1
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Fletcher A, Clift D, de Vries E, Martinez Cuesta S, Malcolm T, Meghini F, Chaerkady R, Wang J, Chiang A, Weng SHS, Tart J, Wong E, Donohoe G, Rawlins P, Gordon E, Taylor JD, James L, Hunt J. A TRIM21-based bioPROTAC highlights the therapeutic benefit of HuR degradation. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7093. [PMID: 37925433 PMCID: PMC10625600 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42546-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Human antigen R (HuR) is a ubiquitously expressed RNA-binding protein, which functions as an RNA regulator. Overexpression of HuR correlates with high grade tumours and poor patient prognosis, implicating it as an attractive therapeutic target. However, an effective small molecule antagonist to HuR for clinical use remains elusive. Here, a single domain antibody (VHH) that binds HuR with low nanomolar affinity was identified and shown to inhibit HuR binding to RNA. This VHH was used to engineer a TRIM21-based biological PROTAC (bioPROTAC) that could degrade endogenous HuR. Significantly, HuR degradation reverses the tumour-promoting properties of cancer cells in vivo by altering the HuR-regulated proteome, highlighting the benefit of HuR degradation and paving the way for the development of HuR-degrading therapeutics. These observations have broader implications for degrading intractable therapeutic targets, with bioPROTACs presenting a unique opportunity to explore targeted-protein degradation through a modular approach.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dean Clift
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Emma de Vries
- Biologics Engineering, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sergio Martinez Cuesta
- Data Sciences and Quantitative Biology, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | - Raghothama Chaerkady
- Centre for Genomics Research, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Junmin Wang
- Centre for Genomics Research, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Abby Chiang
- Centre for Genomics Research, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Shao Huan Samuel Weng
- Centre for Genomics Research, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Jonathan Tart
- Discovery Biology, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Edmond Wong
- Biologics Engineering, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Philip Rawlins
- Mechanistic and Structural Biology, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Euan Gordon
- Discovery Biology, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Leo James
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - James Hunt
- Biologics Engineering, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK.
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2
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Fumagalli G, Carbajo RJ, Nissink JWM, Tart J, Dou R, Thomas AP, Spring DR. Targeting a Novel KRAS Binding Site: Application of One-Component Stapling of Small (5-6-mer) Peptides. J Med Chem 2021; 64:17287-17303. [PMID: 34787423 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
RAS proteins are central in the proliferation of many types of cancer, but a general approach toward the identification of pan-mutant RAS inhibitors has remained unresolved. In this work, we describe the application of a binding pharmacophore identified from analysis of known RAS binding peptides to the design of novel peptides. Using a chemically divergent approach, we generated a library of small stapled peptides from which we identified compounds with weak binding activity. Exploration of structure-activity relationships (SARs) and optimization of these early compounds led to low-micromolar binders of KRAS that block nucleotide exchange.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Fumagalli
- Department of Chemistry, Cambridge University, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.,Chemistry, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB4 0WG, U.K
| | | | | | - Jonathan Tart
- Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB4 0WG, U.K
| | - Rongxuan Dou
- Department of Chemistry, Cambridge University, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Andrew P Thomas
- Chemistry, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB4 0WG, U.K
| | - David R Spring
- Department of Chemistry, Cambridge University, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
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3
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Cooley R, Kara N, Hui NS, Tart J, Roustan C, George R, Hancock DC, Binkowski BF, Wood KV, Ismail M, Downward J. Development of a cell-free split-luciferase biochemical assay as a tool for screening for inhibitors of challenging protein-protein interaction targets. Wellcome Open Res 2020. [DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.15675.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting the interaction of proteins with weak binding affinities or low solubility represents a particular challenge for drug screening. The NanoLuc ® Binary Technology (NanoBiT ®) was originally developed to detect protein-protein interactions in live mammalian cells. Here we report the successful translation of the NanoBit cellular assay into a biochemical, cell-free format using mammalian cell lysates. We show that the assay is suitable for the detection of both strong and weak protein interactions such as those involving the binding of RAS oncoproteins to either RAF or phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) effectors respectively, and that it is also effective for the study of poorly soluble protein domains such as the RAS binding domain of PI3K. Furthermore, the RAS interaction assay is sensitive and responds to both strong and weak RAS inhibitors. Our data show that the assay is robust, reproducible, cost-effective, and can be adapted for small and large-scale screening approaches. The NanoBit Biochemical Assay offers an attractive tool for drug screening against challenging protein-protein interaction targets, including the interaction of RAS with PI3K.
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4
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Cooley R, Kara N, Hui NS, Tart J, Roustan C, George R, Hancock DC, Binkowski BF, Wood KV, Ismail M, Downward J. Development of a cell-free split-luciferase biochemical assay as a tool for screening for inhibitors of challenging protein-protein interaction targets. Wellcome Open Res 2020; 5:20. [PMID: 32587898 PMCID: PMC7308888 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.15675.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting the interaction of proteins with weak binding affinities or low solubility represents a particular challenge for drug screening. The NanoLuc â ® Binary Technology (NanoBiT â ®) was originally developed to detect protein-protein interactions in live mammalian cells. Here we report the successful translation of the NanoBit cellular assay into a biochemical, cell-free format using mammalian cell lysates. We show that the assay is suitable for the detection of both strong and weak protein interactions such as those involving the binding of RAS oncoproteins to either RAF or phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) effectors respectively, and that it is also effective for the study of poorly soluble protein domains such as the RAS binding domain of PI3K. Furthermore, the RAS interaction assay is sensitive and responds to both strong and weak RAS inhibitors. Our data show that the assay is robust, reproducible, cost-effective, and can be adapted for small and large-scale screening approaches. The NanoBit Biochemical Assay offers an attractive tool for drug screening against challenging protein-protein interaction targets, including the interaction of RAS with PI3K.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Julian Downward
- Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
- Institute of Cancer Research, UK, London, UK
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5
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Read JA, Tart J, Rawlins PB, Gregson C, Jones K, Gao N, Zhu X, Tomlinson R, Code E, Cheung T, Chen H, Kawatkar SP, Bloecher A, Bagal S, O’Donovan DH, Robinson J. Rapid Identification of Novel Allosteric PRC2 Inhibitors. ACS Chem Biol 2019; 14:2134-2140. [PMID: 31525019 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.9b00468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Enhancer of zeste homologue 2 (EZH2), the catalytic subunit of polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), regulates chromatin state and gene expression by methylating histone H3 lysine 27. EZH2 is overexpressed or mutated in various hematological malignancies and solid cancers. Our previous efforts to identify inhibitors of PRC2 methyltransferase activity by high-throughput screening (HTS) resulted in large numbers of false positives and thus a significant hit deconvolution challenge. More recently, others have reported compounds that bind to another PRC2 core subunit, EED, and allosterically inhibit EZH2 activity. This mechanism is particularly appealing as it appears to retain potency in cell lines that have acquired resistance to orthosteric EZH2 inhibition. By designing a fluorescence polarization probe based on the reported EED binding compounds, we were able to quickly and cleanly re-triage our previously challenging HTS hit list and identify novel allosteric PRC2 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon A. Read
- Structure and Biophysics, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, CB4 0WG U.K
| | - Jonathan Tart
- Discovery Biology, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, CB4 0WG U.K
| | - Philip B. Rawlins
- Structure and Biophysics, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, CB4 0WG U.K
| | - Clare Gregson
- Medicinal Chemistry, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, CB4 0WG U.K
| | - Karen Jones
- Hit Discovery, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield, SK10 4TG U.K
| | - Ning Gao
- Mechanistic Biology and Profiling, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Xiahui Zhu
- Mechanistic Biology and Profiling, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Ron Tomlinson
- Discovery Biology, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Erin Code
- Mechanistic Biology and Profiling, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Tony Cheung
- Bioscience, Research and Early Development, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Huawei Chen
- Bioscience, Research and Early Development, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Sameer P. Kawatkar
- Medicinal Chemistry, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Andy Bloecher
- Bioscience, Research and Early Development, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Sharan Bagal
- Medicinal Chemistry, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, CB4 0WG U.K
| | | | - James Robinson
- Mechanistic Biology and Profiling, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, CB4 0WG U.K
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Wrigley JD, Gavory G, Simpson I, Preston M, Plant H, Bradley J, Goeppert AU, Rozycka E, Davies G, Walsh J, Valentine A, McClelland K, Odrzywol KE, Renshaw J, Boros J, Tart J, Leach L, Nowak T, Ward RA, Harrison T, Andrews DM. Identification and Characterization of Dual Inhibitors of the USP25/28 Deubiquitinating Enzyme Subfamily. ACS Chem Biol 2017; 12:3113-3125. [PMID: 29131570 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.7b00334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The ubiquitin proteasome system is widely postulated to be a new and important field of drug discovery for the future, with the ubiquitin specific proteases (USPs) representing one of the more attractive target classes within the area. Many USPs have been linked to critical axes for therapeutic intervention, and the finding that USP28 is required for c-Myc stability suggests that USP28 inhibition may represent a novel approach to targeting this so far undruggable oncogene. Here, we describe the discovery of the first reported inhibitors of USP28, which we demonstrate are able to bind to and inhibit USP28, and while displaying a dual activity against the closest homologue USP25, these inhibitors show a high degree of selectivity over other deubiquitinases (DUBs). The utility of these compounds as valuable probes to investigate and further explore cellular DUB biology is highlighted by the demonstration of target engagement against both USP25 and USP28 in cells. Furthermore, we demonstrate that these inhibitors are able to elicit modulation of both the total levels and the half-life of the c-Myc oncoprotein in cells and also induce apoptosis and loss of cell viability in a range of cancer cell lines. We however observed a narrow therapeutic index compared to a panel of tissue-matched normal cell lines. Thus, it is hoped that these probes and data presented herein will further advance our understanding of the biology and tractability of DUBs as potential future therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan D. Wrigley
- Discovery
Sciences, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Gerald Gavory
- Almac Discovery Ltd., Centre for Precision
Therapeutics, 97 Lisburn
Road, Belfast, BT9 7AE, United Kingdom
| | - Iain Simpson
- Oncology,
IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Marian Preston
- Discovery
Sciences, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Helen Plant
- Discovery
Sciences, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jenna Bradley
- Discovery
Sciences, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Anne U. Goeppert
- Discovery
Sciences, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ewelina Rozycka
- Almac Discovery Ltd., Centre for Precision
Therapeutics, 97 Lisburn
Road, Belfast, BT9 7AE, United Kingdom
| | - Gareth Davies
- Discovery
Sciences, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jarrod Walsh
- Discovery
Sciences, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Andrea Valentine
- Almac Discovery Ltd., Centre for Precision
Therapeutics, 97 Lisburn
Road, Belfast, BT9 7AE, United Kingdom
| | - Keeva McClelland
- Almac Discovery Ltd., Centre for Precision
Therapeutics, 97 Lisburn
Road, Belfast, BT9 7AE, United Kingdom
| | - Krzysztofa Ewa Odrzywol
- Almac Discovery Ltd., Centre for Precision
Therapeutics, 97 Lisburn
Road, Belfast, BT9 7AE, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Renshaw
- Discovery
Sciences, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Joanna Boros
- Discovery
Sciences, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Tart
- Discovery
Sciences, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Lindsey Leach
- Discovery
Sciences, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Thorsten Nowak
- Oncology,
IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Richard A. Ward
- Oncology,
IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy Harrison
- Almac Discovery Ltd., Centre for Precision
Therapeutics, 97 Lisburn
Road, Belfast, BT9 7AE, United Kingdom
| | - David M. Andrews
- Oncology,
IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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7
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Winter JJG, Anderson M, Blades K, Brassington C, Breeze AL, Chresta C, Embrey K, Fairley G, Faulder P, Finlay MRV, Kettle JG, Nowak T, Overman R, Patel SJ, Perkins P, Spadola L, Tart J, Tucker JA, Wrigley G. Small molecule binding sites on the Ras:SOS complex can be exploited for inhibition of Ras activation. J Med Chem 2015; 58:2265-74. [PMID: 25695162 DOI: 10.1021/jm501660t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Constitutively active mutant KRas displays a reduced rate of GTP hydrolysis via both intrinsic and GTPase-activating protein-catalyzed mechanisms, resulting in the perpetual activation of Ras pathways. We describe a fragment screening campaign using X-ray crystallography that led to the discovery of three fragment binding sites on the Ras:SOS complex. The identification of tool compounds binding at each of these sites allowed exploration of two new approaches to Ras pathway inhibition by stabilizing or covalently modifying the Ras:SOS complex to prevent the reloading of Ras with GTP. Initially, we identified ligands that bound reversibly to the Ras:SOS complex in two distinct sites, but these compounds were not sufficiently potent inhibitors to validate our stabilization hypothesis. We conclude by demonstrating that covalent modification of Cys118 on Ras leads to a novel mechanism of inhibition of the SOS-mediated interaction between Ras and Raf and is effective at inhibiting the exchange of labeled GDP in both mutant (G12C and G12V) and wild type Ras.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon J G Winter
- AstraZeneca , Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire, SK10 4TG, United Kingdom
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8
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Ward RA, Brassington C, Breeze AL, Caputo A, Critchlow S, Davies G, Goodwin L, Hassall G, Greenwood R, Holdgate GA, Mrosek M, Norman RA, Pearson S, Tart J, Tucker JA, Vogtherr M, Whittaker D, Wingfield J, Winter J, Hudson K. Design and synthesis of novel lactate dehydrogenase A inhibitors by fragment-based lead generation. J Med Chem 2012; 55:3285-306. [PMID: 22417091 DOI: 10.1021/jm201734r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) catalyzes the conversion of pyruvate to lactate, utilizing NADH as a cofactor. It has been identified as a potential therapeutic target in the area of cancer metabolism. In this manuscript we report our progress using fragment-based lead generation (FBLG), assisted by X-ray crystallography to develop small molecule LDHA inhibitors. Fragment hits were identified through NMR and SPR screening and optimized into lead compounds with nanomolar binding affinities via fragment linking. Also reported is their modification into cellular active compounds suitable for target validation work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard A Ward
- Oncology and Discovery Sciences iMEDs, AstraZeneca, Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire, SK10 4TG, UK.
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Clements KM, Flannelly JK, Tart J, Brockbank SMV, Wardale J, Freeth J, Parker AE, Newham P. Matrix metalloproteinase 17 is necessary for cartilage aggrecan degradation in an inflammatory environment. Ann Rheum Dis 2011; 70:683-9. [DOI: 10.1136/ard.2010.130757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
ObjectiveAggrecan is a critical component of cartilage extracellular matrix. Several members of the ‘a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs’ (ADAMTS) family have been characterised as aggrecanases by their ability to generate fragments containing the NITEGE neoepitope from aggrecan. Increased NITEGE fragments in synovial fluid and articular cartilage are a hallmark of osteoarthritis (OA) and it is hypothesised that the enhanced rate of aggrecan degradation is critical for cartilage destruction in OA. Recently, matrix metalloproteinase 17 (MMP17, also known as MT4-MMP) has been implicated in the activation of one of the key aggrecanases: ADAMTS4. In the present work, the hypothesis that MMP17 mediates the interleukin 1β (IL-1β) induced release of NITEGE neoepitope from human and murine articular cartilage is investigated.MethodsMMP17 was quantified at the protein and RNA level and NITEGE neoepitope generation by immunohistochemistry. Human postmortem articular cartilage explants were treated with recombinant MMP17, or IL-1β in the presence or absence of an MMP17 inhibitor. Glycosaminoglycan (GAG) loss into the media was quantified using the 1,9-dimethylmethylene blue (DMMB) assay. Intra-articular injection (IAI) of IL-1β or meniscotibial ligament transaction was carried out in MMP17 null mice.ResultsThe data reveal an association between increased MMP17 protein and NITEGE staining in areas of OA cartilage damage. Ex vivo treatment of normal human cartilage with recombinant MMP17 protein increased NITEGE generation in the cartilage and GAG loss into the media. In addition, IL-1β mediated cartilage GAG loss, and increased NITEGE neoepitope expression, were attenuated with an MMP17 inhibitor.IAI of IL-1β into C57BL6/Jax mice resulted in increased MMP17 expression in articular cartilage and increased GAG content in the synovial fluid. MMP17 null mice were protected against this increase. However, aggrecan loss driven by mechanical stress following medial meniscotibial ligament transection was not dependent on MMP17.ConclusionThese data further implicate MMP17 in the control of articular cartilage extracellular matrix aggrecan integrity in an inflammatory environment.
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10
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Bax DV, Messent AJ, Tart J, van Hoang M, Kott J, Maciewicz RA, Humphries MJ. Integrin alpha5beta1 and ADAM-17 interact in vitro and co-localize in migrating HeLa cells. J Biol Chem 2004; 279:22377-86. [PMID: 14970227 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m400180200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha-converting enzyme (TACE/ADAM-17) has diverse roles in the proteolytic processing of cell surface molecules and, due to its ability to process TNFalpha, is a validated therapeutic target for anti-inflammatory therapies. Unlike a number of other ADAM proteins, which interact with integrin receptors via their disintegrin domains, there is currently no evidence for an ADAM-17-integrin association. By analyzing the adhesion of a series of cell lines with recombinant fragments of the extracellular domain of ADAM-17, we now demonstrate a functional interaction between ADAM-17 and alpha(5)beta(1) integrin in a trans orientation. Because ADAM-17-mediated adhesion was sensitive to RGD peptides and EDTA, and the integrin-binding site within ADAM-17 was narrowed down to the disintegrin/cysteine-rich region, the two molecules appear to have a ligand-receptor relationship mediated by the alpha(5)beta(1) ligand binding pocket. Intriguingly, ADAM-17 and alpha(5)beta(1) were found to co-localize in both membrane ruffles and focal adhesions in HeLa cells. When confluent HeLa cell monolayers were wounded, ADAM-17 and alpha(5)beta(1) redistributed to the leading edge and co-localized, which is suggestive of a cis orientation. We postulate that the interaction of ADAM-17 with alpha(5)beta(1) may target or modulate its metalloproteolytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel V Bax
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, The Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT
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11
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Mercuri FA, Maciewicz RA, Tart J, Last K, Fosang AJ. Mutations in the interglobular domain of aggrecan alter matrix metalloproteinase and aggrecanase cleavage patterns. Evidence that matrix metalloproteinase cleavage interferes with aggrecanase activity. J Biol Chem 2000; 275:33038-45. [PMID: 11032846 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.275.42.33038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
We have expressed G1-G2 mutants with amino acid changes at the DIPEN(341) downward arrow(342)FFGVG and ITEGE(373) downward arrow(374)ARGSV cleavage sites, in order to investigate the relationship between matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and aggrecanase activities in the interglobular domain (IGD) of aggrecan. The mutation DIPEN(341) to DIGSA(341) partially blocked cleavage by MMP-13 and MMP-8 at the MMP site, while the mutation (342)FFGVG to (342)GTRVG completely blocked cleavage at this site by MMP-1, -2, -3, -7, -8, -9, -13, -14. Each of the MMP cleavage site mutants, including a four-amino acid deletion mutant lacking residues ENFF(343), were efficiently cleaved by aggrecanase, suggesting that the primary sequence at the MMP site had no effect on aggrecanase activity in the IGD. The mutation (374)ARGSV to (374)NVYSV completely blocked cleavage at the aggrecanase site by aggrecanase, MMP-8 and atrolysin C but had no effect on the ability of MMP-8 and MMP-13 to cleave at the Asn(341) downward arrowPhe bond. Susceptibility to atrolysin C cleavage at the MMP site was conferred in the DIGSA(341) mutant but absent in the wild-type, (342)GTRVG, (374)NVYSV, and deletion mutants. To further explore the relationship between MMP and aggrecanase activities, sequential digest experiments were done in which MMP degradation products were subsequently digested with aggrecanase and vice versa. Aggrecanase-derived G1 domains with ITEGE(373) C termini were viable substrates for MMPs; however, MMP-derived G2 fragments were resistant to cleavage by aggrecanase. A 10-mer peptide FVDIPENFFG, which is a substrate analogue for the MMP cleavage site, inhibited aggrecanase cleavage at the Glu(373) downward arrowAla bond. This study demonstrates that MMPs and aggrecanase have unique substrate recognition in the IGD of aggrecan and suggests that sequences at the C terminus of the DIPEN(341) G1 domain may be important for regulating aggrecanase cleavage.
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Affiliation(s)
- F A Mercuri
- University of Melbourne, Department of Paediatrics, Orthopaedic Molecular Biology Research Unit and Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, 3052, Australia
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12
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Tart J. Treatment of Obstinate Ulcers. Northwest Med Surg J 1853; 1:463-464. [PMID: 37319904 PMCID: PMC9937248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
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13
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Tart J. Treatment of Obstinate Ulcers by the Internal Use of Tincture of Cantharides. West J Med Surg 1852; 10:59-60. [PMID: 38210597 PMCID: PMC10438685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
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