresden, Germany
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Poppe J, Huelskoetter R, Kowalewski B, Schneider K, Ermler U. The molybdenum storage protein – a special kind of metallo-protein. Acta Crystallogr A 2011. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767311094621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Buysens S, Heungens K, Poppe J, Hofte M. Involvement of Pyochelin and Pyoverdin in Suppression of Pythium-Induced Damping-Off of Tomato by Pseudomonas aeruginosa 7NSK2. Appl Environ Microbiol 2010; 62:865-71. [PMID: 16535275 PMCID: PMC1388800 DOI: 10.1128/aem.62.3.865-871.1996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa 7NSK2 produces three siderophores when iron is limited: the yellow-green fluorescent pyoverdin, the salicylate derivative pyochelin, and salicylic acid. This Pseudomonas strain was shown to be an efficient antagonist of Pythium-induced damping-off. The role of pyoverdin and pyochelin in the suppression of Pythium splendens was investigated by using various siderophore-deficient mutants derived from P. aeruginosa 7NSK2 in a bioassay with tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum). To provide more insight into the role of pyochelin in antagonism, mutant KMPCH, deficient in the production of pyoverdin and pyochelin, was complemented for pyochelin production. The complementing clone was further characterized by subcloning and transposon mutagenesis and used to generate a pyochelin-negative, pyoverdin-positive mutant by marker exchange. All mutants were able to reduce Pythium-induced preemergence damping-off to some extent. Production of either pyoverdin or pyochelin proved to be necessary to achieve wild-type levels of protection against Pythium-induced postemergence damping-off. Mutant KMPCH inhibited P. splendens but was less active than the parental strain. This residual protection could be due to the production of salicylic acid. Since pyoverdin and pyochelin are both siderophores, siderophore-mediated iron competition could explain the observed antagonism and the apparent interchangeability of the two compounds. We cannot, however, exclude the possibility that both siderophores act in an indirect way.
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Poppe J, Schaak A, Janek J, Imbihl R. Electrochemically induced surface changes on microstructured Pt films on a Solid YSZ electrolyte. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/bbpc.19981020806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Gambichler T, Poppe J, Schropl F. Minimal erythema dose on the buttock and volar forearm in previously UV unexposed Caucasians. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 1999; 12:193-5. [PMID: 10343963 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.1999.tb01024.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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