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Hwang J, Ihm Y, Nam D, Shin J, Park E, Lee SY, Lee H, Heo SP, Kim S, Ahn JY, Shim JH, Kim M, Eom I, Noh DY, Song C. Inverted nucleation for photoinduced nonequilibrium melting. Sci Adv 2024; 10:eadl6409. [PMID: 38701215 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adl6409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Ultrafast photoinduced melting provides an essential platform for studying nonequilibrium phase transitions by linking the kinetics of electron dynamics to ionic motions. Knowledge of dynamic balance in their energetics is essential to understanding how the ionic reaction is influenced by femtosecond photoexcited electrons with notable time lag depending on reaction mechanisms. Here, by directly imaging fluctuating density distributions and evaluating the ionic pressure and Gibbs free energy from two-temperature molecular dynamics that verified experimental results, we uncovered that transient ionic pressure, triggered by photoexcited electrons, controls the overall melting kinetics. In particular, ultrafast nonequilibrium melting can be described by the reverse nucleation process with voids as nucleation seeds. The strongly driven solid-to-liquid transition of metallic gold is successfully explained by void nucleation facilitated by photoexcited electron-initiated ionic pressure, establishing a solid knowledge base for understanding ultrafast nonequilibrium kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junha Hwang
- Department of Physics, POSTECH, Pohang 37673, Korea
- Center for Ultrafast Science on Quantum Matter, Max Planck POSTECH Korea Research Initiative, Pohang 37673, Korea
- Photon Science Center, POSTECH, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Yungok Ihm
- Photon Science Center, POSTECH, Pohang 37673, Korea
- Department of Chemistry, POSTECH, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Daewoong Nam
- Photon Science Center, POSTECH, Pohang 37673, Korea
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Jaeyong Shin
- Department of Physics, POSTECH, Pohang 37673, Korea
- Center for Ultrafast Science on Quantum Matter, Max Planck POSTECH Korea Research Initiative, Pohang 37673, Korea
- Photon Science Center, POSTECH, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Eunyoung Park
- Department of Physics, POSTECH, Pohang 37673, Korea
- Center for Ultrafast Science on Quantum Matter, Max Planck POSTECH Korea Research Initiative, Pohang 37673, Korea
- Photon Science Center, POSTECH, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Sung Yun Lee
- Department of Physics, POSTECH, Pohang 37673, Korea
- Center for Ultrafast Science on Quantum Matter, Max Planck POSTECH Korea Research Initiative, Pohang 37673, Korea
- Photon Science Center, POSTECH, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Heemin Lee
- Department of Physics, POSTECH, Pohang 37673, Korea
- Center for Ultrafast Science on Quantum Matter, Max Planck POSTECH Korea Research Initiative, Pohang 37673, Korea
- Photon Science Center, POSTECH, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Seung-Phil Heo
- Department of Physics, POSTECH, Pohang 37673, Korea
- Center for Ultrafast Science on Quantum Matter, Max Planck POSTECH Korea Research Initiative, Pohang 37673, Korea
- Photon Science Center, POSTECH, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Sangsoo Kim
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Je Young Ahn
- Department of Chemistry, POSTECH, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Ji Hoon Shim
- Photon Science Center, POSTECH, Pohang 37673, Korea
- Department of Chemistry, POSTECH, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Minseok Kim
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Intae Eom
- Photon Science Center, POSTECH, Pohang 37673, Korea
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Do Young Noh
- Department of Physics and Photon Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Korea
- Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon 34126, Korea
| | - Changyong Song
- Department of Physics, POSTECH, Pohang 37673, Korea
- Center for Ultrafast Science on Quantum Matter, Max Planck POSTECH Korea Research Initiative, Pohang 37673, Korea
- Photon Science Center, POSTECH, Pohang 37673, Korea
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Hwang J, Kim S, Lee SY, Park E, Shin J, Lee JH, Kim MJ, Kim S, Park SY, Jang D, Eom I, Kim S, Song C, Kim KS, Nam D. Development of the multiplex imaging chamber at PAL-XFEL. J Synchrotron Radiat 2024; 31:469-477. [PMID: 38517754 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577524001218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Various X-ray techniques are employed to investigate specimens in diverse fields. Generally, scattering and absorption/emission processes occur due to the interaction of X-rays with matter. The output signals from these processes contain structural information and the electronic structure of specimens, respectively. The combination of complementary X-ray techniques improves the understanding of complex systems holistically. In this context, we introduce a multiplex imaging instrument that can collect small-/wide-angle X-ray diffraction and X-ray emission spectra simultaneously to investigate morphological information with nanoscale resolution, crystal arrangement at the atomic scale and the electronic structure of specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junha Hwang
- Photon Science Center, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Sejin Kim
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Yun Lee
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunyoung Park
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeyong Shin
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hyuk Lee
- XFEL Beamline Department, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Myong Jin Kim
- XFEL Beamline Department, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonghan Kim
- XFEL Beamline Department, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Youn Park
- XFEL Beamline Department, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Dogeun Jang
- XFEL Beamline Department, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Intae Eom
- Photon Science Center, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangsoo Kim
- XFEL Beamline Department, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Changyong Song
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Sook Kim
- Photon Science Center, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Daewoong Nam
- Photon Science Center, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
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Hwang J, Im P, Kim MK, Kim J. Polydopamine-Coated Silk Fiber with Controllable Length for Enhanced Hemostatic Application. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:2597-2606. [PMID: 38483111 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.4c00125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
The development of highly effective hemostatic materials with high biocompatibility and outstanding performance is vital to the field of biomaterials. In this study, we develop a hemostatic fiber material that exhibits high biocompatibility and excellent performance. By incorporating polydopamine (PDA) into the alkaline treatment of silk fibroin (SF), we achieve PDA-coated SF fibers with lengths that can be controlled by the alkaline concentration. The PDA coating significantly enhances the hemostatic ability of the silk fibers and exhibits superior performance in both in vitro and ex vivo experiments. By performing animal studies involving a mouse liver puncture model and a femoral vein incision model, we demonstrate the remarkable hemostatic capability of the PDA-coated SF fibers, as evidenced by the lower blood loss compared to that of a commercial hemostat powder. These findings highlight the potential of applying a PDA-assisted alkaline treatment to SF fibers to efficiently create hemostatic fibers with controllable lengths, which would be promising candidates for clinical hemostatic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junha Hwang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Pilseon Im
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Kyung Kim
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Science & Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeyun Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Science & Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Quantum Biophysics (IQB), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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Lee SY, Cho DH, Song SC, Shin J, Hwang J, Park E, Lee SY, Kim S, Lee J, Song C. Nanoscale Three-Dimensional Network Structure of a Mesoporous Particle Unveiled via Adaptive Multidistance Coherent X-ray Tomography. ACS Nano 2023; 17:22488-22498. [PMID: 37851941 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c05977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Mesoporous nanoparticles provide rich platforms to devise functional materials by customizing the three-dimensional (3D) structures of nanopores. With the pore network as a key tuning parameter, the noninvasive and quantitative characterization of these 3D structures is crucial for the rational design of functional materials. This has prompted researchers to develop versatile nanoprobes with a high penetration power to inspect various specimens sized a few micrometers at nanoscale 3D resolutions. Here, with adaptive phase retrievals on independent data sets with different sampling frequencies, we introduce multidistance coherent X-ray tomography as a noninvasive and quantitative nanoprobe to realize high-resolution 3D imaging of micrometer-sized specimens. The 3D density distribution of an entire mesoporous silica nanoparticle was obtained at 13 nm 3D resolution for quantitative physical and morphological analyses of its 3D pore structure. The morphological features of the whole 3D pore network and pore connectivity were examined to gain insight into the potential functions of the particles. The proposed multidistance tomographic imaging scheme with quantitative structural analyses is expected to advance studies of functional materials by facilitating their structure-based rational design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Yun Lee
- Department of Physics, POSTECH, Pohang 37673, Korea
- Photon Science Center, POSTECH, Pohang 37673, Korea
- Center for Ultrafast Science on Quantum Matter, Max Planck POSTECH Korea Research Initiative, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Do Hyung Cho
- Department of Physics, POSTECH, Pohang 37673, Korea
- Photon Science Center, POSTECH, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Sung Chan Song
- Center for Ultrafast Science on Quantum Matter, Max Planck POSTECH Korea Research Initiative, Pohang 37673, Korea
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, POSTECH, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Jaeyong Shin
- Department of Physics, POSTECH, Pohang 37673, Korea
- Photon Science Center, POSTECH, Pohang 37673, Korea
- Center for Ultrafast Science on Quantum Matter, Max Planck POSTECH Korea Research Initiative, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Junha Hwang
- Department of Physics, POSTECH, Pohang 37673, Korea
- Photon Science Center, POSTECH, Pohang 37673, Korea
- Center for Ultrafast Science on Quantum Matter, Max Planck POSTECH Korea Research Initiative, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Eunyoung Park
- Department of Physics, POSTECH, Pohang 37673, Korea
- Photon Science Center, POSTECH, Pohang 37673, Korea
- Center for Ultrafast Science on Quantum Matter, Max Planck POSTECH Korea Research Initiative, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Su Yong Lee
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, POSTECH, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Seongseop Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Clean Energy Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea
| | - Jinwoo Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Changyong Song
- Department of Physics, POSTECH, Pohang 37673, Korea
- Photon Science Center, POSTECH, Pohang 37673, Korea
- Center for Ultrafast Science on Quantum Matter, Max Planck POSTECH Korea Research Initiative, Pohang 37673, Korea
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Lee H, Ahn JY, Chun SH, Cho DH, Sung D, Jung C, Shin J, Hwang J, Ha SS, Jang H, Cho BG, Kim S, Park J, Nam D, Eom I, Shim JH, Noh DY, Ihm Y, Song C. Observing femtosecond orbital dynamics in ultrafast Ge melting with time-resolved resonant X-ray scattering. IUCrJ 2023; 10:700-707. [PMID: 37772598 PMCID: PMC10619452 DOI: 10.1107/s2052252523007935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Photoinduced nonequilibrium phase transitions have stimulated interest in the dynamic interactions between electrons and crystalline ions, which have long been overlooked within the Born-Oppenheimer approximation. Ultrafast melting before lattice thermalization prompted researchers to revisit this issue to understand ultrafast photoinduced weakening of the crystal bonding. However, the absence of direct evidence demonstrating the role of orbital dynamics in lattice disorder leaves it elusive. By performing time-resolved resonant X-ray scattering with an X-ray free-electron laser, we directly monitored the ultrafast dynamics of bonding orbitals of Ge to drive photoinduced melting. Increased photoexcitation of bonding electrons amplifies the orbital disturbance to expedite the lattice disorder approaching the sub-picosecond scale of the nonthermal regime. The lattice disorder time shows strong nonlinear dependence on the laser fluence with a crossover behavior from thermal-driven to nonthermal-dominant kinetics, which is also verified by ab initio and two-temperature molecular dynamics simulations. This study elucidates the impact of bonding orbitals on lattice stability with a unifying interpretation on photoinduced melting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heemin Lee
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
- Center for Ultrafast Science in Quantum Matter, Max Planck POSTECH/Korea Research Initiative, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
- Photon Science Center, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Je Young Ahn
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Sae Hwan Chun
- Photon Science Center, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Hyung Cho
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
- Center for Ultrafast Science in Quantum Matter, Max Planck POSTECH/Korea Research Initiative, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Daeho Sung
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
- Center for Ultrafast Science in Quantum Matter, Max Planck POSTECH/Korea Research Initiative, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Chulho Jung
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
- Center for Ultrafast Science in Quantum Matter, Max Planck POSTECH/Korea Research Initiative, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeyong Shin
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
- Center for Ultrafast Science in Quantum Matter, Max Planck POSTECH/Korea Research Initiative, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
- Photon Science Center, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Junha Hwang
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
- Center for Ultrafast Science in Quantum Matter, Max Planck POSTECH/Korea Research Initiative, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
- Photon Science Center, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Soo Ha
- Department of Physics and Photon Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoyoung Jang
- Photon Science Center, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong-Gwan Cho
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunam Kim
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeku Park
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Daewoong Nam
- Photon Science Center, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Intae Eom
- Photon Science Center, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hoon Shim
- Photon Science Center, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Young Noh
- Department of Physics and Photon Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
- Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - Yungok Ihm
- Photon Science Center, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Changyong Song
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
- Center for Ultrafast Science in Quantum Matter, Max Planck POSTECH/Korea Research Initiative, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
- Photon Science Center, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
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Hwang J, Chun J, Choi SH, Cho S, Kim JS. Patient-Specific Deep Learning Model for Clinical Target Volume Delineation on Daily CBCT of Breast Cancer Patients based on Intentional Deep Overfit Learning (IDOL) Framework. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e181. [PMID: 37784804 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Increasingly complex target volumes and the use of modern irradiation techniques emphasize the importance of daily image guidance more than ever. Significant progress has been made in adjuvant breast cancer radiotherapy (RT) and the need for optimized image guidance is growing. Furthermore, the position of the breast during RT after breast-conserving surgery is highly variable than expected. In this context, cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is a very effective tool enabling prompt and accurate adaptive radiation therapy (ART). In this study, we aim to develop a deep learning (DL)-based algorithm to segment clinical target volume (CTV) from daily CBCT scans. Also, we validate the optimization of further learning when applying the Intentional Deep Overfit Learning (IDOL) framework. MATERIALS/METHODS A total of 240 different CBCT scans obtained from 100 breast cancer patients were used for this study. CTV was defined as whole breast plus margin in all patients. The workflow consists of two training stages: (1) training a novel 'generalized' DL model (Swin_UNETR) to identify and delineate breast CTV on CBCT scans using 90 breast cancer patient cases (2) applying an 'intentional overfitting' to the 'generalized' DL model to generate a 'patient-specific' model using the remaining 10 breast cancer patients. In this study, for the intentionally overfitting stage, we additionally trained with CBCT scans from the patient's 1st fraction to the 14th fractions cases. The results of the proposed method were compared quantitatively with the expert's contours on 1st-15th fractions CBCT scans using Dice Similarity Coefficient (DSC). RESULTS The average DSC between the 'generalized' DL model-based breast CTV contours and reference contours for the patient's 15th fraction was 0.9672. When implementing the IDOL framework with the CBCT scan obtained during the patient's 1st treatment, the average DSC was improved to 0.9809. When additional CBCT scans taken during each of the 1st to 6th fractions were used for training, the average DSC could be most effectively raised to 0.9835. The p-value comparison between the 'generalized' DL model and the 1st fraction was found to be 3.62E-04, while the comparison with the 6th fractions resulted in a p-value of 8.36E-05. The average time required for IDOL training using one CBCT scan and six CBCT scans was 107 seconds and 127 seconds, respectively. CONCLUSION In this study, we developed a patient-specific DL-based training algorithm to segment CTV in CBCT scans for breast cancer patients. The performance improvement was relatively significant and was confirmed that using continual DL with additional CBCT scans, which are taken every day, can be more accurate and efficient than drawing breast CTV using a general model. Our novel patient-specific model can be effectively applied to various ARTs by not only reducing labor and time but also increasing accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Hwang
- KAIST, Daejeon, Daejeon, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - J Chun
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - S H Choi
- Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - S Cho
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - J S Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Heavy Ion Therapy Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
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Kim N, Song JY, Yang H, Kim MJ, Lee K, Shin YH, Rhee SY, Hwang J, Kim MS, Fond G, Boyer L, Kim SY, Shin JI, Lee SW, Yon DK. National trends in suicide-related behaviors among youths between 2005-2020, including COVID-19: a Korean representative survey of one million adolescents. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2023; 27:1192-1202. [PMID: 36808368 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202302_31226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE It is difficult to conclude that COVID-19 is associated with a decrease in the suicide attempts rate by comparing only a short-term period. Therefore, it is necessary to examine attempted suicide rates through a trend analysis over a longer period. This study aimed to investigate an estimated long-term trend regarding the prevalence of suicide-related behaviors among adolescents in South Korea from 2005 to 2020, including COVID-19. SUBJECTS AND METHODS We sourced data from a national representative survey (Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey) and analyzed one million Korean adolescents aged 13 to 18 years (n=1,057,885) from 2005 to 2020. The 16-year trends regarding the prevalence of sadness or despair and suicidal ideation and attempt and the trend changes before and during COVID-19. RESULTS Data of 1,057,885 Korean adolescents was analyzed (weighted mean age, 15.03 years; males, 52.5%; females, 47.5%). Although the 16-year trend in the prevalence of sadness or despair and suicide ideation and attempt consistently decreased (prevalence of sadness or despair between 2005-2008, 38.0% with 95% confidence interval [CI], 37.7 to 38.4 vs. prevalence in 2020, 25.0% [24.5 to 25.6]; suicide ideation between 2005-2008, 21.9% [21.6 to 22.1] vs. prevalence in 2020, 10.7% [10.3 to 11.1]; and suicide attempt between 2005-2008, 5.0% [4.9 to 5.2] vs. prevalence in 2020, 1.9% [1.8 to 2.0]), the downward slope decreased during COVID-19 (βdiff in sadness, 0.215 with 95% CI 0.206 to 0.224; βdiff in suicidal ideation, 0.245 [0.234 to 0.256]; and βdiff in suicide attempt, 0.219 [0.201 to 0.237]) compared with pre-pandemic period. CONCLUSIONS This study found that the observed risk of suicide-related behaviors during the pandemic was higher than expected through long-term trend analysis of the prevalence of sadness/despair and suicidal ideation and attempts among South Korean adolescents. We need a profound epidemiologic study of the change in mental health due to the pandemic's impact and the establishment of prevention strategies for suicide ideation and attempt.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Kim
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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Song TJ, Shin JI, Yon DK, Lee SW, Hwang SY, Hwang J, Park SH, Lee SB, Lee MH, Kim MS, Koyanagi A, Tizaoui K, Kim JH, Smith L. Cerebral venous thrombosis after ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination: a systematic review. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2023; 27:404-410. [PMID: 36647889 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202301_30894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To perform a systematic review of case reports or case series regarding thrombosis with thrombocytopenia syndrome (TTS) and cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) related to ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination to address the clinical features, laboratory findings, treatment modalities, and prognosis related with CVT. SUBJECTS AND METHODS We included 64 TTS patients from 19 articles, 6 case series and 13 case reports, in which thrombosis occurred after the first dose of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination published up to 30 June 2021 in Embase, ePubs, Medline/PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. RESULTS Of the 64 TTS patients, 38 (59.3%) had CVT. Patients with CVT were younger (median 36.5 vs. 52.5 years, p<0.001), had lower fibrinogen levels (130 vs. 245 mg/dL, p=0.008), had more frequent history of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), and had higher mortality rate (48.6% vs. 19.2%, p=0.020) than that of patients without CVT. In multivariable analysis, the possibility of presence of CVT was higher in younger age groups [odd ratio (OR): 0.91, 95% confidence interval (CI): (0.86-0.97, p<0.001)] and those with accompanying intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) (OR: 13.60, 95% CI (1.28-144.12, p=0.045). CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated that CVT related to ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination was associated with younger age, low levels of fibrinogen, presence of ICH and more frequent mortality compared to those of non-CVT. If TTS occurs after ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination, the presence of CVT in patients with young age or ICH should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- T-J Song
- Department of Neurology, Seoul Hospital, Ewha University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Wu H, Kumar M, Fray E, Siliciano R, Smedley J, Meyers G, Maziarz R, Burwitz B, Stanton J, Sacha J, Weber W, Waytashek C, Boyle C, Bateman K, Reed J, Hwang J, Shriver-Munsch C, Northrup M, Armantrout K, Price H, Robertson-LeVay M, Uttke S, Junell S, Moats C, Bochart R, Sciurba J, Bimber B, Sullivan M, Dozier B, MacAllister R, Hobbs T, Martin L, Siliciano J, Axthelm M. OP 6.7 – 00044 Long-term ART-free SIV Remission Following Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation in Mauritian Cynomolgus Macaques. J Virus Erad 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jve.2022.100252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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10
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Park S, Han JH, Hwang J, Yon DK, Lee SW, Kim JH, Koyanagi A, Jacob L, Oh H, Kostev K, Dragioti E, Radua J, Eun HS, Shin JI, Smith L. The global burden of sudden infant death syndrome from 1990 to 2019: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease study 2019. QJM 2022; 115:735-744. [PMID: 35385121 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcac093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) still remains one of the leading causes of infant death worldwide, especially in high-income countries. To date, however, there is no detailed information on the global health burden of SIDS. AIMS To characterize the global disease burden of SIDS and its trends from 1990 to 2019 and to compare the burden of SIDS according to the socio-demographic index (SDI). DESIGN Systematic analysis based on the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 data. METHODS Epidemiological data of 204 countries from 1990 to 2019 were collected via various methods including civil registration and vital statistics in the original GBD study. Estimates for mortality and disease burden of SIDS were modeled. Crude mortality and mortality rates per 100 000 population were analyzed. Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and DALY rates were also assessed. RESULTS In 2019, mortality rate of SIDS accounted for 20.98 [95% Uncertainty Interval, 9.15-46.16] globally, which was a 51% decrease from 1990. SIDS was most prevalent in Western sub-Saharan Africa, High-income North America and Oceania in 2019. The burden of SIDS was higher in males than females consistently from 1990 to 2019. Higher SDI and income level was associated with lower burden of SIDS; furthermore, countries with higher SDI and income had greater decreases in SIDS burden from 1990 to 2019. CONCLUSIONS The burden of SIDS has decreased drastically from 1990 to 2019. However, the improvements have occurred disproportionately between regions and SDI levels. Focused preventive efforts in under-resourced populations are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Park
- From the Yonsei College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Han
- Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - J Hwang
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - D K Yon
- Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - S W Lee
- Department of Data Science, Sejong University College of Software Convergence, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
- Department of Precision Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - A Koyanagi
- Department of Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Deu/CIBERSAM, Universitat de Barcelona, Fundacio Sant Joan de Deu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, 08830, Spain
- Life and Medical Sciences, ICREA, Pg. Lluis Companys 23, Barcelona, 08010, Spain
| | - L Jacob
- Department of Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Deu/CIBERSAM, Universitat de Barcelona, Fundacio Sant Joan de Deu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, 08830, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, 28029, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, 78180, France
| | - H Oh
- School of Social Work, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - K Kostev
- University Clinic of Marburg, Marburg, 35043, Germany
| | - E Dragioti
- Pain and Rehabilitation Centre, and Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, 58183, Sweden
| | - J Radua
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Early Psychosis: Interventions and Clinical-detection (EPIC) Lab, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, WC2R 2LS, UK
- Imaging of Mood- and Anxiety-Related Disorders (IMARD) Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), CIBERSAM, Barcelona, 08036, Spain
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatric Research and Education, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 17176, Sweden
| | - H S Eun
- Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - J I Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - L Smith
- Centre for Health, Performance and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, CB1 1PT, UK
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11
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Koffler D, Chitti B, Ma D, Hwang J, Potters L, Chen W. Futility of the Third-Party Peer-to-Peer Review Process and Entailed Delays to Cancer-Directed Therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.07.509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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12
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Koffler D, Chitti B, Ma D, Sidiqi B, Hwang J, Potters L, Chen W. Evaluating the Inter-Reviewer Reliability and Evidentiary Grounds for Third-Party Peer-to-Peer Mandated Downgrading of Radiation Therapy Prescriptions. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.07.1731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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13
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Hwang J, Na Y, Park A, Kim H, Park W. 698 Retinol: A better solution for skin anti-aging than retinyl palmitate. J Invest Dermatol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.05.710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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14
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Nguyen DL, Hwang J, Kim EJ, Lee JH, Han SJ. Production and Characterization of a Recombinant Cold-Active Acetyl Xylan Esterase from Psychrophilic Paenibacillus sp. R4 Strain. APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683822040123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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15
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Kim MJ, Lee KH, Lee JS, Kim N, Song JY, Shin YH, Yang JM, Lee SW, Hwang J, Rhee SY, Yon DK, Shin JI, Choi YJ. Trends in body mass index changes among Korean adolescents between 2005-2020, including the COVID-19 pandemic period: a national representative survey of one million adolescents. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2022; 26:4082-4091. [PMID: 35731079 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202206_28978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on weight gain in children and adolescents remains unknown. We aimed to identify an estimated 15-year trend in mean body mass index (BMI) changes and prevalence of obesity and overweight among Korean adolescents from 2005 to 2020, including the period of the COVID-19 pandemic. PATIENTS AND METHODS We analyzed data taken from a nationwide survey (Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey), between 2005 and 2020. Representative samples of one million Korean adolescents aged 13-18 years (n=1,057,885) were examined. The 15-year trends in mean BMI and proportion of obesity or overweight, and the changes due to the COVID-19 pandemic were analyzed. RESULTS The data of 1,057,885 Korean adolescents were analyzed (mean age: 14.98 years; females, 48.4%). The estimated weighted mean BMI was 20.5 kg/m2 [95% confidence interval (CI), 20.4-20.5] from 2005 to 2008 and 21.5 kg/m2 (95% CI, 21.4-21.6) in 2020 (during the COVID-19 pandemic). Although the 15-year trend of mean BMI gradually increased, the change in mean BMI before and during the pandemic significantly lessened (βdiff, -0.027; 95% CI, -0.028 to -0.026). The 15-year (2005-2020) trend changes in the prevalence of obesity and overweight were similar (obesity prevalence from 2005-2008, 3.2%; 95% CI, 3.1-3.3 vs. obesity prevalence in 2020, 8.6%; 95% CI, 8.2-9.0; βdiff, -0.309; 95% CI, -0.330 to -0.288). CONCLUSIONS The 15-year trend of overall mean BMI and obesity and overweight prevalence demonstrated a significant increase; however, its slope decreased during the pandemic. These landmark results suggest the need for the development of precise strategies to prevent pediatric obesity and overweight during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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16
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Shin JI, Kim SE, Lee MH, Kim MS, Lee SW, Park S, Shin YH, Yang JW, Song JM, Moon SY, Kim SY, Park Y, Suh DI, Yang JM, Cho SH, Jin HY, Hong SH, Won HH, Kronbichler A, Koyanagi A, Jacob L, Hwang J, Tizaoui K, Lee KH, Kim JH, Yon DK, Smith L. COVID-19 susceptibility and clinical outcomes in autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic diseases (AIRDs): a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2022; 26:3760-3770. [PMID: 35647859 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202205_28873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This meta-analysis aims to assess the susceptibility to and clinical outcomes of COVID-19 in autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic disease (AIRD) and following AIRD drug use. MATERIALS AND METHODS We included observational and case-controlled studies assessing susceptibility and clinical outcomes of COVID-19 in patients with AIRD as well as the clinical outcomes of COVID-19 with or without use of steroids and conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (csDMARDs). RESULTS Meta-analysis including three studies showed that patients with AIRD are not more susceptible to COVID-19 compared to patients without AIRD or the general population (OR: 1.11, 95% CI: 0.58 to 2.14). Incidence of severe outcomes of COVID-19 (OR: 1.34, 95% CI: 0.76 to 2.35) and COVID-19 related death (OR: 1.21, 95% CI: 0.68 to 2.16) also did not show significant difference. The clinical outcomes of COVID-19 among AIRD patients with and without csDMARD or steroid showed that both use of steroid (OR: 1.69, 95% CI: 0.96 to 2.98) or csDMARD (OR: 1.35, 95% CI: 0.63 to 3.08) had no effect on clinical outcomes of COVID-19. CONCLUSIONS AIRD does not increase susceptibility to COVID-19, not affecting the clinical outcome of COVID-19. Similarly, the use of steroids or csDMARDs for AIRD does not worsen the clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- J I Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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17
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Sun S, Lee K, Lee G, Kim Y, Kim S, Hwang J, Kong H, Chung KY, Ali G, Song T, Paik U. Fe-substituted silica via lattice dissolution–reprecipitation replacement for tungsten chemical mechanical planarization. J IND ENG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2022.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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18
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Lee K, Kim S, Sun S, Lee G, Kwon J, Hwang J, Seo J, Paik U, Song T. Hydrogenated ceria nanoparticles for high-efficiency silicate adsorption. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj04043c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The enriched Ce3+ ions were confirmed on the surface of hydrogenated ceria nanoparticles which play a key role as active sites in various chemical reactions including silicate adsorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangchun Lee
- Foundry Process Development Team, Semiconductor R&D Center, Samsung Electronics, Hwaseong, Korea
| | - Sungmin Kim
- Department of Energy Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seho Sun
- Department of Energy Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ganggyu Lee
- Department of Energy Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jiseok Kwon
- Department of Energy Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Junha Hwang
- Department of Energy Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
- Material R&D Center, KCTech, Hwaseong, Korea
| | - Jihoon Seo
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Clarkson University, New York, USA
| | - Ungyu Paik
- Department of Energy Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Taeseup Song
- Department of Energy Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
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19
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Gao Y, Hwang J, Hwang G, Craig T. A review of oral kallikrein inhibitor berotralstat for hereditary angioedema. Drugs Today (Barc) 2022; 58:59-67. [DOI: 10.1358/dot.2022.58.2.3369191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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20
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Choi MJ, Yang JW, Lee S, Kim JY, Oh JW, Lee J, Stubbs B, Lee KH, Koyanagi A, Hong SH, Ghayda RA, Hwang J, Dragioti E, Jacob L, Carvalho AF, Radua J, Thompson T, Smith L, Fornaro M, Stickley A, Bettac EL, Han YJ, Kronbichler A, Yon DK, Lee SW, Shin JI, Lee E, Solmi M. Suicide associated with COVID-19 infection: an immunological point of view. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2021; 25:6397-6407. [PMID: 34730221 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202110_27013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a pandemic and leading cause of death. Beyond the deaths directly caused by the virus and the suicides related to the psychological response to the dramatic changes as socioeconomic related to the pandemic, there might also be suicides related to the inflammatory responses of the infection. Infection induces inflammation as a cytokine storm, and there is an increasing number of studies that report a relationship between infection and suicide. MATERIALS AND METHODS We searched the World Health Organization status report and the PubMed database for keywords (COVID-19, suicide, infection, inflammation, cytokines), and reviewed five cytokine pathways between suicide and inflammation using two meta-analyses and two observational studies starting from November 31, 2020, focusing on the relationship between suicide and inflammation by infection. First, we discussed existing evidence explaining the relationship between suicidal behaviors and inflammation. Second, we summarized the inflammatory features found in COVID-19 patients. Finally, we highlight the potential for these factors to affect the risk of suicide in COVID-19 patients. RESULTS Patients infected with COVID-19 have high amounts of IL-1β, IFN-γ, IP10, and MCP1, which may lead to Th1 cell response activation. Also, Th2 cytokines (e.g., IL-4 and IL-10) were increased in COVID-19 infection. In COVID-19 patients, neurological conditions, like headache, dizziness, ataxia, seizures, and others have been observed. CONCLUSIONS COVID-19 pandemic can serve as a significant environmental factor contributing directly to increased suicide risk; the role of inflammation by an infection should not be overlooked.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Choi
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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21
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Gubbels A, Hwang J, Li R. Primary Umbilical Endometriosis: A Systematic Literature Review. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2021.09.238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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22
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Hwang J, McDowell S, Cole B, Huber AR, Reyes C. Cytologic Analysis of a Glomus Tumor in the Left Second Toe: Case Report. Am J Clin Pathol 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqab191.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction/Objective
Glomus bodies reside in the stratum reticularis of the dermis as well as in visceral organs. Their functions involve temperature and blood pressure regulation. The incidence of glomus tumors is approximately 1.5%, occur more frequently in women, and generally manifest during the third to fifth decade of life. A majority of glomus tumors are diagnosed by biopsy and excision. At least 19 case reports exist in the literature where glomus tumors are diagnosed by fine-needle aspiration (FNA). We add to this growing literature by discussing a case report involving the cytologic findings of an FNA-diagnosed glomus tumor.
Methods/Case Report
A 66-year-old female presented with left second toe pain for 41 years but worsening in the past several months. Physical exam revealed 5/5 muscle strength in her toes without loss of sensation. There was no edema, erythema, nor ecchymosis. Pain was notably out of proportion when palpating her second nailbed. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with contrast was performed revealing a 1.1 x 1.0 x 0.9 cm circumscribed, ovoid mass involving the dorsal aspect of the second toe distal phalanx along its dorsal margin (Figure 1). The patient underwent fine needle aspiration and biopsy. Cytologic findings included clusters of uniform cells with round to oval nuclei and scant cytoplasm. There was spindling of cells noted in some of the clusters. Cells were surrounded by thick wisps of magenta colored myxoid material reminiscent of a pleomorphic adenoma (Figure 2). Biopsy showed uniform cells surrounding capillaries. Immunohistochemistry performed on the biopsy showed that lesional cells were positive for alpha-smooth muscle actin (SMA). A diagnosis of glomus tumor was made. Amputation was performed with clear margins.
Results (if a Case Study enter NA)
NA
Conclusion
Glomus tumor is a rare tumor that is usually diagnosed on biopsy; however, it has distinct cytologic features that can aid in its diagnosis on fine needle aspirations.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Hwang
- Pathology, Brooke Army Medical Center, San Antonio, Texas, UNITED STATES
| | - S McDowell
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, New York, UNITED STATES
| | - B Cole
- Diagnostic Radiology, Ide Imaging Partners, Rochester, New York, UNITED STATES
| | - A R Huber
- Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, New York, UNITED STATES
| | - C Reyes
- Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, New York, UNITED STATES
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Kim J, Kim DH, Jee H, Hwang J, Yoon J. Type B valvular and supravalvular pulmonic stenosis with aberrant pre-pulmonic right coronary artery diagnosed by non-electrocardiography-gated, multislice computed tomography in a Boston terrier. J Vet Cardiol 2021; 38:12-17. [PMID: 34689048 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvc.2021.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonic stenosis (PS) is a common congenital heart disease in dogs. It may be associated with an aberrant coronary artery (CA) in brachycephalic breeds. If present, a CA anomaly must be identified before pulmonic valvuloplasty. A 1.7-year-old Boston terrier was referred for a grade V/VI systolic heart murmur and exercise intolerance. Echocardiography revealed combined type B valvular and supravalvular PS; an aberrant CA was also suspected. Non-electrocardiography (ECG)-gated, 160-multislice computed tomographic angiography (CTA) confirmed severe right ventricular wall hypertrophy, a hypoplastic pulmonic valve annulus, and severe supravalvular PS with a marked main pulmonary artery bulge; a single left coronary ostium with an anomalous pre-pulmonic right CA was also identified. Surgical correction with pulmonic valvuloplasty and pulmonary artery patch angioplasty under cardiopulmonary bypass was planned. The patient died intraoperatively due to profound hypotension after weaning from extracorporeal circulation. However, this is the first case report in which type B valvular and supravalvular PS with an aberrant pre-pulmonic right CA was diagnosed by non-ECG-gated, 160-multislice CTA in a Boston terrier, showing a similar level of image quality to ECG-gated CTA. Thus, in PS cases, high-slice CTA may be helpful to determine if CA anomalies are present and to establish a therapeutic plan.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kim
- Helix Animal Medical Center, Seoul, 06546, South Korea; College of Veterinary Medicine and the Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - D-H Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, South Korea
| | - H Jee
- Helix Animal Medical Center, Seoul, 06546, South Korea
| | - J Hwang
- Helix Animal Medical Center, Seoul, 06546, South Korea
| | - J Yoon
- College of Veterinary Medicine and the Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea.
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Cheung B, Hwang J, Stolarczyk A, Mahlof EN, Block RC. Case study of hypertriglyceridemia from COVID-19 Pfizer-BioNTech vaccination in a patient with familial hypercholesteremia. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2021; 25:5525-5528. [PMID: 34533798 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202109_26664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The Pfizer-BioNTech coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine is the first novel nucleoside-modified messenger ribonucleic acid (modRNA) vaccine to receive Emergency Use Authorization from the Food and Drug Administration in the United States. It is indicated to be used in patients ≥12 years-of-age as of May 25th, 2021, including populations with high atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) burden. However, little is known about the potential impact this vaccine may have on serum lipoprotein levels in patients with familial hypercholesteremia (FH), who are predisposed to high ASCVD burden due to elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). We present an interesting case where a patient with heterozygous FH (HeFH) and elevated triglycerides (TG)-controlled for years on medication and apheresis-experienced significantly elevated TG, one day after receiving his second Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine dose. It is not known whether this adverse event may be seen in other FH patients and may be worth assessing in such patients to determine the possibility of a rare adverse reaction from a COVID-19 vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Cheung
- Saint Bernards Healthcare, Jonesboro, AR, USA.
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25
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Arai H, Baca Y, Xiu J, Battaglin F, Hwang J, Marshall J, Goldberg R, Weinberg B, Sohal D, Lou E, Hall M, Wang J, Kawanishi N, Jayachandran P, Soni S, Zhang W, Magee D, Korn W, Lenz H. 480P Gene expression of NANOG and NANOGP8 in colorectal cancer. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.1001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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26
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Cho DH, Shen Z, Ihm Y, Wi DH, Jung C, Nam D, Kim S, Park SY, Kim KS, Sung D, Lee H, Shin JY, Hwang J, Lee SY, Lee SY, Han SW, Noh DY, Loh ND, Song C. High-Throughput 3D Ensemble Characterization of Individual Core-Shell Nanoparticles with X-ray Free Electron Laser Single-Particle Imaging. ACS Nano 2021; 15:4066-4076. [PMID: 33506675 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c07961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The structures as building blocks for designing functional nanomaterials have fueled the development of versatile nanoprobes to understand local structures of noncrystalline specimens. Progress in analyzing structures of individual specimens with atomic scale accuracy has been notable recently. In most cases, however, only a limited number of specimens are inspected lacking statistics to represent the systems with structural inhomogeneity. Here, by employing single-particle imaging with X-ray free electron lasers and algorithms for multiple-model 3D imaging, we succeeded in investigating several thousand specimens in a couple of hours and identified intrinsic heterogeneities with 3D structures. Quantitative analysis has unveiled 3D morphology, facet indices, and elastic strain. The 3D elastic energy distribution is further corroborated by molecular dynamics simulations to gain mechanical insight at the atomic level. This work establishes a route to high-throughput characterization of individual specimens in large ensembles, hence overcoming statistical deficiency while providing quantitative information at the nanoscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do Hyung Cho
- Department of Physics and Photon Science Center, POSTECH, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Zhou Shen
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117551
| | - Yungok Ihm
- Department of Chemistry, POSTECH, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Dae Han Wi
- Center for Nanotectonics, Department of Chemistry and KI for the NanoCentury, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Chulho Jung
- Department of Physics and Photon Science Center, POSTECH, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Daewoong Nam
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, POSTECH, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Sangsoo Kim
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, POSTECH, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Sang-Youn Park
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, POSTECH, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Kyung Sook Kim
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, POSTECH, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Daeho Sung
- Department of Physics and Photon Science Center, POSTECH, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Heemin Lee
- Department of Physics and Photon Science Center, POSTECH, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Jae-Yong Shin
- Department of Physics and Photon Science Center, POSTECH, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Junha Hwang
- Department of Physics and Photon Science Center, POSTECH, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Sung Yun Lee
- Department of Physics and Photon Science Center, POSTECH, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Su Yong Lee
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, POSTECH, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Sang Woo Han
- Center for Nanotectonics, Department of Chemistry and KI for the NanoCentury, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Do Young Noh
- Department of Physics and Photon Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Korea
- Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Korea
| | - N Duane Loh
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117551
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117557
| | - Changyong Song
- Department of Physics and Photon Science Center, POSTECH, Pohang 37673, Korea
- Asia Pacific Center for Theoretical Physics (APCTP), POSTECH, Pohang 37673, Korea
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Ramiro I, Villa J, Hwang J, Martin AJ, Millunchick J, Phillips J, Martí A. Demonstration of a GaSb/GaAs Quantum Dot Intermediate Band Solar Cell Operating at Maximum Power Point. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 125:247703. [PMID: 33412043 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.247703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Intermediate band solar cells (IBSCs) promise high efficiencies while maintaining a low device structural complexity. A high efficiency can be obtained by harvesting below-band-gap photons, thus increasing the current, while at the same time preserving a high voltage. Here, we provide experimental proof that below-band-gap photons can be used to produce nonzero electrical work in an IBSC without compromising the voltage. For this, we manufacture a GaSb/GaAs quantum-dot IBSC. We use light biasing and make our cell operate at the maximum power point at 9 K. We measure the photocurrent response to absorption of photons with an energy of less than 1.15 eV while the cell is operating at 1.15 V. We also show that this result implies the existence of three quasi-Fermi levels linked to the three electronic bands in our device, as demanded by the IBSC theory to preserve the output voltage of the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Ramiro
- Instituto de Energía Solar, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J Villa
- Instituto de Energía Solar, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J Hwang
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - A J Martin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - J Millunchick
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - J Phillips
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - A Martí
- Instituto de Energía Solar, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Kim I, Hwang J, Lee C, Cho Y, Park H, Chung J, Yoon H, Kim H, Han S, Hur S, Koo B, Doh J, Shin E, Lee J, Nam C. Correlation of coronary microvascular function and diastolic dysfunction. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.0903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) is an important mechanism for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) which is closely related with diastolic dysfunction on transthoracic echocardiography (TTE).
Purpose
The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of CMD with echocardiographic parameters of diastolic dysfunction.
Methods
Total 385 patients with chest discomfort in the absence of significant coronary artery obstruction were enrolled to this study and underwent invasive coronary physiologic assessment including index of microcirculatory resistance (IMR), and coronary flow reserve (CFR). Echocardiographic parameters for diastolic dysfunction - left atrial volume index (LAVI) and left ventricular filling pressure (E over e') were compared in patients with true CMD (CFR<2.5 with IMR ≥20), mismatched CMD (CFR≥2.5 with IMR ≥20 or CFR<2.5 with IMR <20), and no CMD (CFR≥2.5 with IMR <20).
Results
Among the study population, 55 patients (14.3%) were true CMD, 162 patients (42.1%) were mismatched CMD and 168 patients (43.6%) were no CMD. Age (62.9±10.5 vs. 61.1±9.9 vs. 61.7±10.5, p=0.522) and left ventricular ejection fraction (63.9±8.1 vs. 63.9±6.2 vs. 63.0±6.7, p=0.414) was not different between groups. Patients with true CMD showed significantly larger left atrial size (LAVI: 34.7±18.2 mL/m2 vs. 26.8±10.7 mL/m2, p=0.005) and trend towards higher LV filling pressure (E/e': 10.8±3.5 vs. 9.9±3.5, p=0.073) compared with no CMD. In subgroup analysis, younger patients showed more pronounced increase of LAVI (Age <65: 39.6±22.6 vs. 26.1±11.6, p=0.003; Age ≥65: 28.0±9.13 vs. 28.8±8.2, p=0.266; p for interaction 0.043) in true CMD compared to no CMD. Non-diabetic patients also showed more pronounced increase of E/e' in true CMD (Non-diabetes: 10.2±2.7 vs. 9.2±2.6, p=0.002; Diabetes: 12.1±4.5 vs. 11.9±5.1, p=0.197; p for interaction 0.015).
Conclusions
Coronary microvascular dysfunction is significantly related with echocardiographic parameters of diastolic dysfunction. The effect of CMD on diastolic dysfunction is more prominent in low-risk patients.
Figure 1
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: None
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Affiliation(s)
- I.C Kim
- Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, Daegu, Korea (Republic of)
| | - J Hwang
- Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, Daegu, Korea (Republic of)
| | - C.H Lee
- Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, Daegu, Korea (Republic of)
| | - Y.K Cho
- Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, Daegu, Korea (Republic of)
| | - H.S Park
- Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, Daegu, Korea (Republic of)
| | - J.W Chung
- Daegu Dongsan Hospital, Daegu, Korea (Republic of)
| | - H.J Yoon
- Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, Daegu, Korea (Republic of)
| | - H Kim
- Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, Daegu, Korea (Republic of)
| | - S Han
- Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, Daegu, Korea (Republic of)
| | - S.H Hur
- Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, Daegu, Korea (Republic of)
| | - B.K Koo
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - J.H Doh
- Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Ilsan, Korea (Republic of)
| | - E.S Shin
- Ulsan University Hospital, Ulsan, Korea (Republic of)
| | - J.M Lee
- Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - C.W Nam
- Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, Daegu, Korea (Republic of)
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Nguyen HGT, Sims CM, Toman B, Horn J, van Zee RD, Thommes M, Ahmad R, Denayer JFM, Baron GV, Napolitano E, Bielewski M, Mangano E, Brandani S, Broom DP, Benham MJ, Dailly A, Dreisbach F, Edubilli S, Gumma S, Möllmer J, Lange M, Tian M, Mays TJ, Shigeoka T, Yamakita S, Hakuman M, Nakada Y, Nakai K, Hwang J, Pini R, Jiang H, Ebner AD, Nicholson MA, Ritter JA, Farrando-Pérez J, Cuadrado-Collados C, Silvestre-Albero J, Tampaxis C, Steriotis T, Řimnáčová D, Švábová M, Vorokhta M, Wang H, Bovens E, Heymans N, De Weireld G. A reference high-pressure CH4 adsorption isotherm for zeolite Y: results of an interlaboratory study. ADSORPTION 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10450-020-00253-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThis paper reports the results of an international interlaboratory study led by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) on the measurement of high-pressure surface excess methane adsorption isotherms on NIST Reference Material RM 8850 (Zeolite Y), at 25 °C up to 7.5 MPa. Twenty laboratories participated in the study and contributed over one-hundred adsorption isotherms of methane on Zeolite Y. From these data, an empirical reference equation was determined, along with a 95% uncertainty interval (Uk=2). By requiring participants to replicate a high-pressure reference isotherm for carbon dioxide adsorption on NIST Reference Material RM 8852 (ZSM-5), this interlaboratory study also demonstrated the usefulness of reference isotherms in evaluating the performance of high-pressure adsorption experiments.
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Hwang J, Cheung B, Block RC. Different mother and daughter manifestations due to very high cholesterol-containing lipoproteins. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2020; 24:9147-9150. [PMID: 32965006 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202009_22862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an autosomal codominant genetic disorder associated with defective hepatic uptake of circulating low-density lipoproteins (LDL), which can lead to premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Evidence suggests elevated lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) levels in FH patients may also increase their ASCVD risk. We present a case series of 2 FH patients where a daughter has a higher ASCVD burden than her mother due to the daughter having elevated Lp(a). This underscores the importance of including Lp(a) in cascade lipid screening in FH patients and their first-degree relatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Hwang
- University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA.
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Bruera S, Zogala R, Lei X, Pundole X, Zhao H, Giordano S, Hwang J, Suarez-Almazor M. FRI0516 FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH DECREASED CERVICAL CANCER SCREENING IN WOMEN WITH SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS. Ann Rheum Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.3824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background:Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease that carries an increased risk for both viral illnesses and malignancies, including a greater risk for both human papilloma virus (HPV) infection and cervical cancer. Due to this increased risk, the American Society of Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology guidelines for SLE patients recommend more frequent cervical cancer screening. Few studies have examined patient characteristics associated with decreased cervical cancer screening in patients with autoimmune disease, specifically SLE.Objectives:To estimate cervical cancer screening rates in women with recently diagnosed SLE, and to identify characteristics associated with decreased screening.Methods:We identified women with an initial diagnosis of SLE in the United States MarketScan Commercial Claims and Encounter (CCAE, age 18-64) administrative claims database. We included patients with at least three claims with a lupus diagnosis (first and last at least >90 days apart), no lupus claims within the year before initial claim, and who had been on antimalarial drugs for at least 90 days. We excluded all patients with a previous claim for hysterectomy.Cervical cancer screening was ascertained using diagnosis and procedure codes within 1 year before and 2 years after the first SLE claim. Our covariates included the year of first SLE claim (2001-2014), age at first SLE claim, comorbidity score, insurance type, geographical region, and prescriptions for multiple types of corticosteroids. Control patients included age-matched females without autoimmune disease. Univariate comparison and multivariate logistic regression models were built to evaluate determinants of screening.Results:We included 4,316 SLE patients (median age 45) and 86,544 control patients. The screening rate in SLE patients was 73.4% vs 58.5% in the controls (P < 0.001). The screening rate was 71% in 2001, increased to 75% in 2004, then decreased to 70% in 2014 (trend P =0.005). In the multivariate model the following factors were associated with decreased cervical cancer screening: year of first SLE claim 2012-2014 versus 2001-2005 (odds ratio (OR) 0.67, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.53 – 0.84, P < 0.001); older age 61-64 versus 21-30 (OR 0.27, 95% CI 0.19 – 0.39, P < 0.001); comorbidity score of ≥2 versus <2 (OR 0.71, 95% CI 0.6 – 0.83, P < 0.001); and use of corticosteroids for ≥ 90 days versus <90 days (OR 0.73, 95% CI 0.59 – 0.9, P = 0.003). Insurance type and geographical region were not associated with cervical cancer screening.Conclusion:About three quarters of women with SLE underwent cervical cancer screening within 3 years of their first lupus claim, at higher rates than controls. However, there was a concerning downward trend in screening rates in recent years. In addition, higher risk populations for cervical cancer (older age, increased comorbidities, and longer duration of corticosteroids) had lower screening rates. These findings highlight the need to enhance education for healthcare providers to improve utilization of screening in women with SLE at high risk of cervical cancer.Disclosure of Interests:Sebastian Bruera: None declared, Richard Zogala: None declared, Xiudong Lei: None declared, Xerxes Pundole: None declared, Hui Zhao: None declared, Sharon Giordano: None declared, Jessica Hwang Grant/research support from: MERCK grant funding unrelated to SLE., Maria Suarez-Almazor: None declared
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Ahn JK, Hwang J, Lee J, Kim H, Seo GH. OP0073 RISK OF DEVELOPING RHEUMATIC DISEASES IN PATIENTS WITH PALINDROMIC RHEUMATISM IN SOUTH KOREA: A NATION-WIDE POPULATION-BASED STUDY. Ann Rheum Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.3664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background:Palindromic rheumatism (PR) has known to be three patterns of disease course: clinical remission of attacks, persistent attacks, and evolution to chronic arthritis or systemic disease. The spectrum in progression to chronic diseases of PR, however, is quite variable; rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), systemic sclerosis (SSc), Sjögren’s syndrome (SjS), ankylosing spondylitis (AS), relapsing polychondritis (RP), Behçet’s disease (BD), sarcoidosis, and psoriatic spondylitis and arthropathy. Because of the small numbers in case-control studies and too aged investigations, now we needs to shed new light on the fate of PR.Objectives:The aim was to investigate the epidemiology of PR and the risk of developing various rheumatic diseases compared with non-PR individuals, employing the National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) medical claims data, which covers all medical institutions of South Korea.Methods:The study used 2007-2018 claims data from the Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA). The identified 19,724 PR patients from 2010 to 2016 were assessed for the incidence rate (IR) compared with the population in the given year by 100,000 person-year (py). The date of diagnosis was the index date. After matching with non-PR individuals (1:10) for age, sex and the year of index date, we calculated the hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The risk of developing the various rheumatic diseases and adult immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) as the outcome diseases in PR cohort was estimated. This risk was compared with that of matched non-PR cohort.Results:Of 19,724 PR patients (8,665 males and 11,059 females), the mean age was 50.2 ± 14.9 years (47.7 ± 14.4 years in males and 52.6 ± 14.9 years in females,p< 0.001). The ratio of male to female patients with PR was approximately 1:1.28. The annual IR of PR was 7.02 (6.92-7.12) per 100,000 py (6.22 (6.09-6.35) and 7.80 (7.66-7.95) per 100,000 py in males and females, respectively). The mean duration to develop the outcome diseases was significantly shorter in PR cohort compared that of non-PR cohort (19.4 vs. 35.8 months,p< 0.001). The most common outcome disease was RA (7.34% of PR patients; 80.0% of total outcome diseases), followed by AS, SLE, BD, SjS, MCTD, DM/PM, SSc, RP, psoriatic arthropathy, and AIDS in PR cohort. The patients with PR had an increased risk of RA (HR 46.6, 95% CI [41.1-52.7]), psoriatic arthropathy (44.79 [15.2-132.4]), SLE (24.5 [16.2-37.2]), MCTD (22.0 [7.7-63.3]), BD (21.0 [13.8-32.1]), SjS (12.4 [8.5-17.9]), AS (9.0 [6.7-12.2]), DM/PM (6.1 [2.6-14.8]), and SSc (3.8 [1.5-9.6]) but not of AIDS. The risk of developing RA was greater in male patients (HR 58.9, 95% CI [45.6-76.2] vs. 43.2 [37.4-49.8],pfor interaction = 0.037) while female patients encountered a higher risk of developing AS (15.8 [8.9-28.1] vs. 7.2 [5.0-10.3],pfor interaction = 0.023). The risk of developing RA, SLE, SjS, and BD were significantly more highly affected in younger age (pfor interaction < 0.001, = 0.003, 0.002, and 0.017, at each).Conclusion:This nationwide, population-based cohort study demonstrated that patients with PR had an increased risk of developing various rheumatic diseases, not only RA but also psoriatic arthropathy. Therefore, patients with PR needs to be cautiously followed up for their potential of diverse outcome other than RA: RA, SLE, SjS, and BD in younger patients, RA in males, and AS in females, in particular.Disclosure of Interests:None declared
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Kim JY, Choi BG, Jelinek J, Kim DH, Lee SH, Cho K, Rha SH, Lee YH, Jin HS, Choi DK, Kim GE, Kwon SU, Hwang J, Cha JK, Lee S, Issa JPJ, Kim J. Promoter methylation changes in ALOX12 and AIRE1: novel epigenetic markers for atherosclerosis. Clin Epigenetics 2020; 12:66. [PMID: 32398127 PMCID: PMC7218560 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-020-00846-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atherosclerosis is the main cause of cardiovascular diseases such as ischemic stroke and coronary heart disease. Gene-specific promoter methylation changes have been suggested as one of the causes underlying the development of atherosclerosis. We aimed to identify and validate specific genes that are differentially expressed through promoter methylation in atherosclerotic plaques. We performed the present study in four steps: (1) profiling and identification of gene-specific promoter methylation changes in atherosclerotic tissues; (2) validation of the promoter methylation changes of genes in plaques by comparison with non-plaque intima; (3) evaluation of promoter methylation status of the genes in vascular cellular components composing atherosclerotic plaques; and (4) evaluation of promoter methylation differences in genes among monocytes, T cells, and B cells isolated from the blood of ischemic stroke patients. RESULTS Upon profiling, AIRE1, ALOX12, FANK1, NETO1, and SERHL2 were found to have displayed changes in promoter methylation. Of these, AIRE1 and ALOX12 displayed higher methylation levels in plaques than in non-plaque intima, but lower than those in the buffy coat of blood. Between inflammatory cells, the three genes were significantly less methylated in monocytes than in T and B cells. In the vascular cells, AIRE1 methylation was lower in endothelial and smooth muscle cells. ALOX12 methylation was higher in endothelial, but lower in smooth muscle cells. Immunofluorescence staining showed that co-localization of ALOX12 and AIRE1 was more frequent in CD14(+)-monocytes than in CD4(+)-T cell in plaque than in non-plaque intima. CONCLUSIONS Promoter methylation changes in AIRE1 and ALOX12 occur in atherosclerosis and can be considered as novel epigenetic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jee Yeon Kim
- Department of Neurology and Neuroepigenetics Laboratory, School of Medicine and Hospital, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Bong-Geun Choi
- Department of Neurology and Neuroepigenetics Laboratory, School of Medicine and Hospital, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
- Biomedical Research Center, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, South Korea
| | | | - Dae Hyun Kim
- Department of Neurology, Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, South Korea
| | - Seo Hyun Lee
- Division of Medical Mathematics Researches, National Institute for Mathematical Sciences, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Kwangjo Cho
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, South Korea
| | - Seo Hee Rha
- Department of Pathology, Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, South Korea
| | - Young Ho Lee
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Hyo Sun Jin
- Biomedical Research Center, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Dae-Kyoung Choi
- Biomedical Research Center, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Geun-Eun Kim
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sun U Kwon
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Junha Hwang
- Department of Neurology and Neuroepigenetics Laboratory, School of Medicine and Hospital, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jae Kwan Cha
- Department of Neurology, Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, South Korea
| | - Sukhoon Lee
- Division of Medical Mathematics Researches, National Institute for Mathematical Sciences, Daejeon, South Korea
| | | | - Jei Kim
- Department of Neurology and Neuroepigenetics Laboratory, School of Medicine and Hospital, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea.
- Department of Neurology, Chungnam National University Hospital, 282 Moonhwaro, Joongku, Daejeon, 35015, South Korea.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Needlestick injuries (NSIs) are common healthcare-related injuries and possible consequences include blood-borne infections. Despite that, a large proportion of NSIs are not reported. AIMS To estimate the prevalence of under-reporting of NSIs and to evaluate the knowledge, attitude and behaviour towards NSIs among junior doctors in a tertiary hospital in Singapore. METHODS An explanatory sequential mixed-methods design was employed. Quantitative data were collected through questionnaires completed by 99 junior doctors. Descriptive statistics and bivariate analysis were performed to evaluate socio-demographic characteristics, NSI history and NSI reporting practices. Qualitative data were collected through 12 in-depth interviews. Participants were purposively recruited, and semi-structured topic guides were developed. Data were analysed using a thematic approach. RESULTS Fifty-two per cent of respondents had history of NSI. Of those with history of NSI, 31% did not report injury. NSI reporters were 1.52 times as likely to be aware of how to report injury (P < 0.05), and 1.63 times as likely to feel that reporting benefits their health (P < 0.01) compared with non-reporters. NSI reporters were 83% more likely to report a clean NSI (P = 0.05). For non-reporters, the main reasons for not reporting were perceived low risk of transmission (41%) and lack of time to report (35%). Themes identified in the qualitative data include perceived benefits, perceived barriers, perceived threats, cues to action and organizational culture. CONCLUSION Under-reporting of NSIs may have significant implications for patients and healthcare workers. Addressing identified factors and instituting targeted interventions will help to improve reporting rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- M W Ong
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - J Hwang
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - S M Lim
- Occupational Health Clinic, National University Health Systems, Singapore, Singapore
| | - J Sng
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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Podboy A, Clarke J, Nguyen L, Mooney J, Dhillon G, Hwang J. Outcomes of Gastric Per-Oral Endoscopic Pyloromyotomy for Severe Gastroparesis in a Lung Transplant Patient Population. J Heart Lung Transplant 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2020.01.714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Wahl GM, Ma Z, Chung C, Dravis C, Spike BT, Giraddi RT, Balcioglu O, Fan C, Hagos B, Heinz R, Herrera-Valdez J, Hou X, Hwang J, Lasken R, Luna G, Lytle NE, Mehrabad EM, Novotny M, Perou CM, Poirion O, Preissl S, Ren B, Reya T, Trejo CL, Varley KT. Abstract ES10-2: Understanding breast cancer using a developmental perspective. Cancer Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs19-es10-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Parallels among embryonic development, stem cells, and cancer have long been recognized. We identified, isolated, and characterized stem cells that first become committed to a mammary fate during embryogenesis; we refer to these cells as fetal mammary stem cells (fMaSCs). Lineage tracing, in vitro sphere formation, and in vivo transplantation studies by our group and many others all confirm that cells in the embryo are the bipotent progenitors of the mammary gland. There is debate, however, on whether such bipotent cells persist into the adult, or whether the luminal and basal lineages are maintained by unipotent progenitors. To gain insight into the relationships between fMaSCs and breast cancer, and to investigate their potential persistence in the adult, we have applied bulk and single cell RNA-sequencing (sc-RNA-seq) and single nucleus ATAC-sequencing (snATAC-seq) throughout mammary development. The results to be discussed demonstrate that fMaSC transcriptomes are heterogeneous, but all share co-expression of genes associated with luminal and basal cell fates. This fits a model in which the bipotent state is created by a balance of lineage specifiers. We also find that the fMaSC transcriptome is highly enriched in basal-like human breast cancers and identify potential embryonic pathways that correlate with poor prognosis. We used a variety of computational tools to infer the gene expression programs that ensue when fMaSCs commit to luminal and basal states. The data from scRNA-seq and snATAC-seq demonstrate that the transitions are gradual, not precipitous, and that luminal and basal cells exhibit significant transcriptomic and epigenetic heterogeneity. This challenges the notion that the mammary gland consists of discrete cell types defined by rigid transcriptomic parameters, and reveals a potential for intrinsic phenotypic plasticity of normal mammary cells. Using the combined databases, we identified Sox10 as a significantly differentially expressed cell state regulator. We show that tumors are heterogeneous with regard to Sox10 expression, and that locally invasive cells tend to express high Sox10 levels. Elevated Sox10 correlates with acquisition of a neural-crest like, EMT-related state. Implications for interception of metastasis by targeting neural crest-like cells will be discussed. Finally, we have generated a web resource that is available to the scientific community to enable the transcription and epigenetic characteristics of any gene of interest to be tracked through mammary development (https://wahl-labsalk.shinyapps.io/Mammary_snATAC/).
Citation Format: GM Wahl, Z Ma, C Chung, C Dravis, BT Spike, RR Giraddi, O Balcioglu, C Fan, B Hagos, R Heinz, Herrera-Valdez J, X Hou, J Hwang, R Lasken, G Luna, NE Lytle, EM Mehrabad, M Novotny, CM Perou, O Poirion, S Preissl, B Ren, T Reya, CL Trejo, KT Varley. Understanding breast cancer using a developmental perspective [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2019 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2019 Dec 10-14; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(4 Suppl):Abstract nr ES10-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- GM Wahl
- 1Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA
| | - Z Ma
- 1Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA
| | - C Chung
- 2Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies; Current address: Pfizer Inc., San Diego, CA 92121, La Jolla, CA
| | - C Dravis
- 1Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA
| | - BT Spike
- 3Huntsman Cancer Institute, Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - RT Giraddi
- 2Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies; Current address: Pfizer Inc., San Diego, CA 92121, La Jolla, CA
| | - O Balcioglu
- 3Huntsman Cancer Institute, Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - C Fan
- 4Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - B Hagos
- 3Huntsman Cancer Institute, Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - R Heinz
- 5Huntsman Cancer Institute, Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake Sity, UT
| | - J Herrera-Valdez
- 1Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA
| | - X Hou
- 6Center for Epigenomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA
| | - J Hwang
- 3Huntsman Cancer Institute, Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - R Lasken
- 7J. Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, CA
| | - G Luna
- 1Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA
| | - NE Lytle
- 1Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA
| | - EM Mehrabad
- 3Huntsman Cancer Institute, Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - M Novotny
- 7J. Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, CA
| | - CM Perou
- 4Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - O Poirion
- 6Center for Epigenomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA
| | - S Preissl
- 6Center for Epigenomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA
| | - B Ren
- 8Center for Epigenomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine; Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, La Jolla, CA
| | - T Reya
- 9Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine; Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA
| | - CL Trejo
- 1Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA
| | - KT Varley
- 3Huntsman Cancer Institute, Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
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Kim JY, Choi BG, Jelinek J, Kim DH, Cho K, Rha SH, Lee YH, Kim GE, Kwon SU, Hwang J, Cha JK, Issa JPJ, Kim J. Abstract 139: Promoter Methylation Changes in
ALOX12, AIRE1, and NETO1
: Novel Epigenetic Markers for Atherosclerosis. Stroke 2020. [DOI: 10.1161/str.51.suppl_1.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objective:
We aimed to identify and validate specific genes developing changes in promoter methylation in atherosclerotic plaques.
Methods:
We initially profiled DNA methylation signatures via a high-throughput sequencing platform from 5 carotid endarterectomy (CEA) plaques to identify genes with altered promoter methylation. The significances of the identified gene-specific promoter methylations were validated by the comparison between 1) plaques and non-plaque intima of the common carotid artery harvested from 20 cadavers, 2) cellular components composing atherosclerosis including plaques and buffy coats of blood of 27 CEA patients, 5 human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC), 2 human aortic endothelial (HAEC) and 2 smooth muscle (HASMC) cell lines, and, 3) monocytes, T- and B-cell circulating in blood of 19 ischemic stroke patients. Finally, the localization pattern the genes was compared by the inflammatory cell types infiltrated into atherosclerotic plaque and non-plaque intima using immunofluorescence stain.
Results:
Upon the profiling, five genes (
AIRE1
,
ALOX12
,
FANK1
,
NETO1
, and
SERHL2
) displayed changes in promoter methylation. Of these,
AIRE1
,
ALOX12, and NETO1
displayed higher methylation in plaques than in non-plaque intima, but lower than buffy coat of blood. In vascular cells,
AIRE1
and
NETO1
methylation was lower in HUVEC, HAEC and HASMC, but,
ALOX12
methylation was higher in HUVEC and HAEC, but, lower in HASMC than CEA plaques. Of inflammatory cells, methylation of the three genes was significantly lower in monocytes than T- and B-cells. On immunofluorescence statin for ALOX12, CD14(+)-monocytes was 3 times more frequent than CD4(+)-T-cell of total ALOX12-stained cells in plaques than non-plaque intima.
Conclusions:
The present study profiled and validated the promoter methylation changes of
AIRE1
,
ALOX12,
and
NETO1
as novel epigenetic markers related with atherosclerosis. In particular, epigenetic augmentation of the 3 genes occurred in monocytes of the cellular components composing atherosclerotic plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jee Yeon Kim
- Chungnam Natl Univ Hosp, Daejeon, Korea, Republic of
| | - Bong-Gen Choi
- Chungnam Natl Univ Hosp, Daejeon, Korea, Republic of
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Junha Hwang
- Chungnam Natl Univ Hosp, Daejeon, Korea, Republic of
| | | | | | - Jei Kim
- Chungnam Natl Univ Hosp, Daejeon, Korea, Republic of
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Rubenstein JL, Geng H, Vu K, Mannis G, Formaker P, Hwang J, Munster PN, Damato B. Maintenance lenalidomide in primary CNS lymphoma. Ann Oncol 2020; 30:1397-1398. [PMID: 31046114 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J L Rubenstein
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Ocular Oncology, UCSF, San Francisco, USA; Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ocular Oncology, UCSF, San Francisco, USA.
| | - H Geng
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ocular Oncology, UCSF, San Francisco, USA; Laboratory Medicine, Ocular Oncology, UCSF, San Francisco, USA
| | - K Vu
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Ocular Oncology, UCSF, San Francisco, USA
| | - G Mannis
- Stanford Hematology, Ocular Oncology, UCSF, San Francisco, USA
| | - P Formaker
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Ocular Oncology, UCSF, San Francisco, USA
| | - J Hwang
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ocular Oncology, UCSF, San Francisco, USA; Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Ocular Oncology, UCSF, San Francisco, USA
| | - P N Munster
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Ocular Oncology, UCSF, San Francisco, USA; Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ocular Oncology, UCSF, San Francisco, USA
| | - B Damato
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ocular Oncology, UCSF, San Francisco, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Ocular Oncology, UCSF, San Francisco, USA
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Toukhsati S, Jones A, Fletcher S, Milligan D, Kwee J, Justice K, Liu M, Hwang J, Duong V, Galea A, Zheng J, Hare D. 642 Psychological Denial is a Risk Factor for All-Cause Unplanned Rehospitalisations Following Acute Myocardial Infarction. Heart Lung Circ 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2020.09.649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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40
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Cho SH, Chung I, Bae W, Hwang J. Long-term complication and outcomes after induction chemotherapy with TPF followed by chemoradiotherapy for nasopharyngeal cancer. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz428.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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41
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Lee J, Cheng N, Tai H, Jimmy Juang J, Wu C, Lin L, Hwang J, Lin J, Chiang F, Tsai C. CYP2C19 Polymorphism is Associated With Amputation Rates in Patients Taking Clopidogrel After Endovascular Intervention for Critical Limb Ischaemia. J Vasc Surg 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2019.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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42
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Lee CJ, Hwang J, Kang CY, Kim H, Ha J, Chun KH, Oh J, Lee S, Kang SM, Park S, Yoo TH. P5731Optimal blood pressure in diabetic hypertensive patients with overt proteinuria. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz746.0671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Evidence for the benefit of intensive blood pressure lowering in diabetic nephropathy is not clear at this time. The objective of this study was to demonstrate whether lower mean blood pressure (BP) in treated hypertensive patients with diabetic nephropathy is associated with better prognosis.
Methods
From the National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) Health Examination Database, diabetic hypertensive subjects with proteinuria between 2009 and 2010 were selected and followed-up until 2015 (N=8,663). Mean of the recorded systolic and diastolic BP during follow-up health examinations were stratified into five categories (SBP: <120, 120 to <130, 130 to <140, 140 to <150, and ≥150 mmHg; DBP: <70, 70 to <80, 80 to <90, 90 to <100, and ≥100 mmHg). All-cause death, myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, and renal outcome (progression to end stage renal disease or doubling of serum creatinine) were examined by Cox proportional hazard models with the propensity scores adjusted method.
Results
Compared to SBP of 130 to <140 mmHg, SBP of 120 to <130 mmHg was associated with lower risk of all-cause death (HR=0.78; 95% CI, 0.64–0.95), stroke (HR: 0.65; 95% CI, 0.45–0.94), and renal outcome (HR: 0.81; 95% CI, 0.68–0.97). SBP of <120 mmHg was associated with benefit for renal outcomes (HR: 0.69; 95% CI 0.55–0.88) but not with elevated risk of other outcomes. Compared to DBP of 80 to <90 mmHg, DBP of 70 to <80 mmHg were associated with lower risk of all-cause death (HR: 0.75; 95% CI, 0.64–0.88) but with higher risk of MI (HR: 1.52; 95% CI, 1.05–2.21). DBP of <70 mmHg was associated with reduced risk of all-cause death (HR: 0.79; 95% CI, 0.64–0.98).
Conclusion
In diabetic hypertensive subjects with overt proteinuria, deterioration of renal function decreased with decreasing SBP and the lowest risk of all-cause death and stroke were observed in SBP <130 mmHg. Low DBP was associated with low risk of all-cause death but there was a J curve phenomenon for MI in DBP of 70 to <80 mmHg.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Lee
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Division of cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - J Hwang
- Daegu University, Department of Statistics and Computer Science, Gyeongbuk, Korea (Republic of)
| | - C Y Kang
- Daegu University, Department of Statistics and Computer Science, Gyeongbuk, Korea (Republic of)
| | - H Kim
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Division of cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - J Ha
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Division of cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - K.-H Chun
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Division of cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - J Oh
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Division of cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - S.H.- Lee
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Division of cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - S.-M Kang
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Division of cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - S Park
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Division of cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - T.-H Yoo
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
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Ki-Su P, Yoon S, Hwang J, Ahn H. P10.01 Anti-migration and anti-invasion effects of curcumin via suppression of fascin expression in glioblastoma cells. Neuro Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noz126.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
BACKGROUND
The natural compound Curcumin was known to inhibit migration and invasion of glioblastoma (GBM) cells. Fascin, a kind of actin-binding proteins, is correlated with migration and invasion of GBM cells. The purpose of this study was to investigate anti-migration and anti-invasion effects of Curcumin via suppression of fascin expression in GBM cells.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
U87 cell line was used as an experimental model of GBM. Fascin was quantified by Western blot analysis. And, the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), known to play an important role in migration and invasion of tumor cells, were analyzed by sandwich-ELISA. Migration and invasion capacities were assessed by attachment, migration and invasion assays. Cellular morphology was demonstrated by immunofluorescence.
RESULTS
At various concentrations of curcumin and exposure times, fascin expression decreased. After temporarily exposure to 10μM/L Curcumin during 6 hours as less invasive concentration and time, fascin expression temporarily decreased at 12 hours (18.4%, p=0.024), and since then recovered. And, the change of phosphrylated STAT3 level also reflected the temporarily decreased pattern of fascin expression at 12 hours (19.7%, p=0.010). Attachment, migration, and invasion capacities consistently decreased at 6, 12, and 24 hours. And, immunofluorescence showed the change of shape and the reduction of filopodia formation in cells.
CONCLUSION
Curcumin is likely to suppress the fascin expression in GBM cells, and this might be a possible mechanism for anti-migration and anti-invasion effects of Curcumin via inhibition of STAT3 phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Ki-Su
- Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
| | - S Yoon
- Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
| | - J Hwang
- Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
| | - H Ahn
- Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
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Hwang J, An H, Yoon S, Park K. P14.27 The significance of multicentric noncontrast-enhancing lesions distant from surgically resected glioblastoma: Case series of 3 patients. Neuro Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noz126.262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Glioblastoma is the most malignant primary brain tumor. The tumor location and multiplicity plays an important role in surgical and further treatment. The incidence of multiple lesions at the time of diagnosis was known as 1–20%, which showed a poor prognostic factor. Most researches has focused on multiple contrast-enhancing lesions, however, multicentric non-enhancing lesions distant from glioblastoma has been rarely evaluated. The authors reported the case series of the patient who showed multicentric non contrast-enhancing lesions without connection to histologically-proven glioblastoma.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Multicentric non contrast-enhancing lesions were defined as areas of FLAIR hyperintensity and mass effect without post-contrast enhancement, separated from the histologically-proven glioblastoma in a newly diagnosed disease. Three patients who showed distant non-enhancing lesions with appearance of a multicentric low-grade glioma were included in this study. The typical enhancing lesions were surgically resected and standard chemo-radiotherapy was followed in all patients.
RESULTS
All patients were male and their age was 38, 60 and 65 years old respectively. Multicentric tumor location was as follows: Case 1, left frontal lobe with non-enhancing lesion in left parahippocampal gyrus; Case 2, left parietal with non-enhancing lesion in left anteromedial temporal lobe; Case 3, left thalamus with non-enhancing lesions in both basal frontal and right temporal lobe. Pathologically, the resected enhancing tumor revealed glioblastoma in 2 patients and diffuse midline glioma in 1. All tumors were IDH-wild type. The resected enhanced lesion showed no progression but all non-enhancing lesions developed contrast-enhancing tumors at 3, 13 and 17 months after initial treatment, with high tracer uptake on 18FDG-PET or 18FDOPA-PET. Despite multidisciplinary treatment, two patients died from disease progression at 30 and 32 months after diagnosis and one patient is still alive with overall survival of 15 months.
CONCLUSION
The appearance of multicentric non-enhancing lesions distant from a typically enhancing tumor showed an uncommon finding in glioblastoma and poor prognostic features. These lesions progress faster than expected for a low-grade glioma. These lesions should be distinguished from typical low-grade glioma and should be considered more advanced lesions than their appearances suggest.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Hwang
- Dept of Neurosurgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
| | - H An
- Dept of Neurosurgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
| | - S Yoon
- Dept of Neurosurgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
| | - K Park
- Dept of Neurosurgery, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Korea, Republic of
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Song E, Hwang J, Choi J, Gwon H, Chun J, Choi SG, Chang Y. MON-LB675: Dracocephlaum Moldavica L. Seed Extracts Ameliorate Photo-Aging Andwound Healing in HaCat Cell and 3D Skin Model. Clin Nutr 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0261-5614(19)32130-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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46
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Song E, Choi J, Gwon H, Choi SG, Chun J, Chang Y, Hwang J. MON-LB674: Dracocephalum Moldavica L. Seed Extracts Modulate Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Human Skin Cells. Clin Nutr 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0261-5614(19)32129-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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47
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Hwang J, Park N, Choi H, Hwang J, Lee S, Min D, Kim K, Park W. 564 Melasolv, a skin lightening compound with different mechanisms to regulate skin pigmentation. J Invest Dermatol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.07.479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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48
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Hwang J, Zmuda JM, Kuipers AL, Bunker CH, Santanasto AJ, Wheeler VW, Miljkovic I. Serum Vitamin D and Age-Related Muscle Loss in Afro-Caribbean Men: The Importance of Age and Diabetic Status. J Frailty Aging 2019; 8:131-137. [PMID: 31237313 DOI: 10.14283/jfa.2018.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prospective studies examining the potential association of vitamin D with age-related muscle loss have shown inconsistent results. OBJECTIVE To examine the association between baseline serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D), and prospective change in lean mass with aging in African ancestry population. We also determined if associations were modulated by age and diabetes mellitus (DM). DESIGN Prospective observational cohort study. SETTING Data were collected from a random sub-sample of 574 men, participants of the Tobago Bone Health Study (TBHS). PARTICIPANTS 574 Afro-Caribbean men, aged 43+ years (mean age: 59.1 ± 10.5), who were randomly selected as the participants in both the baseline and the follow-up visits. MEASUREMENTS Baseline fasting serum 25(OH)D was measured using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and and 1,25(OH)2D was measured using radioimmunosassay (RIA). Changes in dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)-measured appendicular lean mass (ALM), and total body lean mass (TBLM) were measured over an average of 6.0 ± 0.5 years. The associations of 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)2D with ALM and TBLM were assessed by multiple linear regression model after adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS When stratifying all men into two groups by age, greater baseline 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)2D levels were associated with smaller losses of ALM and TBLM in older (age 60+ years) but not in younger (age 43 - 59 years) men. When stratifying by DM status, the associations of 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)2D with declines in ALM and TBLM were statistically significant only in prediabetic, but not among normal glycemic or diabetic men. CONCLUSION Higher endogenous vitamin D concentrations are associated with less lean mass loss with aging among older and prediabetic Afro-Caribbean men independent of potential confounders. Our findings raise a possibility that maintaining high serum vitamin D level might be important for musculoskeletal health in elderly and prediabetic African ancestry men.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Hwang
- Iva Miljkovic, MD, PhD, FAHA, Associate professor, Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, A524 Crabtree Hall, 130 DeSoto Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, Phone: 412-624-7325, E-mail:
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Su M, Chen L, Hitre E, Lee W, Bai L, Papai Z, Kang S, Dvorkin M, Lee M, Ludovic E, Choi H, Oh S, Bodoky G, Artru P, Hwang J, Bazin I, Bosc F, Bachet J, Horváth Z, Chang C, Lin J. EndoTAG-1 plus gemcitabine versus gemcitabine alone in patients with measurable locally advanced and/or metastatic adenocarcinoma of the pancreas failed on FOLFIRINOX treatment. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz155.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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50
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Salem M, Kadakia K, Trufan S, Hwang J, Nazemzadeh R, Jagosky M, Worrilow W, Coley H, Al Hallak M, Gower N, Philip P, O’Reilly E. Comparative analyses between younger and older patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma: differences in clinicopathological features, treatment patterns, and outcomes. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz155.289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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