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Simon EG, Dhus U, Rao AS, M K, Yedupati KR, George JT, K P, Swarna A, Somasundaram A, Ramakrishnan A, L V, Thomas D, V A, S P AM, M S R, Jha R, S J, Devakumar S, Pl A, Gade SV, Manickavasagam K, Agarwal D, V G MP, Prasad M, B M, Abirami D, T S C, B J G, Natrayan R, Sampathkumar HM, B S R, Chand N, S JJB, Ashokan S, S A, Srinivasan K, A A, N L, R S A, Kumar AEP, A R, N A R, A C A, Balaji G, P P, Verma S, V J. Clinical profile of 1208 newly diagnosed colorectal cancer patients in Tamil Nadu-A multi-centric survey. Indian J Gastroenterol 2024:10.1007/s12664-023-01496-9. [PMID: 38372944 DOI: 10.1007/s12664-023-01496-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An increasing incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) is being reported in developing countries, including India. Most Indian studies on CRC are retrospective and single-centered. The present study is an attempt to understand the current clinical profile and stage of newly diagnosed CRCs across multiple centers in Tamil Nadu, India. METHODS A multi-centric observational survey was conducted between September 1, 2021, and August 31, 2022, under the aegis of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology - Tamil Nadu chapter. Patients 18 years of age and older with a recent diagnosis of CRC fulfilling the inclusion criteria were prospectively recruited at the participating centers. Their demographic, clinical, biochemical, endoscopic, histopathologic, radiologic and risk factor details were systematically collected and analyzed. RESULTS Across 23 centers in Tamil Nadu, 1208 patients were recruited. The male:female ratio was 1.49:1, while mean (SD) age was 57.7 (13.5) years. A majority (81.9%) were Tamils and 78.5% belonged to lower socioeconomic classes. The predominant symptoms were hematochezia (30.2%) and a change in bowel habits (27.5%). The most common locations were the rectum (34.3%) and rectosigmoid (15.1%). Synchronous CRCs were seen in 3.3% and synchronous colorectal polyps in 12.8%. Predisposing factors for CRC were seen in 2%. A past history of any cancer among CRC patients was obtained in 3.1% and a family history of any cancer was found in 7.6%. Patients who were either overweight or obese constituted 46.4% of the study population. At presentation, the predominant stages were stage III (44.7%) and stage IV (20.8%). CONCLUSIONS A majority of patients with newly diagnosed CRC in Tamil Nadu belonged to the lower socioeconomic classes. About 60% had CRCs located within the reach of the flexible sigmoidoscope. Two-thirds of the patients exceeded stage II disease at presentation. TRIAL REGISTRATION Not applicable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebby George Simon
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, 632 004, India.
| | - Ubal Dhus
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Apollo Hospitals, Chennai, 600 006, India
| | - Amara Sadguna Rao
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Apollo Hospitals, Chennai, 600 006, India
| | - Kannan M
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Madurai Medical College, Madurai, 625 020, India
| | - Kondala Rao Yedupati
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Madurai Medical College, Madurai, 625 020, India
| | - John Titus George
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, 632 004, India
| | - Premkumar K
- Institute of Medical Gastroenterology, Madras Medical College, Chennai, 600 003, India
| | - Anupama Swarna
- Institute of Medical Gastroenterology, Madras Medical College, Chennai, 600 003, India
| | | | - Arulraj Ramakrishnan
- GI and Liver Unit, Kovai Medical Center and Hospital, Coimbatore, 641 014, India
| | - Venkatakrishnan L
- Department of Gastroenterology, PSG Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Coimbatore, 641 004, India
| | - Dhanush Thomas
- Department of Gastroenterology, PSG Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Coimbatore, 641 004, India
| | - Arulselvan V
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Coimbatore Medical College, Coimbatore, 641 018, India
| | - Arshiya Mubin S P
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Coimbatore Medical College, Coimbatore, 641 018, India
| | - Revathy M S
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Stanley Medical College, Chennai, 600 001, India
| | - Rakesh Jha
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Stanley Medical College, Chennai, 600 001, India
| | - Jeswanth S
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Stanley Medical College, Chennai, 600 001, India
| | - Satish Devakumar
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Stanley Medical College, Chennai, 600 001, India
| | - Alagammai Pl
- Department of Gastroenterology, Meenakshi Mission Hospital and Research Centre, Madurai, 625 107, India
| | - Sujata V Gade
- Department of Gastroenterology, Meenakshi Mission Hospital and Research Centre, Madurai, 625 107, India
| | - Kanagavel Manickavasagam
- Department of General, GI and Minimal Access Surgery, St. Isabel's Hospital, Chennai, 600 004, India
| | - Deepak Agarwal
- Department of General, GI and Minimal Access Surgery, St. Isabel's Hospital, Chennai, 600 004, India
| | - Mohan Prasad V G
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, VGM Hospital, Coimbatore, 641 005, India
| | - Madhura Prasad
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, VGM Hospital, Coimbatore, 641 005, India
| | - Mahadevan B
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Gleneagles Global Health City, Chennai, 600 100, India
| | - Dinu Abirami
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Gleneagles Global Health City, Chennai, 600 100, India
| | - Chandrasekar T S
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, MedIndia Hospitals, Chennai, 600 034, India
| | - Gokul B J
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, MedIndia Hospitals, Chennai, 600 034, India
| | - Rajesh Natrayan
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Sri Gokulam Hospital, Salem, 636 004, India
| | | | - Ramakrishna B S
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, SRM Institutes for Medical Science, Chennai, 600 083, India
| | - Naveen Chand
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, SRM Institutes for Medical Science, Chennai, 600 083, India
| | | | - Sindhu Ashokan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Annai Arul Hospital, Chennai, 600 063, India
| | - Arulprakash S
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, MGM Healthcare, Chennai, 560 070, India
| | - Karishma Srinivasan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, MGM Healthcare, Chennai, 560 070, India
| | - Aravind A
- Department of Digestive Health and Diseases, Govt. Kilpauk Medical College, Chennai, 600 010, India
| | - Lavanya N
- Department of Digestive Health and Diseases, Govt. Kilpauk Medical College, Chennai, 600 010, India
| | - Arun R S
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Madras Medical Mission, Chennai, 600 037, India
| | | | - Rathnaswami A
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Chennai, 603 211, India
| | - Rajesh N A
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Chennai, 603 211, India
| | - Arun A C
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Velammal Medical College Hospital and Research Institute, Madurai, 625 009, India
| | - Ganga Balaji
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Velammal Medical College Hospital and Research Institute, Madurai, 625 009, India
| | - Padmanabhan P
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Meenakshi Medical College Hospital and Research Institute, Kancheepuram, 631 552, India
| | - Somnath Verma
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Meenakshi Medical College Hospital and Research Institute, Kancheepuram, 631 552, India
| | - Jayanthi V
- Department of Hepatology, Gleneagles Global Health City, Chennai, 600 100, India
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Vedakumari SW, Prabu P, Jancy SJV, Pravin YR, Manickavasagam K, Sastry TP. Radiopaque fibrin nanocomplex as a promising tool for X-ray imaging applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 200:285-292. [PMID: 34995664 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.12.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The raising burden of cancer can be controlled by fabricating smart nanomaterials that can detect tumours easily. In this study, we report about the preparation of radiopaque fibrin nanocomplex (RFN) for imaging solid tumours. The nanocomplex exhibits high X-ray absorption and therefore utilizes X-ray radiography and computed tomography (CT) for imaging tumours. The CT images taken after intratumoral administration of RFN in tumor bearing mice displayed excellent visibility of tumour. Moreover, increased amount of RFN was seen at the site of tumour after 45 min of post-injection. These research findings prove the promising use of RFN as a valuable tool for imaging solid tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sathyaraj Weslen Vedakumari
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, Chennai- 603 103, Tamil Nadu, India; Bio-products Laboratory, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai 600 020, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Periyathambi Prabu
- Centre of Excellence for Advanced Materials Application, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, Bratislava 84511, Slovakia
| | - S Jacqulin Veda Jancy
- Electronics and Communication Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Ramapuram Campus, Chennai 600 089, India
| | - Yovan Raja Pravin
- Department of Physics (Science and Humanities), Agni College of Technology, OMR, Navallur, Thalambur, Chennai - 600 130, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kanagavel Manickavasagam
- Department of General, Gastrointestinal and Minimal Access Surgery, St. Isabel's Hospital, Chennai 600004, Tamil Nadu, India
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Jeswanth J, Harikrishnan S, Chandramohan A, Manickavasagam K, Servarayan Murugesan C. Delayed post-oesophagectomy gastric conduit obstruction: two decades after oesophagectomy for oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma. ANZ J Surg 2020; 91:E163-E164. [PMID: 33017085 DOI: 10.1111/ans.16246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jesse Jeswanth
- Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - Sakthivel Harikrishnan
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology & Liver Transplant, Government Stanley Medical College, Chennai, India
| | | | - Kanagavel Manickavasagam
- Department of General, Gastrointestinal and Minimal Access Surgery, St. Isabel Hospitals, Chennai, India
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Harikrishnan S, Murugesan CS, Karthikeyan R, Manickavasagam K, Singh B. Challenges faced in the management of complicated Boerhaave syndrome: a tertiary care center experience. Pan Afr Med J 2020; 36:65. [PMID: 32754292 PMCID: PMC7380874 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2020.36.65.23666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Spontaneous esophageal perforation is rare and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. A spectrum of various surgical modalities ranging from primary surgical repair to esophagectomy is available for its management. The optimal management of patients presenting late in a hemodynamically stable condition is not clearly defined in the literature. A retrospective review of all patients with Boerhaave syndrome managed by a single surgical team in a tertiary care center between 2008 and 2019 was performed (n = 16). Eleven patients were initially managed in the medical intensive care unit (MICU) as non-esophageal cause and 5 patients were referred after failed management (conservative/endoscopic). Demographics, clinical presentation, characteristics of perforation, initial diagnosis, and treatment were analyzed. All patients were males with a mean age of 42.2 years. A history of ethanol use was present in 6 patients. The median delay in diagnosis and referral was 16 days (range: 11-40 days). The common presenting symptoms were chest pain (n=11), dyspnoea (n=10), vomiting (n=4) and cough (n=2). The perforation was directed into right, left, and bilateral pleural cavities in 6, 8, and 2 patients respectively. The location of perforation was distal esophagus except for one patient. One patient was successfully treated with conservative management. The remaining patients underwent esophagectomy as a definitive surgical procedure. There was no significant postoperative morbidity and mortality. Esophagectomy can be done as a one-stage definitive procedure for patients with Boerhaave syndrome who present late in a hemodynamically stable condition with acceptable morbidity and good long term outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakthivel Harikrishnan
- Surgical Gastroenterology, Government Stanley Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, India
| | | | - Raveena Karthikeyan
- Madras Medical College and Rajiv Gandhi Government General Hospital, Chennai, India
| | - Kanagavel Manickavasagam
- Surgical Gastroenterology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - Balaji Singh
- Surgical Gastroenterology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
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Sundaram E, Manickavasagam K, Goel R, Subhash K, Govindaraj K, Bhimanakunte KR, DeSarkar S, Borgoankar V, Rathod V. Indian Association of Gastrointestinal Endo Surgeons COVID-19 endoscopy recommendations. J Minim Access Surg 2020; 16:201-205. [PMID: 32503959 PMCID: PMC7440018 DOI: 10.4103/jmas.jmas_92_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
These are recommendations from the Indian Association of Gastro Intestinal Endo Surgeons for safe performance of diagnostic and therapeutic endoscopy during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ramen Goel
- Indian Association of Gastrointestinal Endo Surgeons, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Khanna Subhash
- Indian Association of Gastrointestinal Endo Surgeons, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Kanagaraj Govindaraj
- Indian Association of Gastrointestinal Endo Surgeons, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | | | - Satyapriya DeSarkar
- Indian Association of Gastrointestinal Endo Surgeons, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Vijay Borgoankar
- Indian Association of Gastrointestinal Endo Surgeons, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Vipulroy Rathod
- Indian Association of Gastrointestinal Endo Surgeons, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Srivastava A, Nasta AM, Pathania BS, Sundaram E, Jani KV, Manickavasagam K, Asuri K, Lal P, Goel RG, Chaudhari T, Bansal VK. Surgical practice recommendations for minimal access surgeons during COVID 19 pandemic - Indian inter-society directives. J Minim Access Surg 2020; 16:195-200. [PMID: 32503958 PMCID: PMC7440016 DOI: 10.4103/jmas.jmas_93_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
These are inter-society guidelines for performance of laparoscopic surgery during COVID-19 pandemic that has affected the way of surgical practice. The safety of healthcare workers and patients is being challenged. It is prudent that our surgical practice should adapt to this rapidly changing health environment. The guidance issued is based on global practices and national governmental directives. The Inter-Society Group urges you to be updated with the developing situation and evolving changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Srivastava
- Department of Minimal Access Surgery, Srivastava Hospital, Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Amrit Manik Nasta
- Center of Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery, Wockhardt Hospitals, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | | | | | - Kalpesh V Jani
- Department of Minimal Access Surgery, VIGOS Hospital, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | - Kanagavel Manickavasagam
- Department of General, Gastrointestinal and Minimal Access Surgery, St. Isabel's Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Krishna Asuri
- Department of Surgical Disciplines, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Pawanindra Lal
- Department of Surgery, Maulana Azad Medical College, University of Delhi; Departement of General Surgery, Lok Nayak Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Ramen G Goel
- Center of Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery, Wockhardt Hospitals, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Tamonas Chaudhari
- Department of Surgery, Burdwan Medical College, Bardhaman, West Bengal, India
| | - Virinder Kumar Bansal
- Department of Surgical Disciplines, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Servarayan Murugesan C, Manickavasagam K, Chandramohan A, Jebaraj A, Jameel ARA, Jain MS, Venkataraman J. Gastric cancer in India: epidemiology and standard of treatment. Updates Surg 2018; 70:233-239. [PMID: 29611052 DOI: 10.1007/s13304-018-0527-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
India has a low incidence of gastric cancer. It ranks among the top five most common cancers. Regional diversity of incidence is of importance. It is the second most common cause of cancer related deaths among Indian men and women in the age between 15 and 44. Helicobacter pylori carcinogenesis is low in India. Advanced stage at presentation is a cause of concern. Basic and clinical research in India reveals a globally comparable standard of care and outcome. The large population, sociodemographic profile and challenges in health expenditure, however, remain a major challenge for health care policy managers. The newer formation of National Cancer Grid, integration of national databases and the creation of social identification database Aadhaar by The Unique Identification Authority of India are set to enhance the health care provision and optimal outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandramohan Servarayan Murugesan
- Center for Gastroesophageal Disorders, ESOINDIA, Chennai, India. .,Department of General, GI and Minimal Access Surgery, St. Isabel's Hospital, Chennai, 600010, India.
| | - Kanagavel Manickavasagam
- Center for Gastroesophageal Disorders, ESOINDIA, Chennai, India.,Department of General, GI and Minimal Access Surgery, St. Isabel's Hospital, Chennai, 600010, India
| | | | - Abishai Jebaraj
- Center for Gastroesophageal Disorders, ESOINDIA, Chennai, India.,Department of General, GI and Minimal Access Surgery, St. Isabel's Hospital, Chennai, 600010, India
| | - Abdul Rehman Abdul Jameel
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha University, Thandalam, Chennai, 602105, India
| | - Mayank Shikar Jain
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Gleneagles Global Hospital, Chennai, 600100, India
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Periyathambi P, Sastry TP, Anandasadagopan SK, Manickavasagam K. Macrophages mediated diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis using fibrin based magnetic nanoparticles as MRI contrast agents. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2016; 1861:2992-3001. [PMID: 27663233 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2016.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A variety of bioimaging tools assists in the diagnosis and evaluation of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and other osteoarthritis. However, detection of RA in the early stages by targeting its macrophages with suitable contrast agents will help in arresting the progression of the disease. METHODS In the present study, we investigated the effectiveness of using magnetic fibrin nanoparticles (MFNPs) conjugated with folic acid (FA-MFNPs) as a specific contrast agent to target the activated macrophages, which overexpress the folate receptors (FR) in the knee joints of rats with antigen-induced arthritis (AIA). RESULTS FA-MFNPs were spherical with an average size of 18.3±1.6nm. In vitro studies have shown effective internalization of FA-MFNPs into the Raw264.7 macrophage cells. In vivo studies were carried out by injecting FA-MFNPs intravenously into the arthritic rats. The results showed enhanced MR imaging in the synovium of arthritic joints. Prussian blue histological staining confirmed uptake of FA-MFNPs by macrophages in the synovial tissue. CONCLUSION The animal experiment results indicate that FA-MFNPs can be used as a specific MRI contrast agent in identifying phagocytic active macrophages in the synovial joints. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Blood is the precursor source for synthesising the fibrin-based iron oxide (magnetic) nanoparticles (MFNPs) with diameters between 12 and 15nm. It has excellent superparamagnetic behaviour, biocompatibility, osteogenic potency, hemocompatibility, and biodegradable properties. MFNPs-based nanocomposites might be a promising contrast agent for bioimaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabu Periyathambi
- Biological Materials/Bio-Products Laboratory, Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI), Adyar, Chennai 600 020, India
| | | | - Suresh Kumar Anandasadagopan
- Biochemistry and Biotechnology Laboratory, Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI), Adyar, Chennai 600 020, India
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Manickavasagam K, Sutha S, Kamalanand K. Development of Systems for Classification of Different Plasmodium Species in Thin Blood Smear Microscopic Images. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1166/jamr.2014.1194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Manickavasagam K, Sutha S, Kamalanand K. An automated system based on 2 d empirical mode decomposition and k-means clustering for classification of Plasmodium species in thin blood smear images. BMC Infect Dis 2014. [PMCID: PMC4080336 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2334-14-s3-p13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Karthikeyan R, Manickavasagam K, Tripathi S, Murthy K. Neuro-Fuzzy-Based Control for Parallel Cascade Control. Chemical Product and Process Modeling 2013. [DOI: 10.1515/cppm-2013-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
This paper discusses the application of adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) control for a parallel cascade control system. Parallel cascade controllers have two controllers, primary and secondary controllers in cascade. In this paper the primary controller is designed based on neuro-fuzzy approach. The main idea of fuzzy controller is to imitate human reasoning process to control ill-defined and hard to model plants. But there is a lack of systematic methodology in designing fuzzy controllers. The neural network has powerful abilities for learning, optimization and adaptation. A combination of neural networks and fuzzy logic offers the possibility of solving tuning problems and design difficulties of fuzzy logic. Due to their complementary advantages, these two models are integrated together to form more robust learning systems, referred to as adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS). The secondary controller is designed using the internal model control approach. The performance of the proposed ANFIS-based control is evaluated using different case studies and the simulated results reveal that the ANFIS control approach gives improved servo and regulatory control performances compared to the conventional proportional integral derivative controller.
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Manickavasagam K, Chandramohan S, Manickavasagam K. 472. Malignancy in Oesophagus Following Lye Corrosive Ingestion. Eur J Surg Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2012.06.422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Servarayan CM, Chandramohan A, Datta D, Manickavasagam K. p53 and its influence in adenocarcinoma stomach. J Clin Oncol 2009. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.e15685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
e15685 Background: Gastric cancer is the second most common cause of the malignancy in the world after lung cancer. Various pathogenesis have been given for the adenocarcinoma, like mutation in the E-catherin gene, amplification of COX-2, HGF/ SF, VEGF; deletion of FHIT, APC, p53 but none have provided a definite target for treatment. Methods: This is a immunohistochemical prospective experiment study done on 76 cases of Gastric Adenocarcinoma.The location of the tumors were recorded as in the proximal stomach (fundus and body) and distal stomach (antrum, prepylorus, and pylorus). PAb1801 clonewas obtained from the ZYMED LABORATRIES, San Franscisco. A standardised immunohistochemical method was followed in this study. Results: p53 mutations were seen 41 out of 76 cases(53.95%). And 23 out of 41(56.09%) cases of p53 expression of the total mutated cases expressed p53 100%. 20 out of 36 cases (55.55%) of age below 60 yrs and 21 out of 40 cases (52.55%) of age above 60 yrs were p53 positive. 33 out of 60 (55%)of the males and 8 out of 16 (50%) females were reported of having gastric adenocarcinoma with p53expression. The histology of the tissue samples from the gastric adenocarcinoma patients had following relationship with the p53 immunoreactivity, 20 out of 37 cases(54.05%) of the well differentiated,7 out of 17 cases (41.18% )of the moderately differentiated, and and 13 out of 21 cases(61.90%) of the poorly differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma showed positive immunoreactivity. 15 out of 33 cases (45.45%)were localized to the proximal stomach and 30 out of 52 cases (57.69%)were localized to the distal stomach. 52.63 % of the non-mucinous type of gastric adenocarcinoma showed positive p53 immunoreactivity. Conclusions: The TP53 mutation is slightly more common in males than females, with greater occurrence in the late years of life. The mutation is more marked in the poorly differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma. The antral, pylorus,and the prepyloric parts of the stomach( the distal stomach) are more prone for mutated p53 induced adenocarcinoma. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. M. Servarayan
- Government General Hospital & Madras Medical College, Chennai, India; Government Royapettah Hospital & Kilpauk Medical College, Chennai, India
| | - A. Chandramohan
- Government General Hospital & Madras Medical College, Chennai, India; Government Royapettah Hospital & Kilpauk Medical College, Chennai, India
| | - D. Datta
- Government General Hospital & Madras Medical College, Chennai, India; Government Royapettah Hospital & Kilpauk Medical College, Chennai, India
| | - K. Manickavasagam
- Government General Hospital & Madras Medical College, Chennai, India; Government Royapettah Hospital & Kilpauk Medical College, Chennai, India
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Manickavasagam K, Servarayan CM, Rao S, Chandramohan A. Hedgehog signaling: Gli2 and its influence in squamous esophageal cancer. J Clin Oncol 2009. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.e15596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
e15596 Background: Gli family zinc finger proteins are mediators of Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling and are implicated as potent oncogenes. Gli2 plays a dual role as activator of keratinocyte proliferation and repressor of epidermal differentiation. This study is to determine the expression pattern and the extent of Hh-signaling molecule(Gli2) in squamous cell carcinoma of oesophagus. Methods: A prospective immunohistochemical experimental study was done to identify the expression of Gli2 in 64 cases of squamous cell carcinoma of oesophagus. The study population consisted of patients of the age group 38–87 yrs. The cases consisted of 29 cases of keratinised squamous cell carcinoma.. Of the 64 cases, 20 were well differentiated, 9 moderately differentiated and 35 poorly differentiated tumours. Results: See Table . Gli2 expression was 25%. The cytoplasmic expression is positive in 9 cases and nuclear expression is positive in 5 cases. The average intensity of cytoplasmic expression was more than that of nuclear expression.Gli2 is less expressed in elderly cancers.Gli2 expression is comparatively more in upper third tumours. There were no obvious differences amongst the sex, differentiation and keratinization. The reason can be attributed to the fact that Hh signalling pathway works in a time, concentration and position dependent manner.Conclusions: Deregulation of Hh signalling will result in defective proliferation and differentiation of cells. These findings can be used for better prognosis of the patients by using stem cell therapy and HH pathway inhibitors in the treatment for squamous cell carcinomas of oesophagus. Protein kinase A (Pka) maintains the Gli transcription factors in an inactive state, so activation of Pka with agonists such as forskolin would prevent Gli-mediated activation of target-gene transcription. Gli can also be inhibited at the RNA level by targeting its transcripts with antisense oligonucleotides. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study of expression of Gli2 in squamous cell carcinoma of oesophagus. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Manickavasagam
- Government Royapettah Hospital, Kilpauk Medical College, Chennai, India; Government General Hospital & Madras Medical College, Chennai, India
| | - C. M. Servarayan
- Government Royapettah Hospital, Kilpauk Medical College, Chennai, India; Government General Hospital & Madras Medical College, Chennai, India
| | - S. Rao
- Government Royapettah Hospital, Kilpauk Medical College, Chennai, India; Government General Hospital & Madras Medical College, Chennai, India
| | - A. Chandramohan
- Government Royapettah Hospital, Kilpauk Medical College, Chennai, India; Government General Hospital & Madras Medical College, Chennai, India
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