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Son J, Lee SH. IgG4-related pericarditis. QJM 2024; 117:300-301. [PMID: 38113430 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcad284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J Son
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - S H Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
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Son J, Park H, Yoon E, Kim JI, Choi CH. Development of Novel Focal Irradiation Tool for High-Precision Irradiation Using Clinical Brachytherapy System. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e655-e656. [PMID: 37785945 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.2085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Several small animals, including mice, are used to conduct research on state-of-the-art radiation therapy techniques or treatment-related toxicity. However, it is difficult to conduct the focal irradiation to a shallow depth on small animals, because irradiation using LINAC has limitations in energy and field size. The purpose of this paper was to develop a focal irradiation tool for high-precision irradiation and to evaluate beam characteristics. MATERIALS/METHODS We designed the collimator of 1 mm diameter consisting of tungsten material for high-precision irradiation applied to the clinical brachytherapy system and the percent depth dose and horizontal profile were measured. We compared the depth dose and horizontal profile with 4 mm diameter SRS cone for 6 MV in LINAC. We measured the PDD and horizontal profile using EBT3 film for high-precision irradiation of 1 mm diameter using Ir-192 source. In case of 4 mm diameter, the beam was measured using edge detector. In addition, all measurements were compared with the results of planning tool simulation. RESULTS In case of focal irradiation tool, the maximum dose showed at the surface for both measurement and simulation, and 26% and 32% doses at 1 mm depth, respectively. In addition, FWHM at a 1 mm depth showed that high-precision irradiation was possible with measurement and simulation results of 1.86 and 1.28 mm. In case of LINAC, the maximum dose was showed at a depth of 1 cm and 0.8 cm in the measurement and simulation, respectively. Even if the smallest cone is used, the FWHM at a dmax depth was 4.0 mm in both simulation and measurement. CONCLUSION We overcame the limitation for energy and field size through the focal irradiation tool for high-precision irradiation. The focal irradiation tool enables high dose delivery to the shallow depth. In addition, small FWHM reduced dose delivery to the periphery at a specific depth and enabled accurate dose delivery. These results mean that the focal irradiation tool can be useful in small animal experiments that require accurate doses near the shallow depth.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Son
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - H Park
- Department of Radiological Convergence Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - E Yoon
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - J I Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - C H Choi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
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Park YI, Choi SH, Hong CS, Cho MS, Son J, Han MC, Kim J, Kim H, Kim DW, Kim JS. A Photograph-Based Visualization and Prediction Framework for Radiation-Induced Dermatitis. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e480-e481. [PMID: 37785522 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) This study aimed to suggest a photograph-based prediction system for acute radiation-induced dermatitis (RID), which can be applied to notify patients about the risk of the development of skin discomfort during radiotherapy. MATERIALS/METHODS The proposed system compared the spatial dose distribution with the RID region using the following methods. Skin photographs of patients were taken using an RGB-depth camera to acquire the shape information of RID. The skin surface data measured from the camera was registered with the shape of the external body contour using an iterative closest point algorithm. Spatial dose distribution of skin was extracted from the external body contour to a depth of 2 mm and projected onto the plane of the skin photograph using a transformation matrix for skin depth data. To compare the spatial distribution of skin dose with the shape of RID, the region of RID in patients' skin was delineated on photographs into three toxicity symptoms referring to the CTCAE criteria grade 1 (skin redness), grade 2 (dry desquamation), and grade 3 (moist desquamation). The degree of overlap between the shape of each RID and skin dose distribution was evaluated using the dice similarity coefficient (DSC). Threshold doses for predicting RID occurrence were estimated by skin isodose lines with the highest DSC. The developed system was validated using data from 19 patients who received volumetric modulated arc therapy for head-neck cancer at a single institution. RESULTS Threshold doses for RID grades 1, 2, and 3 were estimated using 18, 18, and 2 individual RID labels delineated on skin photographs, respectively. Isodose lines with the highest DSC for RID grades 1, 2, and 3 were calculated as 26.0 Gy, 36.5 Gy, and 54.0 Gy, respectively. A strong overlap (average DSC > 0.6) was observed between isodose skin lines and the shape of RID labels in all RID grades. CONCLUSION Assessing the spatial information of skin dose can be helpful in predicting acute RID. The region of RID shows a strong similarity with the skin dose distribution in head-neck patients. Visualization of skin dose on the patient photograph is potent to patient education for preparing the cosmetic discomfort during radiotherapy, which may lead to the improvement of the patient satisfaction in treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y I Park
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea; Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Heavy Ion Therapy Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - S H Choi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea; Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Heavy Ion Therapy Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - C S Hong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea; Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Heavy Ion Therapy Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - M S Cho
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Gyeonggi-do, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - J Son
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Gyeonggi-do, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - M C Han
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea; Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Heavy Ion Therapy Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - J Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea; Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Heavy Ion Therapy Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - H Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea; Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Heavy Ion Therapy Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - D W Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea; Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Heavy Ion Therapy Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - J S Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea; Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Heavy Ion Therapy Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
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Yoon I, Kim S, Cho M, You KA, Son J, Lee C, Suh JH, Bae DJ, Kim JM, Oh S, Park S, Kim S, Cho SH, Park S, Bang K, Seo M, Kim JH, Lee B, Park JS, Hwang KY, Kim S. Control of fibrosis with enhanced safety via asymmetric inhibition of prolyl-tRNA synthetase 1. EMBO Mol Med 2023:e16940. [PMID: 37212275 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202216940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Prolyl-tRNA synthetase 1 (PARS1) has attracted much interest in controlling pathologic accumulation of collagen containing high amounts of proline in fibrotic diseases. However, there are concerns about its catalytic inhibition for potential adverse effects on global protein synthesis. We developed a novel compound, DWN12088, whose safety was validated by clinical phase 1 studies, and therapeutic efficacy was shown in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis model. Structural and kinetic analyses revealed that DWN12088 binds to catalytic site of each protomer of PARS1 dimer in an asymmetric mode with different affinity, resulting in decreased responsiveness at higher doses, thereby expanding safety window. The mutations disrupting PARS1 homodimerization restored the sensitivity to DWN12088, validating negative communication between PARS1 promoters for the DWN12088 binding. Thus, this work suggests that DWN12088, an asymmetric catalytic inhibitor of PARS1 as a novel therapeutic agent against fibrosis with enhanced safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ina Yoon
- Institute for Artificial Intelligence and Biomedical Research, Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, Yonsei University, Incheon, Korea
- Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Sulhee Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Minjae Cho
- Drug Discovery Center, Daewoong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Yongin, Korea
| | - Kyung Ah You
- Institute for Artificial Intelligence and Biomedical Research, Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, Yonsei University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Jonghyeon Son
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Caroline Lee
- Drug Discovery Center, Daewoong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Yongin, Korea
| | - Ji Hun Suh
- Institute for Artificial Intelligence and Biomedical Research, Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, Yonsei University, Incheon, Korea
- Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Da-Jeong Bae
- Drug Discovery Center, Daewoong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Yongin, Korea
| | - Jong Min Kim
- Drug Discovery Center, Daewoong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Yongin, Korea
| | - Sinae Oh
- Institute for Artificial Intelligence and Biomedical Research, Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, Yonsei University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Songhwa Park
- Institute for Artificial Intelligence and Biomedical Research, Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, Yonsei University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Sanga Kim
- Institute for Artificial Intelligence and Biomedical Research, Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, Yonsei University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Seong Hyeok Cho
- Institute for Artificial Intelligence and Biomedical Research, Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, Yonsei University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Seonha Park
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyuhyeon Bang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Minjeong Seo
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Hyun Kim
- Institute for Artificial Intelligence and Biomedical Research, Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, Yonsei University, Incheon, Korea
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu, Korea
| | - Bongyong Lee
- Drug Discovery Center, Daewoong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Yongin, Korea
| | - Joon Seok Park
- Drug Discovery Center, Daewoong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Yongin, Korea
| | - Kwang Yeon Hwang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sunghoon Kim
- Institute for Artificial Intelligence and Biomedical Research, Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, Yonsei University, Incheon, Korea
- Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon, Korea
- College of Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
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Yoon I, Song JA, Suh JH, Kim S, Son J, Kim JH, Jang SY, Hwang KY, Kim MH, Kim S. EPRS1 Controls the TGF- β Signaling Pathway via Interaction with TβRI in Hepatic Stellate Cell. Mol Cell Biol 2023; 43:223-240. [PMID: 37154023 PMCID: PMC10184599 DOI: 10.1080/10985549.2023.2205344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutamyl-prolyl-tRNA synthetase 1 (EPRS1) is known to associated with fibrosis through its catalytic activity to produce prolyl-tRNA. Although its catalytic inhibitor halofuginone (HF) has been known to inhibit the TGF-β pathway as well as to reduce prolyl-tRNA production for the control of fibrosis, the underlying mechanism how EPRS1 regulates the TGF-β pathway was not fully understood. Here, we show a noncatalytic function of EPRS1 in controlling the TGF-β pathway and hepatic stellate cell activation via its interaction with TGF-β receptor I (TβRI). Upon stimulation with TGF-β, EPRS1 is phosphorylated by TGF-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1), leading to its dissociation from the multi-tRNA synthetase complex and subsequent binding with TβRI. This interaction increases the association of TβRI with SMAD2/3 while decreases that of TβRI with SMAD7. Accordingly, EPRS1 stabilizes TβRI by preventing the ubiquitin-mediated degradation of TβRI. HF disrupts the interaction between EPRS1 and TβRI, and reduces TβRI protein levels, leading to inhibition of the TGF-β pathway. In conclusion, this work suggests the novel function of EPRS1 involved in the development of fibrosis by regulating the TGF-β pathway and the antifibrotic effects of HF by controlling both of EPRS1 functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ina Yoon
- Institute for Artificial Intelligence and Biomedical Research, Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, Yonsei University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
- Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Ae Song
- Institute for Artificial Intelligence and Biomedical Research, Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, Yonsei University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hun Suh
- Institute for Artificial Intelligence and Biomedical Research, Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, Yonsei University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
- Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sulhee Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jonghyeon Son
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hyun Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Song Yee Jang
- Microbiome Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Korea Research Republic of Korea
- Core Research Facility & Analysis Center, KRIBB, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Yeon Hwang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Hee Kim
- Microbiome Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Korea Research Republic of Korea
| | - Sunghoon Kim
- Institute for Artificial Intelligence and Biomedical Research, Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, Yonsei University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
- Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
- College of Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Son J, Choi W, Kim H, Kim M, Lee JH, Shin SC, Kim HW. Structural and biochemical insights into PsEst3, a new GHSR-type esterase obtained from Paenibacillus sp. R4. IUCrJ 2023; 10:220-232. [PMID: 36862488 PMCID: PMC9980389 DOI: 10.1107/s2052252523001562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
PsEst3, a psychrophilic esterase obtained from Paenibacillus sp. R4, which was isolated from the permafrost of Alaska, exhibits relatively high activity at low temperatures. Here, crystal structures of PsEst3 complexed with various ligands were generated and studied at atomic resolution, and biochemical studies were performed to analyze the structure-function relationship of PsEst3. Certain unique characteristics of PsEst3 distinct from those of other classes of lipases/esterases were identified. Firstly, PsEst3 contains a conserved GHSRA/G pentapeptide sequence in the GxSxG motif around the nucleophilic serine. Additionally, it contains a conserved HGFR/K consensus sequence in the oxyanion hole, which is distinct from that in other lipase/esterase families, as well as a specific domain composition (for example a helix-turn-helix motif) and a degenerative lid domain that exposes the active site to the solvent. Secondly, the electrostatic potential of the active site in PsEst3 is positive, which may cause unintended binding of negatively charged chemicals in the active site. Thirdly, the last residue of the oxyanion hole-forming sequence, Arg44, separates the active site from the solvent by sealing the acyl-binding pocket, suggesting that PsEst3 is an enzyme that is customized to sense an unidentified substrate that is distinct from those of classical lipases/esterases. Collectively, this evidence strongly suggests that PsEst3 belongs to a distinct family of esterases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonghyeon Son
- Research Unit of Cryogenic Novel Material, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, Republic of Korea
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu–Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Woong Choi
- Research Unit of Cryogenic Novel Material, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Kim
- Research Unit of Cryogenic Novel Material, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, Republic of Korea
| | - Minseo Kim
- Research Unit of Cryogenic Novel Material, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Hyuck Lee
- Research Unit of Cryogenic Novel Material, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, Republic of Korea
- Department of Polar Sciences, University of Science and Technology, Incheon 21990, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Chul Shin
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Woo Kim
- Research Unit of Cryogenic Novel Material, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, Republic of Korea
- Department of Polar Sciences, University of Science and Technology, Incheon 21990, Republic of Korea
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Park YI, Choi SH, Hong CS, Cho MS, Son J, Han MC, Kim J, Kim H, Kim DW, Kim JS. A New Approach to Quantify and Grade Radiation Dermatitis Using Deep-Learning Segmentation in Skin Photographs. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2023; 35:e10-e19. [PMID: 35918275 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2022.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Objective evaluation of radiation dermatitis is important for analysing the correlation between the severity of radiation dermatitis and dose distribution in clinical practice and for reliable reporting in clinical trials. We developed a novel radiation dermatitis segmentation system based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to consistently evaluate radiation dermatitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS The radiation dermatitis segmentation system is designed to segment the radiation dermatitis occurrence area using skin photographs and skin-dose distribution. A CNN architecture with a dilated convolution layer and skip connection was designed to estimate the radiation dermatitis area. Seventy-three skin photographs obtained from patients undergoing radiotherapy were collected for training and testing. The ground truth of radiation dermatitis segmentation is manually delineated from the skin photograph by an experienced radiation oncologist and medical physicist. We converted the skin photographs to RGB (red-green-blue) and CIELAB (lightness (L∗), red-green (a∗) and blue-yellow (b∗)) colour information and trained the network to segment faint and severe radiation dermatitis using three different input combinations: RGB, RGB + CIELAB (RGBLAB) and RGB + CIELAB + skin-dose distribution (RGBLAB_D). The proposed system was evaluated using the Dice similarity coefficient (DSC), sensitivity, specificity and normalised Matthews correlation coefficient (nMCC). A paired t-test was used to compare the results of different segmentation performances. RESULTS Optimal data composition was observed in the network trained for radiation dermatitis segmentation using skin photographs and skin-dose distribution. The average DSC, sensitivity, specificity and nMCC values of RGBLAB_D were 0.62, 0.61, 0.91 and 0.77, respectively, in faint radiation dermatitis, and 0.69, 0.78, 0.96 and 0.83, respectively, in severe radiation dermatitis. CONCLUSION Our study showed that CNN-based radiation dermatitis segmentation in skin photographs of patients undergoing radiotherapy can describe radiation dermatitis severity and pattern. Our study could aid in objectifying the radiation dermatitis grading and analysing the reliable correlation between dosimetric factors and the morphology of radiation dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y I Park
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering Lab (MPBEL), Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - S H Choi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Radiation Oncology, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yongin, South Korea
| | - C-S Hong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - M-S Cho
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yongin, South Korea
| | - J Son
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yongin, South Korea
| | - M C Han
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - H Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - D W Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J S Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering Lab (MPBEL), Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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Jung S, Kim B, Lee S, Chang W, Park J, Choi C, Son J, Lee J, Wu H, Kim J, Kim J. Geometric and Dosimetric Evaluation of Using a Novel Tongue Positioning Device to Reduce Tongue Motions during Radiation Therapy for Head and Neck Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.07.1363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Kang B, Lee J, Xue L, Son J, Wu H, Kim H, Kang H. Prediction of Delayed Lymphopenia at the Time of Consolidation Immunotherapy After Chemoradiotherapy in Locally Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.07.1248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Kim S, Yoon I, Son J, Park J, Kim K, Lee JH, Park SY, Kang BS, Han JM, Hwang KY, Kim S. Leucine-sensing mechanism of leucyl-tRNA synthetase 1 for mTORC1 activation. Cell Rep 2021; 35:109031. [PMID: 33910001 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Leucyl-tRNA synthetase 1 (LARS1) mediates activation of leucine-dependent mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) as well as ligation of leucine to its cognate tRNAs, yet its mechanism of leucine sensing is poorly understood. Here we describe leucine binding-induced conformational changes of LARS1. We determine different crystal structures of LARS1 complexed with leucine, ATP, and a reaction intermediate analog, leucyl-sulfamoyl-adenylate (Leu-AMS), and find two distinct functional states of LARS1 for mTORC1 activation. Upon leucine binding to the synthetic site, H251 and R517 in the connective polypeptide and 50FPYPY54 in the catalytic domain change the hydrogen bond network, leading to conformational change in the C-terminal domain, correlating with RagD association. Leucine binding to LARS1 is increased in the presence of ATP, further augmenting leucine-dependent interaction of LARS1 and RagD. Thus, this work unveils the structural basis for leucine-dependent long-range communication between the catalytic and RagD-binding domains of LARS1 for mTORC1 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sulhee Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Ina Yoon
- Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, Institute for Artificial Intelligence and Biomedical Research, College of Pharmacy & College of Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea
| | - Jonghyeon Son
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Junga Park
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Kibum Kim
- Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Program of Integrated OMICS for Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Ho Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Sam-Yong Park
- Drug Design Laboratory, Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Beom Sik Kang
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Min Han
- Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Program of Integrated OMICS for Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Yeon Hwang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sunghoon Kim
- Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, Institute for Artificial Intelligence and Biomedical Research, College of Pharmacy & College of Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea.
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Schwartz J, Son J, Brugger C, Deaconescu AM. Phospho-dependent signaling during the general stress response by the atypical response regulator and ClpXP adaptor RssB. Protein Sci 2021; 30:899-907. [PMID: 33599047 DOI: 10.1002/pro.4047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
In the model organism Escherichia coli and related species, the general stress response relies on tight regulation of the intracellular levels of the promoter specificity subunit RpoS. RpoS turnover is exclusively dependent on RssB, a two-domain response regulator that functions as an adaptor that delivers RpoS to ClpXP for proteolysis. Here, we report crystal structures of the receiver domain of RssB both in its unphosphorylated form and bound to the phosphomimic BeF3 - . Surprisingly, we find only modest differences between these two structures, suggesting that truncating RssB may partially activate the receiver domain to a "meta-active" state. Our structural and sequence analysis points to RssB proteins not conforming to either the Y-T coupling scheme for signaling seen in prototypical response regulators, such as CheY, or to the signaling model of the less understood FATGUY proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Schwartz
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Laboratories of Molecular Medicine Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Jonghyeon Son
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Laboratories of Molecular Medicine Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Christiane Brugger
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Laboratories of Molecular Medicine Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Alexandra M Deaconescu
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Laboratories of Molecular Medicine Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
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Kim IS, Choi W, Son J, Lee JH, Lee H, Lee J, Shin SC, Kim HW. Screening and Genetic Network Analysis of Genes Involved in Freezing and Thawing Resistance in DaMDHAR-Expressing Saccharomyces cerevisiae Using Gene Expression Profiling. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12020219. [PMID: 33546197 PMCID: PMC7913288 DOI: 10.3390/genes12020219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The cryoprotection of cell activity is a key determinant in frozen-dough technology. Although several factors that contribute to freezing tolerance have been reported, the mechanism underlying the manner in which yeast cells respond to freezing and thawing (FT) stress is not well established. Therefore, the present study demonstrated the relationship between DaMDHAR encoding monodehydroascorbate reductase from Antarctic hairgrass Deschampsia antarctica and stress tolerance to repeated FT cycles (FT2) in transgenic yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. DaMDHAR-expressing yeast (DM) cells identified by immunoblotting analysis showed high tolerance to FT stress conditions, thereby causing lower damage for yeast cells than wild-type (WT) cells with empty vector alone. To detect FT2 tolerance-associated genes, 3′-quant RNA sequencing was employed using mRNA isolated from DM and WT cells exposed to FT (FT2) conditions. Approximately 332 genes showed ≥2-fold changes in DM cells and were classified into various groups according to their gene expression. The expressions of the changed genes were further confirmed using western blot analysis and biochemical assay. The upregulated expression of 197 genes was associated with pentose phosphate pathway, NADP metabolic process, metal ion homeostasis, sulfate assimilation, β-alanine metabolism, glycerol synthesis, and integral component of mitochondrial and plasma membrane (PM) in DM cells under FT2 stress, whereas the expression of the remaining 135 genes was partially related to protein processing, selenocompound metabolism, cell cycle arrest, oxidative phosphorylation, and α-glucoside transport under the same condition. With regard to transcription factors in DM cells, MSN4 and CIN5 were activated, but MSN2 and MGA1 were not. Regarding antioxidant systems and protein kinases in DM cells under FT stress, CTT1, GTO, GEX1, and YOL024W were upregulated, whereas AIF1, COX2, and TRX3 were not. Gene activation represented by transcription factors and enzymatic antioxidants appears to be associated with FT2-stress tolerance in transgenic yeast cells. RCK1, MET14, and SIP18, but not YPK2, have been known to be involved in the protein kinase-mediated signalling pathway and glycogen synthesis. Moreover, SPI18 and HSP12 encoding hydrophilin in the PM were detected. Therefore, it was concluded that the genetic network via the change of gene expression levels of multiple genes contributing to the stabilization and functionality of the mitochondria and PM, not of a single gene, might be the crucial determinant for FT tolerance in DaMDAHR-expressing transgenic yeast. These findings provide a foundation for elucidating the DaMDHAR-dependent molecular mechanism of the complex functional resistance in the cellular response to FT stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Il-Sup Kim
- Advanced Bio-Resource Research Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea;
| | - Woong Choi
- Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, Korea; (W.C.); (J.S.); (J.H.L.); (H.L.); (J.L.); (S.C.S.)
| | - Jonghyeon Son
- Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, Korea; (W.C.); (J.S.); (J.H.L.); (H.L.); (J.L.); (S.C.S.)
| | - Jun Hyuck Lee
- Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, Korea; (W.C.); (J.S.); (J.H.L.); (H.L.); (J.L.); (S.C.S.)
- Department of Polar Science, University of Science and Technology, Incheon 21990, Korea
| | - Hyoungseok Lee
- Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, Korea; (W.C.); (J.S.); (J.H.L.); (H.L.); (J.L.); (S.C.S.)
- Department of Polar Science, University of Science and Technology, Incheon 21990, Korea
| | - Jungeun Lee
- Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, Korea; (W.C.); (J.S.); (J.H.L.); (H.L.); (J.L.); (S.C.S.)
- Department of Polar Science, University of Science and Technology, Incheon 21990, Korea
| | - Seung Chul Shin
- Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, Korea; (W.C.); (J.S.); (J.H.L.); (H.L.); (J.L.); (S.C.S.)
| | - Han-Woo Kim
- Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, Korea; (W.C.); (J.S.); (J.H.L.); (H.L.); (J.L.); (S.C.S.)
- Department of Polar Science, University of Science and Technology, Incheon 21990, Korea
- Correspondence:
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Son J, Tran T, Yao M, Michener C. Factors associated with successful same-day discharge in patients undergoing minimally invasive hysterectomy for endometrial cancer and atypical complex hyperplasia. Gynecol Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2020.05.547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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AlHilli M, Son J, Carr C, Yao M, Michener C, Rose P. Mismatch repair deficiency is predictive of improved response to radiation therapy in patients with advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2020.05.406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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15
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Son J, Carr C, Chambers LM, Michener C, Meng Y, Yen T, Beavis A, Stone R, Wethington S, Burkett W, Richardson D, Staley AS, Ahn S, Gehrig P, Torres D, Dowdy S, Sullivan M, Modesitt S, Watson C, Secord A, Veade A, Havrilesky L, Loreen A, Griffin K, Jackson A, Fader AN, Ricci S. Adjuvant treatment in high intermediate risk early stage endometrial cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2019.11.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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16
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Kim J, Lee H, Roh YJ, Kim HU, Shin D, Kim S, Son J, Lee A, Kim M, Park J, Hwang SY, Kim K, Lee YK, Jung HS, Hwang KY, Lee BC. Structural and kinetic insights into flavin-containing monooxygenase and calponin-homology domains in human MICAL3. IUCrJ 2020; 7:90-99. [PMID: 31949908 PMCID: PMC6949599 DOI: 10.1107/s2052252519015409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
MICAL is an oxidoreductase that participates in cytoskeleton reorganization via actin disassembly in the presence of NADPH. Although three MICALs (MICAL1, MICAL2 and MICAL3) have been identified in mammals, only the structure of mouse MICAL1 has been reported. Here, the first crystal structure of human MICAL3, which contains the flavin-containing monooxygenase (FMO) and calponin-homology (CH) domains, is reported. MICAL3 has an FAD/NADP-binding Rossmann-fold domain for mono-oxygenase activity like MICAL1. The FMO and CH domains of both MICAL3 and MICAL1 are highly similar in structure, but superimposition of the two structures shows a different relative position of the CH domain in the asymmetric unit. Based on kinetic analyses, the catalytic efficiency of MICAL3 dramatically increased on adding F-actin only when the CH domain was available. However, this did not occur when two residues, Glu213 and Arg530, were mutated in the FMO and CH domains, respectively. Overall, MICAL3 is structurally highly similar to MICAL1, which suggests that they may adopt the same catalytic mechanism, but the difference in the relative position of the CH domain produces a difference in F-actin substrate specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junsoo Kim
- College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Haemin Lee
- College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Jin Roh
- College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-ul Kim
- Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Biosystems and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, 1 Kangwondaekak-gil, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghyuk Shin
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Sorah Kim
- College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jonghyeon Son
- College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Aro Lee
- College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Minseo Kim
- College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Junga Park
- College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Yun Hwang
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyunghwan Kim
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Kwon Lee
- Department of Culinary Art and Food Service Management, Yuhan University, 590 Gyeongin-ro, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 14780, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Suk Jung
- Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Biosystems and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, 1 Kangwondaekak-gil, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Yeon Hwang
- College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Cheon Lee
- College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
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Chen X, Grimm J, Baker B, Son J, Siu C, Redmond K, Bettegowda C, Lim M, Kleinberg L. Fractionated Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Brainstem Metastasis and Brainstem Tolerance. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.06.2328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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18
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Son J, Carr C, Radeva M, Priyadarshini A, Marquard J, AlHilli M. Molecular and pathologic features of endometrial cancer in young patients. Gynecol Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2019.03.211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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19
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Son J, Carr C, Yao M, Radeva M, Priyadarshini A, Marquard J, AlHilli M. Characterization of endometrial cancer in young patients diagnosed under the age of 40 years. Gynecol Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2019.04.615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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20
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Yen T, Beavis A, Stone R, Wethington S, Carr C, Son J, Chambers LM, Ricci S, Burkett W, Richardson D, Staley A, Ahn S, Gehrig P, Torres D, Dowdy S, Sullivan M, Modesitt S, Watson C, Secord A, Veade A, Havrilesky L, Loreen A, Griffin K, Jackson A, Fader A. Early-stage endometrial cancer with lymphovascular space invasion: Chemotherapy improves progression free survival and reduces distant metastases. Gynecol Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2019.04.675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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21
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Cho S, Son J, Kim H, Jeong J, Lee S, Lim Y, Lee S, Yoon M, Shin D. The Development of New Dosimetry System using an Optic-Disk Radiation Sensor for Pencil Beam Scanning Mode. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2018.07.1379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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22
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Peng L, Chen L, Han P, Baker B, Shen C, Gui C, Sheikh K, Ames H, Kirschbaum T, Silvestri F, Son J, Robinson A, Huang E, Grimm J, Redmond K, Lim M, Lee J, Kleinberg L. Concurrent Immunotherapy Usage and Asymmetric Growth May Distinguish True Progression from Treatment Effect in Growing Brain Metastases after Stereotactic Radiosurgery. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2018.07.919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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23
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Son J, Kim S, Kim SE, Lee H, Lee MR, Hwang KY. Structural Analysis of an Epitope Candidate of Triosephosphate Isomerase in Opisthorchis viverrini. Sci Rep 2018; 8:15075. [PMID: 30305716 PMCID: PMC6180082 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33479-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Opisthorchis viverrini, a parasitic trematode, was recategorized as a group 1 biological carcinogen because it causes opisthorchiasis, which may result in cholangiocarcinoma. A new strategy for controlling opisthorchiasis is needed because of issues such as drug resistance and reinfection. Triosephosphate isomerase (TIM), a key enzyme in energy metabolism, is regarded as a potential drug target and vaccine candidate against various pathogens. Here, we determined the crystal structures of wild-type and 3 variants of TIMs from O. viverrini (OvTIM) at high resolution. The unique tripeptide of parasite trematodes, the SAD motif, was located on the surface of OvTIM and contributed to forming a 310-helix of the following loop in a sequence-independent manner. Through thermal stability and structural analyses of OvTIM variants, we found that the SAD motif induced local structural alterations of the surface and was involved in the overall stability of OvTIM in a complementary manner with another parasite-specific residue, N115. Comparison of the surface characteristics between OvTIM and Homo sapiens TIM (HsTIM) and structure-based epitope prediction suggested that the SAD motif functions as an epitope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonghyeon Son
- 0000 0001 0840 2678grid.222754.4Division of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 136-701 South Korea
| | - Sulhee Kim
- 0000 0001 0840 2678grid.222754.4Division of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 136-701 South Korea
| | - So Eun Kim
- 0000 0001 0840 2678grid.222754.4Division of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 136-701 South Korea
| | - Haemin Lee
- 0000 0001 0840 2678grid.222754.4Division of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 136-701 South Korea
| | - Myoung-Ro Lee
- 0000 0004 0647 4899grid.415482.eDivision of Malaria & Parasitic Disease, Korea National Institute of Health, Osong, 28159 Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Yeon Hwang
- 0000 0001 0840 2678grid.222754.4Division of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 136-701 South Korea
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Gordon AC, Gillespie C, Son J, Polhill T, Leibman S, Smith GS. Long-term outcomes of laparoscopic large hiatus hernia repair with nonabsorbable mesh. Dis Esophagus 2018; 31:4850447. [PMID: 29444215 DOI: 10.1093/dote/dox156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The use of mesh to augment suture repair of large hiatus hernias remains controversial. Repair with mesh may help reduce the recurrence rate of primary repair, but concerns about the potential for serious complications, such as mesh erosion or stricturing, continue to limit its use. We aim to evaluate the long-term outcome of primary hiatus hernia repair with lightweight polypropylene mesh (TiMesh) specifically looking at rates of clinical recurrence, dysphagia, and mesh-related complications. From a prospectively maintained database, 50 consecutive patients who underwent elective primary laparoscopic hiatal hernia repair with TiMesh between January 2005 and December 2007 were identified. Case notes and postoperative endoscopy reports were reviewed. Clinical outcomes were evaluated using a structured questionnaire, including a validated dysphagia score. Of the 50 patients identified, 36 (72%) were contactable for follow-up. At a median follow-up of 9 years, the majority of patients (97%) regarded their surgery as successful. Twelve patients (33%) reported a recurrence of their symptoms, but only 4 (11%) reported that their symptoms were as severe as prior to the surgery. There was no significant difference between pre- and postoperative dysphagia scores. Postoperative endoscopy reports were available for 32 patients at a median time point of 4 years postoperatively, none of which revealed any mesh-related complications. One patient had undergone a revision procedure for a recurrent hernia at another institution. In this series, primary repair of large hiatus hernia with nonabsorbable mesh was not associated with any adverse effects over time. Patient satisfaction with symptomatic outcome remained high in the long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Gordon
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - C Gillespie
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - J Son
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - T Polhill
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - S Leibman
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - G S Smith
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Kim HT, Na BK, Chung J, Kim S, Kwon SK, Cha H, Son J, Cho JM, Hwang KY. Structural Basis for Inhibitor-Induced Hydrogen Peroxide Production by Kynurenine 3-Monooxygenase. Cell Chem Biol 2018; 25:426-438.e4. [PMID: 29429898 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2018.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Kynurenine 3-monooxygenase (KMO) inhibitors have been developed for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. The mechanisms of flavin reduction and hydrogen peroxide production by KMO inhibitors are unknown. Herein, we report the structure of human KMO and crystal structures of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (sc) and Pseudomonas fluorescens (pf) KMO with Ro 61-8048. Proton transfer in the hydrogen bond network triggers flavin reduction in p-hydroxybenzoate hydroxylase, but the mechanism triggering flavin reduction in KMO is different. Conformational changes via π-π interactions between the loop above the flavin and substrate or non-substrate effectors lead to disorder of the C-terminal α helix in scKMO and shifts of domain III in pfKMO, stimulating flavin reduction. Interestingly, Ro 61-8048 has two different binding modes. It acts as a competitive inhibitor in scKMO and as a non-substrate effector in pfKMO. These findings provide understanding of the catalytic cycle of KMO and insight for structure-based drug design of KMO inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Tae Kim
- Crystalgenomics, Inc., 5F, Tower A, Korea Bio Park 700, Daewangpangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13524, Korea; Division of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Byeong Kwan Na
- Crystalgenomics, Inc., 5F, Tower A, Korea Bio Park 700, Daewangpangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13524, Korea
| | - Jiwoung Chung
- Crystalgenomics, Inc., 5F, Tower A, Korea Bio Park 700, Daewangpangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13524, Korea
| | - Sulhee Kim
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Sool Ki Kwon
- Crystalgenomics, Inc., 5F, Tower A, Korea Bio Park 700, Daewangpangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13524, Korea
| | - Hyunju Cha
- Crystalgenomics, Inc., 5F, Tower A, Korea Bio Park 700, Daewangpangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13524, Korea
| | - Jonghyeon Son
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Joong Myung Cho
- Crystalgenomics, Inc., 5F, Tower A, Korea Bio Park 700, Daewangpangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13524, Korea.
| | - Kwang Yeon Hwang
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea.
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Kang KT, Son J, Suh DS, Kwon SK, Kwon OR, Koh YG. Patient-specific medial unicompartmental knee arthroplasty has a greater protective effect on articular cartilage in the lateral compartment: A Finite Element Analysis. Bone Joint Res 2018; 7:20-27. [PMID: 29305427 PMCID: PMC5805830 DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.71.bjr-2017-0115.r2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Patient-specific (PS) implantation surgical technology has been introduced in recent years and a gradual increase in the associated number of surgical cases has been observed. PS technology uses a patient's own geometry in designing a medical device to provide minimal bone resection with improvement in the prosthetic bone coverage. However, whether PS unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) provides a better biomechanical effect than standard off-the-shelf prostheses for UKA has not yet been determined, and still remains controversial in both biomechanical and clinical fields. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the biomechanical effect between PS and standard off-the-shelf prostheses for UKA. METHODS The contact stresses on the polyethylene (PE) insert, articular cartilage and lateral meniscus were evaluated in PS and standard off-the-shelf prostheses for UKA using a validated finite element model. Gait cycle loading was applied to evaluate the biomechanical effect in the PS and standard UKAs. RESULTS The contact stresses on the PE insert were similar for both the PS and standard UKAs. Compared with the standard UKA, the PS UKA did not show any biomechanical effect on the medial PE insert. However, the contact stresses on the articular cartilage and the meniscus in the lateral compartment following the PS UKA exhibited closer values to the healthy knee joint compared with the standard UKA. CONCLUSION The PS UKA provided mechanics closer to those of the normal knee joint. The decreased contact stress on the opposite compartment may reduce the overall risk of progressive osteoarthritis.Cite this article: K-T. Kang, J. Son, D-S. Suh, S. K. Kwon, O-R. Kwon, Y-G. Koh. Patient-specific medial unicompartmental knee arthroplasty has a greater protective effect on articular cartilage in the lateral compartment: A Finite Element Analysis. Bone Joint Res 2018;7:20-27. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.71.BJR-2017-0115.R2.
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Affiliation(s)
- K-T. Kang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, South Korea
| | - J. Son
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, South Korea
| | - D-S. Suh
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Joint Reconstruction Center, Yonsei Sarang Hospital, 10 Hyoryeong-ro, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06698, South Korea
| | - S. K. Kwon
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Joint Reconstruction Center, Yonsei Sarang Hospital, 10 Hyoryeong-ro, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06698, South Korea
| | - O-R. Kwon
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Joint Reconstruction Center, Yonsei Sarang Hospital, 10 Hyoryeong-ro, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06698, South Korea
| | - Y-G. Koh
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Joint Reconstruction Center, Yonsei Sarang Hospital, 10 Hyoryeong-ro, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06698, South Korea
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Kang KT, Koh YG, Son J, Kwon OR, Lee JS, Kwon SK. A computational simulation study to determine the biomechanical influence of posterior condylar offset and tibial slope in cruciate retaining total knee arthroplasty. Bone Joint Res 2018; 7:69-78. [PMID: 29330345 PMCID: PMC5805829 DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.71.bjr-2017-0143.r1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Posterior condylar offset (PCO) and posterior tibial slope (PTS) are critical factors in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). A computational simulation was performed to evaluate the biomechanical effect of PCO and PTS on cruciate retaining TKA. Methods We generated a subject-specific computational model followed by the development of ± 1 mm, ± 2 mm and ± 3 mm PCO models in the posterior direction, and -3°, 0°, 3° and 6° PTS models with each of the PCO models. Using a validated finite element (FE) model, we investigated the influence of the changes in PCO and PTS on the contact stress in the patellar button and the forces on the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL), patellar tendon and quadriceps muscles under the deep knee-bend loading conditions. Results Contact stress on the patellar button increased and decreased as PCO translated to the anterior and posterior directions, respectively. In addition, contact stress on the patellar button decreased as PTS increased. These trends were consistent in the FE models with altered PCO. Higher quadriceps muscle and patellar tendon force are required as PCO translated in the anterior direction with an equivalent flexion angle. However, as PTS increased, quadriceps muscle and patellar tendon force reduced in each PCO condition. The forces exerted on the PCL increased as PCO translated to the posterior direction and decreased as PTS increased. Conclusion The change in PCO alternatively provided positive and negative biomechanical effects, but it led to a reduction in a negative biomechanical effect as PTS increased. Cite this article: K-T. Kang, Y-G. Koh, J. Son, O-R. Kwon, J-S. Lee, S. K. Kwon. A computational simulation study to determine the biomechanical influence of posterior condylar offset and tibial slope in cruciate retaining total knee arthroplasty. Bone Joint Res 2018;7:69–78. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.71.BJR-2017-0143.R1.
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Affiliation(s)
- K-T Kang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, South Korea
| | - Y-G Koh
- Joint Reconstruction Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei Sarang Hospital, 10 Hyoryeong-ro, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06698, South Korea
| | - J Son
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, South Korea
| | - O-R Kwon
- Joint Reconstruction Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei Sarang Hospital, 10 Hyoryeong-ro, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06698, South Korea
| | - J-S Lee
- Joint Reconstruction Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei Sarang Hospital, 10 Hyoryeong-ro, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06698, South Korea
| | - S K Kwon
- Joint Reconstruction Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei Sarang Hospital, 10 Hyoryeong-ro, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06698, South Korea
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Sandilands LJ, Kyung W, Kim SY, Son J, Kwon J, Kang TD, Yoshida Y, Moon SJ, Kim C, Noh TW. Spin-Orbit Coupling and Interband Transitions in the Optical Conductivity of Sr_{2}RhO_{4}. Phys Rev Lett 2017; 119:267402. [PMID: 29328701 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.267402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The prototypical correlated metal Sr_{2}RhO_{4} was studied using optical and photoemission spectroscopy. At low energies and temperatures, the optical data reveal a complex, multicomponent response that on the surface points to an unconventional metallic state in this material. Via a comparison with photoemission, the anomalous optical response may be attributed to an unexpectedly strong interband transition near 180 meV between spin-orbit coupled bands that are nearly parallel along ΓX. This spin-orbit coupling effect is shown to occur in a number of related metallic ruthenates and explains the previously puzzling optical properties reported for these materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke J Sandilands
- Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Measurement Science and Standards, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ottawa K1A 0R6 Canada
| | - Wonshik Kyung
- Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - So Yeun Kim
- Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - J Son
- Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - J Kwon
- Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - T D Kang
- Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Y Yoshida
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba 305-8568, Japan
| | - S J Moon
- Department of Physics, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - C Kim
- Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Won Noh
- Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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Cho J, Kim Y, Ahn H, I H, Son J. P3.16-006 Impact of Limited Resection or Omitted Adjuvant Therapy in Patients with Pathologic Stage II and III Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2017.09.1812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Cho J, Kim Y, Ahn H, I H, Son J. P1.16-001 Characteristics of Resected Lung Cancer in Patients Aged Under 60: A Single–Center Experience. J Thorac Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2017.09.1054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Lee J, Rho J, Son J, Choi C. P3.02-088 Enhanced Glycolysis Is Critical for Maintaining Inactivation of JNK and Stability of EGFR Leading to the Survival of EGFR-Mutant Lung Cancer Cells. J Thorac Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2017.09.1617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Suh DS, Kang KT, Son J, Kwon OR, Baek C, Koh YG. Computational study on the effect of malalignment of the tibial component on the biomechanics of total knee arthroplasty: A Finite Element Analysis. Bone Joint Res 2017; 6:623-630. [PMID: 29162607 PMCID: PMC5717075 DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.611.bjr-2016-0088.r2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2016] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Malalignment of the tibial component could influence the long-term survival of a total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The object of this study was to investigate the biomechanical effect of varus and valgus malalignment on the tibial component under stance-phase gait cycle loading conditions. Methods Validated finite element models for varus and valgus malalignment by 3° and 5° were developed to evaluate the effect of malalignment on the tibial component in TKA. Maximum contact stress and contact area on a polyethylene insert, maximum contact stress on patellar button and the collateral ligament force were investigated. Results There was greater total contact stress in the varus alignment than in the valgus, with more marked difference on the medial side. An increase in ligament force was clearly demonstrated, especially in the valgus alignment and force exerted on the medial collateral ligament also increased. Conclusion These results highlight the importance of accurate surgical reconstruction of the coronal tibial alignment of the knee joint. Varus and valgus alignments will influence wear and ligament stability, respectively in TKA. Cite this article: D-S. Suh, K-T. Kang, J. Son, O-R. Kwon, C. Baek, Y-G. Koh. Computational study on the effect of malalignment of the tibial component on the biomechanics of total knee arthroplasty: A Finite Element Analysis. Bone Joint Res 2017;6:623–630. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.611.BJR-2016-0088.R2.
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Affiliation(s)
- D-S Suh
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Joint Reconstruction Center, Yonsei Sarang Hospital, 10 Hyoryeongro, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06698, Republic of Korea
| | - K-T Kang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - J Son
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - O-R Kwon
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Joint Reconstruction Center, Yonsei Sarang Hospital, 10 Hyoryeongro, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06698, Republic of Korea
| | - C Baek
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Joint Reconstruction Center, Yonsei Sarang Hospital, 10 Hyoryeongro, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06698, Republic of Korea
| | - Y-G Koh
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Joint Reconstruction Center, Yonsei Sarang Hospital, 10 Hyoryeongro, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06698, Republic of Korea
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Cho J, Kim Y, Ahn H, I H, Son J. P2.16-011 Unsuspectedly Detected Isolated Fibrinogen Deficiency in a Patient with Lung Adenocarcinoma after Surgery. J Thorac Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2017.09.1420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Park M, Seo H, Kim B, Son J, Liu K, Park B, Kim M, Hong S. 123 The fatty-acid chain length of ceramides is negatively affected by chronic UV exposure. J Invest Dermatol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.07.433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Kim H, Choi Y, Son J, Cho Y, Chung B, Park C. 142 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) regulates the expression of AhR-related factors(AhR, ARNT, CYP1A1), and cytokines in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and changes in differentiation of CD4+ T cells from healthy subjects, patients with atopic dermatitis and psoriasis. J Invest Dermatol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.07.452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Koh YG, Son J, Kwon SK, Kim HJ, Kwon OR, Kang KT. Preservation of kinematics with posterior cruciate-, bicruciate- and patient-specific bicruciate-retaining prostheses in total knee arthroplasty by using computational simulation with normal knee model. Bone Joint Res 2017; 6:557-565. [PMID: 28947604 PMCID: PMC5631000 DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.69.bjr-2016-0250.r1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Preservation of both anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) can lead to near-normal post-operative joint mechanics and improved knee function. We hypothesised that a patient-specific bicruciate-retaining prosthesis preserves near-normal kinematics better than standard off-the-shelf posterior cruciate-retaining and bicruciate-retaining prostheses in TKA. Methods We developed the validated models to evaluate the post-operative kinematics in patient-specific bicruciate-retaining, standard off-the-shelf bicruciate-retaining and posterior cruciate-retaining TKA under gait and deep knee bend loading conditions using numerical simulation. Results Tibial posterior translation and internal rotation in patient-specific bicruciate-retaining prostheses preserved near-normal kinematics better than other standard off-the-shelf prostheses under gait loading conditions. Differences from normal kinematics were minimised for femoral rollback and internal-external rotation in patient-specific bicruciate-retaining, followed by standard off-the-shelf bicruciate-retaining and posterior cruciate-retaining TKA under deep knee bend loading conditions. Moreover, the standard off-the-shelf posterior cruciate-retaining TKA in this study showed the most abnormal performance in kinematics under gait and deep knee bend loading conditions, whereas patient-specific bicruciate-retaining TKA led to near-normal kinematics. Conclusion This study showed that restoration of the normal geometry of the knee joint in patient-specific bicruciate-retaining TKA and preservation of the anterior cruciate ligament can lead to improvement in kinematics compared with the standard off-the-shelf posterior cruciate-retaining and bicruciate-retaining TKA. Cite this article: Y-G. Koh, J. Son, S-K. Kwon, H-J. Kim, O-R. Kwon, K-T. Kang. Preservation of kinematics with posterior cruciate-, bicruciate- and patient-specific bicruciate-retaining prostheses in total knee arthroplasty by using computational simulation with normal knee model. Bone Joint Res 2017;6:557–565. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.69.BJR-2016-0250.R1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-G Koh
- Joint Reconstruction Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei Sarang Hospital, 10 Hyoryeong-ro, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06698, South Korea
| | - J Son
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - S-K Kwon
- Joint Reconstruction Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei Sarang Hospital, 10 Hyoryeong-ro, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06698, South Korea
| | - H-J Kim
- Spine Center and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82 Gumi-ro 173 Beongil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13620, South Korea
| | - O-R Kwon
- Joint Reconstruction Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei Sarang Hospital, 10 Hyoryeong-ro, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06698, South Korea
| | - K-T Kang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
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Abstract
tRNA maturation involves several steps, including processing, splicing, CCA addition, and posttranscriptional modifications. tRNAHis guanylyltransferase (Thg1) is the only enzyme known to catalyze templated nucleotide addition in the 3'-5' direction, unlike other DNA and RNA polymerases. For a better understanding of its unique catalytic mechanism at the molecular level, we determined the crystal structure of GTP-bound Thg1 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae at the maximum resolution of 3.0 Å. The structure revealed the enzyme to have a tetrameric conformation that is well conserved among different species, and the GTP molecule was clearly bound at the active site, coordinating with two magnesium ions. In addition, two flexible protomers at the potential binding site (PBS) for tRNAHis were observed. We suggest that the PBS of the tetramer could also be one of the sites for interaction with partner proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kitaik Lee
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Hye Lee
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Jonghyeon Son
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Yeon Hwang
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea.
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Kang KT, Koh YG, Jung M, Nam JH, Son J, Lee YH, Kim SJ, Kim SH. The effects of posterior cruciate ligament deficiency on posterolateral corner structures under gait- and squat-loading conditions: A computational knee model. Bone Joint Res 2017; 6:31-42. [PMID: 28077395 PMCID: PMC5301905 DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.61.bjr-2016-0184.r1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives The aim of the current study was to analyse the effects of posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) deficiency on forces of the posterolateral corner structure and on tibiofemoral (TF) and patellofemoral (PF) contact force under dynamic-loading conditions. Methods A subject-specific knee model was validated using a passive flexion experiment, electromyography data, muscle activation, and previous experimental studies. The simulation was performed on the musculoskeletal models with and without PCL deficiency using a novel force-dependent kinematics method under gait- and squat-loading conditions, followed by probabilistic analysis for material uncertain to be considered. Results Comparison of predicted passive flexion, posterior drawer kinematics and muscle activation with experimental measurements showed good agreement. Forces of the posterolateral corner structure, and TF and PF contact forces increased with PCL deficiency under gait- and squat-loading conditions. The rate of increase in PF contact force was the greatest during the squat-loading condition. The TF contact forces increased on both medial and lateral compartments during gait-loading conditions. However, during the squat-loading condition, the medial TF contact force tended to increase, while the lateral TF contact forces decreased. The posterolateral corner structure, which showed the greatest increase in force with deficiency of PCL under both gait- and squat-loading conditions, was the popliteus tendon (PT). Conclusion PCL deficiency is a factor affecting the variability of force on the PT in dynamic-loading conditions, and it could lead to degeneration of the PF joint. Cite this article: K-T. Kang, Y-G. Koh, M. Jung, J-H. Nam, J. Son, Y.H. Lee, S-J. Kim, S-H. Kim. The effects of posterior cruciate ligament deficiency on posterolateral corner structures under gait- and squat-loading conditions: A computational knee model. Bone Joint Res 2017;6:31–42. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.61.BJR-2016-0184.R1.
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Affiliation(s)
- K-T Kang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Y-G Koh
- Joint Reconstruction Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei Sarang Hospital, 10 Hyoryeong-ro, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06698, South Korea
| | - M Jung
- AnyBody Technology A/S, 10 Niels Jernes Vej, Aalborg, 9220, Denmark
| | - J-H Nam
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - J Son
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Y H Lee
- Department of Radiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - S-J Kim
- Joint Reconstruction Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei Sarang Hospital, 10 Hyoryeong-ro, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06698, South Korea
| | - S-H Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, 211 Eonju-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06273, South Korea
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Kang KT, Koh YG, Son J, Kwon OR, Baek C, Jung SH, Park KK. Measuring the effect of femoral malrotation on knee joint biomechanics for total knee arthroplasty using computational simulation. Bone Joint Res 2016; 5:552-559. [PMID: 28094763 PMCID: PMC5131092 DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.511.bjr-2016-0107.r1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Malrotation of the femoral component can result in post-operative complications in total knee arthroplasty (TKA), including patellar maltracking. Therefore, we used computational simulation to investigate the influence of femoral malrotation on contact stresses on the polyethylene (PE) insert and on the patellar button as well as on the forces on the collateral ligaments. Materials and Methods Validated finite element (FE) models, for internal and external malrotations from 0° to 10° with regard to the neutral position, were developed to evaluate the effect of malrotation on the femoral component in TKA. Femoral malrotation in TKA on the knee joint was simulated in walking stance-phase gait and squat loading conditions. Results Contact stress on the medial side of the PE insert increased with internal femoral malrotation and decreased with external femoral malrotation in both stance-phase gait and squat loading conditions. There was an opposite trend in the lateral side of the PE insert case. Contact stress on the patellar button increased with internal femoral malrotation and decreased with external femoral malrotation in both stance-phase gait and squat loading conditions. In particular, contact stress on the patellar button increased by 98% with internal malrotation of 10° in the squat loading condition. The force on the medial collateral ligament (MCL) and the lateral collateral ligament (LCL) increased with internal and external femoral malrotations, respectively. Conclusions These findings provide support for orthopaedic surgeons to determine a more accurate femoral component alignment in order to reduce post-operative PE problems. Cite this article: K-T. Kang, Y-G. Koh, J. Son, O-R. Kwon, C. Baek, S. H. Jung, K. K. Park. Measuring the effect of femoral malrotation on knee joint biomechanics for total knee arthroplasty using computational simulation. Bone Joint Res 2016;5:552–559. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.511.BJR-2016-0107.R1.
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Affiliation(s)
- K-T Kang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y-G Koh
- Joint Reconstruction Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei Sarang Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J Son
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - O-R Kwon
- Joint Reconstruction Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei Sarang Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - C Baek
- Department of Mechanical and Control Engineering, The Cyber University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S H Jung
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - K K Park
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Jo S, Yan Y, Son J, Hong S, Lee J. The Effect of Fast Time Manipulation on Memory with Emotional Stimuli. Personality and Individual Differences 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2016.05.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Swarer K, Son J, Ganocy S, Singh S, Resnick K. Does Presentation to Medical Care Differ Between African-American And Caucasian Women With High-Grade Epithelial Ovarian Cancer? Gynecol Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2016.08.296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Park S, Son J, Park S, Choi H, Hong K. THE IMPACT OF INTERARM BLOOD PRESSURE DIFFERENCES TO CORONARY INTERVENTION IN PATIENTS WITH CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE. Can J Cardiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2016.07.447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Shin D, Son J, Kim M, Yoon M, Lee S, Lim Y, Park J, Lee S, Park S. Development of Real-Time Monitoring System for Proton Pencil Beam Spot Position Using Fiber-Optic Cerenkov Radiation Sensor Array. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2016.06.2157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Han AR, Kang HR, Son J, Kwon DH, Kim S, Lee WC, Song HK, Song MJ, Hwang KY. The structure of the pleiotropic transcription regulator CodY provides insight into its GTP-sensing mechanism. Nucleic Acids Res 2016; 44:9483-9493. [PMID: 27596595 PMCID: PMC5100569 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkw775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
GTP and branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) are metabolic sensors that are indispensable for the determination of the metabolic status of cells. However, their molecular sensing mechanism remains unclear. CodY is a unique global transcription regulator that recognizes GTP and BCAAs as specific signals and affects expression of more than 100 genes associated with metabolism. Herein, we report the first crystal structures of the full-length CodY complex with sensing molecules and describe their functional states. We observed two different oligomeric states of CodY: a dimeric complex of CodY from Staphylococcus aureus with the two metabolites GTP and isoleucine, and a tetrameric form (apo) of CodY from Bacillus cereus. Notably, the tetrameric state shows in an auto-inhibitory manner by blocking the GTP-binding site, whereas the binding sites of GTP and isoleucine are clearly visible in the dimeric state. The GTP is located at a hinge site between the long helical region and the metabolite-binding site. Together, data from structural and electrophoretic mobility shift assay analyses improve understanding of how CodY senses GTP and operates as a DNA-binding protein and a pleiotropic transcription regulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ah-Reum Han
- Department of Biosystems & Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-dong, Seoungbuk-gu, Seoul 136-713, South Korea
| | - Hye-Ri Kang
- Department of Biosystems & Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-dong, Seoungbuk-gu, Seoul 136-713, South Korea
| | - Jonghyeon Son
- Department of Biosystems & Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-dong, Seoungbuk-gu, Seoul 136-713, South Korea
| | - Do Hoon Kwon
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-dong, Seoungbuk-gu, Seoul 136-713, South Korea
| | - Sulhee Kim
- Department of Biosystems & Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-dong, Seoungbuk-gu, Seoul 136-713, South Korea
| | - Woo Cheol Lee
- Department of Biosystems & Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-dong, Seoungbuk-gu, Seoul 136-713, South Korea
| | - Hyun Kyu Song
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-dong, Seoungbuk-gu, Seoul 136-713, South Korea
| | - Moon Jung Song
- Department of Biosystems & Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-dong, Seoungbuk-gu, Seoul 136-713, South Korea
| | - Kwang Yeon Hwang
- Department of Biosystems & Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-dong, Seoungbuk-gu, Seoul 136-713, South Korea
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Chung B, Byun Y, Son J, Cho Y, Kim H, Cho H, Park C. 227 Effect of different cooking methods on histamine levels in selected foods. J Invest Dermatol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.06.247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Son J, Chung B, Cho Y, Byun Y, Yang Y, Cho H, Kim H, Park C. 222 Effects of itraconazole and tacrolimus on Aryl hydrocarbon receptor and NADPH quinine oxidoreductase 1. J Invest Dermatol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.06.242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Accili D, Talchai SC, Kim-Muller JY, Cinti F, Ishida E, Ordelheide AM, Kuo T, Fan J, Son J. When β-cells fail: lessons from dedifferentiation. Diabetes Obes Metab 2016; 18 Suppl 1:117-22. [PMID: 27615140 PMCID: PMC5021187 DOI: 10.1111/dom.12723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes is caused by a combination of impaired responsiveness to insulin and reduced production of insulin by the pancreas. Until recently, the decline of insulin production had been ascribed to β-cell death. But recent research has shown that β-cells do not die in diabetes, but undergo a silencing process, termed "dedifferentiation." The main implication of this discovery is that β-cells can be revived by appropriate treatments. We have shown that mitochondrial abnormalities are a key step in the progression of β-cell dysfunction towards dedifferentiation. In normal β-cells, mitochondria generate energy required to sustain insulin production and its finely timed release in response to the body's nutritional status. A normal β-cell can adapt its mitochondrial fuel source based on substrate availability, a concept known as "metabolic flexibility." This capability is the first casualty in the progress of β-cell failure. β-Cells lose the ability to select the right fuel for mitochondrial energy production. Mitochondria become overloaded, and accumulate by-products derived from incomplete fuel utilization. Energy production stalls, and insulin production drops, setting the stage for dedifferentiation. The ultimate goal of these investigations is to explore novel treatment paradigms that will benefit people with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Accili
- Department of Medicine and Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, New York.
| | - S C Talchai
- Department of Medicine and Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - J Y Kim-Muller
- Department of Medicine and Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - F Cinti
- Department of Medicine and Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - E Ishida
- Department of Medicine and Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - A M Ordelheide
- Department of Medicine and Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - T Kuo
- Department of Medicine and Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - J Fan
- Department of Medicine and Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - J Son
- Department of Medicine and Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, New York
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Han AR, Kim MJ, Kwak GH, Son J, Hwang KY, Kim HY. Essential Role of the Linker Region in the Higher Catalytic Efficiency of a Bifunctional MsrA-MsrB Fusion Protein. Biochemistry 2016; 55:5117-27. [PMID: 27551953 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.6b00544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Many bacteria, particularly pathogens, possess methionine sulfoxide reductase A (MsrA) and B (MsrB) as a fusion form (MsrAB). However, it is not clear why they possess a fusion MsrAB form rather than the separate enzymes that exist in most organisms. In this study, we performed biochemical and kinetic analyses of MsrAB from Treponema denticola (TdMsrAB), single-domain forms (TdMsrA and TdMsrB), and catalytic Cys mutants (TdMsrAB(C11S) and TdMsrAB(C285S)). We found that the catalytic efficiency of both MsrA and MsrB increased after fusion of the domains and that the linker region (iloop) that connects TdMsrA and TdMsrB is required for the higher catalytic efficiency of TdMsrAB. We also determined the crystal structure of TdMsrAB at 2.3 Å, showing that the iloop mainly interacts with TdMsrB via hydrogen bonds. Further kinetic analysis using the iloop mutants revealed that the iloop-TdMsrB interactions are critical to MsrB and MsrA activities. We also report the structure in which an oxidized form of dithiothreitol, an in vitro reductant for MsrA and MsrB, is present in the active site of TdMsrA. Collectively, the results of this study reveal an essential role of the iloop in maintaining the higher catalytic efficiency of the MsrAB fusion enzyme and provide a better understanding of why the MsrAB enzyme exists as a fused form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ah-Reum Han
- Department of Biosystems and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University , Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon-Jung Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Yeungnam University College of Medicine , Daegu 42415, Republic of Korea
| | - Geun-Hee Kwak
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Yeungnam University College of Medicine , Daegu 42415, Republic of Korea
| | - Jonghyeon Son
- Department of Biosystems and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University , Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Yeon Hwang
- Department of Biosystems and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University , Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa-Young Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Yeungnam University College of Medicine , Daegu 42415, Republic of Korea
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Kim J, Sambalkhundev GO, Kim S, Son J, Han AR, Ko SM, Hwang KY, Lee WC. Processing of A-form ssDNA by cryptic RNase H fold exonuclease PF2046. Arch Biochem Biophys 2016; 606:143-50. [PMID: 27495739 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2016.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
RNase H fold protein PF2046 of Pyrococcus furiosus is a 3'-5' ssDNA exonuclease that cleaves after the second nucleotide from the 3' end of ssDNA and prefers poly-dT over poly-dA as a substrate. In our crystal structure of PF2046 complexed with an oligonucleotide of four thymidine nucleotides (dT4), PF2046 accommodates dT4 tightly in a groove and imposes steric hindrance on dT4 mainly by Phe220 such that dT4 assumes the A-form. As poly-dA prefer B-form due to the stereochemical restrictions, the A-form ssDNA binding by PF2046 should disfavor the processing of poly-dA. Phe220 variants display reduced activity toward poly-dA and the A-form appears to be a prerequisite for the processing by PF2046.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junsoo Kim
- Division of Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-Dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea; Institute for Life Sciences and Natural Resources, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Gerelt-Od Sambalkhundev
- Division of Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-Dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea; Institute for Life Sciences and Natural Resources, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Sulhee Kim
- Division of Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-Dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Jonghyeon Son
- Division of Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-Dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Ah-Reum Han
- Division of Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-Dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Sul-Min Ko
- Division of Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-Dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Yeon Hwang
- Division of Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-Dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea.
| | - Woo Cheol Lee
- Division of Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-Dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea; Institute for Life Sciences and Natural Resources, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea.
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Lah J, Son J, Kim G, Shin D. SU-G-TeP2-15: Feasibility Study of Fiber-Optic Cerenkov Radiation Sensors for in Vivo Measurement: Dosimetric Characterization and Clinical Application in Proton Beams. Med Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4957050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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