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Schutz DL, de Marco IG, Teles AGDX, de Oliveira Schmitz AP, Gomes EMV, Manosso FC, Tonial IB, Pokrywiecki JC, Lingnau R, Pokrywieki TS, Módenes AN, Quiñones FRE, Düsman E. Soil toxicity in a protected area in Brazil: Cytotoxic, genotoxic, and toxic effects. Sci Total Environ 2023:164564. [PMID: 37263429 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The Campos de Palmas Wildlife Refuge (CPWR) (Brazil) is a full protection Conservation Unit (CU) formed by private properties, where the use of land and natural resources are allowed sustainably according to the rules of the CU Management Plan. Inadequate practices of land use and occupation within this CU can affect its quality and the organisms that depend on them. Considering the above, the objective of the present study was to biomonitor different land uses and occupations within the CPWR and its surroundings, during the four seasons of a year, using the bioindicators Allium cepa (cytotoxicity and genotoxicity tests) and Eisenia fetida (leakage test). The soil samples were collected in areas of silviculture, agriculture, and native grasslands within the CU and agriculture outside the limits of the CPWR. The use by silviculture (spring) and native grassland (summer) showed cytotoxic effects for A. cepa. The use by agriculture outside the CPWR (spring) showed genotoxic effect and stimulation of mitotic cell division. For the animal bioindicator, the use by agriculture within the CPWR (winter), native grassland (autumn and spring), silviculture (autumn and spring), and agriculture outside the CU (spring) showed a toxic effect. A PCA analysis showed a correlation between the results of toxicity, cytotoxicity, and genotoxicity with the presence of macronutrients and metals in the evaluated soil samples. Possibly influenced by their soil composition characteristics (silviculture and native grassland) or the management of agricultural areas. In addition, samples from the rainy season (spring) showed higher ecotoxicity. These results show that biomonitoring through different organisms is important for evaluating environmental quality and indicate the need for the implementation of preventive measures in the CPWR to avoid the toxic, cytotoxic, and genotoxic effects found. They also ensure the integrity of this CU and the active protection of the environment and biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiana Lauxen Schutz
- Environmental Analysis and Technology (PPGEA), Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR), Campus Francisco Beltrão, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Inara Giacobbo de Marco
- Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR), Campus Francisco Beltrão, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Anna Gabriela Drummond Xavier Teles
- Environmental Analysis and Technology (PPGEA), Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR), Campus Francisco Beltrão, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Ana Paula de Oliveira Schmitz
- Department of Engineering, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR), Campus Francisco Beltrão, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Eduardo Michel Vieira Gomes
- Department of Physics, Statistics and Mathematics, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR), Francisco Beltrão, PR, Brazil.
| | - Fernando Cesar Manosso
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR), Campus Francisco Beltrão, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Ivane Benedetti Tonial
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR), Campus Francisco Beltrão, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Juan Carlos Pokrywiecki
- Department of Engineering, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR), Campus Francisco Beltrão, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Rodrigo Lingnau
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR), Campus Francisco Beltrão, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Ticiane Sauer Pokrywieki
- Department of Engineering, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR), Campus Francisco Beltrão, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Aparecido Nivaldo Módenes
- Postgraduate Program of Chemical Engineering, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná (UNIOESTE), Toledo, Paraná, Brazil.
| | | | - Elisângela Düsman
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR), Campus Francisco Beltrão, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil.
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Dos Santos Gonçalves Nascimento GC, Dusman E, da Silva Gonzalez R, Nicola JV, de Souza Moura MA, de Oliveira KM, Oliveira AKG, Bressani PA, Santo DE, Filipi ÁCK, Gomes EMV, Pokrywiecki JC, de Souza DC, Peron AP. Toxicity of methylparaben and its chlorinated derivatives to Allium cepa L. and Eisenia fetida Sav. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:57850-57861. [PMID: 36971943 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26539-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Methylparaben, chloro-methylparaben, and dichloro-methylparaben were evaluated in Allium cepa at 5, 10, 50, and 100 μg/L and in Eisenia fetida at 10 and 100 μg/L. In A. cepa roots, 100 μg/L methylparaben and 50 and 100 μg/L chlorinated methylparabens reduced cell proliferation, caused cellular changes, and reduced cell viability in meristems, which caused a reduction in root growth. Furthermore, they caused drastic inhibition of catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase; activated guaiacol peroxidase and promoted lipid peroxidation in meristematic root cells. In earthworms, after 14 days exposure to the three compounds, there were no deaths, and catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase were not inhibited. However, guaiacol peroxidase activity and lipid peroxidation were observed in animals exposed to dichloro-methylparaben. Soils with dichloro-methylparaben also caused the escape of earthworms. It is inferred that the recurrent contamination of soils with these methylparabens, with emphasis on chlorinated derivatives, can negatively impact different species that depend directly or indirectly on soil to survive.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elisângela Dusman
- Graduate Program in Environmental Engineering, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Regiane da Silva Gonzalez
- Academic Department of Chemistry, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - João Victor Nicola
- Environmental Engineering Program, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Campo Mourão, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Karine Mares de Oliveira
- Environmental Engineering Program, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Campo Mourão, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Patricia Aline Bressani
- Graduate Program in Environmental Engineering, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Diego Espirito Santo
- Environmental Engineering Program, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Campo Mourão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Ádila Cristina Krukoski Filipi
- Graduate Program in Environmental Engineering, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Michel Vieira Gomes
- Academic Department of Physics, Statistics and Mathematics, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Juan Carlos Pokrywiecki
- Academic Department of Engineering (DAENG), Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Débora Cristina de Souza
- Academic Department of Biodiversity and Nature Conservation, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Campo Mourão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Peron
- Graduate Program in Environmental Engineering, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil.
- Academic Department of Biodiversity and Nature Conservation, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Campo Mourão, Paraná, Brazil.
- Graduate Program in Technological Innovations, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Campo Mourão, Via Rosalina Maria dos Santos, 1233, Paraná, 87.301-899, Brazil.
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Santo DE, Dusman E, da Silva Gonzalez R, Romero AL, Dos Santos Gonçalves do Nascimento GC, de Souza Moura MA, Bressiani PA, Filipi ÁCK, Gomes EMV, Pokrywiecki JC, da Silva Medeiros FV, de Souza DC, Peron AP. Prospecting toxicity of octocrylene in Allium cepa L. and Eisenia fetida Sav. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:8257-8268. [PMID: 36053420 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22795-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Octocrylene sunscreen is found in different environmental compartments. Unlike aquatic organisms, there are few studies evaluating the adverse effects caused by this pollutant on terrestrial plants, and no studies on soil fauna. In this study, octocrylene was evaluated at concentrations of 10, 100, and 1000 µg/L for phytotoxicity, cytogenotoxicity, and oxidative stress in Allium cepa L., and acute toxicity and oxidative stress in Eisenia fetida Sav. In A. cepa, at concentrations of 100 and 1000 µg/L, octocrylene reduced the germination potential in seeds, inhibited root elongation, and caused disturbance in cell division in roots. In E. fetida, the concentration of 1000 µg/L promoted an avoidance rate of 80%, while 10 µg/L caused a hormesis effect. The concentrations 100 and 1000 µg/L caused lipid peroxidation in A. cepa and E. fetida. Based on the results, the recurrent use of biosolids in soil fertilization, as well as the irrigation of plants with wastewater, with the presence of octocrylene can negatively impact the survival of different species that depend directly or indirectly on the soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Espirito Santo
- Environmental Engineering Course, Federal Technological University of Paraná (UTFPR), Campo Mourão Campus, Campo Mourão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Elisângela Dusman
- PosGraduate Program in Environmental Engineering (PPGEA), Federal Technological University of Paraná (UTFPR), Francisco Beltrão Campus, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Regiane da Silva Gonzalez
- Academic Department of Chemistry (DAQUI), Federal Technological University of Paraná (UTFPR), Campo Mourão Campus, Campo Mourão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Adriano Lopes Romero
- Academic Department of Chemistry (DAQUI), Federal Technological University of Paraná (UTFPR), Campo Mourão Campus, Campo Mourão, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Matheus Augusto de Souza Moura
- Environmental Engineering Course, Federal Technological University of Paraná (UTFPR), Campo Mourão Campus, Campo Mourão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Patricia Aline Bressiani
- PosGraduate Program in Environmental Engineering (PPGEA), Federal Technological University of Paraná (UTFPR), Francisco Beltrão Campus, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Ádila Cristina Krukoski Filipi
- PosGraduate Program in Environmental Engineering (PPGEA), Federal Technological University of Paraná (UTFPR), Francisco Beltrão Campus, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Michel Vieira Gomes
- Academic Department of Physics, Statistics and Mathematics (DAFEM), Federal Technological University of Paraná, Francisco Beltrão Campus, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Juan Carlos Pokrywiecki
- Academic Department of Engineering (DAENG), Federal Technological University of Paraná, Francisco Beltrão Campus, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Flávia Vieira da Silva Medeiros
- Professional Master's in National Network in Management and Regulation of Water Resources (PROFÁGUA), Federal Technological University of Paraná (UTFPR), Campo Mourão Campus, Campo Mourão, Paraná, Brazil
- PosGraduate Program in Technological Innovations (PPGIT), Federal Technological University of Paraná (UTFPR), Campo Mourão Campus, Campo Mourão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Débora Cristina de Souza
- Academic Department of Biodiversity and Nature Conservation (DABIC), Federal Technological University of Paraná (UTFPR), Campo Mourão Campus, Campo Mourão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Peron
- PosGraduate Program in Environmental Engineering (PPGEA), Federal Technological University of Paraná (UTFPR), Francisco Beltrão Campus, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil.
- PosGraduate Program in Technological Innovations (PPGIT), Federal Technological University of Paraná (UTFPR), Campo Mourão Campus, Campo Mourão, Paraná, Brazil.
- Academic Department of Biodiversity and Nature Conservation (DABIC), Federal Technological University of Paraná (UTFPR), Campo Mourão Campus, Campo Mourão, Paraná, Brazil.
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Schutz DL, de Marco IG, Alves GL, Vincoski JVA, Ishikawa S, de Oliveira Schmitz AP, Gomes EMV, Manosso FC, Tonial IB, Pokrywiecki JC, Lingnau R, Pokrywieki TS, Düsman E. Biomonitoring of surface water quality in the Chopim River within the Conservation Unit Campos de Palmas Wildlife Refuge, southern Brazil. Environ Monit Assess 2021; 193:738. [PMID: 34669048 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-021-09464-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The Campos de Palmas Wildlife Refuge (RVS-CP) is a full protection conservation unit (CU) formed by private properties. The present study aimed to use the bioindicators Allium cepa L. (cytotoxicity and mutagenicity tests) and Eisenia fetida (avoidance test) to assess the quality of surface water of the Chopim River within the RVS-CP area and its surroundings during the four seasons of the year. To do so, water samples were collected at five points, four inside the RVS-CP area and a fifth point outside thereof. Samples from all sampling points had cytotoxic effect on A. cepa in at least one season of the year. Such a finding may be related to inadequate management practices (without land-use control) in the areas surrounding the sampling points such as forestry, native fields, pastures, agriculture, and housing areas. As for the animal bioindicator (E. fetida), only points 1 (in the winter) and 5 (in the autumn) were toxic. Concerning mutagenicity, points 1 and 4 (in the spring), 1 and 2 (in the summer), and 3 (in the autumn) showed mutagenic effect on A. cepa meristematic cells, therefore only within the RVS-CP area. Overall, these results show that biomonitoring can be an ally of the residents of the RVS-CP area in controlling management practices, aiming to bring together economic support and conservation of resources, especially water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiana Lauxen Schutz
- Master in Environmental Engineering: Environmental Analysis and Technology (PPGEA), Universidade Tecnológica Federal Do Paraná (UTFPR), Francisco Beltrão, Câmpus Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Inara Giacobbo de Marco
- Scholar in Chemical Engineering, Universidade Tecnológica Federal Do Paraná (UTFPR), Francisco Beltrão, Câmpus Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Geiciane Locatelli Alves
- Scholar in Chemical Engineering, Universidade Tecnológica Federal Do Paraná (UTFPR), Francisco Beltrão, Câmpus Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - José Vitor Abilhõa Vincoski
- Scholar in Chemical Engineering, Universidade Tecnológica Federal Do Paraná (UTFPR), Francisco Beltrão, Câmpus Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Sabrina Ishikawa
- Scholar in Chemical Engineering, Universidade Tecnológica Federal Do Paraná (UTFPR), Francisco Beltrão, Câmpus Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula de Oliveira Schmitz
- Department of Engineering, Universidade Tecnológica Federal Do Paraná (UTFPR), Francisco Beltrão, Câmpus Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Michel Vieira Gomes
- Department of Physics, Statistics and Mathematics, Universidade Tecnológica Federal Do Paraná (UTFPR), Francisco Beltrao, PR, Brazil
| | - Fernando Cesar Manosso
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Universidade Tecnológica Federal Do Paraná (UTFPR), Francisco Beltrão, Câmpus Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Ivane Benedetti Tonial
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Universidade Tecnológica Federal Do Paraná (UTFPR), Francisco Beltrão, Câmpus Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Juan Carlos Pokrywiecki
- Department of Engineering, Universidade Tecnológica Federal Do Paraná (UTFPR), Francisco Beltrão, Câmpus Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Lingnau
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Universidade Tecnológica Federal Do Paraná (UTFPR), Francisco Beltrão, Câmpus Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Ticiane Sauer Pokrywieki
- Department of Engineering, Universidade Tecnológica Federal Do Paraná (UTFPR), Francisco Beltrão, Câmpus Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Elisângela Düsman
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Universidade Tecnológica Federal Do Paraná (UTFPR), Francisco Beltrão, Câmpus Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil.
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Fieira C, Batistella EP, Vincoski JVA, Rosa MPS, Pokrywiecki JC, Gomes EMV, de Oliveira AP, Sauer Pokrywiecki T, Düsman E. Treatment of effluent containing thiamethoxam and efficiency evaluation of toxicity reduction. Environ Technol 2021; 42:2489-2503. [PMID: 31825722 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2019.1703827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The treatment of seeds using pesticides is a widely employed technique that generates effluents with high contamination potential. In the present study, our objective was to characterize and evaluate the toxicity of washing wastewater from corn seed treaters that contained the pesticide thiamethoxam. Effluents were treated by adsorption using several adsorbent materials, namely activated vegetable carbon, corn straw, and soybean hulls, different pH, and distinct mass concentrations for each material. The activated carbon promoted a greater reduction in the chemical oxygen demand (COD). In the coagulation-flocculation treatment, with ferric chloride (FeCl3) and poly-aluminum chloride (PAC), and using factorial planning with the concentration of FeCl3 and the sedimentation time as independent variables, the best COD removal occurred with 850 mg L-1 FeCl3 and 120 min sedimentation. The treatments C (coagulation), CACA (coagulation followed by adsorption with activated vegetable carbon), and CACS (coagulation followed by adsorption with corn straw) presented the most efficacious physicochemical parameter changes. The CACA treatment showed the best result for removing thiamethoxam. Nevertheless, raw and treated effluents showed high toxicity to the bioindicators Artemia salina L. (immobility/mortality test), Eisenia fetida (avoidance test), and Allium cepa L. (cytotoxicity test). The effluents also produced a mutagenic effect for A. cepa, due to the presence of chromosomal changes. The results demonstrated the risk that this effluent can cause to the environment. These data highlight the need to investigate new technologies to reduce the physicochemical parameters, the agrochemical levels, and, in particular, the final effluent toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarice Fieira
- Postgraduate in Environmental Engineering: Environmental Analysis and Technology, Federal Technological University of Paraná - UTFPR, Francisco Beltrão, Brasil
| | - Eduardo Pavan Batistella
- Academic of Chemistry Engineering, Federal Technological University of Paraná - UTFPR, Francisco Beltrão, Brazil
| | - Jose Vitor Abilhoa Vincoski
- Academic of Chemistry Engineering, Federal Technological University of Paraná - UTFPR, Francisco Beltrão, Brazil
| | - Marcos Paulo Scaglia Rosa
- Academic of Chemistry Engineering, Federal Technological University of Paraná - UTFPR, Francisco Beltrão, Brazil
| | - Juan Carlos Pokrywiecki
- Academic Department of Chemistry Engineering, Federal Technological University of Paraná - UTFPR, Francisco Beltrão, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Michel Vieira Gomes
- Academic Department of Physics, Statistics and Mathematics, Federal Technological University of Paraná - UTFPR, Francisco Beltrão, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula de Oliveira
- Academic Department of Chemistry Engineering, Federal Technological University of Paraná - UTFPR, Francisco Beltrão, Brazil
| | - Ticiane Sauer Pokrywiecki
- Academic Department of Environmental Engineering, Federal Technological University of Paraná - UTFPR, Francisco Beltrão, Brazil
| | - Elisângela Düsman
- Academic Department of Chemistry and Biology, Federal Technological University of Paraná - UTFPR, Francisco Beltrão, Brazil
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Dos Santos FI, Mizobata AA, Suyama GA, Cenci GB, Follador FAC, Arruda G, Hellmann L, Gomes EMV, de Oliveira Schmitz AP, Pokrywiecki JC, Lingnau R, Manosso FC, Pokrywiecki TS, Düsman E. Cytotoxicity and mutagenicity of the waters of the Marrecas River (Paraná, Brazil) to bullfrogs (Lithobates catesbeianus). Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:21742-21753. [PMID: 33410086 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-12026-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Animals have a long history of assessing ecosystem responses to environmental disturbances, and amphibians stand out for presenting themselves as good animal model and bioindicators of environmental quality. The main purpose of the present work was to investigate the cellular effects of contamination of waters of the Marrecas River, located in the southwest of the state of Paraná, Brazil. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to investigate and monitor the cytotoxic and mutagenic effect, with bullfrog tadpoles, and to discuss these effects with land use along this hydrographic basin. Mutagenic effects were determined by micronucleus assay, and cytotoxicity by other nuclear changes, such as segmented cells, binucleated cells, cells with buds and reniform cells. Water samples were obtained at nine sites along the Marrecas River, covering areas with rural and urban hydrological contribution. For each site, four samples were collected, along the years 2017 and 2018, encompassing the four seasons (summer, autumn, winter, and spring). The results showed mutagenic and cytotoxic effect in four sampling sites, and only cytotoxic effect in other four sites. These effects may be due, possibly, to the use of different agrochemicals across the hydrographic basin region, which have predominant hydrological contributions from crops. Data of this study indicate the presence of cytotoxic and mutagenic contaminants in the waters of the Marrecas River, which can generate environmental problems on the river fauna/flora, and can also affect the local population health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Isabelli Dos Santos
- Academic of Chemical Engineering, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR), Câmpus Francisco Beltrão, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Andressa Akemi Mizobata
- Academic of Chemical Engineering, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR), Câmpus Francisco Beltrão, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Gabrielle Arisa Suyama
- Academic of Chemical Engineering, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR), Câmpus Francisco Beltrão, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Giovana Baptista Cenci
- Academic of Chemical Engineering, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR), Câmpus Francisco Beltrão, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Franciele Ani Caovilla Follador
- Academic Center for Health Sciences, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná (UNIOESTE), Câmpus Francisco Beltrão, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Gisele Arruda
- Academic Center for Health Sciences, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná (UNIOESTE), Câmpus Francisco Beltrão, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Liliane Hellmann
- Academic Department of Physics, Statistics and Mathematics, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR), Francisco Beltrão, PR, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Michel Vieira Gomes
- Academic Department of Physics, Statistics and Mathematics, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR), Francisco Beltrão, PR, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula de Oliveira Schmitz
- Academic Department of Engineering, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR), Câmpus Francisco Beltrão, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Juan Carlos Pokrywiecki
- Academic Department of Engineering, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR), Câmpus Francisco Beltrão, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Lingnau
- Academic Department of Chemistry and Biology, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR), Linha Santa Bárbara s/n, Caixa Postal 165, Francisco Beltrão, PR CEP 85601-970, Brazil
| | - Fernando Cesar Manosso
- Academic Department of Agricultural Sciences, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR), Câmpus Francisco Beltrão, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Ticiane Sauer Pokrywiecki
- Academic Department of Engineering, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR), Câmpus Francisco Beltrão, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Elisângela Düsman
- Academic Department of Chemistry and Biology, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR), Linha Santa Bárbara s/n, Caixa Postal 165, Francisco Beltrão, PR CEP 85601-970, Brazil.
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