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Chaston JM, Suen G, Tucker SL, Andersen AW, Bhasin A, Bode E, Bode HB, Brachmann AO, Cowles CE, Cowles KN, Darby C, de Léon L, Drace K, Du Z, Givaudan A, Herbert Tran EE, Jewell KA, Knack JJ, Krasomil-Osterfeld KC, Kukor R, Lanois A, Latreille P, Leimgruber NK, Lipke CM, Liu R, Lu X, Martens EC, Marri PR, Médigue C, Menard ML, Miller NM, Morales-Soto N, Norton S, Ogier JC, Orchard SS, Park D, Park Y, Qurollo BA, Sugar DR, Richards GR, Rouy Z, Slominski B, Slominski K, Snyder H, Tjaden BC, van der Hoeven R, Welch RD, Wheeler C, Xiang B, Barbazuk B, Gaudriault S, Goodner B, Slater SC, Forst S, Goldman BS, Goodrich-Blair H. The entomopathogenic bacterial endosymbionts Xenorhabdus and Photorhabdus: convergent lifestyles from divergent genomes. PLoS One 2011; 6:e27909. [PMID: 22125637 PMCID: PMC3220699 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0027909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2011] [Accepted: 10/27/2011] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Members of the genus Xenorhabdus are entomopathogenic bacteria that associate with nematodes. The nematode-bacteria pair infects and kills insects, with both partners contributing to insect pathogenesis and the bacteria providing nutrition to the nematode from available insect-derived nutrients. The nematode provides the bacteria with protection from predators, access to nutrients, and a mechanism of dispersal. Members of the bacterial genus Photorhabdus also associate with nematodes to kill insects, and both genera of bacteria provide similar services to their different nematode hosts through unique physiological and metabolic mechanisms. We posited that these differences would be reflected in their respective genomes. To test this, we sequenced to completion the genomes of Xenorhabdus nematophila ATCC 19061 and Xenorhabdus bovienii SS-2004. As expected, both Xenorhabdus genomes encode many anti-insecticidal compounds, commensurate with their entomopathogenic lifestyle. Despite the similarities in lifestyle between Xenorhabdus and Photorhabdus bacteria, a comparative analysis of the Xenorhabdus, Photorhabdus luminescens, and P. asymbiotica genomes suggests genomic divergence. These findings indicate that evolutionary changes shaped by symbiotic interactions can follow different routes to achieve similar end points.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M. Chaston
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Garret Suen
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Sarah L. Tucker
- Monsanto Company, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Aaron W. Andersen
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Archna Bhasin
- Department of Biology, Valdosta State University, Valdosta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Edna Bode
- Institut für Molekulare Biowissenschaften, Goethe Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Helge B. Bode
- Institut für Molekulare Biowissenschaften, Goethe Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Alexander O. Brachmann
- Institut für Molekulare Biowissenschaften, Goethe Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Charles E. Cowles
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Kimberly N. Cowles
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Creg Darby
- Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Limaris de Léon
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Kevin Drace
- Department of Biology, Mercer University, Macon, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Zijin Du
- Monsanto Company, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Alain Givaudan
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique-Université de Montpellier II, Montpellier, France
- Université Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Erin E. Herbert Tran
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Kelsea A. Jewell
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Jennifer J. Knack
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | | | - Ryan Kukor
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Anne Lanois
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique-Université de Montpellier II, Montpellier, France
- Université Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Phil Latreille
- Monsanto Company, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | | | - Carolyn M. Lipke
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Renyi Liu
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Xiaojun Lu
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Eric C. Martens
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Pradeep R. Marri
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Claudine Médigue
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Direction des Sciences du Vivant, Institut de Génomique, Genoscope and CNRS-UMR 8030, Laboratoire d'Analyse Bioinformatique en Génomique et Métabolisme, Evry, France
| | - Megan L. Menard
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Nancy M. Miller
- Monsanto Company, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Nydia Morales-Soto
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Stacie Norton
- Monsanto Company, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Jean-Claude Ogier
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique-Université de Montpellier II, Montpellier, France
- Université Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Samantha S. Orchard
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Dongjin Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Youngjin Park
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | | | - Darby Renneckar Sugar
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Gregory R. Richards
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Zoé Rouy
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Direction des Sciences du Vivant, Institut de Génomique, Genoscope and CNRS-UMR 8030, Laboratoire d'Analyse Bioinformatique en Génomique et Métabolisme, Evry, France
| | - Brad Slominski
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Kathryn Slominski
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Holly Snyder
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Brian C. Tjaden
- Department of Computer Science, Wellesley College, Wellesley, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Ransome van der Hoeven
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Roy D. Welch
- Department of Biology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America
| | - Cathy Wheeler
- Department of Biology, Hiram College, Hiram, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Bosong Xiang
- Monsanto Company, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Brad Barbazuk
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Sophie Gaudriault
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique-Université de Montpellier II, Montpellier, France
- Université Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Brad Goodner
- Department of Biology, Hiram College, Hiram, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Steven C. Slater
- DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Steven Forst
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Barry S. Goldman
- Monsanto Company, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- * E-mail: (B.Goldman); (HG-B)
| | - Heidi Goodrich-Blair
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- * E-mail: (B.Goldman); (HG-B)
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