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Wasserkrug Naor A, Lindemann DM, Schreeg ME, Marr HS, Birkenheuer AJ, Carpenter JW, Ryseff JK. Clinical, morphological, and molecular characterization of an undetermined Babesia species in a maned wolf (Chrysocyon brachyurus). Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2018; 10:124-126. [PMID: 30245087 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2018.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
A possible novel Babesia species infection of a maned wolf (Chrysocyon brachyurus) was first reported in 2012. The current case details a confirmed report of a maned wolf with infection by an undetermined species of Babesia. As the mortality and morbidity of babesiosis is high, this may become a significant concern to captive maned wolves, which are considered a near-threatened species by the World Association of Zoos and Aquariums. The aim of this study is to report the clinical, morphological and molecular characterization of this Babesia species. A 2.5-year-old, intact female maned wolf was found laterally recumbent with pale mucous membranes and jaundice the morning of presentation. Hematological and serum biochemical data were consistent with babesiosis and showed a regenerative severe anemia, leukocytosis, thrombocytopenia, hyperbilirubinemia, azotemia, increased creatine phosphokinase and increase alanine aminotransferase. On blood film review, inclusion bodies were seen in the red blood cells with cytomorphological features that were most consistent with a small form Babesia species. A blood sample was sent for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing and multi-locus sequence analyses. These findings suggested a unique Babesia species that is most closely related to a Babesia species (Babesia sp. AJB-2006) that has been found to infect raccoons (Procyon lotor) in North America. Although the cytomorphological features of the piroplasms and the clinical presentation were similar in both the current and 2012 case, when comparing the 18S melt curve temperature of the two Babesia isolates, the peak temperature was different. Unfortunately, genetic material from the 2012 case was not available so comparison of multi-locus gene sequences could not be performed, excluding the possibility to definitively state if the Babesia spp. from both cases were distinct from each other. The maned wolf was treated with a whole blood transfusion, dexamethazone (0.28 mg/kg IM), azithromycin (10 mg/kg in NaCl SC), atavaquone (1.5 cc PO), and 2 imidocarb (6.6 mg/kg IM) injections, and clinically improved. These findings demonstrate the need to further characterize the molecular and epidemiological differences of the Babesia species in this case report and the Babesia species known to infect raccoons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adi Wasserkrug Naor
- Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medircine, Kansas State University, 1800 Denison Ave., Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.
| | - Dana M Lindemann
- Department of Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, 1800 Denison Ave., Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Megan E Schreeg
- Vector Borne Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| | - Henry S Marr
- Vector Borne Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| | - Adam J Birkenheuer
- Vector Borne Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA.
| | - James W Carpenter
- Department of Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, 1800 Denison Ave., Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.
| | - Julia K Ryseff
- Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medircine, Kansas State University, 1800 Denison Ave., Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.
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Lindemann DM, Carpenter JW, DeBey BM, Ryseff JK. Concurrent Adrenocortical Carcinoma and Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Hemosiderosis in a Sugar Glider (Petaurus breviceps). J Exot Pet Med 2016. [DOI: 10.1053/j.jepm.2016.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia K. Ryseff
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology; Colorado State University; Fort Collins CO USA
| | - Colleen Duncan
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology; Colorado State University; Fort Collins CO USA
| | | | - Paul R. Avery
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology; Colorado State University; Fort Collins CO USA
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Ryseff JK, Olver CS. What is your diagnosis? Ventral neck mass in a cat. Vet Clin Pathol 2012; 41:603-4. [PMID: 23130879 DOI: 10.1111/vcp.12001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julia K Ryseff
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia K Ryseff
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
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Ryseff JK, Bohn AA. Detection of alkaline phosphatase in canine cells previously stained with Wright-Giemsa and its utility in differentiating osteosarcoma from other mesenchymal tumors. Vet Clin Pathol 2012; 41:391-5. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-165x.2012.00445.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julia K. Ryseff
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences; Colorado State University; Fort Collins; CO; USA
| | - Andrea A. Bohn
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences; Colorado State University; Fort Collins; CO; USA
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