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Vieira HR, Gonçalves GD, Alves VS, de Melo MAB, Borges SC, Klagenberg J, Neves CQ, Previate C, Saavedra LPJ, Siervo GEMDL, Malta A, Prado MAADC, Palma-Rigo K, Buttow NC, Fernandes GSA, Mathias PCDF. Neonatal metformin short exposure inhibits male reproductive dysfunction caused by a high-fat diet in adult rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2021; 429:115712. [PMID: 34481828 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2021.115712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Metformin (Met) is widely used to control blood glucose levels and acts on various organs, including reproductive tissues, to improve reproductive and lifespan. This study evaluated whether neonatal Met exposure prevented male reproductive dysfunction caused by being overweight during adulthood. Randomized Wistar rat pups received an intraperitoneal injection from postnatal days (PNDs) 1 to 12of saline (Sal; 0.9% NaCl/day in 2mL/kg) or Met (100 mg/kg/day in 2 mL/kg). From PNDs 60 to 90, the animals received a regular (R; 4.5% fat; Sal R and Met R groups) or a high-fat (HF; 35% fat; Sal HF and Met HF groups) diet. At PND 90, all animals were euthanized to evaluate their biometric and reproductive parameters. The Sal and Met groups with R showed similar body weights, however, the HF diet increased the body weight in both groups. The Sal HF group showed testicular damage regarding in antioxidant status and inflammatory profile in the epididymal cauda. The HF diet reduced Leydig and Sertoli cells numbers, with lower sperm quality. The Met R animals showed positive reproductive programming, due to improved antioxidant defense, inflammatory biomarkers, and sperm morphology. Met HF prevented HF diet damage to reproductive organs and sperm morphology, but not to sperm motility. Early Met exposure positively affected the male reproductive system of adult rats, preventing reproductive HF disorders. STATEMENT OF NOVELTY AND SIGNIFICANCE: Metformin is used to control type 2 diabetes mellitus and can act to improve metabolism and lifespan. Metformin avoidance is recommended during pregnancy, but there is no information regarding its use when breastfeeding. For the first time, we showed in this current study that metformin positively acts in the male reproductive tissues and helps involved in later life. These data showed a better antioxidant defense and anti-inflammatory profile of Metformin animals than Saline animals and might directly improve reproductive organs morphophysiology and sperm morphology. Also, the neonatal Met application programs the male reproduction to counterbalance damages from an obesogenic environment in later life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrique Rodrigues Vieira
- Department of Biotechnology, Genetics, and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá (UEM), Av. Colombo, 5790, CEP: 87020-900 Maringá, Paraná, Brazil; Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Science III, University of São Paulo (USP), Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2415, CEP: 05508-000 São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Gessica Dutra Gonçalves
- Department of Biotechnology, Genetics, and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá (UEM), Av. Colombo, 5790, CEP: 87020-900 Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Vander Silva Alves
- Department of Biotechnology, Genetics, and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá (UEM), Av. Colombo, 5790, CEP: 87020-900 Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Milene Aparecida Bobato de Melo
- Department of Biotechnology, Genetics, and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá (UEM), Av. Colombo, 5790, CEP: 87020-900 Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Stephanie Carvalho Borges
- Department of Morphological Sciences, State University of Maringá (UEM), Av. Colombo, 5790, CEP: 87020-900 Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Josana Klagenberg
- Department of Biotechnology, Genetics, and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá (UEM), Av. Colombo, 5790, CEP: 87020-900 Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Camila Quaglio Neves
- Department of Morphological Sciences, State University of Maringá (UEM), Av. Colombo, 5790, CEP: 87020-900 Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Carina Previate
- Department of Biotechnology, Genetics, and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá (UEM), Av. Colombo, 5790, CEP: 87020-900 Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Lucas Paulo Jacinto Saavedra
- Department of Biotechnology, Genetics, and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá (UEM), Av. Colombo, 5790, CEP: 87020-900 Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Gláucia Eloisa Munhoz de Lion Siervo
- Department of General Biology, Biological Sciences Center, State University of Londrina (UEL), Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, PR 445, CEP: 86057-970 Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Ananda Malta
- Department of Biotechnology, Genetics, and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá (UEM), Av. Colombo, 5790, CEP: 87020-900 Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Marialba Avezum Alves de Castro Prado
- Department of Biotechnology, Genetics, and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá (UEM), Av. Colombo, 5790, CEP: 87020-900 Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Kesia Palma-Rigo
- Department of Biotechnology, Genetics, and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá (UEM), Av. Colombo, 5790, CEP: 87020-900 Maringá, Paraná, Brazil; Faculdade Adventista Paranaense, PR-317 Km 119 Gleba, R. Paiçandu, Lote 80 - Zona Rural, CEP: 87130-000 Ivatuba - Paraná, Brazil
| | - Nilza Cristina Buttow
- Department of Morphological Sciences, State University of Maringá (UEM), Av. Colombo, 5790, CEP: 87020-900 Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Glaura Scantamburlo Alves Fernandes
- Department of General Biology, Biological Sciences Center, State University of Londrina (UEL), Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, PR 445, CEP: 86057-970 Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Paulo Cezar de Freitas Mathias
- Department of Biotechnology, Genetics, and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá (UEM), Av. Colombo, 5790, CEP: 87020-900 Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
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