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Wang S, Zheng W, Wang R, Zhang L, Yang L, Wang T, Saliba JG, Chandra S, Li CZ, Lyon CJ, Hu TY. Monocrystalline Labeling Enables Stable Plasmonic Enhancement for Isolation-Free Extracellular Vesicle Analysis. Small 2023; 19:e2204298. [PMID: 36354195 PMCID: PMC9839537 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202204298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Sensitive detection of extracellular vesicles (EVs) as emerging biomarkers has shown great promises for disease diagnosis. Plasmonic metal nanostructures conjugated with molecules that bind specific biomarker targets are widely used for EVs sensing but involve tradeoffs between particle-size-dependent signal intensity and conjugation efficiency. One solution to this problem would be to induce nucleation on nanoparticles that have successfully bound a target biomarker to permit in situ nanoparticle growth for signal amplification, but approaches that are evaluated to date require harsh conditions or lack nucleation specificity, prohibiting their effective use with most biological specimens. This study describes a one-step in situ strategy to induce monocrystalline copper shell growth on gold nanorod probes without decreasing signal by disrupting probe-target interactions or lipid bilayer integrity to enable EV biomarker detections. This approach increases the detected nanoparticle signal about two orders of magnitude after a 10 min copper nanoshell growth reaction. This has significant implications for improved disease detection, as indicated by the ability of a novel immunoassay using this approach to detect low abundance EVs carrying a pathogen-derived biomarker, after their direct capture from serum, to facilitate the diagnosis of tuberculosis cases in a diagnostically challenging pediatric cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Wang
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Diagnostics, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Ave, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Ave, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Wenshu Zheng
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Diagnostics, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Ave, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Ave, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Ruixuan Wang
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Diagnostics, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Ave, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Ave, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Lili Zhang
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Diagnostics, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Ave, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Ave, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Li Yang
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Diagnostics, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Ave, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Ave, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Tao Wang
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Diagnostics, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Ave, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Ave, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Julian G Saliba
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Diagnostics, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Ave, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University School of Science & Engineering, 6823 St. Charles Ave, New Orleans, LA, 70118, USA
| | - Sutapa Chandra
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Diagnostics, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Ave, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Ave, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Chen-Zhong Li
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Diagnostics, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Ave, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Ave, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Christopher J Lyon
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Diagnostics, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Ave, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Ave, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Tony Y Hu
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Diagnostics, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Ave, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Ave, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
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Zheng W, Saliba JG, Wei X, Shu Q, Pierson LM, Mao L, Liu C, Lyon CJ, Li CZ, Wimley WC, Hu TY. Nanopore-based disease diagnosis using pathogen-derived tryptic peptides from serum. Nano Today 2022; 45:101515. [PMID: 37034182 PMCID: PMC10081497 DOI: 10.1016/j.nantod.2022.101515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Nanopore sensors have shown great utility in nucleic acid detection and sequencing approaches. Recent studies also indicate that current signatures produced by peptide-nanopore interactions can distinguish high purity peptide mixtures, but the utility of nanopore sensors in clinical applications still needs to be explored due to the inherent complexity of clinical specimens. To fill this gap between research and clinical nanopore applications, we describe a methodology to select peptide biomarkers suitable for use in an immunoprecipitation-coupled nanopore (IP-NP) assay, based on their pathogen specificity, antigenicity, charge, water solubility and ability to produce a characteristic nanopore interaction signature. Using tuberculosis as a proof-of-principle example in a disease that can be challenging to diagnose, we demonstrate that a peptide identified by this approach produced high-affinity antibodies and yielded a characteristic peptide signature that was detectable over a broad linear range, to detect and quantify a pathogen-derived peptide from digested human serum samples with high sensitivity and specificity. This nanopore signal distinguished serum from a TB case, non-disease controls, and from a TB-case after extended anti-TB treatment. We believe this assay approach should be readily adaptable to other infectious and chronic diseases that can be diagnosed by peptide biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenshu Zheng
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Diagnostics, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Julian G. Saliba
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Diagnostics, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University School of Science & Engineering, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Xiaojun Wei
- Biomedical Engineering Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Qingbo Shu
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Diagnostics, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Lane M. Pierson
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Diagnostics, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Liyan Mao
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Diagnostics, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Chang Liu
- Biomedical Engineering Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Christopher J. Lyon
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Diagnostics, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Chen-Zhong Li
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Diagnostics, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - William C. Wimley
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Tony Ye Hu
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Diagnostics, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
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