1
|
de Oliveira Fernandes D, César FG, Melo BP, Brandão JDSF, Dos Santos KJ, de Andrade MT, da Fonseca Casteluber MC, de Carvalho MV, de Barcellos LAM, Soares DD, Bohnen Guimarães J. Chronic supplementation of noni in diabetic type 1-STZ rats: effects on glycemic levels, kidney toxicity and exercise performance. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2023; 15:191. [PMID: 37794521 PMCID: PMC10548663 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-023-01171-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Noni is a fruit with potential medicinal use preventing elevated blood glucose levels in diabetes mellitus. Its effects have been attributed to an antioxidant property in several other diseases. However, the effects of noni-chronic supplementation on exercise performance in the presence of diabetes conditions are not known. Thirty-two male Wistar rats were used to verify the effects of chronic noni (Morinda citrifolia L) juice administration on glycemia, triglyceride levels, and its relation to physical performance. In addition, it was verified if chronic noni supplementation is safe for clinical use through kidney morphology analysis. In half of the rats, diabetes mellitus (DM) was induced with STZ. All rats were submitted to an incremental workload running test (IWT) until fatigued so that oxygen consumption and performance indexes (exercise time to fatigue and workload) could be analyzed before noni administration. Then, the control and DM groups received a placebo (saline solution) or noni juice (dilution 2:1) at a dose of 2 mL/kg once a day for 60 days. The result was four groups: control + placebo (CP), control + noni (CN), DM + placebo (DMP), and DM + noni (DMN). Our dose was based on in previous study by Nayak et al. (2011) that observed a significant reduction in glycemia with 2 ml/kg of the noni juice without any toxicity effect cited. Groups were then given a third IWT to verify the effect of the noni juice on exercise performance (exercise time to fatigue, workload, maximal oxygen consumption) and glycemia. Twenty-four hours after the third test, all animals were euthanized and blood and kidneys were removed for posterior analysis. The DM induction with STZ impaired the performance by 39%. Noni administration improved the time to fatigue and workload in DM rats beyond reducing hyperglycemia. These results could be associated with an improved energy efficiency promoted by noni ingestion, since the oxygen consumption was not different between the groups, although the exercise was longer in animals with noni ingestion. Our results provided evidence that chronic noni administration causes kidney damage since increased Bowman's space area in the control rats, suggesting glomerular hyperfiltration at the same magnitude as the non-treated DM group.In conclusion, chronic noni ingestion promoted glycemic control and improved the performance in DM rats but caused kidney toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bruno Pereira Melo
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | - Marcelo Teixeira de Andrade
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Moisés Vieira de Carvalho
- State University of Minas Gerais - Ibirité Unit, Ibirité, Brazil
- Department of Science of Human Movement, State University of Minas Gerais - Ibirité Unit, Av. São Paulo, 3996, Vila do Rosário, Ibirité, 32400-000, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Luiz Alexandre Medrado de Barcellos
- State University of Minas Gerais - Ibirité Unit, Ibirité, Brazil
- Department of Science of Human Movement, State University of Minas Gerais - Ibirité Unit, Av. São Paulo, 3996, Vila do Rosário, Ibirité, 32400-000, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Danusa Dias Soares
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Juliana Bohnen Guimarães
- State University of Minas Gerais - Ibirité Unit, Ibirité, Brazil.
- Department of Science of Human Movement, State University of Minas Gerais - Ibirité Unit, Av. São Paulo, 3996, Vila do Rosário, Ibirité, 32400-000, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
de Barcellos LAM, Gonçalves WA, Esteves de Oliveira MP, Guimarães JB, Queiroz-Junior CM, de Resende CB, Russo RC, Coimbra CC, Silva AN, Teixeira MM, Rezende BM, Pinho V. Effect of Physical Training on Exercise-Induced Inflammation and Performance in Mice. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:625680. [PMID: 33614655 PMCID: PMC7891665 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.625680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute exercise increases the amount of circulating inflammatory cells and cytokines to maintain physiological homeostasis. However, it remains unclear how physical training regulates exercise-induced inflammation and performance. Here, we demonstrate that acute high intensity exercise promotes an inflammatory profile characterized by increased blood IL-6 levels, neutrophil migratory capacity, and leukocyte recruitment to skeletal muscle vessels. Moreover, we found that physical training amplified leukocyte-endothelial cell interaction induced by acute exercise in skeletal muscle vessels and diminished exercise-induced inflammation in skeletal muscle tissue. Furthermore, we verified that disruption of the gp-91 subunit of NADPH-oxidase inhibited exercise-induced leukocyte recruitment on skeletal muscle after training with enhanced exercise time until fatigue. In conclusion, the training was related to physical improvement and immune adaptations. Moreover, reactive oxygen species (ROS) could be related to mechanisms to limit aerobic performance and its absence decreases the inflammatory response elicited by exercise after training.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - William Antonio Gonçalves
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Marcos Paulo Esteves de Oliveira
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Juliana Bohnen Guimarães
- Departamento de Ciências do Movimento Humano, Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais (UEMG) - Unidade Ibirité, Ibirité, Brazil
| | - Celso Martins Queiroz-Junior
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Remo Castro Russo
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Cândido Celso Coimbra
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Albená Nunes Silva
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Imunologia do Exercício, Departamento de Educação Física, Escola de Educação Física da Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
| | - Mauro Martins Teixeira
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Barbara Maximino Rezende
- Departamento de Enfermagem Básica, Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Pinho
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Carvalho MVD, Guimarães JB, Bicalho CCF, Machado FSM, Lopes BB, Coimbra CC. Women amateur street runners have a higher level of chronotype self- perception than men. Motriz: rev educ fis 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/s1980-65742021003621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
|
4
|
Carvalho MVD, Guimarães JB, Bicalho CCF, Silva TCDD, Brito AHDPD, Machado FSM, Coimbra CC. A escolha do periódico científico sob a perspectiva financeira: análise do estrato A1 na área 21. Rev Bras Ciênc Esporte 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/rbce.42.2019.217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
RESUMO O objetivo do estudo foi classificar as revistas A1, área 21, de acordo com as taxas envolvidas no processo de publicação. Os periódicos foram selecionados a partir da área Educação Física, quadriênio 2013-2016. A busca foi realizada em Abril de 2019. As informações referentes ao custeio incluíram taxas de submissão, processamento e/ou tramitação, publicação e cobranças adicionais. As despesas com o acesso aberto também foram atribuídas aos autores. Os periódicos foram classificados dos mais baratos para os mais caros. Em caso de igualdade nos valores cobrados, utilizou-se o fator de impacto como critério de desempate, seguindo a ordem decrescente para esse índice. Dos 235 periódicos, somente 8 apresentaram gratuidade no processo. Considerando o cenário de financiamentos limitados para pesquisa tais achados poderiam impactar na produtividade científica nacional.
Collapse
|
5
|
Borba DDA, Ferreira-Júnior JB, Brant VM, Guimarães JB, Vieira CA. QUAL A CONTRIBUIÇÃO DAS CARACTERÍSTICAS ANTROPOMÉTRICAS NA VELOCIDADE DE CORRIDA DE CURTA DISTÂNCIA? RPP 2016. [DOI: 10.5216/rpp.v19i2.40690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
O estudo buscou avaliar os efeitos das características antropométricas na velocidade de corrida. Foram avaliados a estatura, massa corporal (MC), índice de massa corporal (IMC), dobra cutânea panturrilha (DCpa), comprimento da tíbia (Ctíbia) e velocidade da corrida (50m) de 235 estudantes. A análise de regressão múltipla explicou 62% do desempenho na corrida (p<0,05). A análise de regressão linear simples mostrou que a DCpa correspondeu a 45%, estatura 33%, Ctíbia 24% e MC 3%, do desempenho na corrida (p<0,05). A análise de cluster mostrou que o grupo de baixa velocidade apresentava maior MC, IMC e DCpa (p<0,05), e o grupo de alta velocidade apresentava maior estatura, Ctíbia e menor DCpa (p<0,05). Conclui-se que as medidas antropométricas podem predizer o desempenho da corrida.
Collapse
|
6
|
Wanner SP, Leite LHR, Guimarães JB, Coimbra CC. Increased brain L-arginine availability facilitates cutaneous heat loss induced by running exercise. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2016; 42:609-16. [PMID: 25881674 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.12407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Revised: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The effects of increased brain availability of L-arginine (L-arg), a precursor for nitric oxide synthesis, on core body temperature (Tcore ) and cutaneous heat loss were evaluated in running rats. One week prior to the experiments, adult male Wistar rats received the following implants: a chronic guide cannula in the lateral cerebral ventricle and a temperature sensor in the abdominal cavity. On the day of the experiments, the rats were assigned to receive a 2-μL intracerebroventricular injection of either NaCl (0.15 mol/L) or L-arg solution (0.825, 1.65 or 3.30 mol/L); Tcore and tail skin temperature were measured while the rats ran at a speed of 18 m/min until they were fatigued. L-arginine induced a dose-dependent reduction in the threshold Tcore required for cutaneous heat loss (38.09 ± 0.20°C for 3.30-mol/L L-arg vs 38.61 ± 0.10°C for saline; P < 0.05), which attenuated the exercise-induced hyperthermia. Although the rats treated with L-arg presented a lower Tcore at the end of exercise (~0.7°C lower after treatment with the highest dose), no changes in the time to fatigue were observed relative to the control trial. These results suggest that brain L-arg controls heat loss during exercise, most likely by modulating the sympathetic vasoconstrictor tonus to skin vessels. Furthermore, despite facilitating cutaneous heat loss mechanisms, increased brain L-arg availability did not enhance physical performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Penna Wanner
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Laura Hora Rios Leite
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Department of Physiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Juliana Bohnen Guimarães
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,State University of Minas Gerais, Ibirité, Brazil
| | - Cândido Celso Coimbra
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wanner SP, Prímola-Gomes TN, Pires W, Guimarães JB, Hudson ASR, Kunstetter AC, Fonseca CG, Drummond LR, Damasceno WC, Teixeira-Coelho F. Thermoregulatory responses in exercising rats: methodological aspects and relevance to human physiology. Temperature (Austin) 2015; 2:457-75. [PMID: 27227066 PMCID: PMC4844073 DOI: 10.1080/23328940.2015.1119615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Revised: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Rats are used worldwide in experiments that aim to investigate the physiological responses induced by a physical exercise session. Changes in body temperature regulation, which may affect both the performance and the health of exercising rats, are evident among these physiological responses. Despite the universal use of rats in biomedical research involving exercise, investigators often overlook important methodological issues that hamper the accurate measurement of clear thermoregulatory responses. Moreover, much debate exists regarding whether the outcome of rat experiments can be extrapolated to human physiology, including thermal physiology. Herein, we described the impact of different exercise intensities, durations and protocols and environmental conditions on running-induced thermoregulatory changes. We focused on treadmill running because this type of exercise allows for precise control of the exercise intensity and the measurement of autonomic thermoeffectors associated with heat production and loss. Some methodological issues regarding rat experiments, such as the sites for body temperature measurements and the time of day at which experiments are performed, were also discussed. In addition, we analyzed the influence of a high body surface area-to-mass ratio and limited evaporative cooling on the exercise-induced thermoregulatory responses of running rats and then compared these responses in rats to those observed in humans. Collectively, the data presented in this review represent a reference source for investigators interested in studying exercise thermoregulation in rats. In addition, the present data indicate that the thermoregulatory responses of exercising rats can be extrapolated, with some important limitations, to human thermal physiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Penna Wanner
- Laboratório de Fisiologia do Exercício; Departamento de Educação Física; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais ; Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil
| | - Thales Nicolau Prímola-Gomes
- Laboratório de Biologia do Exercício; Departamento de Educação Física; Universidade Federal de Viçosa ; Viçosa (MG), Brazil
| | - Washington Pires
- Laboratório de Fisiologia do Exercício; Departamento de Educação Física; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais ; Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil
| | - Juliana Bohnen Guimarães
- Laboratório de Fisiologia do Exercício; Universidade Estadual de Minas Gerais ; Ibirité (MG), Brazil
| | - Alexandre Sérvulo Ribeiro Hudson
- Laboratório de Fisiologia do Exercício; Departamento de Educação Física; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais ; Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil
| | - Ana Cançado Kunstetter
- Laboratório de Fisiologia do Exercício; Departamento de Educação Física; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais ; Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil
| | - Cletiana Gonçalves Fonseca
- Laboratório de Fisiologia do Exercício; Departamento de Educação Física; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais ; Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil
| | - Lucas Rios Drummond
- Laboratório de Biologia do Exercício; Departamento de Educação Física; Universidade Federal de Viçosa ; Viçosa (MG), Brazil
| | - William Coutinho Damasceno
- Laboratório de Fisiologia do Exercício; Departamento de Educação Física; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais ; Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil
| | - Francisco Teixeira-Coelho
- Laboratório de Fisiologia do Exercício; Departamento de Educação Física; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil; Centro de Formação de Professores; Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia; Amargosa (BA), Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Fonseca CG, Pires W, Lima MRM, Guimarães JB, Lima NRV, Wanner SP. Hypothalamic temperature of rats subjected to treadmill running in a cold environment. PLoS One 2014; 9:e111501. [PMID: 25365556 PMCID: PMC4218756 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 09/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Different strategies for cooling the body prior to or during physical exercise have been shown to improve prolonged performance. Because of ethical and methodological issues, no studies conducted in humans have evaluated the changes in brain temperature promoted by cooling strategies. Therefore, our first aim sought to measure the hypothalamic temperature (Thyp) of rats subjected to treadmill running in a cold environment. Moreover, evidence suggests that Thyp and abdominal temperature (Tabd) are regulated by different physiological mechanisms. Thus, this study also investigated the dynamics of exercise-induced changes in Thyp and Tabd at two ambient temperatures: 25°C (temperate environment) and 12°C (cold). Adult male Wistar rats were used in these experiments. The rats were implanted with a guide cannula in the hypothalamus and a temperature sensor in the abdominal cavity. After recovery from this surgery, the rats were familiarized with running on a treadmill and were then subjected to the two experimental trials: constant-speed running (20 m/min) at 12°C and 25°C. Both Thyp and Tabd increased during exercise at 25°C. In contrast, Thyp and Tabd remained unchanged during fatiguing exercise at 12°C. The temperature differential (i.e., Thyp - Tabd) increased during the initial min of running at 25°C and thereafter decreased toward pre-exercise values. Interestingly, external cooling prevented this early increase in the temperature differential from the 2nd to the 8th min of running. In addition, the time until volitional fatigue was higher during the constant exercise at 12°C compared with 25°C. Together, our results indicate that Thyp and Tabd are regulated by different mechanisms in running rats and that external cooling affected the relationship between both temperature indexes observed during exercise without environmental thermal stress. Our data also suggest that attenuated hypothalamic hyperthermia may contribute to improved performance in cold environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cletiana Gonçalves Fonseca
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil
| | - Washington Pires
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil
| | - Milene Rodrigues Malheiros Lima
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil
| | - Juliana Bohnen Guimarães
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil
- Instituto Superior de Educação Anísio Teixeira, Universidade Estadual de Minas Gerais, Ibirité (MG), Brazil
| | - Nilo Resende Viana Lima
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil
| | - Samuel Penna Wanner
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Carvalho de Lima D, Guimarães JB, Rodovalho GV, Silveira SA, Haibara AS, Coimbra CC. Exercise training starting at weaning age preserves cardiac pacemaker function in adulthood of diet-induced obese rats. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2014; 39:888-94. [PMID: 24806307 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2013-0529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Peripheral sympathetic overdrive in young obese subjects contributes to further aggravation of insulin resistance, diabetes, and hypertension, thus inducing worsening clinical conditions in adulthood. Exercise training has been considered a strategy to repair obesity autonomic dysfunction, thereby reducing the cardiometabolic risk. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the effect of early exercise training, starting immediately after weaning, on cardiac autonomic control in diet-induced obese rats. Male Wistar rats (weaning) were divided into four groups: (i) a control group (n = 6); (ii) an exercise-trained control group (n = 6); (iii) a diet-induced obesity group (n = 6); and (iv) an exercise-trained diet-induced obesity group (n = 6). The development of obesity was induced by 9 weeks of palatable diet intake, and the training program was implemented in a motor-driven treadmill (5 times per week) during the same period. After this period, animals were submitted to vein and artery catheter implantation to assess cardiac autonomic balance by methylatropine (3 mg/kg) and propranolol (4 mg/kg) administration. Exercise training increased running performance in both groups (p < 0.05). Exercise training also prevented the increased resting heart rate in obese rats, which seemed to be related to cardiac pacemaker activity preservation (p < 0.05). Additionally, the training program preserved the pressure and bradycardia responses to autonomic blockade in obese rats (p < 0.05). An exercise program beginning at weaning age prevents cardiovascular dysfunction in obese rats, indicating that exercise training may be used as a nonpharmacological therapeutic strategy for the treatment of cardiometabolic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Carvalho de Lima
- a Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences; Federal University of Minas Gerais, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Andrade JMO, Frade ACM, Guimarães JB, Freitas KM, Lopes MTP, Guimarães ALS, de Paula AMB, Coimbra CC, Santos SHS. Resveratrol increases brown adipose tissue thermogenesis markers by increasing SIRT1 and energy expenditure and decreasing fat accumulation in adipose tissue of mice fed a standard diet. Eur J Nutr 2014; 53:1503-10. [DOI: 10.1007/s00394-014-0655-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2013] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
11
|
de Queiroz KB, Rodovalho GV, Guimarães JB, de Lima DC, Coimbra CC, Evangelista EA, Guerra-Sá R. Endurance training blocks uncoupling protein 1 up-regulation in brown adipose tissue while increasing uncoupling protein 3 in the muscle tissue of rats fed with a high-sugar diet. Nutr Res 2012; 32:709-17. [PMID: 23084644 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2012.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2012] [Revised: 06/16/2012] [Accepted: 06/29/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The mitochondrial uncoupling proteins (UCPs) of interscapular brown adipose tissue (iBAT) and of muscles play important roles in energy balance. For instance, the expression of UCP1 and UCP3 are modulated by free fatty acid gradients induced by high-sugar diets and acute exercise that is dependent on sympathetic stimulation. However, the effects of endurance training in animals fed with high-sugar diets are unknown. This study aims to evaluate the long-term effects of diet and exercise on UCP1 and UCP3 levels and energy balance efficiency. Rats fed with standard or high-sugar (HSD) diets were simultaneously subjected to running training over an 8-week period. After the training period, the rats were decapitated, and the iBAT and gastrocnemius muscle tissues were removed for evaluation of the β₃-receptor, Ucp1, and Ucp3 mRNA and protein expression, which were analyzed by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and Western blot, respectively. Groups fed with an HSD displayed a higher adiposity index and iBAT weight (P < .05), whereas exhibited an up-regulation of Ucp1 mRNA and protein levels (P < .05). Training increased β₃-receptor mRNA in iBAT and reduced the Ucp3 mRNA in muscle tissues. In association with an HSD, training restored the increasing β₃-receptor mRNA and greatly up-regulated the levels of Ucp3 mRNA. Therefore, training blocked the HSD-induced up-regulation of UCP1 expression in iBAT, whereas it up-regulated the expression of Ucp3 mRNA in muscle. These results suggest that training enhances the relationship between Ucp1/Ucp3 mRNA levels, which could result in higher energy efficiency, but not when HSD-induced elevated sympathetic activity is maintained.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karina Barbosa de Queiroz
- Departmento de Ciências Biológicas-NUPEB, Laboratório de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, ICEB-Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Cordeiro LMS, Guimarães JB, Wanner SP, La Guardia RB, Miranda RM, Marubayashi U, Soares DD. Inhibition of tryptophan hydroxylase abolishes fatigue induced by central tryptophan in exercising rats. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2012; 24:80-8. [PMID: 22540893 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0838.2012.01464.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Fatigue during prolonged exercise is related to brain monoamines concentrations, but the mechanisms underlying this relationship have not been fully elucidated. We investigated the effects of increased central tryptophan (TRP) availability on physical performance and thermoregulation in running rats that were pretreated with parachlorophenylalanine (p-CPA), an inhibitor of the conversion of TRP to serotonin. On the 3 days before the experiment, adult male Wistar rats were treated with intraperitoneal (ip) injections of saline or p-CPA. On the day of the experiment, animals received intracerebroventricular (icv) injections of either saline or TRP (20.3 μM) and underwent a submaximal exercise test until fatigue. Icv TRP-treated rats that received ip saline presented higher heat storage rate and a 69% reduction in time to fatigue compared with the control animals. Pretreatment with ip p-CPA blocked the effects of TRP on thermoregulation and performance. Moreover, ip p-CPA administration accelerated cutaneous heat dissipation when compared with saline-pretreated rats. We conclude that an elevated availability of central TRP interferes with fatigue mechanisms of exercising rats. This response is modulated by serotonergic pathways, because TRP effects were blocked in the presence of p-CPA. Our data also support that a depletion of brain serotonin facilitates heat loss mechanisms during exercise.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L M S Cordeiro
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Physical Education, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Cordeiro LM, Paulinelli-Jr RT, Guimarães JB, La Guardia RB, Waner SP, Botion LM, Marubayashi U, Soares DD. Central Trp-hydroxilase Inhibition Abolish Tryptophan-induced Fatigue In Exercise Rats Modulating Thermoregulatory Mechanism. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2010. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000389363.44741.b9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
14
|
Guimarães JB, Wanner SP, Coimbra CC. Integrity of paraventricular nucleus is critical for thermoregulation adjustments during exercise. FASEB J 2010. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.24.1_supplement.991.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Samuel Penna Wanner
- Dept. of Physiology & BiophysicsFederal University of Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteBrazil
| | - Cândido Celso Coimbra
- Dept. of Physiology & BiophysicsFederal University of Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteBrazil
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wanner SP, Guimarães JB, Pires W, La Guardia RB, Haibara AS, Marubayashi U, Coimbra CC, Lima NRV. Physical exercise-induced cardiovascular adjustments are modulated by muscarinic cholinoceptors within the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus. Physiol Res 2009; 59:165-175. [PMID: 19537936 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.931649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of blocking ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (VMH) muscarinic cholinoceptors on cardiovascular responses were investigated in running rats. Animals were anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium and fitted with bilateral cannulae into the VMH. After recovering from surgery, the rats were familiarized to running on a treadmill. The animals then had a polyethylene catheter implanted into the left carotid artery to measure blood pressure. Tail skin temperature (T(tail)), heart rate, and systolic, diastolic and mean arterial pressure were measured after bilateral injections of 0.2 microl of 5 x 10(-9) mol methylatropine or 0.15 M NaCl solution into the hypothalamus. Cholinergic blockade of the VMH reduced time to fatigue by 31 % and modified the temporal profile of cardiovascular and T(tail) adjustments without altering their maximal responses. Mean arterial pressure peak was achieved earlier in methylatropine-treated rats, which also showed a 2-min delay in induction of tail skin vasodilation, suggesting a higher sympathetic tonus to peripheral vessels. In conclusion, muscarinic cholinoceptors within the VMH are involved in a neuronal pathway that controls exercise-induced cardiovascular adjustments. Furthermore, blocking of cholinergic transmission increases sympathetic outflow during the initial minutes of exercise, and this higher sympathetic activity may be responsible for the decreased performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S P Wanner
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Physical Education, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Guimarães JB, Rezende BA, Lima DC, Rodovalho GV, Patel KP, Lemos VS, Coimbra CC. Exercise training improves heat balance during exercise depending on tail vasodilatation mediated by modification in vascular reactivity. FASEB J 2009. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.23.1_supplement.955.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Bruno A. Rezende
- Department of Physiology & BiophysicsFederal University of Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteBrazil
| | - Daniel C. Lima
- Department of Physiology & BiophysicsFederal University of Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteBrazil
| | - Gisele V. Rodovalho
- Department of Physiology & BiophysicsFederal University of Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteBrazil
| | - Kaushik P. Patel
- Department of Cellular and Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE
| | - Virgínia S. Lemos
- Department of Physiology & BiophysicsFederal University of Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteBrazil
| | - Cândido C. Coimbra
- Department of Physiology & BiophysicsFederal University of Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteBrazil
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Wanner SP, Guimarães JB, Rodrigues LOC, Marubayashi U, Coimbra CC, Lima NRV. Muscarinic cholinoceptors in the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (VMH) facilitate tail heat loss during exercise. FASEB J 2007. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.21.5.a579-d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Umeko Marubayashi
- Department of Physiology and BiophysicsFederal University of Minas GeraisAv. Antônio Carlos, 6627 ‐ PampulhaBelo Horizonte31270 901Brazil
| | - Cândido Celso Coimbra
- Department of Physiology and BiophysicsFederal University of Minas GeraisAv. Antônio Carlos, 6627 ‐ PampulhaBelo Horizonte31270 901Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Maranhão RC, Vinagre CG, Arie S, Guimarães JB, da-Luz P, Bellotti G, Pileggi F. Lipoprotein (a) in subjects with or without coronary artery disease: relation to clinical history and risk factors. Braz J Med Biol Res 1995; 28:439-46. [PMID: 8520541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] is an atherogenic lipoprotein resembling low-density lipoprotein (LDL) but with an additional apoprotein (apo), apo(a). To determine whether plasma Lp(a) levels can influence the clinical presentation and extent of coronary artery disease (CAD), Lp(a), plasma lipids and apolipoproteins were determined in 203 Caucasian subjects with CAD and in 66 subjects without CAD, all confirmed by cinecoronariography. CAD patients were divided into groups according to their clinical history. The extent of the disease was evaluated by a scoring system. Lp(a) was elevated in CAD patients compared to subjects without CAD. However, there was no difference between patients that had myocardial infarction as the first manifestation of the disease and those who had only angina pectoris for at least two years. Plasma Lp(a) levels were correlated with extent of the disease. Among patients with CAD, Lp(a) was higher in females. Lp(a) was also studied separately in 29 Black subjects, 12 without CAD and 17 with CAD. In Black subjects, Lp(a) was higher than in Caucasians but there was no difference between subjects with and without CAD. Among the other risk factors studied, only plasma apo B levels and smoking were correlated with CAD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R C Maranhão
- Instituto do Coração, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Brasil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Maranhäo R, Arie S, Vinagre CG, Guimarães JB, Strunz C, Pileggi F. [Lipoprotein (a) plasma levels in normal subjects and patients with coronary disease confirmed by coronary cineangiography]. Arq Bras Cardiol 1991; 56:121-5. [PMID: 1831344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the plasma concentration of lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a) in subjects with normal or altered coronary angiography, as a risk factor of atherosclerosis in a Brazilian population. PATIENTS AND METHOD Lp(a) plasma levels were determined by radioimmunoassay in 31 subjects with normal angiography and in 131 subjects with atherosclerosis. Plasma cholesterol, triglycerides, apolipoprotein A, A1 and B were also determined as well as risk factors like systemic arterial hypertension, smoking habit, diabetes and physical activity. RESULTS Subjects with coronary disease had Lp(a) plasma levels of 41.9 mg/dl, compared to 23.9 mg/dl found in the normal group. Coronary artery disease risk was increased 2.3 times in those with plasma Lp(a) levels equal or above 25 mg/dl, compared to those with levels below this boundary. As to other known risk factors, only smoking habit has shown correlation with coronary artery disease. CONCLUSION We confirmed the value of Lp(a) as a risk factor of coronary heart disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Maranhäo
- Instituto do Coraçáo do Hospital das Clínicas, FMUSP e Faculdade de Ciências Farmacéuticas, USP
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|